写中文论文常用高级词汇表格有哪些

一、家国二、时代发展三、科技四、榜样五、目标一、家国热血丹心：比喻一片热血，丹心报国。忠君报国：忠诚君主，竭尽全力报效国家。国而忘家：谓为国事而忘其家。肝胆昆仑：比喻赤诚待人。化用谭嗣同《狱中题壁》：我自横刀向天笑，去留肝胆两昆仑。楚囊之情：《左传·襄公十四年》：“楚子囊还自伐吴，卒。将死，遗言谓子庚：‘必城郢！’君子谓子囊忠……将死，不忘卫社稷，可不谓忠乎！”后因以“楚囊之情”谓爱国之情。相忍为国：为了国家的利益而作一定的让步。赤心报国：赤：火红色，比喻真纯；赤心：忠心；报国：为国家效劳。旧指为帝王尽忠效劳。现亦形容赤胆忠心，为国效力。万里长征：征：远行。上万里路的远行。形容极遥远的征程。秦时明月：秦朝时候的明月，可用以增强作文韵味。出自王昌龄《出塞曲》：秦时明月汉时关，万里长征人未还。红日初升：形容朝气蓬勃。出自梁启超《少年中国说》：红日初升，其道大光。二、时代发展时移世易：时代变迁，世事也不一样。时异事殊：时代不同，世事（和以前）也不一样。星移物换：景物改变，星辰移动，比喻时间的变化，也形容时序和世事的变化。江山如旧：风景（环境）还是没有变，但物是人非，人变了，心境变了。常用来感叹世事的变迁。摧枯拉朽：摧折枯朽的草木。形容轻而易举。也比喻摧毁腐朽势力的强大气势。方兴未艾：方：正在；兴：兴起；艾：停止。事物正在发展，尚未达到止境。风起云涌：比喻许多事物迅速发展，声势浩大。也形容雄浑磅礴之势。六合时邕：六合：指上下和东西南北，泛指天下;邕:和睦。指天下和睦。岁月如流：形容时光流逝得非常快，如流水一般。星燧（suì）贸迁：燧：火镜，古代的取火器；贸：交易。比喻岁月变迁。三、科技另开生面：另外创造新的形式或开创新的局面。自我作故：由我创新，不循旧法。蹈袭前人：蹈袭：因袭，沿用。因袭前人，缺乏创新。筚路蓝缕：形容开创新事业的艰难。革故鼎新：指去除旧的，建立新的；革除旧弊，创立新制。多指改朝换代或施政有重大变革等。标新立异：提出新奇的主张，表示与众百不同。别出心裁：另有一种构思或设计。指想出的办法与众不同。独树一帜：树：立；帜：旗帜。单独树起一面旗帜。比喻独特新奇，自成一家。冲云破雾：冲破云层，突破迷雾。比喻突破重重障碍和困难。拔丁抽楔（xiē）：拔出钉子，抽掉楔子。比喻解除困难。四、榜样抗颜为师：抗颜：不看别人脸色，态度严正不屈。为师：为人师表。不为他人所制约，不为潮流所左右，这种意志坚定的人可以作为学习的榜样。抗心希古：抗：通“亢”，高尚；抗心：使志向高尚；希：期望。使自己志节高尚，以古代的贤人为榜样。博古通今：通：通晓；博：广博，知道得多。对古代的事知道得很多，并且通晓现代的事情。形容知识丰富。恪守不渝：严格遵守，决不改变。慈祥和煦：形容人面善亲切，这里用作形容榜样的外貌。虚怀若谷：虚：谦虚；谷：山谷。胸怀像山谷一样深广。形容十分谦虚，能容纳别人的意见。肝胆相照：肝胆：比喻真心诚意、以真心相见、互相坦诚交往共事。从谏如流：听从直言规劝，像水从高处流下一样顺畅。形容乐意接受别人的批评意见。气冲斗牛：牛：牵牛星。斗：北斗星。指天空。原指宝剑的光气射入天际。后指气势很盛。亦作“气冲牛斗”。精神矍（jué）铄：指老人有精神，老而强健不失风采。五、目标矢志不渝：意志坚定，毫不动摇，表示永不变心。一心一德：大家一心一意，为共同目标而努力。抱负不凡：指有远大的志向，不同一般。风云之志：像风云那样雄大高远的志向。蹈厉之志：踏地猛烈。形容舞蹈的动作威武有力。比喻奋发向上的志向。鸿鹄之志：鸿鹄：天鹅，比喻志向远大的人；志：志向。比喻远大志向。宏图大志：指宏伟的计划，远大的志向。凌云之志：高入云霄的志气，形容远大的志向。志美行厉：指志向高远，又能砥砺操行。步月登云：步上月亮，攀登云霄。形容志向远大。

