环境污染与可持续发展论文范文英文版初中生
中英文的没有，只有英文，自己翻译去吧
一天，我在校园走了一圈，发现校园里的垃圾还真不少，塑料袋，碎纸，雪糕纸…… 这些引起了我的反思—— 我们天天都是生活在大自然中。生活在这美好的一切当中。地球妈妈慷慨的为我们提供各种无限而又有限的资源，让我们“丰衣足食”，而人类不但不知足，反而还破坏地球母亲。随着时代的变化，人们的要求也越来越高，他们把一棵棵大树砍下做成木船、一次性筷子等一切对人类有利的东西，而这些在人类的眼里总是一闪而过，对于大自然是多么大的破坏。 虽然，现在人们处处在宣传环保，呼吁绿色，但这样仍然没有阻止破坏者的脚步，一棵棵大树仍在倒下，沙漠的面积仍在扩大。 现在，由于人类大量地砍伐树木，所以现在荒漠正吞噬着大自然，吞噬着整个地球，人们啊！难道你们就心甘情愿地看着大片的绿的被破坏？这种塑料很难腐烂，被称之为“白色污染”，用过的废弃物十分难以处理。如果埋掉，会破坏土壤结构；烧掉它，能生产出氟化物，氢化物等有毒或剧毒气体，危害人畜。真没想到，一个小小的塑料袋竟然有这么大的危害。 人们还没有意识到自己所播种的灾难时，大自然已愤然回击。海洋与大气向人类发出了警告。全球不论哪一个海域，不管它与工农业活动区有多么遥远，从北极冰岛到南极大陆，到处都不同程度的监测到有害物质，唉！我以前喜欢的海洋到哪里去了？绿如蓝，成记忆了吗? 现如今高速发展中的中国，无论是在经济，文化，政治，还是在信息产业上，都有突飞猛进的增长，在高速发展的轨道上急速行使时，中国的人们似乎忘记了一个最古老，也是最基本的问题——道德素质。 中国自古就是礼仪之邦。古代昌盛的儒家思想，也都是把“仁”和“礼”放在首位的。古代的道德方面的故事也是数不胜数，孔融吃梨时把大的让给长辈。晋国重耳与楚国大战时，遵守诺言，主动退避三舍。刘备三顾茅庐请诸葛孔明出山时，不耻以诚相待……这许许多多的感人肺腑的故事，映衬了一个重视道德素质的古代极为发达的中国，可现如今…… 中国的青山绿水，正遭受到极度的摧残。工业废水的大量排放污染了我们民族的血液。森林大面积地砍伐、毁坏，使得洪水肆意猖獗，所到之处，民不聊生，眼睁睁看着家园被洪水吞噬，无不心痛。更有甚者，祖国的大动脉——黄河，已经不再是昔日养育中华民族起源的鱼肥水美之处了，却成了世界含沙量最多的河流，每年带走的泥土，不可估量。大片土地的沙漠化，也正袭击着我们居住的城市。人们为了贪图自己的利益，在食品里放添加剂来牟取巨大的利润。由于食物中毒而导致死亡的事也时有发生。在校园里，同学们为了方便而忽略了环保的意识，口香糖随口一吐，致使校园的地面上留下了一道道黑色的“伤疤”。这数也数不清的道德问题正困扰着这条“东方的巨龙”甚至影响了它未来的发展。 相比之下，我们的邻国，日本与韩国，在2002年日韩世界杯上，球迷观看完足球比赛后，离开后的座位竟然没有留下一个废物，我依旧记得报纸那天报道的标题是“可怕，可敬的日韩民众”。而国民在每一次公众场所聚集后，都需要工作人员反复地检查，确定不再有垃圾。更有甚者，每当表演与比赛不是那么尽如人意时，总是能见到在比赛场地上看台上有着塑料瓶和废纸团等垃圾。在美国，父母带着小孩子在商场等公共场所是，若有垃圾，不论垃圾箱有多远，父母都会鼓励自己的孩子，自觉地把垃圾扔进垃圾袋。而中国的父母在孩子手中有垃圾时，则是告诉他将垃圾偷偷地扔在一个角落，根本就没有想到这样会有什么后果。更夸张的是街头大小便与城市小广告比比皆是。先不谈中国与其他发达国家的差距到底在哪里，上述的话语也该能让各位心知肚明了吧。 说到我自己，我在以前也确实有过没有注意道德规范的时候，现在，我已经不再是小孩，当口中有痰是，我会稍加思考，拿出纸巾，包好，再扔入垃圾桶。当手中攥着糖纸时，我也会稍加思考，直到手中冒汗，我也会扔进垃圾桶。当眼前面对着红灯时，我依旧会多加思索，静静地等待着绿灯的再次闪烁……你要问我为什么，我会告诉你：我是新一代的中国人。 如今，21世纪的中国在发展的列车上畅通无阻地前进时，我们依然不能忘记那“老掉牙”的道德行为，它就像是一把“双刃剑”，既可以成为发展列车上的“润滑油”，也可以成为发展道路上的“拦路虎”。在新闻中不断报道着经济、财政、农业生产、文化教育的同时，我也希望看到一些关于道德素质的报道。明天的我们，应该如何行动呢？ 我呼吁：不要再破坏我们自己的家园了，保护环境人人有责，保护环境从我做起，从现在做起！加上英文翻译就ok了
中国的环境保护问题（英汉对照）中国政府十分重视因人口增长和经济发展而出现的环境问题，把保护环境作为提高人民生活水平和生活质量的一个重要方面。为了促进经济、社会与环境的协调发展，中国在80年代制定并实施了一系列保护环境的方针、政策、法律和措施。The Chinese government has paid great attention to the environmental issues arising from the country's population growth and economic development， and has made protecting the environment an important aspect of the improvement of the people's living standards and quality of In order to promote coordinated development between the economy， the society and the environment， China enacted and implemented a series of principles， policies， laws and measures for environmental protection in the ——确立环境保护为中国的一项基本国策。防治环境污染和生态破坏以及合理开发利用自然资源关系到国家的全局利益和长远发展，中国政府坚定不移地贯彻执行环境保护这项基本国策。-- Making environmental protection one of China's basic national The prevention and control of environmental pollution and ecological destruction and the rational exploitation and utilization of natural resources are of vital importance to the country's overall interests and long-term The Chinese government is unswervingly carrying out the basic national policy of environmental ——制定经济建设、城乡建设和环境建设同步规划、同步实施、同步发展，实现经济效益、社会效益、环境效益相统一的指导方针，实行“预防为主，防治结合”、“谁污染，谁治理”和“强化环境管理”三大政策。