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中西服饰文化论文研究步骤

发布时间:2024-07-03 04:46:09

中西服饰文化论文研究步骤

有什么具体要求呢?可以代劳

1、衣服颜色的选择有所不同

自古以来,中国就有一种倡导红色的民族心理。在中国服饰文化中,红色是最吉祥,最节日,最昂贵的颜色。在古罗马时期,西方服饰以白色意义建立,纯粹和紫色象征着高贵的色彩偏好,这意味着注重赋予色彩一定的情感意义。

2、服装特征的差异

与中国相比,西方服装的色彩更具个性,主要体现在突厥人的性别人格和自我个性。性别人格主要表现在男性要穿平静的颜色,而女性则应穿着色彩斑斓的礼服。自我个性主要表现在“三不”:无论性别,无论季节,不论年龄。

3、衣服结构的差异

中式服装结构是整体扁平型,强调立体空间的效果,服装直而松散。西式服装结构分为立体,强调立体效果,服装更贴切。

扩展资料

导致中西方服饰差异的原因分析

1、中西服饰文化的差异

中国几千年来的历史进程中,我们的祖先创造了底蕴深厚的宽衣服饰文化,形成了特有的美学与哲学观念,与西方截然不同。

西方则强调主观世界与客观世界分离,明确提出主观为我,客观为物,“物”与“我”是相对立的,不容混淆的,致使他们习惯于理性观察世界和探讨规律,并形成一种追求自然法则以获得真理的作法。因而,表现出以一种理性的或科学性的态度对待服饰。

2、中西方美学观念的差异

中国服饰美学观念表现在女装造型上的是意象的结构。

这种平面的直线与曲线的裁剪方法使衣服适体又不完全合体,不裸露张扬也不尽力束缚,在遮体的隐约之中含蓄地显现了流畅婉约,温情流动的人体曲线美,造型意识是节奏化的,让视点随着自己的心愿移动,使生命之体在宽衣的帖体与离体之间流露气韵。

我国传统的服装空间造型是借“虚与实”、“明与暗”的节奏表达出来。西方的服装空间意识是在中世纪以后形成的,反映了西方人对空间的探求心理,渴望占据更多的空间,于是增大服装造型的体积,将服装视为扩大自我肉体的一种工具。

这种夸张的服装造型使人与自然整体之间,人与人的个体之间保持着一定的距离,反映了西方人的宇宙观,也反映了人与自然万物、心灵与环境、主观与客观的对立性。由于东方与西方不同的哲学美学观念在服装上创造了不同的基本造型,体现了不同的精神气韵。

参考资料来源:百度百科-中国服饰

参考资料来源:百度百科-西方服装史

是什么原因,

服饰文化研究论文

众所周知,少数民族传统服饰文化是中华民族宝贵的精神财富,是有形的物质又是无形的精神载体。在我省,畲族是人口最多的少数民族。现在,由于社会经济和文化的发展,畲族男女服饰基本类同于当地汉人,能保留一定的民族特色的还在人口相对集中的闽、浙两地,尤以闽省畲家妇女特色显著。所以我们必须加快、加紧研究、保护好本省畲族服饰文化。把握畲族服饰的意蕴与创新,为我省文化产业和经济建设做贡献。

畲族的概况

畲族自称“山哈”,“哈”,畲语意为“客人”,“山哈”即居住在山里的客人。自唐以来,畲民们因生存、发展需要,从广东沿福建的山岭向北、西迁徙并不断分支,适时、适地定居在浙西南、江西、安徽等地,与汉民族交错杂居,形成了现在“大分散,小聚集”的居住格局。在迁徙的进程中,该民族不断融入当地的文化、风俗,受汉族文化影响较深,汉化明显,畲族有自己的语言但无自己的文字,百分之九十九的.畲族使用汉语客家方言,通用汉文。作为畲族文化中最醒目的标志之一的民族服饰也不例外,也在不断地吸取当地的文化元素,形成了目前畲族服饰“大相同,小差异”的特点。

畲族是中国五十六个民族大家庭中人口排列居第 19 位的一个古老的民族,现有人口 万(据有关资料统计),主要分布在福建、浙江、江西、广东、安徽等省的百余个县、市。

江西畲族的分布与服饰文化现状

1.江西畲族的分布情况

我省的畲族分布在7个乡80个村500多个村民小组,近15万人,是全国畲族分布的三大省份之一。这七个畲族乡分别是上饶铅山县太源畲族乡、上饶铅山县篁碧畲族乡、鹰潭市贵溪县樟坪畲族乡、南康市赤土畲族乡、抚州市乐安县金竹畲族乡、吉安市青原区东固畲族乡和吉安市永丰县龙岗畲族乡。

2.我省畲乡服饰文化现状

笔者在课题研究期间,带领课题组成员深入上饶铅山县太源畲族乡,鹰潭市贵溪县樟坪畲族乡等地进行实地调研,通过当地相关的人员和畲族群众了解当地服饰文化的保护和传承情况。

(1)我省畲族服饰总体特征。

笔者看到在各畲族乡政府保管的畲族服饰,男、女服装以蓝或黑色为主,只是传统的苎麻或棉大都已被化纤织物所代替。女上装为大襟小袖衫,在衣领袖口和右襟多镶花边,花边多是大红、桃红夹着黄色的花纹,刺绣各种花鸟及几何纹饰,也看到了畲族妇女最具有特色的“凤凰装”与“凤冠”。畲族男子服装基本与汉族相同,男服一般是青色和蓝色大襟短服。

(2)在保护和传承上的好的做法。

我省注重民族地区经济与文化发展,通过以民族乡村基础设施建设项目为基础,开发畲族乡村特色产业项目,带动各项文化和经济产业发展。

①设立畲族文化广场、服饰博物馆等文化类展示场所,展示畲族发展历史、风俗信仰、服饰及歌舞、特色产品等。如鹰潭市贵溪县樟坪畲族乡。

②突出畲族资源特色,建设生态环保、可持续发展的新型特色乡村旅游景区。如吉安龙冈畲族乡以“红色历史、蓝色民俗、绿色生态”发展旅游业。在贵溪市樟坪畲族乡能欣赏到体现畲族精彩艺术的“狗王图”和“马灯舞”,还可听到畲族的多种山歌。

③通过举办畲族文化艺术节挖掘、展示畲族文化遗产。2011年4月26日至28日,江西省首届畲族文化艺术节在贵溪举办,预计2015年4月21日至22日将在江西吉安举办江西省第二届畲族文化艺术节。

这些推广畲族民族风情的做法为保护我省的畲族服饰文化起到一定的作用。

3.依然存在的问题及原因

(1)畲族由于历史上的迁徙与汉族交错杂居,没有形成大块聚居区域,而在长期与汉族交往的过程中,畲族服饰面临被同化而湮没。笔者在畲族乡看不到身穿畲族服饰的畲民。

(2)生活方式和生活环境的变化,生活节奏加快,使得坚实耐磨、保暖为主的传统民族服饰不被新一代畲民们所接受,对他们的经济生活没有实际意义,取而代之的是简洁、明快、具有时代美感的服饰。

(3)笔者也了解到如今的畲民家中已没有了本民族服装,在重大畲族活动里,参与者所穿的畲族服饰也由乡政府统一安排穿戴。

(4)如今的青少年一代,他们触摸不到畲族的民族符号与表征,无法领会畲族的精神内涵,没有传承畲族服饰的责任感和主动性。现江西畲族服饰中植物染、手工刺绣等传统手工艺已然缺失,已成为现代工业化的产物,拙朴气息荡然无存。

下面学术堂来给大家讲述一下,关于服装的毕业论文怎么写:题目,论文的选题是论文工作中最为重要的一个环节,论文的选题有很多的奥妙,比如说选择的论文查重的题目是从小处着手的为最好.这样在论文查重的时候就不容易重复.毕业论文怎样写,从准备开始写论文到论文完成要有期限,有一个时间范围在这个时间范围内要合理安排论文的各个环节工作,比如说论文题目的准备,论题的评审.在什么时间点做预答辩,关于时间节点的提交材料以外,还要自己提前做好功课.清清楚楚知道什么时间点,应该提交哪些材料.在论文细节方面要按照学院要求的论文格式进行编写.否则格式如果过于随意.没有达到要求反倒舍本逐末.这样查重的时候很可能会影响论文查重的最后的结果.但是在写论文的时候,千万要注意不能抄袭别人的论文,目前知网的查重能力想必大家都听过,如果重复率过高的话,对自己写论文的时间也有很大影响的.这些就是针对服装毕业论文怎样写的说明了

