英文论文写作常用句式和词汇有哪些要求

留学生论文类型1、叙事文记叙文以故事的形式和清晰的定义分享信息观点。2、说明文这种类型的文章解释、说明或澄清一个主题。也包括带有逐步指导的指导性文章。3、描述性文章描述性文章正如它们的名字所暗示的那样，详细描述了一个事件、现象或任何其他主题。 4、有说服力的文章这种类型的文章旨在说服观众采用某种观点或想法。5、对比文章这种类型的写作指出了两个或更多事物之间的相似或不同。 6、问题解决方案文章这篇文章突出了一个问题，影响读者去关注它，提出一个解决方案，并处理可能的反对意见。留学生论文写作步骤1、决定文章类型和主题有时候，已经有了一个指定的文章类型或主题，这样可以节省很多的时间。如果没有，必须自己想一个主题。 2、集思广益，研究选择的主题。一旦选择了主题，头脑风暴所有不同的支持想法，可以谈论的主题。可以使用思维导图法集思广益，或者也可以在研究中遇到要点时记下它们。 3、论文陈述论文陈述由一两句话组成，总结了论文的主要主题或论点。一般来说，论文陈述会陈述主题，同时也表达对这个主题的立场。 4、列一个大纲一旦有了论文陈述，就可以开始准备概述。大纲可以帮助在开始写作之前组织想法，并实际上节省时间。 5、开始写作利用大纲，现在可以开始写文章了。 6、注意引用参考文献的方式在这个时代，抄袭是一种严重的违法行为，所以引用别人的作品时需要小心。避免抄袭，一定要意译从研究中收集的任何想法，而不是逐字逐句地复制它们。如果你真的照原样使用它们，把它们放在引号里。 7、修改论文写完初稿后，提炼并校对工作确保修正了所有的语法和拼写错误。

使用率高的英文写作中常用句式1．表示原因1）There are three reasons for this．2）The reasons for this are as follows．3）The reason for this is obvious．4）The reason for this is not far to seek．5）The reason for this is that．．．6）We have good reason to believe that．．．例如：There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life．Firstly，people’s living standard has been greatly improved．Secondly，most people are well paid， and they can afford what they need or like．Last but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life．注：如考生写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。如：Great changes have taken place in our life． There are three reasons for this．这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。2．表示好处1）It has the following advantages．2）It does us a lot of good．3）It benefits us quite a lot．4）It is beneficial to us．5）It is of great benefit to us．例如：Books are like friends．They can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizons．Therefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us．3．表示坏处1）It has more disadvantages than advantages．2）It does us much harm．3）It is harmful to us．例如：However，everything divides into two．Television can also be harmful to us．It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television．4．表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能1）It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient， possible）for sb．to do sth．2）We think it necessary to do sth．3）It plays an important role in our life．例如：Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in business．Soon， computers will be found in every home，too．We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age．5．表示措施1）We should take some effective measures．2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties．3）We should do our utmost in doing sth．4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with．例如：The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious．Therefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it．6．表示变化1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years．2）A great change will certainly be produced in the world’s communications．3）The computer has brought about many changes in education．例如：Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in the past five years．The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek．Nowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins．7．表示事实、现状1）We cannot ignore the fact that．．．2）No one can deny the fact that．．．3）There is no denying the fact that．．．4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in．5）However，that’s not the case．例如：We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollution．To solve these problems， we can start by educating the public about the hazards of pollution．The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment．8．表示比较1）Compared with A，B．．．2）I prefer to read rather than watch TV．3）There is a striking contrast between them．例如：Compared with cars，bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable．Firstly，they do not consume natural resources of petroleum．Secondly，they do not cause the pollution problem．Last but not least，they contribute to people’s health by giving them due physical exercise．9．表示数量1）It has increased（decreased）from．．．to．．．2）The population in this city has now increased （decreased）to 800，000．3）The output of July in this factory increased by 15％ compared with that of January．例如：With the improvement of the living standard，the proportion of people’s income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased．再如：From the graph listed above，it can be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000．10．表示看法1）People have（take，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards sth．2）People have different opinions on this problem．3）People take different views of（on）the question．4）Some people believe that．．．Others argue that．．．例如：People have different attitudes towards failure．Some believe that failure leads to success．Every failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavor．However， others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category of losers．再如：Do “lucky numbers really bring good luck？Different people have different views on it．注：一个段落有时很适宜以问句开始，考生应掌握这一写作方法。11．表示结论1）In short，it can be said that ．．．2）It may be briefly summed up as follows．3）From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that ．．．例如：From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that examination is necessary，however， its method should be improved．注：例句1可用于任何一个段落的结论句；例句3则多用文章结论段的第一句。12．套语1）It’s well known to us that ．．．2）As is known to us，．．．3）This is a topic that is being widely talked about．4）From the graph（table，chart）listed above，it can be seen that ．．．5）As a proverb says，“Where there is a will，there is a way．例如：As is well known to us，it is important for the students to know the world outside campus．The reason for this is obvious．Nowadays，the society is changing and developing rapidly，and the campus is no longer an “ivory tower ．As college students，we must get in touch with the world outside the campus．Only in this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate．再如：Does it pay to be honest？This is a topic that is being widely talked about and different people have different opinions on it．