-- Formulating the guiding principles of simultaneous planning， simultaneous implementation and simultaneous development for economic construction， urban and rural construction and environmental construction， and combining the economic returns with social effects and environmental benefits; and carrying out the three major policies of ``prevention first and combining prevention with control，'' ``making the causer of pollution responsible for treating it'' and ``intensifying environmental '' ——颁布实施环境保护的法律法规，把环境保护建立在法制的基础上，不断完善环境法律体系，严格执法程序，加大执法力度，保证环境法律法规的有效实施。-- Promulgating and putting into effect laws and regulations regarding environmental protection and placing environmental protection on a legal footing， continuously improving the statutes concerning the environment， formulating strict law-enforcement procedures and increasing the intensity of law enforcement so as to ensure the effective implementation of the environmental laws and ——坚持环境保护纳入国民经济和社会发展计划，实施国家指导下的宏观调控与管理，逐步增加对环境保护的投入，使环境保护与各项建设事业统筹兼顾，协调发展。-- Persisting in incorporating environmental protection into the plans for national economic and social development， introducing to it macro regulation and management under state guidance， and gradually increasing environmental protection input so as to give simultaneous consideration to environmental protection and other undertakings and ensure their coordinated ——建立健全各级政府的环境保护机构，形成比较完善的环境管理体制，充分发挥环境监督管理的作用。-- Establishing and improving environmental protection organizations under governments at all levels， forming a rather complete environmental control system， and bringing into full play the governments' role in environmental supervision and ——加速环境科学技术的进步。加强基础理论研究，组织科技攻关，开发和推广防治环境污染的实用技术，扶植环境保护产业的发展，初步形成了环境保护科研体系。-- Accelerating progress in environmental science and Strengthening research into basic theories， organizing the tackling of key scientific and technological problems， developing and popularizing prac"itical technology for environmental pollution prevention and control， fostering the growth of environmental protection industries， and giving initial shape to an environmental protection scientific research ——开展环境宣传教育，提高全民族的环境意识。广泛进行环境宣传，逐步普及中小学环境教育，发展环境保护在职教育和专业教育，培养环境科学技术和管理方面的专门人才。-- Carrying out environmental publicity and education to enhance the whole nation's awareness of the Widely conducting environmental publicity work， gradually popularizing environmental education in secondary and primary schools， developing on-the-job education in environ"imen tal protection and vocational education， and training specialized personnel in environmental science and technology as well as environmental ——推进环境保护领域的国际合作。积极发展同世界各国和国际组织在环境与发展方面的交流与合作，认真履行国际环境公约，努力发挥中国在国际环境事务中的作用。-- Promoting international cooperation in the field of environmental Actively expanding exchanges and cooperation concerning the environment and development with other countries and international organizations， earnestly implementing international environmental conventions， and seeking scope for China's role in global environmental 进入90年代，国际社会与世界各国在探索解决环境与发展问题的道路上迈出了重要一步。1992年6月，联合国环境与发展大会把可持续发展作为未来共同的发展战略，得到了与会各国政府的普遍赞同。