●表示比较和对照关系的句型：1) A is to B what/ as C is to D(A之于B犹如C之于D)2) Just ， 3) A and B have sth in 4) A is similar to B5) The same is true of，The same can be said of(……也是如此)6) The advantages of A are much greater than B7) compared with B， A has many 8) The advantages outweigh the disadvantages(利大于弊)9) Wonderful as A is， however， it has its own disadvantages 10) Although A enjoys considerable advantage ， it can not compete with B 11) Contrary to widely accepted views， I believe 12) What people fail to consider is 13) It is one thing to insist ， it is quite another to show 14) Nothing can rival…(……是无与伦比的)15) …has drawbacks as well as 16) A is superior(inferior) to B17) varies from person to person(……是因人而异的)18) A is just the opposite (to B) 19) A differs from B in that…(A不同于B在于……)20) …is not the same (as)●过渡性句型： 1) this is true 2) This is true， no doubt， 3) 4) It is one thing ; it is another ●描写图表和数据的句型1) rank first (both) 2) in proportion 3) A is by far the 4) As many 5) The number is imes as much as that of 6) The figure has nearly doubled/tripled， as against that of last 7) It accounts for 35% 8) By comparison with ， it decreased/increased/fell 9) ise rapidly(slowly)10) ain 11) ach 12)There is a slight/slow/steady/rapid rise/increase /////decrease/decline/reduction/fall/drop in13) be on the increase/decrease/rise/decline (……在不断的增加，减少，上升，下降)●图表作文中的过渡、概括句型：1) As can be indicated in the table， 2) As we could find out later， 3) As is revealed in the table，4) As the survey results show，5) This table provides several important points of comparison between，6) The two graphs depict the same thing in 7) The key findings taken from the surveys are as follows:8) According to the figures given in the table， 9) This chart shows that 10) As is shown by the graph， 11) It can be seen from the statistics that 12) It is generally believed /accepted/thought/held ●说明原因的句型:1) There are some/two/many good reasons /to 2) We have two good reasons 3) The reason for is that + 从句4) Among the most convincing reasons given by people ， one should be 5) One may think of the trend as a result 6) The change largely results from the fact 7) There are several causes for this significant growth F8) A number of factors could account for the 9) It is no simple task to give the reason for 10) The cause of /reason for higher prices was an increase in 11) Because/As/Now that/Since the demand has increased， the prices are 12) An increase in demand causes/results in/leads to/produces higher 13) The demand has 14) Therefore，/As a result，/For this reason，/Because of this，/Consequently， the prices are 15) If there is an increase in demand， then prices /go //are 16) Different people look in different ●表示不同看法的句型:1) Different people have/hold different opinions/views on the question/problem/ Some believe that ; Others argue that :Still others maintain that 2) They are quite different from each other in their 3) Some people hold the opinion that it is good to 4) They think quite differently on this 5) Opinions vary from individual to individual， from culture to ●表示必须，紧急，有困难做某事的句型:1) It is important (necessary， urgent， difficult， easy， convenient， comfortable， expensive， desirable， advisable) for to do 2) have trouble/difficulty/a hard time/a difficult time (in) doing (有困难做某事)●用于文章开头的句型：1) Faced ; quite a few people argue ; But other people conceive 2) There is a general discussion today about the issue ; Those who object argue that ;They believe ; But people who favor ， on the other hand， argue that 3) Currently there is a widespread concern 4) Now people in growing number are coming to realize 5) Now it is commonly held that ; they think ; But I doubt 6) Recently the issue has been brought to public 7) One of the great men once said Now more and more people share this 8) Until recently， has been regarded But people are taking a fresh look at 9) S argues/maintains /holds/insists/believes 10) More and more people are realizing /have come to 11) There is no denying/doubt that ●用于文章结尾的句型：1) From what has been discussed above/taking into account all these factors， we may safely arrive at/draw/come to/reach the conclusion that 2) It is high time that we put considerable/great/special emphasis on 3) We must look for all immediate method， because the present situation of ， if permitted to continue， will sure lead to/result 4) Many solutions/methods are being offered here， all of them make some sense， but none is quite The problem should be examined in a new 5) There is no immediate solution to the problem ， might be helpful/6) No easy method can be at hand to solve the problem of ， but the general awareness of the necessity/importance might be the first step on the right 7) There is little doubt/denying that 8) It is， therefore， obvious/evident that the task quire immediate 9) As far as be concerned， I believe/think that 10) In conclusion，11) In my opinion， I am in favor of 12) Personally， I prefer 13) In short， should learn ; Only in this way can the most difficult problems be solved 14) As far as I am concerned， I agree with the opinion ●用于论证和说明的句型：1) We may cite/quote/take a single/common example to 2) Our society abounds with the examples of 3) A recent study indicates/suggests/shows 4) According to the statistics provided ， it can be seen 5) There is good/sufficient evidence to show 6) This brings out/set forth the important fact that 7) No one can ignore/overlook the fact ●常用谚语 (在议论文中):1) As a popular saying goes， “Every coin has two sides” 2) As a proverb says， “Everything has two sides” On the one hand， physical exercise is good for your On the other hand， if you don t deal with it properly， it will do harm to your So we should look at the matter from two 3) As a proverb says， “Where there is a will there is a ” (有志者事竟成)4) As a popular saying goes， “A man is known by the company he ”(观其交友，知其为人)5) As is known to all， “No pains， no gains”(没有苦，就没有甜)

中国汉语水平考试分为六级分别是：HSK一级、HSK二级、HSK三级、HSK四级、HSK五级、HSK六级。 HSK（一级）主要面向按每周2-3课时进度学习汉语一个学期（半学年），掌握150个最常用词语和相关语法知识的考生。通过HSK（一级）的考生可以理解并使用一些非常简单的汉语词语和句子，满足具体的交际需求，具备进一步学习汉语的能力。 HSK（二级）主要面向按每周2-3课时进度学习汉语两个学期（一学年），掌握300个最常用词语和相关语法知识的考生。通过HSK（二级）的考生可以用汉语就熟悉的日常话题进行简单而直接的交流，达到初级汉语优等水平。 HSK（三级）主要面向按每周2-3课时进度学习汉语三个学期（一个半学年），掌握600个最常用词语和相关语法知识的考生。通过HSK（三级）的考生可以用汉语完成生活、学习、工作等方面的基本交际任务，在中国旅游时，可应对遇到的大部分交际任务。 HSK（四级）主要面向按每周2-4课时进度学习汉语四个学期（两学年），掌握1200个常用词语的考生。通过HSK（四级）的考生可以用汉语就较广泛领域的话题进行谈论，比较流利地与汉语为母语者进行交流。 HSK（五级）主要面向按每周2-4课时进度学习汉语两年以上，掌握2500个常用词语的考生。通过HSK（五级）的考生可以阅读汉语报刊杂志，欣赏汉语影视节目，用汉语进行较为完整的演讲。 HSK（六级）主要面向掌握5000及5000以上常用词语的考生。通过HSK（六级）的考生可以轻松地理解听到或读到的汉语信息，以口头或书面的形式用汉语流利地表达自己的见解。拓展资料汉语水平考试（简称HSK）为测试母语非汉语者（包括外国人、华侨和中国少数民族考生）的汉语水平而设立的一项国际汉语能力标准化考试。 HSK由北京语言大学汉语水平考试中心设计研制，包括基础汉语水平考试〔简写为HSK（基础）〕，初、中等汉语水平考试〔简写为HSK（初、中等）和高等汉语水平考试〔简写为HSK（高等）〕。 HSK每年定期在中国国内和海外举办，凡考试成绩达到规定标准者，可获得相应等级的《汉语水平证书》。中国教育部设立国家汉语水平考试委员会，该委员会全权领导汉语水平考试，并颁发汉语水平证书。