引用数据（图表、表格）：常用的动词：show， present， illustrate， summarize， demonstrate， contain， provide， list， report， give， reveal， display， indicate， suggest， describe， …as从句：As shown in…/As can be seen in…/As revealed by…引用/简述他人的研究/观点：XXX + V + /that…其中Verb可以为：state， claim， argue， maintain， suggest， assert， hypothesize， conclude， describe， develop， propose， find， show， report， use， study， demonstrate， note， discuss， observe， explain， expand， publish， give， examine， analyze， focus， presume， speculate， assume， support， theorize， contend， recommend其它：Based on…/In the view of…/According to…表达可能性：It is certain that …It is almost certain that …It is very probable/ highly likely that …It is probable/likely that …It is possible that …It is unlikely that …It is very/highly unlikely that …用于表达可能性的另一种途径：There is a definite possibility that …There is a strong possibility that …There is a good possibility that …There is a slight possibility that …There is little possibility that …

留学生要想写出好的英文论文，最好是参照以下几个标准：1、立体客观，具有独创性。文章的基本观点必须来自具体材料的分析和研究中，所提出的问题在本专业学科领域内有一定的理论意义或实际意义，并通过独立研究，运用自己的知识、能力和见识提出了自己一定的认知和看法。2、论据翔实，富有确证性。论文能够做到旁征博引，多方佐证，所用论据自己持何看法，有主证和旁证。论文中所用的材料可以使电子图书馆下载的核心期刊论文，可以是名家的专业著作，可以是自己留学期间发现并积累的东西，也可以跟导师交流；同时要做到言必有据，准确可靠，精确无误。3、论证严密，富有逻辑性。留学生提出问题、分析问题和解决问题，要符合客观事物的发展规律，全篇论文形成一个有机的整体，使判断与推理言之有序，天衣无缝。4、体式明确，标注规范。论文必须以论点的形成构成全文的结构格局，以多方论证的内容组成文章丰满的整体，以较深的理论分析辉映全篇。此外，论文的整体结构和标注要求规范得体。5、语言准确、表达简明。论文最基本的要求是读者能看懂。因此，要求文章想的清，说的明，想的深，说的透，做到深入浅出，言简意赅。