Since the beginning of the 1990s the international community and various countries have made an important step forward in exploring solutions to problems of the environment and The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development， held in June 1992， made sustainable development the strategy for common development in the future， and this won wide acclaim from the governments of all countries represented at the 1992年8月，联合国环境与发展大会之后，中国政府提出了中国环境与发展应采取的十大对策，明确指出走可持续发展道路是当代中国以及未来的必然选择。In August 1992， shortly after that conference， the Chinese government put forward ten major measures China was to adopt to enhance its environment and development， clearly pointing out that the road of sustainable development was a logical choice for China now and in the 1994年3月，中国政府批准发布了《中国21世纪议程 ——�中国21世纪人口、环境与发展白皮书》，从人口、环境与发展的具体国情出发，提出了中国可持续发展的总体战略、对策以及行动方案。有关部门和地方也分别制定了实施可持续发展战略的行动计划。In March 1994 the Chinese government approved and promulgated China's Agenda 21 -- White Paper on China's Population， Environment， and Development in the 21st C This document， proceeding from the country's specific national conditions in these three respects， put forward China's overall strategy， measures and program of action for sustainable The various departments and localities also worked out their respective plans of action to implement the strategy for sustainable 1996年3月，第八届全国人民代表大会第四次会议审议通过的《中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展“九五”计划和2010年远景目标纲要》，把实施可持续发展作为现代化建设的一项重大战略，使可持续发展战略在中国经济建设和社会发展过程中得以实施。 At its Fourth Session in March 1996 China's Eighth National People's Congress examined and adopted the Ninth Five-Year Plan of the People's Republic of China for National Economic and Social Development and the Outline of the Long-Term Target for the Year Both the Plan and Outline take sustainable development as an important strategy for modernization， thus making it possible for the implementation of the strategy of sustainable development in the course of China's economic construction and social 二、逐步完善的法律体系与管理体制 中国重视环境法制建设，目前已经形成了以《中华人民共和国宪法》为基础，以《中华人民共和国环境保护法》为主体的环境法律体系。 《中华人民共和国宪法》规定：“国家保护和改善生活环境和生态环境，防治污染和其他公害。”“国家保障自然资源的合理利用，保护珍贵的动物和植物。禁止任何组织或者个人用任何手段侵占或者破坏自然资源。” 《中华人民共和国环境保护法》是中国环境保护的基本法。该法确立了经济建设、社会发展与环境保护协调发展的基本方针，规定了各级政府、一切单位和个人保护环境的权利和义务。 中国针对特定的环境保护对象制定颁布了多项环境保护专门法以及与环境保护相关的资源法，包括：《水污染防治法》、《大气污染防治法》、《固体废物污染环境防治法》、《海洋环境保护法》、《森林法》、《草原法》、《渔业法》、《矿产资源法》、《土地管理法》、《水法》、《野生动物保护法》、《水土保持法》、《农业法》等。 中国政府还制定了《噪声污染防治条例》、《自然保护区条例》、《放射性同位素与射线装置放射防护条例》、《化学危险品安全管理条例》、《淮河流域水污染防治暂行条例》、《海洋石油勘探开发环境保护管理条例》、《海洋倾废管理条例》、《陆生野生动物保护实施条例》、《风景名胜区管理暂行条例》、《基本农田保护条例》、《城市绿化条例》等30多件环境保护行政法规。此外，各有关部门还发布了大量的环境保护行政规章。 中国地方人民代表大会和地方人民政府为实施国家环境保护法律，结合本地区的具体情况，制定和颁布了600多项环境保护地方性法规。 环境标准是中国环境法律体系的一个重要组成部分，包括环境质量标准、污染物排放标准、环境基础标准、样品标准和方法标准。环境质量标准、污染物排放标准分为国家标准和地方标准。到1995年底，中国颁布了364项各类国家环境标准。中国法律规定，环境质量标准和污染物排放标准属于强制性标准，违反强制性环境标准，必须承担相应的法律责任。 在建立健全环境法律体系的过程中，中国把环境执法放在与环境立法同等重要的位置，连续4年开展了全国环境执法检查，对污染和破坏环境的行为进行严肃查处，对环境违法犯罪行为进行严厉打击。中国十分重视人民群众和新闻舆论对环境违法行为的监督，开辟了人民群众反映环境问题的渠道，加强了新闻媒介对环境违法行为的揭露和曝光。 应该指出的是，中国的环境法制建设还需要进一步完善，如某些方面存在着立法空白、有些法律的内容需要补充和修改、有法不依、执法不严的现象等。因此，继续加强环境法制建设仍是一项重要的战略任务。 