[摘要]本文从服装的审美审美与功能结合、个性与时尚结合 、 品位与文化结合.提出了与这些发展方向适应的企业营销策略, 即注重产品设计的创新度、发挥终端市场中导购的作用及注重品牌形象的塑造与推广。[关键词]服装市场 消费心理 审美 品牌效应服装行业是集艺术性与功能性为一体的行业市场份额是衡量服装整体设计、生产、销售是否成功的标尺,如何有效地把握现有市场份额、并不断开辟新市场是现代服装企业的生存之道.在对服装市场的研究中,企业生产不仅要考虑技术层面的相关问题,要时刻关注消费市场中的各种消费审美心理因素.服装的设计生产过程,也就是设计师和生产者对潜在的着装者 (消费者) 进行艺术表达和寻求 审美认同的过程,而着装者 (消费者) 也正是通过服饰的选择达到与设计师在风格样式、审美情趣以及德行品格上的默契与沟通。对消费者消费审美心理趋势与购买行为的客观分析势必也是对使企业更好地掌握消费趋势、 扩大市场占有率, 从而获得最大经济效益的积极思考。一消费审美心理发展趋势特征分析流行,变化莫测,它的变化受到诸多因素的影响,如相互模仿效应的结果,即所谓的穿着的人多了便构成了流行.那么在流行中把握消费者的审美心理,也称得上是因时、因地制宜.当前, 服装消费者的消费心理已渐趋成熟,并呈现出几个相互结合的特征。(1)服装作为艺术的审美与功能的结合随着生活水平与消费观念的不断变化,人们的消费生活正由追求数量转向追求质量的方向发展,服装作为一种艺术其功能不仅仅在于遮体和保暖,而更多在于道德、 审美、 认同和表现 。所谓的审美功能,就是服饰不但要对引起羞耻感 的部位进行遮掩 , 而且要对身体进行美化,使之在视觉上取悦于人。服饰的认 同功能体现在两方面。一方面,通过共同的服饰符号,体现我们对特定的部落、氏族、团体、阶层、职业角色、民族或社会的认同,以及心理和情感的归属。这一类的认同体现的是个人与某个社会群体的一致和相同,因而可以叫做社会认同。另一方面, 人们也通过服装体现自己与其他成员的不同,表现自己的独特个性特征。(2)服装艺术的个性与时尚的结合现在的服装已成为了反映着装者社会性的一种无声语言,所以那些标榜自我存在、显现自我主张、有鲜明个性特征的服装必会受到消费者、 尤其是年轻消费者的青睐,在现代人眼里, 时髦、有创意的服装,能够张扬个性,可以更好的来修饰自我,当然, 在一定程度上也代表了时代所赋予它的特定内涵.比如在时尚界,“波西米亚” 风格成了追求放荡不羁,自由浪漫的代名词 , 而“波乔米亚” 风格,也成了演绎小资情调的最好方式, “ 朋克、嬉皮”风格,是反叛精神、思想颓废的代表等,这些现存的服装风格同时也代表了未来服装消费的发展方向之一。(3)服装艺术文化个性时尚与风格相结合——品牌效应服装品牌的这种文化意味吸引着人们的向往和追求,尤其是国际名牌.如当消费者认定某一个品牌适合自己穿着时,便显示出对其情有独钟的非凡热情,于是对这种认准了的品牌有了感情上的依托, 品牌也就作为一种能激发人们情感的形式而存在.由此,消费者在选择品牌服装时便产生了物有所值,物超所值的朦胧概念。现代人们在服装艺术上占主导地位的审美需要和审美理想, 是通过服装设计师们无数 的体验、沉思和奋斗,经历无数局部 的变革,最后才形成一个总的服装流行趋势。服装风格在形成 的过程中,既突破传统服装文化模式,同时又继承着传统模式的很多特性,使风格作为固定的文化特征,保留在地域或民族的文化传统 之 中。然而在当今日渐一体化的世界环境中,服装风格有着单线的发展危险趋势,服装文化的趋同性既是现代社会的一 大时代特征,又是民族性与世界性的尖锐斗争最激烈的阶段。 二、服装生产企业企业对消费审美心理的趋势的掌握服装企业以赢利为出发点,他们尽可能地采取一切有效策略来增加企业的销售量以达到赢利的目的.而对服装市场中消费者审美心理趋势的研究正好满足 了企业不断发展的需要。(1) 服装设计中流行趋势的把握由于流行趋势的世界同步性正在逐步加强,因此有效把握流行趋势成为企业竞争的重要手段,正确掌握最新流行预测资讯,就有可能获得更大市场份额,毕竟,追逐流行的消费群体占绝大多数,因此有效掌握流行元素、充分挖掘目标消费群的时尚需求与诉求点,才能最终诱发消费者购买欲。在预测流行趋势中,可以两方面作为重心:(1) 做深入细致的服装市场调研,包括服装原辅料市场,通过市场供求关系状况分析顾客群的购买心理趋向,以及对流行元素有效捕捉,便于及时运用到新设计当中;(2) 可根据企业及设计师在业内多年积累的经验,对新的流行做出判断,对流行色、 流行款式、 流行面料 等作尽可能有效的预测。从这种意义来看,穿着者的审美素质影响着设计师的素质与服饰文化的发展方向。从深层来看,现代的人们注重表现美,更多地注重服饰是否符合自己的个性,适合于特定 的场合和自己的风度, 甚至不满足于设计师现成的安排, 而乐于按照自己的心愿去挑选、配套, 去“篡改”设计师的作品,淡薄“权威”,去创造和表现自己的个性内涵,让服饰折射出高雅的审美情趣。这所有一切的实现 ,就需要较高的审美素质作为前提 ,从这层意义来看, 穿着者的审美素质决定和发展着设计师的素质与服装市场中西的消费审美心理的发展方向。(2) 销售过程中抓住消费真的心理在企业对目标市场准确定位的基础上,虽然服装卖场、 商品的组合搭配与陈列所表现的情节性和艺术性能够使顾客产生兴趣与欲望,但现场销售人员的素质也不容忽视.一般情况下,当其与消费者初步接触、尚未进行语言交流及深人了解之前,往往凭着对方的穿着打扮估计对方的着装情况, 以判断顾客的着装风,从而做出相应的反应.由于服装在一定程度上扮演着彰显身份的面具角色, 因此销售人员还必须作好 引导工作,宣传企业服装的新概念及流行趋势,强行促成流行导向,并且通过强化对生活方式的介绍与倡导,为消费者争取到变脸的机会,实现其购物过程中与结束后的愉悦与满足感,从而使其对该品牌的信任感与忠诚度增强。(3) 塑造品牌形象由于消费者品牌意识的增强,越来越多的企业开始注重对企业及产品“品牌形象”的塑造,充分挖掘品牌文化内涵, 实现品牌经营,发展自身优势,提高知名度,形成极大的感召力, 希望以明确的定位和理念来培养忠诚的顾客群.品牌作为一种无形资产,通过市场成功运作,将会有无与伦比的优势及强大的生命力.统一价格、统一形象、统一管理、统一配送、 统一服务,为服装产品送上了品质保险单,解决消费者的后顾之忧,也赢得了稳定的客户群体,从而有利于品牌形象的树立.另外,在着力打造 自主品牌的同时, 提高质量增加品种、满足多样化需求、 扩大高端市场分额、 提高其技术含量都成为重中之重。 当企业成功地树立起 自己的品牌后,他们还可以尝试生产冠以这种品牌的其他产品以拓展市场,因为消费者对品牌的熟悉程度直接影响他们的购物行为。三、总结通过对服装市场中消费审美心理趋势的研究可知:随着社会生活水平和审美意识的不断提高,服装消费者的购买行为由盲目从众向理性消费转变,且越来越注重审美体验,消费心理趋于成熟. 基于这种变化给企业营销策略带来的影响,服装企业需深入了解 目标消费者的不同需求和购 买动机,掌握各种消费心理活动规律,从而有效预测服装消费趋向、制定合理的服装生产和经营策略.当然,随着人们对服装求新求异的消费心理及个性化、多元化的风格特征成为未来服装流行趋势的主流时, 企业也必须在自身产品风格定位的基础上加以创新以适应市场变化,以满足消费者自我实现的诉求。

关于中外服饰文化研究论文

寓意,形体可以兼得 ——关于在创作实践中如何吸收中外服装史的经验启示的论文 从伏羲氏化蚕丝为穗帛,古埃及人利用亚麻织物制作围裙以及苏美尔人采用羊毛织物包缠在人体上,形成服装开始,似乎就暗示了中西方服装的发展历程,风貌形态将会有着千差万别的不同。 中西服装文化之间的内涵有很大的差别,中国服装文化是一种单源性的文化,在其形成过程中,与中国的巫觋和礼乐文化有密切的联系,注重形的内涵,具有浓厚的社会政治伦理倾向。在其发展进程中,因袭、守旧,继承性与连续性远大于变异性与创新性。西方服装文化是一种多源性的文化,在其形成过程中,将服装视作一门特殊的人体艺术,注重形式,认为形式即内容。在其发展过程中,时代特征明显,风格变化昭然。变异与创新性远大于继承与连续性。 以中国为代表的东方服装文化深受传统东方文化的影响。强调线形和纹饰的抽象寓意表达,透露出一种含蓄美。林语堂先生曾有深切的领悟,他说:“中装与西装在哲学上的不同之点就是,后者已在显出人体的线形,而前者在意遮隐之。”这使得中装与西装的直观静态之美产生了根本上的差别。追本溯源,西洋服装从诞生之日起就冲满了激进的思想与吸收外来文化的大度,所以说西方服装文化是一种多源性的文化。它的文化源于古希腊,古罗马文化,受当时的绘画,雕塑等造型艺术的影响至深,其审美视觉历来重视立体的造型。在西方的服装史上,13世纪初期就已确立了立体三维的裁剪方法。而三维裁剪的发明和运用成为了东西方服装的分水岭,从此,西方服装变得立体,外形变得富于变化,同时尽可能得让造型体现体形美。而以中国为代表的东方文化以含蓄为美,以朦胧隐约,藏而不露给人委婉含蓄的审美感受,通过款式,布局,色彩,线条给人整体的和谐之美,大量采用刺绣,飘带,图案和其他的装饰手法,表达丰富的寓意与想象。可以说中国人对服饰重装饰之美,讲究与环境和谐;西方人对服装造型之美,讲究与环境对比。东方服饰重“意”,西方服饰重“形”;东方表达含蓄,西方表达鲜明。东西方服饰完全是两种不同文化的反映,因而服饰文化特色的风格形成与民族风俗,历史文化的渊源有着紧密地联系。可见服装是一种文化,中西服装文化由于发生的地理环境、气候条件不同,在发展的过程中历史积淀的内容不同,中西服装文化之间的内涵有着很大的差别。 但在服装发展历史的漫漫长河中,我们时不时地会看到东西方服装风格的融合,而这种融合往往会绽放出一种夺目的光芒,乃至影响到整个社会。时至今日,东西方服装风格融合的实例仍屡见不鲜。 “丝绸之路”的开辟使得来自遥远东方中国的精美丝绸传入了古罗马,这让古罗马的贵族爱不释手,贵妇们更是不惜花费昂贵的价格来达到自己追求时尚的目的。欧洲中世纪的拜占庭式服装,继承和发扬了古希腊,古罗马的文明和艺术风格,同时糅合了东方精美华丽的刺绣图案,以丝绸为贵,为尚。中国的陶瓷和园林艺术深深影响了18世纪欧洲的艺术风格——洛可可。那玲珑剔透,华丽雕琢的瓷器和园林建筑迎合了法国宫廷的审美情趣,被吸收融会于法国的艺术乃至欧洲的艺术中。尤其是中国陶瓷上的精描绘画,镶金嵌银,极尽曲线绕转之美的装饰,直接影响了洛可可艺术风格。这种风格不仅体现服装上,还体现在了建筑,绘画等艺术门类上。 1910年,俄国芭蕾舞团在巴黎的公演引发轰动,其色彩瑰丽,外形新颖的芭蕾舞衣,为服装设计开创了新局面。从而欧洲形成了一股东方热潮,设计师纷纷将中国,日本,俄罗斯和印度的设计特色与古希腊,古罗马的古典披垂式风格熔于一炉,创造出了美不胜收的各式服装。 上世纪60年,时装设计大师伊夫.圣.洛朗(Yves Saint Laurant)发表了“中国风”系列。涉及灵感来自清代官府中的凉帽和马褂。70年代,东西方服饰文化进一步互相撞击,互相融合,高级时装一统天下的时代宣告结束,时装朝着更加民主化,大众化,多样化,国际化的方向发展。日本设计大师高田贤三,三宅一生运用东方传统服装的平面裁剪,设计出不强调合体的曲线的宽松肥大的服装。这种非构筑式设计,与西方的构筑式窄衣结构截然不同,但在当时反体制思潮和石油冲击的大背景下,为世人提供了一种新的选择,抓住了消费的新契机。他们的设计很快广为流传,两位来自东方日本的时装大师从此登上巴黎时装乃至世界时装的舞台。 而就在去年,身着2004/2005秋冬Yves Saint Laurent Rive Gauche高级成衣的模特伴随着中国电影《花样年华》的背景音乐缓缓走来。各色鲜艳的仿旗袍式立领垫肩缎质套装、用蝴蝶系着盘扣子旗袍套长裤、龙纹云纹中国图腾、用缇花、织锦、刺绣等各种布料及编织技巧,展现极度奢艳亮丽的中国风情。如今闻名于世的美国设计师Tom Ford运用奢侈的中国风为YSL画下重量级的句号。 东西方服饰文化与着不同的优势和魅力,同时也存在着不足与偏颇。例如巴洛克,洛可可时期强调人体体形的紧身胸衣给女性身体的正常机能带来了严重的危害。而宽袍大袖始终贯穿于3000多年的中国服装史,时常给人以呆板,停滞不前,少有变化,创新的感觉。十分巧合的是,19世纪末20世纪初,东西方服装都发生了革命性的变革。在变革中,两者又有着相反的发展倾向。东方服装由松变紧,宽袍大袖吸收了西方三维的立体裁剪,使服装变得贴体,轻便,改良旗袍正是中西合璧最经典的完美体现;而西方则摒弃了造作,扭曲性的人体美,把女性从损害健康的紧身胸衣中解放出来。但相同的都是为了适应新的生活,东西方都改变了繁琐的装饰和累赘的服装结构。 由此可见,中国古代表达寓意的宽袍大袖,西方强调人体之美的服装造型两者并无绝对的孰优孰劣的对比。事实证明,将东方精美华丽的刺绣赋予西方立体合身的服装上展现出了耀眼的光彩。当今,世界各地的服装元素互相融合,互相碰撞是历史发展的必然趋势。作为将会从事于中国服装设计行业的我们,不仅要把握开放的时代契机,紧跟国际时尚潮流,更要努力保护,发扬中国服装的传统特色。让东方服装的寓意和西方服装的形体可以兼得且形态更加丰富多变,让将来的国际时尚舞台绽放出绚丽灿烂的中国光芒!