英文论文写作常用句式和词汇有哪些类型

句型英语作文常用句型一、用于驳性和比较性论文 In general， I don’t agree In my opinion， this point of view doesn’t hold The chief reason why… is that…There is no true that… It is not true that… It can be easily denied than… We have no reason to believe that… What is more serious is that… But it is pity that… Besides， we should not neglect that… But the problem is not so Therefore… Others may find this to be true， but I believer that… Perhaps I was question why… There is a certain amount of truth in this， but we still have a problem with regard to… Though we are in basic agreement with…， What seems to be the trouble is… Yet differences will be found， that’s why I feel that… It would be reasonable to take the view that …， but it would be foolish to claim that… There is in fact on reason for us so believe that… What these people fail to consider is that… It is one thing to insist that… ， it is quite another to show that … Wonderful as A is ， however， it has its own disadvantages The advantages of B are much greater than A A’s advantage sounds ridiculous when B’s advantages are taken into 二、用于描写图表和数据 It has increased by three times as compared with that of There is an increase of 20% in total this It has been increased by a factor of 4since It would be expected to increase 5 The table shows a three times increase over that of last It was decreased twice than that of the year The total number was lowered by 10% It rose from 10-15 percent of the total this Compared with 1997， it fell from 15 to 10 The number is 5 times as much as that of It has decreased almost two and half times， compared with…三、用于解释性和阐述性论说文Everybody knows that…It can be easily proved that… It is true that… No one can deny One thing which is equally important to the above mentioned is… The chief reason is that… We must recognize that… There is on doubt that… I am of the opinion that… This can be expressed as follows; To take …for an example… We have reason to believe Now that we know that… Among the most convincing reasons given， one should be mentioned… The change in …largely results from the fact There are several causes for this significant growth in…，first …，second …，finally… A number of factors could account for the development in… Perhaps the primary reason is… It is chiefly responsible of… The reasons for…are complicated， And probably they are found in the fact… Here are several possible reasons， excerpt that… Somebody believes/argues/holds/insists/thinks that… It is not simple to give the reason for this complicated phenomenon… Different people observes it in different 四、用于文章的开头 As the proverb says… It goes without saying tan… Generally speaking… It is quite clear than because… It is often said that … Many people often ask such question:“…?” More and more people have come to realize… There is no doubt that… Some people believe that… These days we are often told that， but is this really the case? One great man said that… Recently the issue of… has been brought to public In the past several years there has been… Now it is commonly held that… but I doubt whether… Currently there is a widespread concern that… Now people in growing number are coming to realize that… There is a general discussion today about the issue of … Faced with…， quite a few people argue that…， but other people conceive [英语作文常用句型]在英语写作中，有一些句型的搭配能力非常强，基本上可以用在各种话题的议论文中，如果能将这些句型掌握并熟练应用一定会使你的英文写作得心应手想不想试一试呢?一、开头句型我们常说，良好的开端等于成功的一半做事如此，作文也是如此所以我们颇有必要在作文的开头花一番心思在写议论文时，你通常以什么样的方式开头呢?最简单也最常用的可能就是开门见山法也就是说———直截了当地提出你对这个问题的观点，点出文章的中心思想I．．．．has both advantages and disadvantages．……既有利又有弊例如：1．Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages．2．Living in a city has both advantages and disadvantages．3．Com pared with cars，bikes have their advantages and disadvantages．举一反三：1．Although computers bring people a lot of convenience，they have many disadvantages．2．．．．has many advantages．For example，．．．However，just as every coin has two sides，．．．has its disadvantages．（本例将利弊分开讲，转折过渡自然just as every coin has two sides也很值得背诵）II．．．．play（s）an important role ／part in．．．……在……中扮演重要角色／起重要作用例如：1．Computers play an important role in science and technology．2．Computers play a more and more important role in our life．Computers play an increasingly important role in our studies．3．Education plays an important part in developing our mind．4．Addiction to alcohol and drugs play a role in homelessness．举一反三：1．Advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life．2．In the past，letters played a decisive role in long-distance communication．But now ，telephone，email，fax have taken their place．III．With the development of．．．，随着……的发展，例如：1．With the developm ent of our econo- m y，m any Chinese fam ilies can afford a car．2．With the development of our economy and society，pollution is more and more serious．3．With the rapid development of science and technology，people can get a college degree by taking online-courses at home．4．With the current social and technological developments，employees with more knowledge and higher academic degrees are needed．举一反三：1．With the rapid increase of China's population，housing problem is becoming more and more serious．随着中国人口的急剧增加，住房问题越来越突出2．With more and more women entering society，people's attitude towards women is changing．随着越来越多的妇女走入社会，人们对妇女的态度也在改变3．With the deepening of Chinese reform and opening up，an increasing number of Chinesefamilies can afford a car．随着中国改革开放的深入，越来越多的中国家庭买得起车了（“越来越多”除了常用的more and more外，还可以用an increasing number of， a growing number of，a significant number of，a great number of等来表达）本结构看似固定，实则富于变化，只要记住with有“随着”的意思，相信大家可以根据实际的需要造出更多的句子我们已经看到，开门见山的开头使论文直切主题，直白明确地提出了论点不过在讨论某些有争议性的问题时，就显得有欠缺，因为我们必须在文章的开头引出人们对要讨论的问题的不同看法，然后再表明自己的观点下面就是专门针对争议性论文的一种句型IV．When it comes to．．．，some people think ／believe that．．．，others argue ／claim that opposite ／reverse is true．There is probably some truth in both arguments ／statements，but．．．当说到……，有些人认为……，但另一些人则持相反的观点……这两种观点可能都有点道理，但……本结构先用when it comes to ．．．引出话题，再用some．．．others ．．．这个对立的结构引出了两种相反的观点，然后说There is some truth in both．．．表明严谨公正的态度，最后用but．．．很自然地引出了自己的论点请看下面这个例子：TV，a good thing or bad thingWhen it comes to TV，some people believe that it is extremely valuable，as it provides relaxation， entertainment and education． Others argue that it is harmful for it begins to control our lives and deprives people of time to do other activities．There is probably some truth in both sides．But we must realize that television itself is neither good or bad．It is the uses to which it is put that determines its value to society．二、结尾句型英语议论文多以简要总结全文或对所讨论的问题提出解决办法来结尾总结全文时除常用到in one ／a word，generally speaking等外，没有固定模式提出解决办法时却常使用下一句型V．．．．take measures to do sth．例如：1．We should take measures to control pollution in order to save the world．2．We'd better take effective measures to prevent students from cheating on exams．3．The government decided to take strong measures against drug abuse．4．Urgent measures should be taken to prevent terrorists from carrying out further attacks．本文列举了英语作文中常用的几个句型，当然不是要大家写出千篇一律的文章来，而是希望起到一种抛砖引玉的作用，提醒大家在学习中注意多总结，以使自己的写作水平更上一层楼单词和短语moreover(另外）， meanwhile（同时）， at the same time（同时） in the other words（换句话说）， in a word（总之）， in my opinion（在我看来）， besides（另外）， firstly（第一）， secondly（第二）， thirdly（第三），however（然而）although/though(虽然）but（但是）because（因为）这些是比较常用的简单一些关联词I am looking forward to hearing from （盼望收到你的来信）I am looking forward to your （盼望你的到来）first，firstly， to begin with， further， in the first place second，secondly， to start with， still， furthermore third，thirdly， what is more， last， last but not least also， and then， next， besides and equally important too moreover besides ，in addtion ，finally