中国同样重视环境管理体制建设，现在已经建立起由全国人民代表大会立法监督，各级政府负责实施，环境保护行政主管部门统一监督管理，各有关部门依照法律规定实施监督管理的体制。 全国人民代表大会设有环境与资源保护委员会，负责组织起草和审议环境与资源保护方面的法律草案并提出报告，监督环境与资源保护方面法律的执行，提出同环境与资源保护问题有关的议案，开展与各国议会之间在环境与资源保护领域的交往。一些省、市人民代表大会也相应设立了环境与资源保护机构。 国务院环境保护委员会由国务院有关部门的领导成员组成，是国务院环境保护工作的议事和协调机构。其主要任务是：研究和审议国家环境保护与经济协调发展的方针、政策和措施，指导并协调解决有关的重大环境问题，监督检查各地区、各部门贯彻执行环境保护法律法规的情况，推动和促进全国环境保护事业的发展。省、市、县人民政府也相应设立了环境保护委员会。 国家环境保护局是国务院环境保护行政主管部门，对全国环境保护工作实施统一监督管理。省、市、县人民政府也相继设立了环境保护行政主管部门，对本辖区的环境保护工作实施统一监督管理。目前，中国县级以上环境保护行政主管部门有2500多个，从事环境行政管理、监测、监理、统计、科学研究、宣传教育等的总人数达8万人。 中国各级政府的综合部门、资源管理部门和工业部门也设立了环境保护机构，负责相应的环境与资源保护工作。中国多数大中型企业也设有环境保护机构，负责本企业的污染防治以及推行清洁生产。目前，各部门和企业的各类环境保护人员已达20多万人。 China pays great attention to environmental legislative work and has now established an environmental statutory framework that takes the Constitution of the People's Republic of China as the foundation and the Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China as the main The Constitution of the People's Republic of China stipulates， ``The state protects and improves the living environment and the ecological environment， and prevents and remedies pollution and other public hazards，'' and ``The state ensures the rational use of natural resources and protects rare animals and The appropriation or damage of natural resources by any organization or individual by whatever means is prohib"'' The Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China is the cardinal law for environmental protection in C The law has established the basic principle for coordinated development between economic construction， social progress and environmental protection， and defined the rights and duties of governments at all levels， all units and individuals as regards environmental China has enacted and promulgated many special laws on environmental protection as well as laws on natural resources related to environmental They include the Law on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution， Law on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution， Law on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Wastes， Marine Environment Protection Law， Forestry Law， Grassland Law， Fisheries Law， Mineral Resources Law， Land Administration Law， Water Resources Law， Law on the Protection of Wild Animals， Law on Water and Soil Conservation， and Agriculture L The Chinese government has also enacted more than 30 administrative decrees regarding environmental protection， including the Regulations for the Prevention and Control of Noise Pollution， Regulations on Nature Reserves， Regulations on the Prevention of and Protection Against Radiation from Radio Isotopes and Radioactive Device， Regulations on the Safe Administration of Chemicals and Other Dangerous Materials， Provisional Regulations on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution in the Huaihe River Drainage Area， Regulations Governing Environmental Protection Administration in Offshore Oil Exploration and Development， Regulations on the Control of Marine Wastes Dumping， Regulations for the Implementation of the Protection of Terrestrial Wildlife， Pro"ivisional Regulations