提供下面几个供你参考！①云昶对古风类名词有所了解的人应该会知道，“云”字在古风取名高频字中是非常唯美有气质的一个。云卷云舒，“云”字和生僻字“昶”在意境上有共通的地方，都有一种舒展和延伸的感觉，而高高在上，无法触摸的云彩又使这个古风名字有种不可侵犯又大气的高冷感，非常适合男生。②昶素与“云”字的辽阔和大气不同，“素”字更多体现出的是一种沉静淡薄之美，而且也更女性化，所以生僻字名字“昶素”更适合女生。“素”有质朴和本色之意，其中的清冷感和通透自然的气质不仅具有古风的飘逸之美，清冷中的高冷也给名字营造了一种圣洁的氛围。【昊】——可指天，也形容天之广大①昊文该名字与经典男生名字“浩文”读音一致，仅有一字之差，但正是生僻字“昊”的加入，使“浩文”这一平平无奇的名字化腐朽为神奇，不仅用“昊”字给名字增添了古风气质，而且代表着天空的“昊”给人之中无法企及的距离感，“昊文”因此成了一个高冷范十足的古风生僻字名字。②昊晴生僻字“昊”从“日”从“天”，从汉字的调性上来看，这是一个有距离感的汉字，高冷又灿烂，如果不自量力地靠近便有灼伤的风险。为了不让古风名字因高冷显得不近人情，“昊晴”用女生名字中常用的通俗字“晴”作为中和，使其高冷中又不失女生的柔美与活泼。