补充说明：in addition议论文：as each coin has two sides，…… on one hand，……on the other hand ，…… 就我而言：as far as i concern Many man ，many opinions such as for the time being 暂时 in a word 总之I would rather do 我宁愿In the long trem 从长远看as is know to =what is konwn to sb is that=It is known to is that ……正如某人所知道的It is time that should do 是某人做某事的时候了 as follows 如

定语从句，宾语从句。应该就可以了哈。要注意通篇时态要一致。否则会被扣得很惨。

英语作文常用的是开头语：Hello，everyone!要想表达步骤的话，可以用first、next、then、finaly来表示。用来表示过渡的话可以用连词来表示：but、notonly…butalso、either…nor等。用来总结的句子可以是：LI

英文论文写作常用句式和词汇总结

以下是短文写作中使用率最高、覆盖面最广的基本句式，每组句式的功能相同或相似，考生可根据自己的情况选择其中的1－2个，做到能够熟练正确地仿写或套用。 1．表示原因 1）There are three reasons for this． 2）The reasons for this are as follows． 3）The reason for this is obvious． 4）The reason for this is not far to seek． 5）The reason for this is that．．． 6）We have good reason to believe that．．．例如： There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life．Firstly，people’s living standard has been greatly improved．Secondly，most people are well paid， and they can afford what they need or like．Last but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life．注：如考生写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。如：Great changes have taken place in our life． There are three reasons for this．这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。 2．表示好处 1）It has the following advantages． 2）It does us a lot of good． 3）It benefits us quite a lot． 4）It is beneficial to us． 5）It is of great benefit to us．例如： Books are like friends．They can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizons．Therefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us． 3．表示坏处 1）It has more disadvantages than advantages． 2）It does us much harm． 3）It is harmful to us．例如： However，everything divides into two．Television can also be harmful to us．It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television． 4．表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能 1）It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient， possible）for sb．to do sth． 2）We think it necessary to do sth． 3）It plays an important role in our life．例如： Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in business．Soon， computers will be found in every home，too．We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age． 5．表示措施 1）We should take some effective measures． 2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties． 3）We should do our utmost in doing sth． 4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with．例如： The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious．Therefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it． 6．表示变化 1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years． 2）A great change will certainly be produced in the world’s communications． 3）The computer has brought about many changes in education．例如： Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in the past five years．The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek．Nowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins． 7．表示事实、现状 1）We cannot ignore the fact that．．． 2）No one can deny the fact that．．． 3）There is no denying the fact that．．． 4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in． 5）However，that’s not the case．例如： We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollution．To solve these problems， we can start by educating the public about the hazards of pollution．The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment． 8．表示比较 1）Compared with A，B．．． 2）I prefer to read rather than watch TV． 3）There is a striking contrast between them．例如： Compared with cars，bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable．Firstly，they do not consume natural resources of petroleum．Secondly，they do not cause the pollution problem．Last but not least，they contribute to people’s health by giving them due physical exercise． 9．表示数量 1）It has increased（decreased）from．．．to．．． 2）The population in this city has now increased （decreased）to 800，000． 3）The output of July in this factory increased by 15％ compared with that of January．例如： With the improvement of the living standard，the proportion of people’s income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased．再如： From the graph listed above，it can be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000． 10．表示看法 1）People have（take，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards sth． 2）People have different opinions on this problem． 3）People take different views of（on）the question． 4）Some people believe that．．．Others argue that．．．例如： People have different attitudes towards failure．Some believe that failure leads to success． Every failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavor．However， others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category of losers．再如： Do “lucky numbers really bring good luck？Different people have different views on it．注：一个段落有时很适宜以问句开始，考生应掌握这一写作方法。 11．表示结论 1）In short，it can be said that ．．． 2）It may be briefly summed up as follows． 3）From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that ．．．例如： From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that examination is necessary，however， its method should be improved．注：例句1可用于任何一个段落的结论句；例句3则多用文章结论段的第一句。 12．套语 1）It’s well known to us that ．．． 2）As is known to us，．．． 3）This is a topic that is being widely talked about． 4）From the graph（table，chart）listed above，it can be seen that ．．． 5）As a proverb says，“Where there is a will，there is a way．例如： As is well known to us，it is important for the students to know the world outside campus． The reason for this is obvious．Nowadays，the society is changing and developing rapidly，and the campus is no longer an “ivory tower ．As college students，we must get in touch with the world outside the campus．Only in this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate．再如： Does it pay to be honest？This is a topic that is being widely talked about and different people have different opinions on it．