on the Administration of National Parks， Regulations on the Protection of Basic Farmland， and Regulations on Urban A In addition， departments concerned have also issued a number of administrative rules and decrees on environmental To implement the state's environmental protection laws and regulations， people's congresses and people's governments at local levels， proceeding from specific conditions in their own areas， have enacted and promulgated more than 600 local laws on environmental Environmental standards are an important component of China's environmental statutory They include environmental quality standards， pollutant discharge or emission standards， basic environmental criteria， criteria for samples， and criteria for The environmental quality standards and pollutant discharge or emission standards are divided into state standards and local By the end of 1995， China had promulgated state environmental standards on 364 As stipulated in Chinese law， the environmental quality standards and pollutant discharge standards are compulsory standards， and those who violate these compulsory environmental standards must bear the corresponding legal In the process of establishing and improving the environmental statutory framework， China attaches equal importance to environmental law enforcement and environmental For four years in a row， China has conducted nationwide checks on the enforcement of environmental legislation to seriously deal with acts of polluting and damaging the environment and severely punish environmental law China pays great attention to supervision exercised by the people and media over law-breaking activities regarding the environment -- it has opened channels for the masses of people to report on environmental problems and adopted measures for the media to expose environmental law-breaking But it should be pointed out that China's environmental legislative work needs to be further For instance， some areas still remain uncovered， some contents are yet to be amended or revised and there are still the phenomena of not fully observing or enforcing Therefore， to make continuous efforts to strengthen environmental legislative work remains an important strategic China attaches equal importance to the establishment of an environmental administrative It has established a system in which the National People's Congress enacts the laws， governments at different levels take responsibility for their enforcement， the administrative departments in charge of environmental protection exercise overall supervision and administration and the various departments concerned exercise supervision and administration according to the stipulations of the The National People's Congress has established an Environment and Resources Protection Committee， whose work it is to organize the formulation and examination of drafted laws related to environmental and resources protection and prepare the necessary reports， exercise supervision over the enforcement of laws governing environmental and resources protection， put forward motions related to the issue of