论文常用高级词汇有哪些

高中英语作文常用句型一．表达观点 What I’d like to point out is that… I’m generally convinced that… We have reasons/every reason to believe that… We can therefore come to the conclusion that… It goes without saying that… As far as I’m concerned， …二．描绘 According to the picture/chart， we can see/conclude that… As is clearly shown in the picture， … The number/amount of … will rise/show a tendency of… It accounts for… The advantages outweigh the Evidently it has both negative and positive People used to think…， but things are different There is a slight/slow/steady/rapid drop( rise， increase，decrease，fall) in demond (income，population，price) that… The figure (percentage， number，) has nearly (almost， more than，clearly) doubled/tripled， compared with that of…三．反驳 In my opinion， this point of view doesn’t hold Besides， we should not neglect the fact that… A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement Contrary to what is widely accepted， I maintain that…四．解释分析 No one can deny that… It can be easily proved that… One thing which is epually important to what is mentioned above is that… We have every reason to believe that… A number of factors can account for the development in…/popularity of…五．论证说明 A good case in point is… No one can deny the fact that… There is sufficient evidence to show that… According to the statistics， it can be seen that… It has been illustrated that…六．文章开篇 Recently the problem has been brought into Recently the phenomenon has become a heated Recently the issue has aroused great concern among… Nowadays there is a growing concern over… Faced with …， quite a few people argue that… With the arrival of the information age，… There is a growing worldwide awareness of the need for… Some argue/hold that… but others set forth a totally different argument about the issue of… Thanks to China’s reform and opening up policy，…七．结尾 It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop… We might do more than identify the cause; it is important to take action to… Whether it is good or not/positive or negative， one thing is certain/clear that… All the evidence support a sound conclusion that…八．其他 It goes without saying that…不用说，不言而喻 It is universally acknowledged that…大家公认为。。。 The evidence shows that the importance of … can’t be 证据显示。。。重要性再怎么强调也不过分。 ●对比类句型：1) A is to B what/ as C is to D(A之于B犹如C之于D)2) Just ， 3) A and B have sth in 4) A is similar to B5) The same is true of，The same can be said of(……也是如此)6) The advantages of A are much greater than B7) compared with B， A has many 8) The advantages outweigh the disadvantages(利大于弊)9) Wonderful as A is， however， it has its own disadvantages 10) Although A enjoys considerable advantage ， it can not compete with B 11) Contrary to widely accepted views， I believe 12) What people fail to consider is 13) It is one thing to insist ， it is quite another to show 14) Nothing can rival…(……是无与伦比的)15) …has drawbacks as well as 16) A is superior(inferior) to B17) varies from person to person(……是因人而异的)18) A is just the opposite (to B) 19) A differs from B in that…(A不同于B在于……)20) …is not the same (as)●过渡性句型： 1) this is true 2) This is true， no doubt， 3) 4) It is one thing ; it is another ●描写图表和数据的句型1) rank first (both) 2) in proportion 3) A is by far the 4) As many 5) The number is imes as much as that of 6) The figure has nearly doubled/tripled， as against that of last 7) It accounts for 35% 8) By comparison with ， it decreased/increased/fell 9) ise rapidly(slowly)10) ain 11) ach 12)There is a slight/slow/steady/rapid rise/increase /////decrease/decline/reduction/fall/drop in13) be on the increase/decrease/rise/decline (……在不断的增加，减少，上升，下降)●图表作文中的过渡、概括句型：1) As can be indicated in the table， 2) As we could find out later， 3) As is revealed in the table，4) As the survey results show，5) This table provides several important points of comparison between，6) The two graphs depict the same thing in 7) The key findings taken from the surveys are as follows:8) According to the figures given in the table， 9) This chart shows that 10) As is shown by the graph， 11) It can be seen from the statistics that 12) It is generally believed /accepted/thought/held ●说明原因的句型:1) There are some/two/many good reasons /to 2) We have two good reasons 3) The reason for is that + 从句4) Among the most convincing reasons given by people ， one should be 5) One may think of the trend as a result 6) The change largely results from the fact 7) There are several causes for this significant growth F8) A number of factors could account for the 9) It is no simple task to give the reason for 10) The cause of /reason for higher prices was an increase in 11) Because/As/Now that/Since the demand has increased， the prices are 12) An increase in demand causes/results in/leads to/produces higher 13) The demand has 14) Therefore，/As a result，/For this reason，/Because of this，/Consequently， the prices are 15) If there is an increase in demand， then prices /go //are 16) Different people look in different ●表示不同看法的句型:1) Different people have/hold different opinions/views on the question/problem/ Some believe that ; Others argue that :Still others maintain that 2) They are quite different from each other in their 3) Some people hold the opinion that it is good to 4) They think quite differently on this 5) Opinions vary from individual to individual， from culture to ●表示必须，紧急，有困难做某事的句型:1) It is important (necessary， urgent， difficult， easy， convenient， comfortable， expensive， desirable， advisable) for to do 2) have trouble/difficulty/a hard time/a difficult time (in) doing (有困难做某事)●用于文章开头的句型：1) Faced ; quite a few people argue ; But other people conceive 2) There is a general discussion today about the issue ; Those who object argue that ;They believe ; But people who favor ， on the other hand， argue that 3) Currently there is a widespread concern 4) Now people in growing number are coming to realize 5) Now it is commonly held that ; they think ; But I doubt 6) Recently the issue has been brought to public 7) One of the great men once said Now more and more people share this 8) Until recently， has been regarded But people are taking a fresh look at 9) S argues/maintains /holds/insists/believes 10) More and more people are realizing /have come to 11) There is no denying/doubt that ●用于文章结尾的句型：1) From what has been discussed above/taking into account all these factors， we may safely arrive at/draw/come to/reach the conclusion that 2) It is high time that we put considerable/great/special emphasis on 3) We must look for all immediate method， because the present situation of ， if permitted to continue， will sure lead to/result 4) Many solutions/methods are being offered here， all of them make some sense， but none is quite The problem should be examined in a new 5) There is no immediate solution to the problem ， might be helpful/6) No easy method can be at hand to solve the problem of ， but the general awareness of the necessity/importance might be the first step on the right 7) There is little doubt/denying that 8) It is， therefore， obvious/evident that the task quire immediate 9) As far as be concerned， I believe/think that 10) In conclusion，11) In my opinion， I am in favor of 12) Personally， I prefer 13) In short， should learn ; Only in this way can the most difficult problems be solved 14) As far as I am concerned， I agree with the opinion ●用于论证和说明的句型：1) We may cite/quote/take a single/common example to 2) Our society abounds with the examples of 3) A recent study indicates/suggests/shows 4) According to the statistics provided ， it can be seen 5) There is good/sufficient evidence to show 6) This brings out/set forth the important fact that 7) No one can ignore/overlook the fact ●常用谚语 (在议论文中):1) As a popular saying goes， “Every coin has two sides” 2) As a proverb says， “Everything has two sides” On the one hand， physical exercise is good for your On the other hand， if you don t deal with it properly， it will do harm to your So we should look at the matter from two 3) As a proverb says， “Where there is a will there is a ” (有志者事竟成)4) As a popular saying goes， “A man is known by the company he ”(观其交友，知其为人)5) As is known to all， “No pains， no gains”(没有苦，就没有甜)●辩论中常用的句型:1) There is no doubt that 2) It is obvious/clear that 3) As is known to all， 4) (It s) no (难怪) He didn t work hard and no wonder he lost his 5) It goes without saying that (不用说，不成问题，很自然……)6) What is more important， 7) I am convinced that (我深信……)