一、根据衔接词本身在文章中起到的作用，主要分为以下四类，即“起”、“承”、“转”、“合”。（一）表示“起”的词/词组：用于开篇引出扩展句。at first 最初 for one thing…（for another）at present 现在；当今首先…（其次）…currently 目前；最后 recently　最近first（ly）第一 in general 一般说来in the beginning 起初 one the one hand…（on the other hand）to begin with 首先；第一一方面…（另一方面）first of all 首先；第一 generally speaking 一般地说in the first place 首先；第一 on the whole 总起来说lately 最近 to start with 首先；第一presently 现在；此刻 now 现在（二）有关“承”的常用词语：用来承接上文。after/after that/afterwards此后 by this time 此时after a few days 几天以后 certainly 无疑地；当然地after a while过了一会儿 therefore 因此；结果also/too 并且；又 for example 例如at the same time 同时 for instance 例如beside 此外 for this purpose 为了这个目的Besides/what，s more 而且；此外 from now on 从此in addition 此外 second 第二；第二点in addition to… 除…之外 secondly 第二in fact 事实上 similarly 同样地in other words 换句话说 so 所以in particular 特别（地） soon 不久in the same way 同样地 still 仍然by the way 顺便提一句 then 然后indeed 的确 third 第三；第三点meanwhile 与此同时 thirdly 第三moreover 而且，此外 for another 其次no doubt 无疑地 such as 正如obviously 明显地 later 后来of course当然 truly 事实上；真实地particularly特别地 unlike …不像……；和……不同what is more 而且；此外（三）有关“转”的常用词语：用来表示不同或相反的意见。after all 毕竟 fortunately 幸运地all the same 依然；照样 however 然而；无论如何anyway 无论如何 in spite of 尽管……；虽然……at the same time同时；然而 luckily 幸运地but 但是 by this time 此时though/although 尽管 no doubt 无疑地in/by contrast 对比之下 on the contrary 相反地even though即使 otherwise 否则still 仍然 unfortunately 不幸地in fact 事实上 unlike 不像……；和……不同as a matter of fact 事实上 yet仍；然而；但是especially 特别地（四）有关“合”的常用词语：用于小结上文或结束本段落的内容。above all 最重要的是 accordingly 于是as a result结果 in sum 总之，简而言之as has been noted 如前所述 in summary 简要地说as I have said 如我所述 on the whole 总体来说；整个看来at last 最后 therefore 因此by and large 一般说来 thus 因此briefly 简单扼要地 to speak frankly 坦白地说by doing so 如此 to sum up 总而言之eventually 最后 surely 无疑finally 最后 to conclude 总而言之in brief 简言之 no doubt 毫无疑问in conclusion 总之，最后 undoubtedly 无疑in short 简而言之 truly 的确in a word 总之 so 所以certainly 当然地；无疑地 obviously 显然all in all 总之二、根据衔接词本身的意思和文章连接所需要的逻辑意义，可分为以下14类。（一）表示因果关系as a result He never studied hard， and as a result he failed in the last as a result of He is late for work as a result of traffic accordinglyHe wanted to buy a radio for study English， and accordingly her mother bought it for because（of）We are delayed because of a traffic due toHis success is due to his excellent wing to Owing to his absence， our meeting is not hanks toThanks to a good teacher， she passed the w thatNow that you have grown up， you must earn for so long as You could realize your dream so long as you try it again and sinceSince you are here now， you，d better give a in thatThe policy is harmful in that it may encourage people to give so thatThe office speaks at the top of his voice so that every soldier could hear hereforeThere is a calculating mistakes there， therefore， the answer is （二）表示解释关系as a matter of factI will go there this morning， as a matter of fact， I am only 10 minutes， drive from as well I will go My friend will go with me as frankly speakingFrankly speaking， I am not very satisfactory with your in this caseIn this case， I will go there as soon as （三）表示推理关系or elseHurry up， or else you，ll be herwiseYou must carry this passport， otherwise you will be stopped by the if soIf so， it will make a great （四）表示递进关系in additionI need your In addition， I also need her besidesFirst， we must work Besides， we must work with a creative and moreoverThe hat is the right size for you， and moreover， it goes well with your hat is to sayThe stock price is declining， that is to say， I am losing in other wordsI am not hungry， in other words， I really dislike the food in this qually importantYou should read more news from newspapers， and equally important， keep an eye on the news from the what，s moreIt is harmful to my health， and what，s more， it is no good to my last but not leastLast but bot least， my thanks should go to every member of my （五）表示比较关系equallyAs a teacher， I should teach well， but equally， I should study in the same wayIt is such a coincidence that we figure it out in the same in contrast to In contrast to your belief， I quite disagree with insteadIf you don’t go， I，ll go the contraryYou thought I like On the contrary， I dislike in contrastIt is hot in the daytime， but in contrast it，s very cold at whileWe are happy in China， while most Africans live