environmental and resources protection， and conduct exchanges with parliaments in other countries in the field of environmental and resources The people's congresses of some provinces and cities have also established corresponding environmental and resources protection The Environmental Protection Committee under the State Council is made up of leaders of various related ministries under the State C It is the State Council's consultancy and coordination agency for environmental protection Its major tasks are studying and examining the principles， policies and measures relating to coordinative development of the country's economy and environmental protection， giving guidance to and coordinating efforts in tackling major environmental problems， exercising supervision over and conducting checks on the implementation of the environmental protection laws and regulations by various localities and departments， and promoting the development of environmental protection undertakings throughout the The people's governments at the provincial， city and county levels have also established corresponding environmental protection The National Environmental Protection Agency is the competent environmental protection administration agency under the State Council， whose task it is to exercise overall supervision and administration over the country's environ"imen tal protection The people's governments at the provincial， city and county levels have also successively established environmental protection administration departments to carry out overall supervision and administration of the environ"imen tal protection work in their At present， there are nationwide more than 2，500 environmental protection administration departments above the county level with a total staff of 88，000 engaged in environmental administration， monitoring， inspection and control， statistics collection， scientific research， pub"ilicity and Environmental protection organizations have also been established in comprehensive administration departments， resources administration departments and industrial departments under governments at various levels to take charge of related environmental and resources protection Most of China's large and medium-sized enterprises have also set up environmental protection organizations responsible for their own anti-pollution work and the promotion of cleaner At present， the total number of various types of environmental protection workers employed by the various departments and enterprises exceeds 200，
楼主留下邮箱，我发你写的是一篇关于噪声污染的论文。。。嘻嘻。。。看过满意记得加分奥。。。
环境污染与可持续发展论文范文英文版初中版
怎么这么像我期末考的作文呀？？是不是还有扮成熊猫的的北极熊？？我只写了一句话了，sorry，myenglishisverypoor，soidontknownhowtowrightit。然后就交了。