Abstract: Dress culture is a cultural phenomenon unique to human beings. As it has different aesthetic ideas, different dressing concepts and different dress etiquette in China and west, it forms Chinese and western dress culture of the different connotation and characteristics. This thesis is divided into four major sections. The first part describes the different features of Chinese and western dress and why people wear clothing. The second part describes cultural differences between Chinese and western clothing. The third part gives an analysis of Chinese and western dress culture. The last part describes Chinese and western dress aesthetic culture and dress concept. Based on the analysis, the thesis finally draws a conclusion. Chinese and western dress culture each has rich connotation and distinct characteristics, which are precious cultural legacy which is left by human ancestors and are the world culture heritage. At the same time, we treasure our own civilization of five thousand years instead of belittling ourselves. It is significant to promote and develop our unique costume culture. We are confident and make contributions to realizing the rejuvenation of our Chinese nation and enriching the clothing culture of the whole world. Key words: Chinese and western clothing; culture;differences;aesthetic culture and clothing concepts 摘要摘要摘要摘要::::服饰文化是人类特有的文化现象。由于中西方各民族的审美观念、着装理念和服饰礼仪的不同,从而形成了不同内涵、不同特色的中西方服饰文化。本文共分为四部分。第一部分主要介绍了中西服饰的不同特征以及为什么人要穿衣服,第二部分写中西方服饰的差异,第三部分写导致中西方服饰文化差异的原因,第四部分则写中西方服饰审美文化和着装理念。通过以上简单的论述,最后得出结论,中西方服饰文化各具有丰富的内涵和鲜明的特色,她们都是人类祖先留下来的宝贵文化遗产 ,是世界文化的瑰宝。与此同时,我们应该珍惜自己五千年的文明而不是贬低自己的文明。促进和发展我们独特的民族服饰文化具有重要的意义。为了实现我们中华民族的文化复兴和丰富整个世界的文化,让我们自信起来吧! 关键词关键词关键词关键词::::中西服饰;文化;差异性;审美文化与着装理念Introduction Costume culture, carried by costume, is a respect of our physical and spiritual life and a mixture of our psychological activities like consciousness, emotion, idea and ideal. The rapid development of advanced technology makes multiculturalism stand out and also makes conflicts between China and the West increase. In that case, it becomes more and more important to recognize the similarities and differences of costume culture between China and the West. Nowadays, the whole world is, to some extent, dominated by the western costume culture, which has wound its way into the daily life of the whole world, together with technology, life style and values from the West. Quite popular in China, it’s nominally called “internationalization” or “globalization”. In recent years, the costume industry of China has developed swiftly. The “international” costume, featured by the western costume culture, has become a pretty important part of our daily life. However, as our economy takes off, international status rises and living standard improves, a wave of national costume culture resurgence is rising. Moreover, people from the West pay more and more attention to the giant dragon in the East——China. Western costume designers constantly introduce Chinese costume cultural elements to their latest designs. Those phenomena arouse a series of thoughts: what distinguishes Chinese costume culture from the western one? Are there any similarities between them? What kind of costume culture will we Chinese hold as the mainstream in the future, the so-called “international” western one, the Chinese one or the fusion of the two? To obtain the answers to these questions, we are supposed to study and contrast carefully the characteristics and developing processes of them, and then draw some regularity. To contrast the costume culture between China and the West, it is necessary for us to master a good knowledge of the Chinese and western costume cultural 1 Chinese and western dress The different features of Chinese and western dress China is known as “Xia” as it’s a land of propriety, and it’s also known as “Hua” with the beauty of its costume. (①《左传》p83) Our national costume is Hanfu. It originated in the Yanhuang era, formed in the Spring and Autumn Period and officially took form in Han Dynasty. That’s the reason why it’s called “Hanfu”. Since then, in spite of historical evolutions of all ages, their basic characteristics have never changed. Hanfu, on the whole, can be divided into four developing stages: Zhou Han Hanfu, Wei Jin Hanfu, Sui Tang Hanfu and Song Ming Hanfu. Zhou Han Hanfu was featured by dignity and simplicity, while Wei Jin Hanfu by chic and elegance, Sui Tang Hanfu by dignified, graceful, elegant and poised style. Hanfu in Song and Ming Dynasties epitomizes the characteristics of the past-simple, dignified, elegant, etc. In Qing Dynasty, Hanfu was forbidden by the government and disappeared from the land of China. The main features of Chinese clothing are focusing on the right collar’s overlap, the band deducted hidden, big sleeves, no buttons and using string binding, giving the impression of free and easy flowing. These characteristics are obviously different from those of other ethnic costumes. Hanfu is divided into uniform and common clothing. With strict standards, uniform is dressed on formal occasions while the common clothing, without long sleeves, is very convenient to people’s daily life. However, the western clothing is different form the Chinese clothing. The West belongs to Marine civilization, it emphasizes the subjective and objective separation and that we should rationally treat clothing, advocate releasing personality, stress dress effect and be good at showing beautiful the posture of the body. Besides, we use various clipping, color collocation means to perfect bodily curve and give a person with visual comfort in the modeling. A suit, also known as a business suit, comprises a collection of matching clothing consisting of: a coat﹙commonly known as a jacket﹚,a waistcoat﹙optional﹚﹙USA vest﹚for men, a pair of trousers﹙USA pants﹚, or for women, a shirt or trousers. A suit is generally accompanied by torment, a shirt and tie or for women, a blouse. Why people wear clothingChinese people are concerned more about its social function of helping to rule a country well than that of keeping warm or decorating. It has a lot to do with ruling a country to regulate the dressing way of the common people. Nevertheless, the westerners pay more attention to its wealth value and function. Therefore, people put on clothing for functional and social reasons. The functional reason The first use of clothing is to resist the cold and cover the body. Functions of clothing include providing the human body protection against extremes of climate (extreme heat, icy winters, and drenching storms) and protection against insects, noxious, chemicals, and contact with abrasive substances. In sum, clothing protects human beings against anything that might injure the naked, unprotected human body. The social reason Clothing also delivers social messages to other humans. Social messages sent by clothing, accessories, and decorations can involve social status, occupation, ethnic and religious belief, marital status, cultural degree and sexual availability, etc. For example, only Roman citizens can wear “Toga” in Rome while dragon robe can only be dressed by the emperor in China.