常用句型：开头： When it comes to ， some think There is a public debate today that A is a commen way of ， but is it a wise one? Recentaly the problem has been brought into 提出观点： Now there is a growing awareness It is time we explore the truth of Nowhere in history has the issue been more 进一步提出观点： but that is only part of the Another equally important aspect is A is but one of the many Another is 提出假想例子的方式： Suppose Just imagine what would be like It is reasonable to It is not surprising 举普通例子： For example(instance)， such as A，B，C and so on (so forth) A good case in point 引用： One of the greatest early writers said "Knowledge is power"， such is the remard of "" That is how sb comment ( criticize/ ) "" How often we hear such words like 讲故事：（先说故事主体），this story is not ， such delimma we often meet in daily ， the story still has a realistic 提出原因： There are many reasons for Why ， for one thing， The answer to this problem involves many Any discussion about this problem would inevitably involves The first reason can be obiviously Most people would agree 进行对比： The advantages for A for outweigh the disadvantages Although A enjoys a distinct advantage Indeed ， A carries much weight than B when sth is A maybe ， but it suffers from the disadvantage 承上启下： To understand the truth of ， it is also important to A study of will make this point clear 让步： Certainly， B has its own advantages， such I do not deny that A has its own 结尾： From what has been discussed above， we may safely draw the conclusion that In summary， it is wiser In 一．开头用语：良好的开端等于成功的一半．在写作文时，通常以最简单也最常用的方式---开门见山法。也就是说，直截了当地提出你对这个问题的看法或要求，点出文章的中心思想。 1．议论论文： A Just as every coin has two sides， cars have both advantages and disadvantages． B Compared to/ In comparison with letters， e-mails are more C When it comes to computers， some people think they have brought us a lot of However， D Opinions are divided on the advantages and disadvantages of living in the city and in the 书信： A I am writing to you to apply for admission to your university as a visiting B I read an advertisement in today’s China Daily and I apply for the C Thank you for your letter of May 二．并列用语： as well as， not only…but (also)， including， A Not only do computers play an important part in science and technology， but also play an informative role in our daily B All of us， including the teachers / the teachers included， will attend the C He speaks French as well as E=He speaks English， and French as =He speaks not only English but also F D E-mail， as well as telephones， is playing an important part in daily 三．对比用语： on one hand ，on the other hand， on the contrary/contrary to ， though， for one thing ;for another， nevertheless A I know the Internet can only be used at home or in the office， but on the other hand， it is becoming more and more popular for much information as well as clear and vivid B It is hard work; I enjoy it C Contrary to what I had originally thought， the trip turned out to be 四递进用语： even， besides， what’s more， as for， so…that…， worse still， moreover， furthermore; but for， in addition， to make matters worse A The house is too small for a family of four， and furthermore/besides/what’s more/moreover /in addition/worse still ， it is in a bad 五例证用语： in one’s opinion， that is to say， for example， for instance， as a matter of fact， in fact， namely A As a matter of fact， advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life． B There is one more topic to discuss， namely/that is ( to say )， the question of 六时序用语： first/firstly， meanwhile， before long， ever since， while， at the same time， in the meantime， shortly after， nowadays， A They will be here Meanwhile， let’s have B Firstly， let me deal with the most important 七强调用语： especially， indeed， at least， at the most， What in the world/on ， not at all ， A Noise is unpleasant， especially when you are trying to B What in the world/on earth are you doing? 八因果用语： thanks to， because， as a result， because of/as a result of ， without， with the help ， owe A The company has a successful year， thanks mainly to the improvement in export B As a result， many of us succeeded in passing the College Entrance E 九总结用语： in short; briefly/ in brief ; generally speaking， in a word， as you know， as is known to all A Generally speaking， sending an e-mail is more convenient than sending B In short， measures must be taken to prevent the environment being 常用句型（一）段首句关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为…… There are different opinions among people as to……Some people suggest that …… 俗话说（常言道）……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。 There is an old saying……It's the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even 现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……；其次，……。更为糟糕的是……。 Today， …… which have brought a lot of harms in our daily First， …… Second，……What makes things worse is that…… 现在，……很普遍，许多人喜欢……，因为……，另外（而且）……。 Nowadays，it is common to …… Many people like …… because …… Besides，…… 任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。 Everything has two sides and …… is not an exception，it has both advantages and 关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为（说）……，在他们看来，…… People’s opinions about …… vary from person to Some people say that ……To them，…… 人类正面临着一个严重的问题……，这个问题变得越来越严重。 Man is now facing a big problem …… which is becoming more and more ……已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。 ……has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their ……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。 ……has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as 根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出……。很显然……，但是为什么呢？ According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it can be seen that…… Obviously，……but why? （二）中间段落句相反，有一些人赞成……，他们相信……，而且，他们认为……。 On the contrary，there are some people in favor of……t the same time，they say…… 但是，我认为这不是解决……的好方法，比如……。最糟糕的是……。 But I don't think it is a very good way to solve ……For example，……Worst of all，…… ……对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，（也是）非常重要的。首先，……。而且……，最重要的是…… ……is necessary and important to our country's development and First，……What's more， ……Most important of all，…… 有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先，我们可以……。 There are several measures for us to First， we can…… 面临……，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来……。一方面……，另一方面， Confronted with……we should take a series of effective measures to…… For one thing，For another，早就应该拿出行动了。比如说……，另外……。所有这些方法肯定会……。 It is high time that something was done about For ……In ……All these measures will certainly…… 为什么……？第一个原因是……；第二个原因是……；第三个原因是……。总的来说，……的主要原因是由于…… Why…… The first reason is that ……The second reason is ……The third is……For all this， the main cause of ……use to …… 然而，正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样，……也有它的不利的一面，象……。 However， just like everything has both its good and bad sides， ……also has its own disadvantages， such as …… 尽管如此，我相信……更有利。 Nonetheless， I believe that ……is more 完全同意……这种观点（陈述），主要理由如下： I fully agree with the statement that ……because……