人一直以为地球上的海、陆、空是无穷尽的，所以从不担心把千万吨废气送到天空去，又把数以亿吨计的垃圾倒进海洋。大家都认为世界这么大，这一点废物算什么？我们错了，其实地球虽大，但生物只能在海拔8千米到海底11千米的范围内生活，而占了95%的生物都只能生存在中间约3公里的范围内，人竟肆意地从三方面来弄污这有限的生活环境。 海洋污染：主要是从油船与油井漏出来的原油，农田用的杀虫剂和化肥，工厂排出的污水，矿场流出的酸性溶液；它们使得大部分的海洋湖泊都受到污染，结果不但海洋生物受害，就是鸟类和人类也可能因吃了这些生物而中毒。 陆地污染：垃圾的清理成了各大城市的重要问题，每天千万吨的垃圾中，好些是不能焚化或腐化的，如塑料、橡胶、玻璃、铝等废物。它们成了城市卫生的第一号敌人。 空气污染：这是最为直接与严重的了，主要来自工厂、汽车、发电厂等等放出的一氧化碳和硫化氢等，每天都有人因接触了这些污浊空气而染上呼吸器官或视觉器官的毛病。我们若仍然漠视专家的警告，将来一定会落到无半寸净土可住的地步。 环境污染是指人类直接或间接地向环境排放超过其自净能力的物质或能量，从而使环境的质量降低，对人类的生存与发展、生态系统和财产造成不利影响的现象。具体包括：水污染、大气污染、噪声污染、放射性污染等。水污染是指水体因某种物质的介入，而导致其化学、物理、生物或者放射性污染等方面特性的改变，从而影响水的有效利用，危害人体健康或者破坏生态环境，造成水质恶化的现象。大气污染是指空气中污染物的浓度达到有害程度，以致破坏生态系统和人类正常生存和发展的条件，对人和生物造成危害的现象。噪声污染是指所产生的环境噪声超过国家规定的环境噪声排放标准，并干扰他人正常工作、学习、生活的现象。放射性污染是指由于人类活动造成物料、人体、场所、环境介质表面或者内部出现超过国家标准的放射性物质或者射线。例如，超过国家和地方政府制定的排放污染物的标准，超种类、超量、超浓度排放污染物；未采取防止溢流和渗漏措施而装载运输油类或者有毒货物致使货物 落水造成水污染；非法向大气中排放有毒有害物质，造成大气污染事故，等等。 随着科学技术水平的发展和人民生活水平的提高，环境污染也在增加，特别是在发展中国家。 环境污染问题越来越成为世界各个国家的共同课题之一。 由于人们对工业高度发达的负面影响预料不够，预防不利，导致了全球性的 三大危机 : 资源短缺、环境污染、生态破坏 人类不断的向环境排放污染物质。但由于大气、水、土壤等的扩散、稀释、氧化还原、生物降解等的作用。污染物质的浓度和毒性会自然降低，这种现象叫做 环境自净 。如果排放的物质超过了环境的自净能力，环境质量就会发生不良变化，危害人类健康和生存，这就发生了环境污染 。 环境污染会降低生物生产量，加剧环境破坏。 环境污染源主要有以下几方面： 1）工厂排出的废烟、废气、废水、废渣和噪音； 2）人们生活中排出的废烟、废气、噪音、赃水、垃圾； 3）交通工具（所有的燃油车辆、轮船、飞机等）排出的废气和噪音； 4）大量使用化肥、杀虫剂、除草剂等化学物质的农田灌溉后流出的水。5）矿山废水、废渣。水污染的危害是不是不言而喻的水体污染，水质恶化对人体健康和人类生活，生产都带来了严重环保是现代生活中人类面临的最大问题要解决这一问题必须从基础做起 首先，要大量宣传，提高人们的觉悟与认识，加强环保意识 其次，要进行废物回收利用，减少对森林树木的砍伐还要加强对白色污染的处理，少使用塑料制品 最后，要对清洁方面作改进使市容更整洁 为了地球的明天，我们必须从现在开始努力，要好好地保护环境于此我们提出如下建议: 实行垃圾分类袋装化这样不仅能减少环卫工人的工作量，还能更好地起到废物利用，减少污染，节约资源 买菜时，少用塑料袋，尽量用竹篮子 用笔尽量用可换芯的，减少圆珠笔外壳的浪费与垃圾量 外出吃饭尽量不用一次性饭盒 播种绿色就是播种希望 垃圾过剩与环境问题 垃圾的回收及资源化综合利用 垃圾的回收及资源化综合利用(下)海浴室中的科学 从喝纯水想起 时下，饮用水正成为一种潮流尽管媒介不只一次地介绍过饮用水的种种弊端，但饮用水族仍然日益扩大 饮用水不单单指纯水，还包括矿泉水，蒸馏水甚至太空水等等 而我们喝着长大的自来水则成了相对的非饮用水 我们并不排除目前饮用水风靡，炒作起了一定的作用， 但它反映了当前水体污染的严重已经到了难以下口的程度
中国的环境保护问题（英汉对照）中国政府十分重视因人口增长和经济发展而出现的环境问题，把保护环境作为提高人民生活水平和生活质量的一个重要方面。为了促进经济、社会与环境的协调发展，中国在80年代制定并实施了一系列保护环境的方针、政策、法律和措施。The Chinese government has paid great attention to the environmental issues arising from the country's population growth and economic development， and has made protecting the environment an important aspect of the improvement of the people's living standards and quality of In order to promote coordinated development between the economy， the society and the environment， China enacted and implemented a series of principles， policies， laws and measures for environmental protection in the ——确立环境保护为中国的一项基本国策。防治环境污染和生态破坏以及合理开发利用自然资源关系到国家的全局利益和长远发展，中国政府坚定不移地贯彻执行环境保护这项基本国策。-- Making environmental protection one of China's basic national The prevention and control of environmental pollution and ecological destruction and the rational exploitation and utilization of natural resources are of vital importance to the country's overall interests and long-term The Chinese government is unswervingly carrying out the basic national policy of environmental ——制定经济建设、城乡建设和环境建设同步规划、同步实施、同步发展，实现经济效益、社会效益、环境效益相统一的指导方针，实行“预防为主，防治结合”、“谁污染，谁治理”和“强化环境管理”三大政策。-- Formulating the guiding principles of simultaneous planning， simultaneous implementation and simultaneous development for economic construction， urban and rural construction and environmental construction， and combining the economic returns with social effects and environmental benefits; and carrying out the three major policies of ``prevention first and combining prevention with control，'' ``making the causer of pollution responsible for treating it'' and ``intensifying environmental '' ——颁布实施环境保护的法律法规，把环境保护建立在法制的基础上，不断完善环境法律体系，严格执法程序，加大执法力度，保证环境法律法规的有效实施。