反智主义的释义反智主义存在于许多国家、许多文化、许多领域、许多人群和许多层面中，以上任何一条不同，都有可能产生截然不同的结果。广义上来讲，它是在基于清晰立场和不同思维的基础上，不同阶层或人群中产生的分歧与矛盾的产物，所以它无关褒贬义，它只是对矛盾对分歧的总结，只是对大众的思想做出的思考。狭义上来讲，在有知识理论有权威界定的基础上，反智主义即是悖逆真理，违背正义，是错误的，是要受到谴责的，是需要权威来正确引导的。作者理查德霍夫斯塔特（RichardHofstadter）是当代美国著名历史学家。他才思敏捷，博识善文，不仅蜚声战后史坛，而且足涉政治学、社会学、心理学等诸多领域，开创了美国史研究的新视角、新方法和新模式，对美国史学产生了深远的影响。被誉为“美国从第二次世界大战至越南战争时期最有影响、最杰出的历史学家”，70年代美国最有声望的知识分子”。美国早期改革史观便是他的史学思想的重要组成部分。他一九一六年生于纽约州布法罗市，父亲是波兰移民。大学期间，他主修历史哲学，才华显露。研究生阶段由纽约法学院转至哥伦比亚大学攻美国史，一九四二年以优异论文《美国思想中的社会达尔文主义》获博士学位。而立之年，就荣膺哥大著名的克林顿史学讲座教授，连发重头学术著作近十部，三次获取全美史学大奖。《美国生活中的反智主义》一书，使其在1964年荣获普利策奖。正当霍夫斯塔特风华正茂、光彩照人时，一九七〇年十月他骤然病故，年仅五十四岁。消息传开，从哥大教授圈到纽约文人集群，从东部哈佛到西岸斯坦福，美国学术界一片哀悼之音。反智主义出现的原因理查德霍夫斯塔特是一位历史学家，他深刻剖析了反智主义存在的渊源。反智主义并未构成美国民族心态的主流，它还只是一股暗流，时常会被利用。激励人们的创造力和想象力，依然是推动这个国家前进并使其保持领先地位的源动力。但是，恰如霍夫斯塔特所说，“反智主义作为一种态度，不是单一的情感取向，而是正反情感并存，他们对理智和知识分子的绝对排斥是罕见的。”它的阴影根深蒂固。既然存在着这样的痼疾，我们就应该正视它。1、知识分子上升通道的阻碍，与知识分子和现存权威之间的矛盾。美国经济大萧条之后，在政府换届之间，凯恩斯主义深入社会每个角落，当时的社会问题严重，完全依靠政府的宏观手段，在经济危机化解后的几十年里教育的缺失问题严重。2、知识分子、学界精英和人民大众之间的矛盾。缺乏积极有效的沟通、知识和人民群众脱离。3、文化的对峙。在当代美国，小镇文化与都市文化的对峙，不仅反映了美国人对于生活方式选择所呈现的迥异的态度，也反映出美国社会价值观念的两种根本性的对立冲突。一种是不思进取墨守成规的人生态度，一种是敢于冒险勇于创新的探索精神。这两种截然不同的人生态度，直接导致了人们对于知识的态度，以及对于有知识的人的心态。这种传统文化对人们思维的直接影响，使得很多人认为，用头脑思考创新不是什么值得夸赞的事情，而凭体力打拼才是值得颂扬的。这就是深为美国人称道的牛仔精神，根深蒂固，矛盾繁多。　　4、民族性格。美国人对于自己的民族想象是一脉相承的。5、价值观念与宗教与历史的对立。

“我认为”的几种说法是：I think I deem In my opinion In my perspective“有利于”的几种说法是：it's beneficial for it's good for it's unharmful for“第一”的说法是：first at first firstly“第二”同上“第三”同上“最后”的说法是：at last finally above all at the end of