中英服饰文化对比研究论文

首先,需要明确什么是跨文化管理,其次既然以中英两国为例那么就需要收集三个大型服饰品牌企业的资料,中国三个,英国三个,做交叉对比,如果工作量较大,那么就收集两个,要分析近三到五年的数据,论文最重要的就是论据,假设没有数据,只是文字叙述,那么最后答辩也过不去,再次,得知道你是什么专业,管理专业与英文专业都可以写这个题目,但是写法不一样,还是得对症下药才可以。论文辅导员

Abstract: Dress culture is a cultural phenomenon unique to human beings. As it has different aesthetic ideas, different dressing concepts and different dress etiquette in China and west, it forms Chinese and western dress culture of the different connotation and characteristics. This thesis is divided into four major sections. The first part describes the different features of Chinese and western dress and why people wear clothing. The second part describes cultural differences between Chinese and western clothing. The third part gives an analysis of Chinese and western dress culture. The last part describes Chinese and western dress aesthetic culture and dress concept. Based on the analysis, the thesis finally draws a conclusion. Chinese and western dress culture each has rich connotation and distinct characteristics, which are precious cultural legacy which is left by human ancestors and are the world culture heritage. At the same time, we treasure our own civilization of five thousand years instead of belittling ourselves. It is significant to promote and develop our unique costume culture. We are confident and make contributions to realizing the rejuvenation of our Chinese nation and enriching the clothing culture of the whole world. Key words: Chinese and western clothing; culture;differences;aesthetic culture and clothing concepts 摘要摘要摘要摘要::::服饰文化是人类特有的文化现象。由于中西方各民族的审美观念、着装理念和服饰礼仪的不同,从而形成了不同内涵、不同特色的中西方服饰文化。本文共分为四部分。第一部分主要介绍了中西服饰的不同特征以及为什么人要穿衣服,第二部分写中西方服饰的差异,第三部分写导致中西方服饰文化差异的原因,第四部分则写中西方服饰审美文化和着装理念。通过以上简单的论述,最后得出结论,中西方服饰文化各具有丰富的内涵和鲜明的特色,她们都是人类祖先留下来的宝贵文化遗产 ,是世界文化的瑰宝。与此同时,我们应该珍惜自己五千年的文明而不是贬低自己的文明。促进和发展我们独特的民族服饰文化具有重要的意义。为了实现我们中华民族的文化复兴和丰富整个世界的文化,让我们自信起来吧! 关键词关键词关键词关键词::::中西服饰;文化;差异性;审美文化与着装理念Introduction Costume culture, carried by costume, is a respect of our physical and spiritual life and a mixture of our psychological activities like consciousness, emotion, idea and ideal. The rapid development of advanced technology makes multiculturalism stand out and also makes conflicts between China and the West increase. In that case, it becomes more and more important to recognize the similarities and differences of costume culture between China and the West. Nowadays, the whole world is, to some extent, dominated by the western costume culture, which has wound its way into the daily life of the whole world, together with technology, life style and values from the West. Quite popular in China, it’s nominally called “internationalization” or “globalization”. In recent years, the costume industry of China has developed swiftly. The “international” costume, featured by the western costume culture, has become a pretty important part of our daily life. However, as our economy takes off, international status rises and living standard improves, a wave of national costume culture resurgence is rising. Moreover, people from the West pay more and more attention to the giant dragon in the East——China. Western costume designers constantly introduce Chinese costume cultural elements to their latest designs. Those phenomena arouse a series of thoughts: what distinguishes Chinese costume culture from the western one? Are there any similarities between them? What kind of costume culture will we Chinese hold as the mainstream in the future, the so-called “international” western one, the Chinese one or the fusion of the two? To obtain the answers to these questions, we are supposed to study and contrast carefully the characteristics and developing processes of them, and then draw some regularity. To contrast the costume culture between China and the West, it is necessary for us to master a good knowledge of the Chinese and western costume cultural 1 Chinese and western dress The different features of Chinese and western dress China is known as “Xia” as it’s a land of propriety, and it’s also known as “Hua” with the beauty of its costume. (①《左传》p83) Our national costume is Hanfu. It originated in the Yanhuang era, formed in the Spring and Autumn Period and officially took form in Han Dynasty. That’s the reason why it’s called “Hanfu”. Since then, in spite of historical evolutions of all ages, their basic characteristics have never changed. Hanfu, on the whole, can be divided into four developing stages: Zhou Han Hanfu, Wei Jin Hanfu, Sui Tang Hanfu and Song Ming Hanfu. Zhou Han Hanfu was featured by dignity and simplicity, while Wei Jin Hanfu by chic and elegance, Sui Tang Hanfu by dignified, graceful, elegant and poised style. Hanfu in Song and Ming Dynasties epitomizes the characteristics of the past-simple, dignified, elegant, etc. In Qing Dynasty, Hanfu was forbidden by the government and disappeared from the land of China. The main features of Chinese clothing are focusing on the right collar’s overlap, the band deducted hidden, big sleeves, no buttons and using string binding, giving the impression of free and easy flowing. These characteristics are obviously different from those of other ethnic costumes. Hanfu is divided into uniform and common clothing. With strict standards, uniform is dressed on formal occasions while the common clothing, without long sleeves, is very convenient to people’s daily life. However, the western clothing is different form the Chinese clothing. The West belongs to Marine civilization, it emphasizes the subjective and objective separation and that we should rationally treat clothing, advocate releasing personality, stress dress effect and be good at showing beautiful the posture of the body. Besides, we use various clipping, color collocation means to perfect bodily curve and give a person with visual comfort in the modeling. A suit, also known as a business suit, comprises a collection of matching clothing consisting of: a coat﹙commonly known as a jacket﹚,a waistcoat﹙optional﹚﹙USA vest﹚for men, a pair of trousers﹙USA pants﹚, or for women, a shirt or trousers. A suit is generally accompanied by torment, a shirt and tie or for women, a blouse. Why people wear clothingChinese people are concerned more about its social function of helping to rule a country well than that of keeping warm or decorating. It has a lot to do with ruling a country to regulate the dressing way of the common people. Nevertheless, the westerners pay more attention to its wealth value and function. Therefore, people put on clothing for functional and social reasons. The functional reason The first use of clothing is to resist the cold and cover the body. Functions of clothing include providing the human body protection against extremes of climate (extreme heat, icy winters, and drenching storms) and protection against insects, noxious, chemicals, and contact with abrasive substances. In sum, clothing protects human beings against anything that might injure the naked, unprotected human body. The social reason Clothing also delivers social messages to other humans. Social messages sent by clothing, accessories, and decorations can involve social status, occupation, ethnic and religious belief, marital status, cultural degree and sexual availability, etc. For example, only Roman citizens can wear “Toga” in Rome while dragon robe can only be dressed by the emperor in China.

Western novels in comparison First, Western novels in the history of the development of Western novels are based on myths and legends of its origin. In ancient times, science developed, out of fear of nature, the working people out of the imagination is the key to many of the world "God", describing the personification of God is a myth; who will describe the deified, that is legend. China opened the world's Pan story, the story of San Juan Five Emperors, the West Greek mythology, Roman mythology, Norse mythology, and so on are all typical works. East and West, the original novel, is closely linked with the history, as historical records complement the event. China Pre-Qin prose in the fable, the Han dynasty in the history books, biographies, the Wei and Jin Zhi, Zhi-person novel; the West of ancient Babylon, "the United States and Ji Jia disabilities epic", in ancient Greece, "Homer's epic," "Aesop's Fables "And so on, fall into this category, fiction, novels such novels have been about the characteristics of fiction, it is still not the literary creation, directly from the private collection record, so this type of fiction plot is relatively simple, writing rough comparison. Ban Gu said, "On the Street Lane words, hearsay are made of" is a novel kind of accurate assessment of the image. China's Tang Dynasty, the novel is only from history and literature become a creativity. Tang Dynasty culture has developed, the author's ideas are more open, the legend came into being at this time, Li Zhaowei "Liu Yi Chuan", Po Chu's "Everlasting Regret," Wolf's "Everlasting Regret Chuan" And so on, are made in accordance with the creation of the legend. For the fictional story of the Tang Dynasty more emphasis on imagination and literary talent, not just the history of the nature of things, but as the history of Zhi Zhi who is also the novel did not stop. The Legend of the Song Dynasty to the novel on a gradual decline, which followed the rise of this so that after processing will become a scholar so many novel and Romance novels such as "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "Outlaws of the Marsh", "Journey to the West." The author of such novels is the use of private creative and re-created to describe the circumstances of the touching scenes of brilliant and vivid active in shaping the character known, there are obvious story-telling style of language. Here by the redevelopment, it will become an independent literary creation rather than things to come together with the civil process, the representative of this type is the "Golden Lotus", it was an open and ordinary life on the road, the reality is that literature has come a long way The development of the latter's "A Dream of Red Mansions" in ancient China Geng Shiba realism to the novels of the summit. "54" after the novelist began to learn from China's western fiction writing practices, and gradually out a new path. Western novels, is the "Renaissance" after the rapid development of mature. The development of the Middle Ages novel near-stagnation in the West, 14, the end of the century "Renaissance" to overthrow the literature of the Church of control, 15, appeared in the western end of the century to promote freedom of thought and the liberation of personality in order to describe the reality of life and portray characters from all walks of life for the content of the Humanist novels, is to tie in with this type of novel anti-feudal Europe at the time of arising at the same time it also set the novel in the West to human describing the tone of the main things. Jiaqiu Italy's "Decameron", Spain's Cervantes "Don Quixote" is the kind of representative works of fiction. The resulting novel is a classical, elegant favor of its national language to standardize the writing of this novel in 17th century France's most well-developed. As a note on behalf of Corneille's "Cid" neoclassical story of the rise of Western novels have been a language substantially improved. The beginning of the 18th century to promote popular science knowledge, enlightenment of the public consciousness for the purpose of the Enlightenment novels, of which there are relatively well-known German Goethe's "Faust", the United Kingdom Defoe's "Robinson Crusoe" and the Swift "Gulliver's Travels" and so on, this type of novel to the emergence of the bourgeois revolution at the time to mold public opinion. In the 19th century, romantic fiction, realistic novels and critical realism novel turn to occupy the leading position in the field of fiction. Romantic novels, such as France Victor Hugo's "Notre Dame de Paris", Goethe's "juvenile Witt of trouble" and so on, imaginative, unusual ideas, language and imaginative, strong feelings. Efforts to reflect the reality of the novel is the essence of life, and depict typical life of a typical phenomenon in the United Kingdom Dickens, France and Germany are of such novels as a representative of the writer. Critical realism novels exposed the efforts of the decadent feudal system and capitalist society, the dark, in-depth criticism of the reality of evil, France Balzac and Maupassant, the United Kingdom of Charlotte, Bronte,. Russia's Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, the United States of a large number of writers such as Mark Twain's works belong to this category. Value today, the three novels in the West is still the most important of the three types of literary fiction. East-West novel on the history of the development of more or less the case. Second, the characteristics of the novel in the West In addition to the basic characteristics of the novel, the story of the West also have their own characteristics are as follows: 1, the traditional Chinese novel attention to the characters, language and the details of the description, in contradiction to the conflict to display the images, but the character of a single, small changes in the absence of the main flu. Western novels are more people pay attention to the psychological description, stressed that mining figure in the subconscious mind, good at writing full, the changes in the strong sense of the main characters. Again, "coach Lin Feng Snow Mountain Temple" in the figure is only through dialogue and action leads to contradictions and conflicts, but Anna Karenina Wogui before a series of conflicts only with his description of the psychological will be able to express their clear; for poetry in Lin In the performance of her literary talent, and Paul with his inner monologue of the ideal; Zhang Zhong-Yong has only the character, but Jane Eyre's character is the brave, strong, warm, kind-hearted, and so many of the character and rubbing and Cheng's. In short, people in the area described in the West has its own unique features. 2, China compared with Western fiction novel plot twists and turns more and more complete story. Plot twists and turns, the story is complete fiction China's unique traditional arts. The Wei and Jin Zhi Zhi people on the novel twists and turns with vivid characteristics. Tang legend in the layout of many of the famous, magnificent anomaly, rigorous and clever, dramatic plot development. The contents of the Ming and Qing Dynasties novels scattered irregular, undulating waves, Cuoluoyouzhi, careful structure, an integral whole. "A Dream of Red Mansions", everywhere She Fu, Hui turning point, the story of Jia's best writing. Western plot in respect of the outstanding works, although there are many, but it can not be compared with the Chinese novel. 3, concise and lively Chinese language novel, rich in content and rich Western novels. Chinese folk artists absorbed the novel language, at the same time inherited the fine traditions of ancient prose, often a few words will be able to outline the incident or the people. Western novels in the author includes a broad range of knowledge, involve the community in many ways, so rich in content and rich people can gain knowledge in many areas. Engels said he was in Balzac's novel about 19th century France's domestic situation than he received any reports are more. Western novels have different characteristics, and also in the West different aesthetic concepts to a certain extent related. 4, Western novels have been the rule of the feudal culture of oppression destroyed. Chinese feudal culture makes the development of the novel is extremely difficult, Ming and Qing Dynasties more people to write stories for shame, so many great writers living, creating the conditions are not covered, many of the great works of authors who do not know. Western novels in the feudal culture makes almost the whole of the Middle Ages in the development of extremely slow, and many talented writers were forced to church services, wrote some of the religious nature of the article dry hole. Third, Western novels in the future prospects for the development of End of the Qing Dynasty, China and the West have begun to understand the other side of the system, the advantages of the novel in the West have been constantly learn from each other. Of course, due to historical reasons, the Chinese side of the draw a little more. To this day, the novelist in the West efforts are still two researchers in the novel's artistic charm, although the different languages of each other's appreciation of the arts to a certain extent, but the United States are interlinked. We have every reason to believe that in the near future, the novel art in the West will ultimately learn from each other and integrate, develop and reach new artistic heights. References: "Foreign Literature" Shanghai Translation Publishing House Zhou Xu Liang "Contemporary Literature election," Zhang Zhong, such as Beijing University Publishing House "Chinese literature history of the development of" Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House Liu Jie "Literary History of Europe" People's Literature Publishing House Yangzhou Han Wu Da-yuan Zhao Rui radish "Three high school language textbook used by the five dates of the" People's Education Press仅供参考,请自借鉴。希望对您有帮助。