英文论文写作常用句式和词汇的区别在哪

I 用于文章主题句英语作文常用句式（特别适合无话可说和同学！）　　不用说，… 　　It goes without saying that子句　　= (It is) needless to say (that)子句　　= It is obvious that子句　　= Obviously， S + V 　　例：不用说，早睡早起是值得的。　　It goes without saying that it pays to keep early 　　 …是不可能的；无法… 　　There is no Ving 　　= There is no way of V 　　= There is no possibility of V 　　= It is impossible to V 　　= It is out of the question to V 　　= No one can V 　　= We cannot V 　　例：不可否认的成功的事业关键在于健康的身心。　　There is not denying that successful business lies in a healthy body and 　　我深信… 　　I am greatly convinced (that)子句　　= I am greatly assured (that)子句　　例：我深信，预防胜于治疗。　　I am greatly convinced that prevention is better than 　　在各种…之中，… 　　Among various kinds of …， … 　　= Of all the …， … 　　例：在各种运动中我尤其喜欢慢跑。　　Among various kinds of sports， I like jogging in 　　 …是很容易证明的。　　It can be easily proved (that)子句　　例：时间最珍贵是很容易证明的。　　It can be easily proved that nothing is more precious than 　　 …无论如何强调都不为过　　… cannot be overemphasized 　　例：交通安全的重要性无论如何强调都不为过。　　The importance of traffic safety cannot be 　　就我的看法，…；我认为… 　　In my opinion， … 　　= To my mind， … 　　= As far as I am concerned， … 　　= I am of the opinion that子句　　例：就我的看法打电动玩具既耗费时间也有害健康。　　In my opinion， playing video games not only takes much time but is also harmful to 　　 (A) 每个人都知道… 　　Everyone knows (that)子句　　(B) 就我所知，… 　　As far as my knowledge is concerned， … 　　例：就我所知，下列方法对我帮助很大。　　As far as my knowledge is concerned， the following ways are of great help to 　　毫无疑问地，… 　　There is no doubt (that)子句　　例：毫无疑问地，近视在我国的年轻人中是一个严重的问题。　　There is no doubt that near-sightedness is a serious problem among the youth of our 　　根据我个人经验，… 　　According to my personal experience， … 　　= Based on my personal experience， … 　　例：根据我个人经验微笑已带给我许多好处。　　According to my personal experience， smile has done me a lot of 　　在我认识的人当中也许没有一个人比…更值得我尊敬。　　Of all the people I know， perhaps non deserves my respect more than … 　　例：在我认识的人当中，也许没有一个人比我的英文老师张老师更值得我尊敬。　　Of all the people I know， perhaps non deserves my respect more than Miss Chang， my English 　　在我的求学过程中我忘不了… 　　In the course of my I will never forget … 　　例：在我的求学过程中，我忘不了学习英文所遭到的大困难。　　In the course of my I will never forget the great difficulty I encountered in learning E 　　 (A) 随着人口的增加，… With the increase/growth of the population， … 　　(B) 随着科技的进步， … With the advance of science and technology， …