写中文论文常用高级词汇表格

有啊，比如睥睨天下。东施效颦。这些都是很高级的词汇，而且经常用并且特别冷门。你用这个词语的话，会显得你很有文化。

句型英语作文常用句型一、用于驳性和比较性论文 In general， I don’t agree with In my opinion， this point of view doesn’t hold water。 The chief reason why… is that… There is no true that… It is not true that… It can be easily denied than… We have no reason to believe that… What is more serious is that… But it is pity that… Besides， we should not neglect that… But the problem is not so Therefore… Others may find this to be true， but I believer that… Perhaps I was question why… There is a certain amount of truth in this， but we still have a problem with regard to… Though we are in basic agreement with…，but What seems to be the trouble is… Yet differences will be found， that’s why I feel that… It would be reasonable to take the view that …， but it would be foolish to claim that… There is in fact on reason for us so believe that… What these people fail to consider is that… It is one thing to insist that… ， it is quite another to show that … Wonderful as A is ， however， it has its own disadvantages too。 The advantages of B are much greater than A。 A’s advantage sounds ridiculous when B’s advantages are taken into consideration。二、用于描写图表和数据 It has increased by three times as compared with that of There is an increase of 20% in total this year。 It has been increased by a factor of 4since It would be expected to increase 5 times。 The table shows a three times increase over that of last year。 It was decreased twice than that of the year The total number was lowered by 10%。 It rose from 10-15 percent of the total this year。 Compared with 1997， it fell from 15 to 10 percent。 The number is 5 times as much as that of It has decreased almost two and half times， compared with… 三、用于解释性和阐述性论说文 Everybody knows that… It can be easily proved that… It is true that… No one can deny that One thing which is equally important to the above mentioned is… The chief reason is that… We must recognize that… There is on doubt that… I am of the opinion that… This can be expressed as follows; To take …for an example… We have reason to believe that Now that we know that… Among the most convincing reasons given， one should be mentioned… The change in …largely results from the fact that There are several causes for this significant growth in…，first …，second …，finally… A number of factors could account for the development in… Perhaps the primary reason is… It is chiefly responsible of… The reasons for…are complicated， And probably they are found in the fact… Here are several possible reasons， excerpt that… Somebody believes/argues/holds/insists/thinks that… It is not simple to give the reason for this complicated phenomenon… Different people observes it in different ways。四、用于文章的开头 As the proverb says… It goes without saying tan… Generally speaking… It is quite clear than because… It is often said that … Many people often ask such question:“…？” More and more people have come to realize… There is no doubt that… Some people believe that… These days we are often told that， but is this really the case? One great man said that… Recently the issue of… has been brought to public attention。 In the past several years there has been… Now it is commonly held that… but I doubt whether… Currently there is a widespread concern that… Now people in growing number are coming to realize that… There is a general discussion today about the issue of … Faced with…， quite a few people argue that…， but other people conceive differently。[英语作文常用句型]在英语写作中，有一些句型的搭配能力非常强，基本上可以用在各种话题的议论文中，如果能将这些句型掌握并熟练应用一定会使你的英文写作得心应手。想不想试一试呢？一、开头句型我们常说，良好的开端等于成功的一半。做事如此，作文也是如此。所以我们颇有必要在作文的开头花一番心思。在写议论文时，你通常以什么样的方式开头呢？最简单也最常用的可能就是开门见山法。也就是说———直截了当地提出你对这个问题的观点，点出文章的中心思想。I．．．．has both advantages and disadvantages．……既有利又有弊。例如：1．Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages．2．Living in a city has both advantages and disadvantages．3．Com pared with cars，bikes have their advantages and disadvantages．举一反三：1．Although computers bring people a lot of convenience，they have many disadvantages．2．．．．has many advantages．For example，．．．However，just as every coin has two sides，．．．has its disadvantages．（本例将利弊分开讲，转折过渡自然。just as every coin has two sides也很值得背诵。）II．．．．play（s）an important role ／part in．．．……在……中扮演重要角色／起重要作用。例如：1．Computers play an important role in science and technology．2．Computers play a more and more important role in our life． Computers play an increasingly important role in our studies．3．Education plays an important part in developing our mind．4．Addiction to alcohol and drugs play a role in homelessness．举一反三：1．Advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life．2．In the past，letters played a decisive role in long-distance communication．But now ，telephone，email，fax have taken their place．III．With the development of．．．，随着……的发展，例如：1．With the developm ent of our econo- m y，m any Chinese fam ilies can afford a car．2．With the development of our economy and society，pollution is more and more serious．3．With the rapid development of science and technology，people can get a college degree by taking online-courses at home．4．With the current social and technological developments，employees with more knowledge and higher academic degrees are needed．举一反三：1．With the rapid increase of China's population，housing problem is becoming more and more serious．随着中国人口的急剧增加，住房问题越来越突出。2．With more and more women entering society，people's attitude towards women is changing．随着越来越多的妇女走入社会，人们对妇女的态度也在改变。3．With the deepening of Chinese reform and opening up，an increasing number of Chinesefamilies can afford a car．随着中国改革开放的深入，越来越多的中国家庭买得起车了。（“越来越多”除了常用的more and more外，还可以用an increasing number of， a growing number of，a significant number of，a great number of等来表达。）本结构看似固定，实则富于变化，只要记住with有“随着”的意思，相信大家可以根据实际的需要造出更多的句子。我们已经看到，开门见山的开头使论文直切主题，直白明确地提出了论点。不过在讨论某些有争议性的问题时，就显得有欠缺，因为我们必须在文章的开头引出人们对要讨论的问题的不同看法，然后再表明自己的观点。下面就是专门针对争议性论文的一种句型。IV．When it comes to．．．，some people think ／believe that．．．，others argue ／claim that opposite ／reverse is true．There is probably some truth in both arguments ／statements，but．．．当说到……，有些人认为……，但另一些人则持相反的观点……。这两种观点可能都有点道理，但……。本结构先用when it comes to ．．．引出话题，再用some．．．others ．．．这个对立的结构引出了两种相反的观点，然后说There is some truth in both．．．表明严谨公正的态度，最后用but．．．很自然地引出了自己的论点。请看下面这个例子：TV，a good thing or bad thingWhen it comes to TV，some people believe that it is extremely valuable，as it provides relaxation， entertainment and education． Others argue that it is harmful for it begins to control our lives and deprives people of time to do other activities．There is probably some truth in both sides．But we must realize that television itself is neither good or bad．It is the uses to which it is put that determines its value to society．二、结尾句型英语议论文多以简要总结全文或对所讨论的问题提出解决办法来结尾。总结全文时除常用到in one ／a word，generally speaking等外，没有固定模式。提出解决办法时却常使用下一句型。V．．．．take measures to do sth．例如：1．We should take measures to control pollution in order to save the world．2．We'd better take effective measures to prevent students from cheating on exams．3．The government decided to take strong measures against drug abuse．4．Urgent measures should be taken to prevent terrorists from carrying out further attacks．本文列举了英语作文中常用的几个句型，当然不是要大家写出千篇一律的文章来，而是希望起到一种抛砖引玉的作用，提醒大家在学习中注意多总结，以使自己的写作水平更上一层楼。单词和短语moreover(另外）， meanwhile（同时）， at the same time（同时） in the other words（换句话说）， in a word（总之）， in my opinion（在我看来）， besides（另外）， firstly（第一）， secondly（第二）， thirdly（第三），however（然而）although/though(虽然）but（但是）because（因为）这些是比较常用的简单一些关联词I am looking forward to hearing from （盼望收到你的来信）I am looking forward to your （盼望你的到来。）first，firstly， to begin with， further， in the first place second，secondly， to start with， still， furthermore third，thirdly， what is more， last， last but not least also， and then， next， besides and equally important too moreover besides ，in addtion ，finally