如果说西方服饰文化刻意追求表现人体美,而完全忽视了服饰伦理,那么,中国服饰文化由于受到传统的伦理价值观念的影响还或多或少地保留着一些道德上的体统。譬如《礼记·王制》说:“作淫声异服。奇球奇器以疑众,杀!”(易·系辞》认为:‘始容诲淫”。《左传》称“贪色为淫”。《系辞》是秦、汗间的儒生所作,其后,赵飞燕、梁冀及其妻子等在服饰上的追求奇异和生活的淫乱,更说明了“冶容诲淫”。然而,尽管中国传统服饰文化没有或者很少突出对人体美的直接赞赏,但在一些古典文学作品里不乏对人体美的描写。从《诗经》,骚赋到明清的小说和传奇,其中都有这类描写,譬如“肌如白雪,腰如束素”。“肤如凝脂”、“虎背熊腰”,而且更多的是人与服饰共同构成的美的形象;“著我绣荚裙,事事四五通,足上蹑丝履,头上玳瑁光,腰若流纨素,耳著明月铛,指如削葱根,口如含珠丹,纤纤作细步,精妙世无双。”(《古诗为焦仲卿妻作》);“三月三日天气新,长安水边多丽人。态浓意远淑且真,肌理细腻骨肉匀。绣罗衣赏照暮春,蹙金孔雀银麒麟。头上何所有?翠微訇叶垂鬓唇。背后何所见?珠压腰 稳称身。”(《丽人行》)或许有人会以现代女性服装中的旗袍为例,来证明中国女装也着重表现人体的自然美,其实,这种旗袍是在本世纪上半叶受西方服饰审美趣味影响的结果,直至光绪年间,旗袍还不是现在的式样。传统旗袍在肩、胸、腰、臂、臀等部位的表现与突出人体美的西方女性服装完全不一样。和西方服饰艺术不同的是:中国服饰艺术不是突出人体美,而是充分调动艺术造型等手段追求一种装饰美,即一种超越形体的精神空间。从中国清朝以前的服装款式来看,遮蔽人体的宽抱大油是中国传统服饰的主流。既使某些人的形体很美,这种服装也不去展现这个美的形体。《资治通鉴》引萧何的话说:“天子以四海为家,不壮不丽无以重威,”从这层意义上去看宽抱大袖的中国古代皇帝礼服,我们应会明白它们为什么不去表现皇帝的形体美,而是着重写意传神,突出他们端庄威严的精神力量。屈原在《涉江》中言:“余幼好此奇服兮,年既老而不衰,带长铗之陆离兮,冠切云之崔嵬。”他以穿戴富有自己个性的服饰来表现自己愤世嫉俗,不趋炎附势的气度和情怀。西方服饰人体直观美和中国服饰人体装饰美的区别反映了两种文化形态价值取向的不同。林语堂就曾经指出:“大约中西服装哲学上不同之点,在于西装意在表现人身形体,而中装意在遮盖它。”(《生活的艺术》)莱辛说:“我承认衣服也有一种美,但是比起人体美来,衣服美算得上什么呢?”(转引自《西方美学家论美和美感》)而林语堂则持相反观点:“只有在没有美感的社会,才可以容得住西装……西装的式样是这样的,使街上的行人都会知道你的腰身是三十二寸或三十八寸……一般痴肥的四十岁妇女,穿起祖胸露背的晚服来赴歌剧的初夜公演,这也是西洋发明的刺目事物之一。(《生活的艺术》) 然而,由于中国服饰文化缺乏象伊斯兰一样的宗教观念的制约,所以很难抵卸西方突出人体美的服饰审美价值观的侵蚀。近代的旗袍和现代都市女性的各种扭四人体的服装便证明了这一点。中国有句俗语:“穿衣戴帽各随所好”。这说明中国服饰文化在一定程度上缺少伦理的约束。 当然西方服饰也吸收中国传统服饰的某些特点,譬如,当中国现代服装采用西方女装那种坦肩露背的领式时,西方则采用中国旗袍的立式领,但西方对中国传统服饰特点的吸收和借鉴毕竟是微乎甚微的。中国传统服饰的审美价值观不可能从整体上去改变或者去替代西方人的审美定势,而西方服饰文化则已形成对中国传统服饰文化的强大冲击波,中国人似乎不知不觉地在面临着服饰上的异化。 和伊斯兰服饰文化不同的另一个方面是:中西当代和现代服饰最引人注目的一个特点是:服饰款式不断翻新,追求品牌,高速淘汰,从而给经济资源带来巨大的浪费。这同反对奢靡浪费的伊斯兰服饰伦理学形成了鲜明的对比。翻阅近二十年来中西各国时装杂志,我们很容易发现,许多服装款式的平均寿命只有三至六个月,甚至更短。仅以裙子的款式为例,在二十世纪七十年代就有“中庸裙”、“密实裙”、“密摺把裙装”、“开裙”、“层叠裙装”、古典式裙装”相继问世。许多服装设计师每年都要推出许多新的服装款式,在不断地人为地刺激服装款式高消费的同时也不断地刺激人们的其他欲望。据国外有关资料报道,当英国王妃戴安娜得知自己被列为一九八三年‘十大衣着最差女性”榜首时,感到十分羞傀和难堪,连英国的许多平民百姓也为她祈祷。这一事例极具有讽刺意义。它表明:服饰早已超越了普通人,甚认为,服饰不仅具有实用和装饰的功效,而且更重要的是,它有体现人类在信仰上的崇高精神境界的作用和意义。而中西服饰文化则将服饰艺术视为服装设计的首要原则,前者重装饰艺术;后者重人体艺术。伦理观念对服装设计与制作的调节作用受到不同程度的弱化或摈弃。甚至是英国成员的消费标准和审美标准。这种情形正如乔维诺.庞达诺曾指出的:“我们每天都看到服装是这样变更花样,四个月前还认为满意的服装,今天就已经过时而遭到摈弃。这种放荡不羁,只能受到谴责而无法加以禁止。”(《君主论》)虽然服装上的铺张浪费和追求新奇效应在中国传统服饰文化中从未占据主导地位,但不少有识之士对此却有警世之言在先,譬如,墨子就曾讲过:“为衣服之法,冬则练帛之中,足以为轻且暖;夏则缔络之中,足以为轻且清,谨此则止。故圣人之为衣服,适身体和肌肤而足矣,非荣耳而观愚民也……当今之主,其为衣服……铸金色为钩,珠玉以为佩,女工作文采,男工作刻接,以为身服。此非云益暖之情也,单财劳力,毕归之于无用也。以此观之,其为衣服,非为身体,皆为现好。是以其民淫僻而难治,其君奢侈而难谏也。”(《墨子·辞过》)墨子的话语是多么的中肯和精辟,但至今仍遭非议。 此外,当今的有些时装设计师还有意追求某种荒诞离奇的视觉效应。譬如在西方和日本等国曾一度流行过的“乞丐装”,人们故意把衣服弄破,东拖一片,西挂一片,甚至弄成衣不蔽体的样子。或者用陈旧肮脏的布来制作。 至于伊斯兰服饰伦理学坚决反对的男扮女装,女扮男装,在中西现代服饰中更是司空见惯,屡见不鲜。我们在街上常常可以看到身着男式服饰的所谓“假小子”和头扎辫子,耳戴金环的妖艳男子。还有些服装似乎是受了西方女权主义思潮的影响,有意在消除两性之间的特征差别,提倡所谓:中性服饰”或者“服饰中性化”。 一、伊斯兰服饰文化是以伊斯兰教义这一最根本的、最合理的价值观作为统摄服饰的文化、历史、时代、心理、审美等诸要素的最高主导思想。伊斯兰服饰艺术根本无需伦理学的干预,因为艺术本身就足以陶冶人们的高尚情操。 二、伊斯兰服饰文化强调服装必须遮盖羞体。因为虽然人体作为安拉的创造物是均称健美的,但人体是有男女之别的。暴露羞体很容易激起本能的情欲,从而败坏道德,使人降格为同动物一般。而西方服饰文化则有意突出人体。在将人体作为一种美来观赏时,忽略了人体美的特殊性及人体审美经验的特殊性,混淆了人体美与其他美的形态之间的差异。这种展现和突出人体的审美观是西方服饰文化的基础。它在某种程度上是古罗马文化的历史沉淀。而中国传统服饰文化虽然在一定程度上受到传统伦理价值观的约束,不是重人体的直观表现,而是重装饰的写意和传神,但这种传统伦理价值观缺少象伊斯兰伦理学一般的坚固支撑——认主独一的正信和后世归宿的最终关怀,因此,很难抵卸西方审美价值观在服饰设计与制作上的非道德化倾向的侵蚀,使自身最终发生异化