· 作者姓名和单位(Author and department)这一项属于论文署名问题。署名一是为了表明文责自负，二是记录作用的劳动成果，三是便于读者与作者的联系及文献检索(作者索引)。大致分为二种情形，即：单个作者论文和多作者论文。后者按署名顺序列为第一作者、第二作者……。重要的是坚持实事求是的态度，对研究工作与论文撰写实际贡献最大的列为第一作者，贡献次之的，列为第二作者，余类推。注明作者所在单位同样是为了便于读者与作者的联系。　(三)摘要(Abstract)　论文一般应有摘要，有些为了国际交流，还有外文(多用英文)摘要。它是论文内容不加注释和评论的简短陈述。其他用是不阅读论文全文即能获得必要的信息。摘要应包含以下内容：　①从事这一研究的目的和重要性; 　②研究的主要内容，指明完成了哪些工作; 　③获得的基本结论和研究成果，突出论文的新见解; 　④结论或结果的意义。· 关键词(Key words)关键词属于主题词中的一类。主题词除关键词外，还包含有单元词、标题词的叙词。　主题词是用来描述文献资料主题和给出检索文献资料的一种新型的情报检索语言词汇，正是由于它的出现和发展，才使得情报检索计算机化(计算机检索)成为可能。主题词是指以概念的特性关系来区分事物，用自然语言来表达，并且具有组配功能，用以准确显示词与词之间的语义概念关系的动态性的词或词组。　关键词是标示文献关建主题内容，但未经规范处理的主题词。关键词是为了文献标引工作，从论文中选取出来，用以表示全文主要内容信息款目的单词或术语。一篇论文可选取3~8个词作为关键词。关键词或主题词的一般选择方法是由作者在完成论文写作后，纵观全文，先出能表示论文主要内容的信息或词汇，这些住处或词江，可以从论文标题中去找和选，也可以从论文内容中去找和选。例如上例，关键词选用了6个，其中前三个就是从论文标题中选出的，而后三个却是从论文内容中选取出来的。后三个关键词的选取，补充了论文标题所未能表示出的主要内容信息，也提高了所涉及的概念深度。需要选出，与从标题中选出的关键词一道，组成该论文的关键词组。关键词与主题词的运用，主要是为了适应计算机检索的需要，以及适应国际计算机联机检索的需要。一个刊物增加“关键词”这一项，就为该刊物提高“引用率”、增加“知名度”开辟了一个新的途径。(五)引言(Introduction)引言又称前言，属于整篇论文的引论部分。其写作内容包括：研究的理由、目的、背景、前人的工作和知识空白，理论依据和实验基础，预期的结果及其在相关领域里的地位、作用和意义。引言的文字不可冗长，内容选择不必过于分散、琐碎，措词要精炼，要吸引读者读下去。引言的篇幅大小，并无硬性的统一规定，需视整篇论文篇幅的大小及论文内容的需要来确定，长的可达700~800字或1000字左右，短的可不到100字。

first of all，I am concerned that，at last but not least ，some people think he others argue ，every coin has its two sides

连词，句式，名言，高级词汇 and but however frankly anyway with recently what's more in my opinion what let There is no doubt As far as i knowaccording as the good saying goes: all roads lead to R/

英文论文写作常用句式和词汇的区别

英语写作中的常用句型汇总-113491-1-html第一部分常用于引言段的句型的2类表达方式一、议论文常用句型 Itisafactthat… Itiswell-knownthat… Thereisnodoubtthat… Ithinkthat… Contrarytothepopularthought，Iprefer… Somepeoplesay/believe/claimthat… Itisgenerallybelievedthat… Itiswidelyacceptedthat… Itisargued/heldthat… Whileitiscommonlybelievedthat…，Ibelieve… Itcanbeconcludedthat… People’