写中文论文常用高级词汇有哪些英语

1． It作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型She had said what it was necessary to 2．强调句型It is not who rules us that is important， but how he rules 3． "All+抽象名词"或"抽象名词+itself"（very+形容词）He was all gentleness to 4．利用词汇重复表示强调A crime is a crime a 5． "something（much）of"和"nothing（little）of" "something of"相当于"to some extent"，表示程度。在疑问句或条件从句中，则为"anything of "，可译为"有点"，"略微等。""译为毫无"，"全无"。"much of"译为"大有"，"not much of"可译为"算不上"，"称不上"，"little of"可译为"几乎无"。something like译为"有点像，略似’’They say that he had no university education， but he seems to be something of a 6．同格名词修饰是指of前后的两个名词都指同一个人或物，"of"以及它前面的名词构一个形容词短语，以修饰"of"后面的那个名词。如"her old sharper of a father"，可译为："她那骗子般的父亲"。Those pigs of girls eat so 7． as…as…can（may）beIt is as plain as plain can 8． "It is in（with）…as in（with）"It is in life as in a 9． "as good as…"相等于，就像，几乎如；实际上，其实，实在。The merchant as good as promised the orphan boy， that he would adopt 10．"many as well…as"和"might as well …as" "many as well…as"可译为"与其……，不如……，更好"，"以这样做……为宜"，"如同……，也可以……"等等。"might as well …as"表示不可能的事，可译为"犹如……"，"可与……一样荒唐"，"与其那样不如这样的好"等等。One may as well not know a thing at all as know it 11．"to make…of"的译法（使……成为……，把……当作）I will make a scientist of my 12． oo…+不定式"，not（never）too…+不定式"，"too…not+不定式She is too angry to 13． only(not， all， but， never) too …to do so "和"too ready (apt) + to do"结构中，不定式也没有否定意义，凡是"not"，"all""but等字后+"too…to，"不定式都失去了否定意义，在"too ready（apt） +to do"结构中，不定式也没有否定意义。You know but too yell to hold your 除此之外，还有很多很多~~~主要是靠自己平时的积累

写论文常用词汇表格式有哪些

论文是指描述学术研究成果的文章，论文的格式由题名、作者、摘要、关键词、正文、参考文献和附录等部分组成。以毕业论文为例，分为封面，题目，目录，内容摘要，正文，注释等这几部分，一篇论文不仅对格式有要求，对纸张和页面，字体也都有要求。1、封面：关于封面不同学校的封面格式设计不同，要使用学校统一的封面格式或者先咨询一下导师。2、题目：题目要写的简洁、明确、有概括性，字数最好不超过20个字，对于本专科毕业论文一般无需单独的题目页，如果是硕博士毕业论文才需要单独的题目页。3、目录：目录居中，自动生成，4号宋体，双面打印，若不够双页则独立成页，需要标明页码，正文各一级二级标题，后面是参考文献、附录、致谢等。4、内容摘要：四号宋体，段落要左对齐，首行缩进2个字符，5倍行距，摘要的内容一般为作者所研究的目的、内容、方法，一般为150字到300字，中英文需要一一对应，英文摘要需用第三人称。5、正文：正文的字体为四号宋体，5倍行间距，双面打印，字数为5000字以上，本科文学学士毕业论文通常要求8000字以上，论文的正文分为三个部分，前言，本论，结论，前言要简单扼要，主要说明论文写作的目的、现实意义、对所研究问题的认识，并提出论文的中心论点即可，本论是论文最重要的部分，要写出作者在运用各方面的研究方法和实验结果，分析问题，论证观点，尽量反映出自己的科研能力和学术水平。结论部分就是总结一下全文，加深题意。6、注释：注释一般采用小五号宋体，这部分就是把在论文的写作过程中，对正文中某一特定内容的进一步解释或补充说明。参考文献序号用方括号标注(如[1]、[2])，排印在该页底脚。