中美服饰文化研究问题论文

服饰是人类特有的劳动成果,它既是物质文明的结晶,又具精神文明的含意。人类社会经过蒙昧、野蛮到文明时代,缓缓地行进了几十万年。我们的祖先在与猿猴相揖别以后,批着兽皮与树叶,在风雨中徘徊了难以计数的岁月,终于艰难地跨进了文明时代的门槛,懂得了遮身暖体,创造出一个物质文明。然而,追求美是人的天性,衣冠于人,如金装在佛,其作用不仅在遮身暖体,更具有美化的功能。几乎是从服饰起源的那天起,人们就已将其生活习俗、审美情趣、色彩爱好,以及种种文化心态、宗教观念,都沉淀于服饰之中,构筑成了服饰文化精神文明内涵。中华服饰从最初形制“衣裳”到清末,虽然随着历史的沿革朝代的变迁,少数民族文化的浸入,服饰的具体内容有所变化,从春秋战国的曲裙深衣,魏晋时代的大袖袍衫,唐代的圆领窄袖袍,一直到宋代人的圆领大袖袍和清代的马褂长袍……总的形态体现了宽大的特点,与表现人的形体相去甚远。一些颇有见地的西方服饰大师曾一针见血地指出:中国传统服装明显流露出“温顺”的精神。换句话,就是缺乏个性。从中国文化看,要在中国产生出这样个性鲜明,特别能显示男性色彩的领带,在当时几乎是不可能的。从文化的角度看,领带只能从外国传入。 不论在东方,还是在西方,服饰的文化史观总是鲜明地体现了时代的特点、民族的特色,总是充分地浸透了文化的主体特征。只有当一个民族从心理上开始思索反对旧的传统时,包括服饰在内的外在文化层面也随之改换面目,从而鲜明地反映出新的文化观念。 在近代中国,帝国主义列强打开中国的大门,许多有识之士走出国门,寻求国家发展之路,他们回国时,也带回了西方文化。从此伴随着辛亥革命、新文化运动、“五四”运动,中国人的政治、思想文化观念也得到了改变,在服饰方面也开始向传统挑战,出现了西装革履、礼、帽、领带,短装长裙等等。但由于时代的局限和经济的贫穷,加上传统文化的根深蒂固,中国西装、中国领带一直步履艰难,形不成气候。在西方文化影响下,中国人接受了中山装。这种服装具有近代西式男子服装的特点,它省去了个性鲜明的领带,体现着中国传统服饰的观念,服装的四个口袋象征“国之四维”,五个扣子表示“五权分立”,袖子的三粒扣表示“三民主义”,中山装与西服领带相比,透露出中国人含蓄、端庄、文雅的一面,又显示出封闭、保守的另一面,这一着装一直影响到本世纪80年代。

Abstract: Dress culture is a cultural phenomenon unique to human beings. As it has different aesthetic ideas, different dressing concepts and different dress etiquette in China and west, it forms Chinese and western dress culture of the different connotation and characteristics. This thesis is divided into four major sections. The first part describes the different features of Chinese and western dress and why people wear clothing. The second part describes cultural differences between Chinese and western clothing. The third part gives an analysis of Chinese and western dress culture. The last part describes Chinese and western dress aesthetic culture and dress concept. Based on the analysis, the thesis finally draws a conclusion. Chinese and western dress culture each has rich connotation and distinct characteristics, which are precious cultural legacy which is left by human ancestors and are the world culture heritage. At the same time, we treasure our own civilization of five thousand years instead of belittling ourselves. It is significant to promote and develop our unique costume culture. We are confident and make contributions to realizing the rejuvenation of our Chinese nation and enriching the clothing culture of the whole world. Key words: Chinese and western clothing; culture;differences;aesthetic culture and clothing concepts 摘要摘要摘要摘要::::服饰文化是人类特有的文化现象。由于中西方各民族的审美观念、着装理念和服饰礼仪的不同,从而形成了不同内涵、不同特色的中西方服饰文化。本文共分为四部分。第一部分主要介绍了中西服饰的不同特征以及为什么人要穿衣服,第二部分写中西方服饰的差异,第三部分写导致中西方服饰文化差异的原因,第四部分则写中西方服饰审美文化和着装理念。通过以上简单的论述,最后得出结论,中西方服饰文化各具有丰富的内涵和鲜明的特色,她们都是人类祖先留下来的宝贵文化遗产 ,是世界文化的瑰宝。与此同时,我们应该珍惜自己五千年的文明而不是贬低自己的文明。促进和发展我们独特的民族服饰文化具有重要的意义。为了实现我们中华民族的文化复兴和丰富整个世界的文化,让我们自信起来吧! 关键词关键词关键词关键词::::中西服饰;文化;差异性;审美文化与着装理念Introduction Costume culture, carried by costume, is a respect of our physical and spiritual life and a mixture of our psychological activities like consciousness, emotion, idea and ideal. The rapid development of advanced technology makes multiculturalism stand out and also makes conflicts between China and the West increase. In that case, it becomes more and more important to recognize the similarities and differences of costume culture between China and the West. Nowadays, the whole world is, to some extent, dominated by the western costume culture, which has wound its way into the daily life of the whole world, together with technology, life style and values from the West. Quite popular in China, it’s nominally called “internationalization” or “globalization”. In recent years, the costume industry of China has developed swiftly. The “international” costume, featured by the western costume culture, has become a pretty important part of our daily life. However, as our economy takes off, international status rises and living standard improves, a wave of national costume culture resurgence is rising. Moreover, people from the West pay more and more attention to the giant dragon in the East——China. Western costume designers constantly introduce Chinese costume cultural elements to their latest designs. Those phenomena arouse a series of thoughts: what distinguishes Chinese costume culture from the western one? Are there any similarities between them? What kind of costume culture will we Chinese hold as the mainstream in the future, the so-called “international” western one, the Chinese one or the fusion of the two? To obtain the answers to these questions, we are supposed to study and contrast carefully the characteristics and developing processes of them, and then draw some regularity. To contrast the costume culture between China and the West, it is necessary for us to master a good knowledge of the Chinese and western costume cultural 1 Chinese and western dress The different features of Chinese and western dress China is known as “Xia” as it’s a land of propriety, and it’s also known as “Hua” with the beauty of its costume. (①《左传》p83) Our national costume is Hanfu. It originated in the Yanhuang era, formed in the Spring and Autumn Period and officially took form in Han Dynasty. That’s the reason why it’s called “Hanfu”. Since then, in spite of historical evolutions of all ages, their basic characteristics have never changed. Hanfu, on the whole, can be divided into four developing stages: Zhou Han Hanfu, Wei Jin Hanfu, Sui Tang Hanfu and Song Ming Hanfu. Zhou Han Hanfu was featured by dignity and simplicity, while Wei Jin Hanfu by chic and elegance, Sui Tang Hanfu by dignified, graceful, elegant and poised style. Hanfu in Song and Ming Dynasties epitomizes the characteristics of the past-simple, dignified, elegant, etc. In Qing Dynasty, Hanfu was forbidden by the government and disappeared from the land of China. The main features of Chinese clothing are focusing on the right collar’s overlap, the band deducted hidden, big sleeves, no buttons and using string binding, giving the impression of free and easy flowing. These characteristics are obviously different from those of other ethnic costumes. Hanfu is divided into uniform and common clothing. With strict standards, uniform is dressed on formal occasions while the common clothing, without long sleeves, is very convenient to people’s daily life. However, the western clothing is different form the Chinese clothing. The West belongs to Marine civilization, it emphasizes the subjective and objective separation and that we should rationally treat clothing, advocate releasing personality, stress dress effect and be good at showing beautiful the posture of the body. Besides, we use various clipping, color collocation means to perfect bodily curve and give a person with visual comfort in the modeling. A suit, also known as a business suit, comprises a collection of matching clothing consisting of: a coat﹙commonly known as a jacket﹚,a waistcoat﹙optional﹚﹙USA vest﹚for men, a pair of trousers﹙USA pants﹚, or for women, a shirt or trousers. A suit is generally accompanied by torment, a shirt and tie or for women, a blouse. Why people wear clothingChinese people are concerned more about its social function of helping to rule a country well than that of keeping warm or decorating. It has a lot to do with ruling a country to regulate the dressing way of the common people. Nevertheless, the westerners pay more attention to its wealth value and function. Therefore, people put on clothing for functional and social reasons. The functional reason The first use of clothing is to resist the cold and cover the body. Functions of clothing include providing the human body protection against extremes of climate (extreme heat, icy winters, and drenching storms) and protection against insects, noxious, chemicals, and contact with abrasive substances. In sum, clothing protects human beings against anything that might injure the naked, unprotected human body. The social reason Clothing also delivers social messages to other humans. Social messages sent by clothing, accessories, and decorations can involve social status, occupation, ethnic and religious belief, marital status, cultural degree and sexual availability, etc. For example, only Roman citizens can wear “Toga” in Rome while dragon robe can only be dressed by the emperor in China.