论文的写作要求、流程与写作技巧广义来说，凡属论述科学技术内容的作品，都称作科学著述，如原始论著（论文）、简报、综合报告、进展报告、文献综述、述评、专著、汇编、教科书和科普读物等。但其中只有原始论著及其简报是原始的、主要的、第一性的、涉及到创造发明等知识产权的。其它的当然也很重要，但都是加工的、发展的、为特定应用目的和对象而撰写的。下面仅就论文的撰写谈一些体会。在讨论论文写作时也不准备谈有关稿件撰写的各种规定及细则。主要谈的是论文写作中容易发生的问题和经验，是论文写作道德和书写内容的规范问题。论文写作的要求下面按论文的结构顺序依次叙述。 (一)论文——题目科学论文都有题目，不能“无题”。论文题目一般20字左右。题目大小应与内容符合，尽量不设副题，不用第1报、第2报之类。论文题目都用直叙口气，不用惊叹号或问号，也不能将科学论文题目写成广告语或新闻报道用语。 (二)论文——署名科学论文应该署真名和真实的工作单位。主要体现责任、成果归属并便于后人追踪研究。严格意义上的论文作者是指对选题、论证、查阅文献、方案设计、建立方法、实验操作、整理资料、归纳总结、撰写成文等全过程负责的人，应该是能解答论文的有关问题者。现在往往把参加工作的人全部列上，那就应该以贡献大小依次排列。论文署名应征得本人同意。学术指导人根据实际情况既可以列为论文作者，也可以一般致谢。行政领导人一般不署名。 (三)论文——引言是论文引人入胜之言，很重要，要写好。一段好的论文引言常能使读者明白你这份工作的发展历程和在这一研究方向中的位置。要写出论文立题依据、基础、背景、研究目的。要复习必要的文献、写明问题的发展。文字要简练。 (四)论文——材料和方法按规定如实写出实验对象、器材、动物和试剂及其规格，写出实验方法、指标、判断标准等，写出实验设计、分组、统计方法等。这些按杂志对论文投稿规定办即可。 (五)论文——实验结果应高度归纳，精心分析，合乎逻辑地铺述。应该去粗取精，去伪存真，但不能因不符合自己的意图而主观取舍，更不能弄虚作假。只有在技术不熟练或仪器不稳定时期所得的数据、在技术故障或操作错误时所得的数据和不符合实验条件时所得的数据才能废弃不用。而且必须在发现问题当时就在原始记录上注明原因，不能在总结处理时因不合常态而任意剔除。废弃这类数据时应将在同样条件下、同一时期的实验数据一并废弃，不能只废弃不合己意者。实验结果的整理应紧扣主题，删繁就简，有些数据不一定适合于这一篇论文，可留作它用，不要硬行拼凑到一篇论文中。论文行文应尽量采用专业术语。能用表的不要用图，可以不用图表的最好不要用图表，以免多占篇幅，增加排版困难。文、表、图互不重复。实验中的偶然现象和意外变故等特殊情况应作必要的交代，不要随意丢弃。 (六)论文——讨论是论文中比较重要，也是比较难写的一部分。应统观全局，抓住主要的有争议问题，从感性认识提高到理性认识进行论说。要对实验结果作出分析、推理，而不要重复叙述实验结果。应着重对国内外相关文献中的结果与观点作出讨论，表明自己的观点，尤其不应回避相对立的观点。论文的讨论中可以提出假设，提出本题的发展设想，但分寸应该恰当，不能写成“科幻”或“畅想”。 (七)论文——结语或结论论文的结语应写出明确可靠的结果，写出确凿的结论。论文的文字应简洁，可逐条写出。不要用“小结”之类含糊其辞的词。 (八)论文——参考义献这是论文中很重要、也是存在问题较多的一部分。列出论文参考文献的目的是让读者了解论文研究命题的来龙去脉，便于查找，同时也是尊重前人劳动，对自己的工作有准确的定位。因此这里既有技术问题，也有科学道德问题。一篇论文中几乎自始至终都有需要引用参考文献之处。如论文引言中应引上对本题最重要、最直接有关的文献;在方法中应引上所采用或借鉴的方法；在结果中有时要引上与文献对比的资料；在讨论中更应引上与论文有关的各种支持的或有矛盾的结果或观点等。一切粗心大意，不查文献；故意不引，自鸣创新；贬低别人，抬高自己；避重就轻，故作姿态的做法都是错误的。而这种现象现在在很多论文中还是时有所见的，这应该看成是利研工作者的大忌。其中，不查文献、漏掉重要文献、故意不引别人文献或有意贬损别人工作等错误是比较明显、容易发现的。有些做法则比较隐蔽，如将该引在引言中的，把它引到讨论中。这就将原本是你论文的基础或先导，放到和你论文平起平坐的位置。又如科研工作总是逐渐深人发展的，你的工作总是在前人工作基石出上发展起来做成的。正确的写法应是，某年某人对本题做出了什么结果，某年某人在这基础上又做出了什么结果，现在我在他们基础上完成了这一研究。这是实事求是的态度，这样表述丝毫无损于你的贡献。有些论文作者却不这样表述，而是说，某年某人做过本题没有做成，某年某人又做过本题仍没有做成，现在我做成了。这就不是实事求是的态度。这样有时可以糊弄一些不明真相的外行人，但只需内行人一戳，纸老虎就破，结果弄巧成拙，丧失信誉。这种现象在现实生活中还是不少见的。 (九)论文——致谢论文的指导者、技术协助者、提供特殊试剂或器材者、经费资助者和提出过重要建议者都属于致谢对象。论文致谢应该是真诚的、实在的，不要庸俗化。不要泛泛地致谢、不要只谢教授不谢旁人。写论文致谢前应征得被致谢者的同意，不能拉大旗作虎皮。 (十)论文——摘要或提要：以200字左右简要地概括论文全文。常放篇首。论文摘要需精心撰写，有吸引力。要让读者看了论文摘要就像看到了论文的缩影，或者看了论文摘要就想继续看论文的有关部分。此外，还应给出几个关键词，关键词应写出真正关键的学术词汇，不要硬凑一般性用词。论文的标准格式 ⑴ 题名是以最恰当，最简明的语词反映论文中最重要的特定内容的逻辑组合，应避免使用的不常见的省略词，首字母缩写字，字符，代号和公式，字数一般不宜超过20个题名用语 ⑵ 作者姓名和单位，两人以上，一般按贡献大小排列名次 ① 文责自负;②记录成果;③便于检索 ⑶ 摘要:是论文的内容不加注释和评论的简短陈述，中文摘要一般不会超过300字，不阅读全文，即可从中获得重要信息外文250实词包括:①本研究重要性;②主要研究内容，使用方法;③总研究成果，突出的新见解，阐明最终结论重点是结果和结论 ⑷ 关键词是从论文中选取出以表示全文主题内容信息款目的单词或术语，一般3-7个，有专用《主题词表》 ⑸ 引言回来说明研究工作的目的，范围，相关领域的前，人工作和知识布局，理论基础和分析，研究设想，研究方法，预期结果和意义 ⑹ 正文 ⑺ 结论:是指全文最终的，总体的结论，而不是正文中各段小结的简单重复要求准确，完整，明晰，精练 ⑻ 致谢:是对论文写作有过帮助的人表示谢意，要求态度诚恳，文字简洁 ⑼ 参考文献表(注释)，文中直接引用过的各种参考文献，均应开列，格式包括作者，题目和出版事项(出版地，出版社，出版年，起始页码)连续出版物依次注明出版物名称，出版日期和期数，起止页码 ⑽ 附录:在论文中注明附后的文字图表等采纳哦

引用数据（图表、表格）：常用的动词：show， present， illustrate， summarize， demonstrate， contain， provide， list， report， give， reveal， display， indicate， suggest， describe， …as从句：As shown in…/As can be seen in…/As revealed by…引用/简述他人的研究/观点：XXX + V + /that…其中Verb可以为：state， claim， argue， maintain， suggest， assert， hypothesize， conclude， describe， develop， propose， find， show， report， use， study， demonstrate， note， discuss， observe， explain， expand， publish， give， examine， analyze， focus， presume， speculate， assume， support， theorize， contend， recommend其它：Based on…/In the view of…/According to…表达可能性：It is certain that …It is almost certain that …It is very probable/ highly likely that …It is probable/likely that …It is possible that …It is unlikely that …It is very/highly unlikely that …用于表达可能性的另一种途径：There is a definite possibility that …There is a strong possibility that …There is a good possibility that …There is a slight possibility that …There is little possibility that …