Western novels in comparison First, Western novels in the history of the development of Western novels are based on myths and legends of its origin. In ancient times, science developed, out of fear of nature, the working people out of the imagination is the key to many of the world "God", describing the personification of God is a myth; who will describe the deified, that is legend. China opened the world's Pan story, the story of San Juan Five Emperors, the West Greek mythology, Roman mythology, Norse mythology, and so on are all typical works. East and West, the original novel, is closely linked with the history, as historical records complement the event. China Pre-Qin prose in the fable, the Han dynasty in the history books, biographies, the Wei and Jin Zhi, Zhi-person novel; the West of ancient Babylon, "the United States and Ji Jia disabilities epic", in ancient Greece, "Homer's epic," "Aesop's Fables "And so on, fall into this category, fiction, novels such novels have been about the characteristics of fiction, it is still not the literary creation, directly from the private collection record, so this type of fiction plot is relatively simple, writing rough comparison. Ban Gu said, "On the Street Lane words, hearsay are made of" is a novel kind of accurate assessment of the image. China's Tang Dynasty, the novel is only from history and literature become a creativity. Tang Dynasty culture has developed, the author's ideas are more open, the legend came into being at this time, Li Zhaowei "Liu Yi Chuan", Po Chu's "Everlasting Regret," Wolf's "Everlasting Regret Chuan" And so on, are made in accordance with the creation of the legend. For the fictional story of the Tang Dynasty more emphasis on imagination and literary talent, not just the history of the nature of things, but as the history of Zhi Zhi who is also the novel did not stop. The Legend of the Song Dynasty to the novel on a gradual decline, which followed the rise of this so that after processing will become a scholar so many novel and Romance novels such as "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "Outlaws of the Marsh", "Journey to the West." The author of such novels is the use of private creative and re-created to describe the circumstances of the touching scenes of brilliant and vivid active in shaping the character known, there are obvious story-telling style of language. Here by the redevelopment, it will become an independent literary creation rather than things to come together with the civil process, the representative of this type is the "Golden Lotus", it was an open and ordinary life on the road, the reality is that literature has come a long way The development of the latter's "A Dream of Red Mansions" in ancient China Geng Shiba realism to the novels of the summit. "54" after the novelist began to learn from China's western fiction writing practices, and gradually out a new path. Western novels, is the "Renaissance" after the rapid development of mature. The development of the Middle Ages novel near-stagnation in the West, 14, the end of the century "Renaissance" to overthrow the literature of the Church of control, 15, appeared in the western end of the century to promote freedom of thought and the liberation of personality in order to describe the reality of life and portray characters from all walks of life for the content of the Humanist novels, is to tie in with this type of novel anti-feudal Europe at the time of arising at the same time it also set the novel in the West to human describing the tone of the main things. Jiaqiu Italy's "Decameron", Spain's Cervantes "Don Quixote" is the kind of representative works of fiction. The resulting novel is a classical, elegant favor of its national language to standardize the writing of this novel in 17th century France's most well-developed. As a note on behalf of Corneille's "Cid" neoclassical story of the rise of Western novels have been a language substantially improved. The beginning of the 18th century to promote popular science knowledge, enlightenment of the public consciousness for the purpose of the Enlightenment novels, of which there are relatively well-known German Goethe's "Faust", the United Kingdom Defoe's "Robinson Crusoe" and the Swift "Gulliver's Travels" and so on, this type of novel to the emergence of the bourgeois revolution at the time to mold public opinion. In the 19th century, romantic fiction, realistic novels and critical realism novel turn to occupy the leading position in the field of fiction. Romantic novels, such as France Victor Hugo's "Notre Dame de Paris", Goethe's "juvenile Witt of trouble" and so on, imaginative, unusual ideas, language and imaginative, strong feelings. Efforts to reflect the reality of the novel is the essence of life, and depict typical life of a typical phenomenon in the United Kingdom Dickens, France and Germany are of such novels as a representative of the writer. Critical realism novels exposed the efforts of the decadent feudal system and capitalist society, the dark, in-depth criticism of the reality of evil, France Balzac and Maupassant, the United Kingdom of Charlotte, Bronte,. Russia's Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, the United States of a large number of writers such as Mark Twain's works belong to this category. Value today, the three novels in the West is still the most important of the three types of literary fiction. East-West novel on the history of the development of more or less the case. Second, the characteristics of the novel in the West In addition to the basic characteristics of the novel, the story of the West also have their own characteristics are as follows: 1, the traditional Chinese novel attention to the characters, language and the details of the description, in contradiction to the conflict to display the images, but the character of a single, small changes in the absence of the main flu. Western novels are more people pay attention to the psychological description, stressed that mining figure in the subconscious mind, good at writing full, the changes in the strong sense of the main characters. Again, "coach Lin Feng Snow Mountain Temple" in the figure is only through dialogue and action leads to contradictions and conflicts, but Anna Karenina Wogui before a series of conflicts only with his description of the psychological will be able to express their clear; for poetry in Lin In the performance of her literary talent, and Paul with his inner monologue of the ideal; Zhang Zhong-Yong has only the character, but Jane Eyre's character is the brave, strong, warm, kind-hearted, and so many of the character and rubbing and Cheng's. In short, people in the area described in the West has its own unique features. 2, China compared with Western fiction novel plot twists and turns more and more complete story. Plot twists and turns, the story is complete fiction China's unique traditional arts. The Wei and Jin Zhi Zhi people on the novel twists and turns with vivid characteristics. Tang legend in the layout of many of the famous, magnificent anomaly, rigorous and clever, dramatic plot development. The contents of the Ming and Qing Dynasties novels scattered irregular, undulating waves, Cuoluoyouzhi, careful structure, an integral whole. "A Dream of Red Mansions", everywhere She Fu, Hui turning point, the story of Jia's best writing. Western plot in respect of the outstanding works, although there are many, but it can not be compared with the Chinese novel. 3, concise and lively Chinese language novel, rich in content and rich Western novels. Chinese folk artists absorbed the novel language, at the same time inherited the fine traditions of ancient prose, often a few words will be able to outline the incident or the people. Western novels in the author includes a broad range of knowledge, involve the community in many ways, so rich in content and rich people can gain knowledge in many areas. Engels said he was in Balzac's novel about 19th century France's domestic situation than he received any reports are more. Western novels have different characteristics, and also in the West different aesthetic concepts to a certain extent related. 4, Western novels have been the rule of the feudal culture of oppression destroyed. Chinese feudal culture makes the development of the novel is extremely difficult, Ming and Qing Dynasties more people to write stories for shame, so many great writers living, creating the conditions are not covered, many of the great works of authors who do not know. Western novels in the feudal culture makes almost the whole of the Middle Ages in the development of extremely slow, and many talented writers were forced to church services, wrote some of the religious nature of the article dry hole. Third, Western novels in the future prospects for the development of End of the Qing Dynasty, China and the West have begun to understand the other side of the system, the advantages of the novel in the West have been constantly learn from each other. Of course, due to historical reasons, the Chinese side of the draw a little more. To this day, the novelist in the West efforts are still two researchers in the novel's artistic charm, although the different languages of each other's appreciation of the arts to a certain extent, but the United States are interlinked. We have every reason to believe that in the near future, the novel art in the West will ultimately learn from each other and integrate, develop and reach new artistic heights. References: "Foreign Literature" Shanghai Translation Publishing House Zhou Xu Liang "Contemporary Literature election," Zhang Zhong, such as Beijing University Publishing House "Chinese literature history of the development of" Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House Liu Jie "Literary History of Europe" People's Literature Publishing House Yangzhou Han Wu Da-yuan Zhao Rui radish "Three high school language textbook used by the five dates of the" People's Education Press仅供参考,请自借鉴。希望对您有帮助。

浅析中国历代服饰与文化 服饰是人类特有的劳动成果,它既是物质文明的结晶,又具精神文明的含意。人类社会经蒙昧、野蛮到文明时代,缓缓地行进了几十 万年。几乎是从服饰起源的那天起,人们就已将其生活习俗、审美情趣、色彩爱好,以及种种文化心态、宗教观念,都积淀于服饰之中,构筑成了服饰文化精神文明内涵。本文章将从中国历代服饰的介绍,探讨服饰文化体现的本色品味的经典风情和人类智慧的相通、相容性以及阶级观念在服装上的体现。原始社会服饰从出土文物方面考察,服饰史的源头,可上溯到原始社会旧石器时代晚期 。在北京周口店山顶洞人(距今万年左右)遗址中,发现有1枚骨针和141件钻孔的石、骨、贝、牙装饰品。中华服饰文化史由此发端。在纺织品出现之后,贯头衣已发展为一种定型服式,在相当长时期、极广阔的地域和较多的民族中普遍应用,基本上替代了旧石器时代部件衣着,成为人类服装的粗型。新石器时代除有笼统式服装外,还从一些陶塑遗物发现有冠、靴、头饰、佩饰。商周服饰由商代到西周,是区分等级的上衣下裳形制和冠服制度以及服章制度逐步确立的时期。西周时,等级制度逐步确立,周王朝设“司服”、“内司服”官职,掌管王室服饰。根据文献记载和出土文物分析,中国冠服制度,初步建立于夏商时期,到周代已完整完善 ,春秋战国之交被纳入礼治。从周代出土的人形文物看,服饰装饰虽繁简不同,但上衣下裳已分明,奠定了中国服装的基本形制。春秋战国服饰春秋战国时期织绣工艺的巨大进步,使服饰材料日益精细,品种名目日见繁多。工艺的传播,使多样、精美的衣着服饰脱颖而出。春秋战国时期,不仅王侯本人一身华服,从臣客卿也是足饰珠玑,腰金佩玉,衣裘冠履,均求贵重。古人佩玉,尊卑有度,并赋以人格象征 。影响所及,上层人士不论男女,都须佩带几件或成组列的美丽雕玉。春秋战国时期的衣着,上层人物的宽博、下层社会的窄小,已趋迥然。深衣有将身体深藏之意,是士大夫阶层居家的便服,又是庶人百姓的礼服,男女通用。春秋战国时期的衣服款式空前丰富多样,不仅表现于深衣和胡服。乐人有戴风兜帽的,舞人有长及数尺的袖子,有人还常戴鸱角或鹊尾冠,穿小袖长裙衣和斜露臂褶的下裳。这些都与多彩的社会生活相关。秦汉服饰这一时期的衣料较春秋战国时期丰富,深衣也得到了新的发展。特别在汉代,随着舆服制度的建立,服饰的官阶等级区别也更加严格。秦汉服装面料仍重锦绣。西汉建元三年、元狩四年,张骞奉命两次出使西域,开辟了中国与西方各国的陆路通道,成千上万匹丝绸源源外运,历魏晋隋唐,迄未中断,史称丝绸之路。于是,中华服饰文化传往世界。自秦而汉,深衣有了一些发展和变化。从东汉社会上层来看,通裁的袍服转入制度化。秦代服制与战国时无大差别,保持深衣的基本形制。西汉男女服装,仍沿袭深衣形式。不论单、绵,多是上衣和下裳分裁合缝连为一体,上下依旧不通缝、不通幅;外衣里面都有中衣及内衣,其领袖缘一并显露在外,成为定型化套装。下着紧口大裤,保持“褒衣大裙”风格。秦代服制,服色尚黑。汉代有了舆服制度。史书列有皇帝与群臣的礼服、朝服、常服等20余种。服饰上的等级差别已十分明显。主要表现在:冠服在因袭旧制的基础上,发展成为区分等级的基本标识;佩绶制度确立为区分官阶的标识。魏晋南北朝服饰魏晋和南北朝时期 ,等级服饰有所变革,民族服饰大为交融。冠帽已多用文人沿用的幅巾代替。魏初,文帝曹丕制定九品官位制度,“以紫绯绿三色为九品之别”。这一制度此后历代相沿杂而用之,直到元明。晋代的首服除幅巾为社会沿用之外,有官职的男子还戴小冠子,而冠上再加纱帽的称漆纱笼冠,本是两汉武士之制,传之又传,不仅用于男官员,并流传民间且男女通用。南北朝时,北方少数民族入主中原,人民错居杂处,政治、经济、文化风习相互渗透,形成大融合局面,服饰也因而改易发展。北方民族短衣打扮的袴褶渐成主流,不分贵贱、男女都可穿用。女子衣着“上俭下丰”。东晋末至齐、梁间,衣着为襦裙套装,原始于汉代,晋代时具有了上衣短小、下裙宽大的特色,流行一时。另一方面,少数民族服饰受汉朝典章礼仪影响,穿起了汉族服装。魏孝文帝推行华化政策,改拓跋姓氏,率“群臣皆服汉魏衣冠 ” 。原来鲜卑族穿着夹领小袖衣服这次改革旧俗,史称孝文改制,使秦汉以来冠服旧制得以赓续,推动了中华服饰文化的发展。隋唐服饰隋唐时期,中国由分裂而统一 ,由战乱而稳定,经济文化繁荣,服饰的发展无论衣料还是衣式,都呈现出一派空前灿烂的景象。隋唐时期男子冠服特点主要是上层人物穿长袍,官员戴幞头,百姓着短衫。直到五代,变化不大。天子、百官的官服用颜色来区分等级,用花纹表示官阶。隋唐女装富有时装性,往往由争奇的宫廷妇女服装发展到民间,被纷纷仿效,又往往受西北民族影响而别具一格。隋唐时期最时兴的女子衣着是襦裙,即短上衣加长裙,裙腰以绸带高系,几乎及腋下。唐代妇女的发饰多种多样,各有专名。女鞋一般是花鞋,多用锦绣织物、彩帛、皮革做成。唐人善于融合西北少数民族和天竺、波斯等外来文化,唐贞观至开元年间十分流行胡服新装。宋辽夏金元服饰宋代基本保留了汉民族服饰的风格 ,辽、西夏、金及元代的服饰则分别具有契丹、党项、女真及蒙古民族的特点。各民族服饰再度交流与融合。宋代服饰大致有官服、便服、遗老服等三式。宋代官服面料以罗为主,政府因五代旧制,每年要赠送亲贵大臣锦缎袍料,分七宋代灵鹫球纹锦袍等不同花色。官服服色沿袭唐制,三品以上服紫,五品以上服朱,七品以上服绿,九品以上服青。宋代官服又沿袭唐代章服的佩鱼制度,有资格穿紫、绯色公服的官员都须在腰间佩挂“鱼袋”,袋内装有金、银、铜制成的鱼,以区别官品。辽、西夏、金分别为中国古代契丹、党项、女真民族建立的政权,其服饰反映了在与汉民族进行长期文化交流中,各自发扬民族传统的发展轨迹。党项族妇女多着翻领胡服,领间刺绣精美。契丹、女真族一般穿窄袖圆领齐膝外衣,足下着长统靴,宜于马上作战射猎;妇女穿窄袖交领袍衫,长齐足背,都是左衽,正与汉人相反,所习惯穿用的钓墩传到内地曾广为流行。辽金政权考虑到与汉族杂处共存的现实,都曾设“南官”制度,以汉族治境内汉人,对汉族官员采用唐宋官服旧制。辽代以丝绸官服上山水鸟兽刺绣纹样区分官品,影响到明清官服的等级标识,金代则以官服上花朵纹样大小定尊卑,品级最低的用无纹或小菱纹的芝麻罗。契丹、女真男服因便于行动,也为汉人采用。元代参酌古今蒙汉服制,对上下官民服色等作了统一规定。汉官服式仍多为唐式圆领衣和幞头;蒙古族官员则穿合领衣,戴四方瓦楞帽;中下层为便于马上驰骋,最时兴腰间多褶的辫线袄子,戴笠子帽。元代每年举行10余次大朝会,届时万千官员穿同一颜色、式样并加饰纳石矢金锦珠宝的高级礼服,称作质孙服,糜费为历朝少有。这种服式到明代却被用作差役服装。明清服饰明代以汉族传统服装为主体 ,清代则以满族服装为大流。而两代上下层社会的服饰均有明显等级。上层社会的官服是权力的象征,历来受到统治阶级的重视。自唐宋以降,龙袍和黄色就为王室所专用。百官公服自南北朝以来紫色为贵。明朝因皇帝姓朱 ,遂以朱为正色 ,又因《论语》有“恶紫之夺朱也”,紫色自官服中废除不用。最有特色的是用“补子”表示品级。上层妇女中已着用高跟鞋,并有里高底、外高底之分。明代普通百姓的服装或长、或短、或衫、或裙,基本上承袭了旧传统,且品种十分丰富。服饰用色方面,平民妻女只能衣紫、绿、桃红等色,以免与官服正色相混;劳动大众只许用褐色。一般人的帽,除唐宋以来旧样依然流行外,朱元璋又亲自制订两种,颁行全国,士庶通用。一种是方桶状黑漆纱帽,称四方平定巾;一种是由六片合成的半球形小帽,称六合一统帽,取意四海升平、天下归一。清王朝时,以暴力手段推行剃发易服,按满族习俗统一男子服饰。顺治九年,钦定《服色肩舆条例》颁行,从此废除了浓厚汉民族色彩的冠冕衣裳。明代男子一律蓄发挽髻,着宽松衣,穿长统袜、浅面鞋;清时则剃发留辫,辫垂脑后,穿瘦削的马蹄袖箭衣、紧袜、深统靴。但官民服饰依律泾渭分明。清代官服主要品种为长袍马褂。官帽与前朝截然不同,凡军士、差役以上军政人员都戴似斗笠而小的纬帽,按冬夏季节有暖帽、凉帽之分,还视品级高低安上不同颜色、质料的“顶子”,帽后拖一束孔雀翎。翎称花翎,高级的翎上有“眼”,并有单眼、双眼、三眼之别,眼多者为贵,只有亲王或功勋卓著的大臣才被赏戴。皇帝有时还赏穿黄马褂,以示特别恩宠。影响所及,其他颜色的马褂遂在官员士绅中逐渐流行,成为一般的礼服。四、五品以上官员还项挂朝珠,用各种贵重珠宝、香木制成,构成清代官服的又一特点。丝纺绣染及各种手工专业的进步,为清代服饰品种的丰富创造了条件。清代女装,汉、满族发展情况不一。汉族妇女在康熙 、雍正时期还保留明代款式,时兴小袖衣和长裙;乾隆以后 ,衣服渐肥渐短,袖口日宽,再加云肩,花样翻新无可底止;到晚清时都市妇女已去裙着裤,衣上镶花边、滚牙子,一衣之贵大都花在这上面。满族妇女着“旗装”,梳旗髻,穿“花盆底”旗鞋。至于后世流传的所谓旗袍,长期主要用于宫廷和王室。清代后期,旗袍也为汉族中的贵妇所仿用。现代服饰 (1912年以来)辛亥革命结束了2000多年的封建君主专制,中华民族的服饰进入了新时代。在此之前,改良主义者康有为于1894年、外交大臣伍廷芳于宣统初年,曾上书改革服制和服式;中国留学生也改穿西装。随着中外交流的加强,五彩纷呈的服装终于冲垮了衣冠等级制度。传统的袍、衫、袄、裤、裙越来越多地接受西方服饰影响,并被许多新品种新款式取而代之。男装,民国初年出现西装革履与长袍马褂并行不悖的局面。穿着中西装都戴礼帽,被认为是最庄重的服饰。20年代前后出现中山装,逐渐在城市普及。广大农村一直沿用传统的袄裤,头戴毡帽或斗笠,脚着自家缝纳的布鞋。女装,辛亥革命带来了多样化,一身袄裤之外,又多穿用袄裙套装。20年代以来,妇女喜爱旗袍,旗袍逐渐成为时装而不衰。中华人民共和国建立后,服饰崇尚简朴实用 。50~70年代,中山装渐成男子主体服装,此外流行过军便装,人民装;女装受苏联影响,连衣裙风靡城市,此外还流行过列宁装等。但在农村,上衣下裤一直是大多数农民的传统装束。1978年后,中国实行改革开放政策,体现时代精神,具有中华民族特色的服饰如雨后春笋般发展起来,面貌簇新。

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