-- Promulgating and putting into effect laws and regulations regarding environmental protection and placing environmental protection on a legal footing， continuously improving the statutes concerning the environment， formulating strict law-enforcement procedures and increasing the intensity of law enforcement so as to ensure the effective implementation of the environmental laws and ——坚持环境保护纳入国民经济和社会发展计划，实施国家指导下的宏观调控与管理，逐步增加对环境保护的投入，使环境保护与各项建设事业统筹兼顾，协调发展。-- Persisting in incorporating environmental protection into the plans for national economic and social development， introducing to it macro regulation and management under state guidance， and gradually increasing environmental protection input so as to give simultaneous consideration to environmental protection and other undertakings and ensure their coordinated ——建立健全各级政府的环境保护机构，形成比较完善的环境管理体制，充分发挥环境监督管理的作用。-- Establishing and improving environmental protection organizations under governments at all levels， forming a rather complete environmental control system， and bringing into full play the governments' role in environmental supervision and ——加速环境科学技术的进步。加强基础理论研究，组织科技攻关，开发和推广防治环境污染的实用技术，扶植环境保护产业的发展，初步形成了环境保护科研体系。-- Accelerating progress in environmental science and Strengthening research into basic theories， organizing the tackling of key scientific and technological problems， developing and popularizing prac"itical technology for environmental pollution prevention and control， fostering the growth of environmental protection industries， and giving initial shape to an environmental protection scientific research ——开展环境宣传教育，提高全民族的环境意识。广泛进行环境宣传，逐步普及中小学环境教育，发展环境保护在职教育和专业教育，培养环境科学技术和管理方面的专门人才。-- Carrying out environmental publicity and education to enhance the whole nation's awareness of the Widely conducting environmental publicity work， gradually popularizing environmental education in secondary and primary schools， developing on-the-job education in environ"imen tal protection and vocational education， and training specialized personnel in environmental science and technology as well as environmental ——推进环境保护领域的国际合作。积极发展同世界各国和国际组织在环境与发展方面的交流与合作，认真履行国际环境公约，努力发挥中国在国际环境事务中的作用。-- Promoting international cooperation in the field of environmental Actively expanding exchanges and cooperation concerning the environment and development with other countries and international organizations， earnestly implementing international environmental conventions， and seeking scope for China's role in global environmental 进入90年代，国际社会与世界各国在探索解决环境与发展问题的道路上迈出了重要一步。1992年6月，联合国环境与发展大会把可持续发展作为未来共同的发展战略，得到了与会各国政府的普遍赞同。Since the beginning of the 1990s the international community and various countries have made an important step forward in exploring solutions to problems of the environment and The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development， held in June 1992， made sustainable development the strategy for common development in the future， and this won wide acclaim from the governments of all countries represented at the 1992年8月，联合国环境与发展大会之后，中国政府提出了中国环境与发展应采取的十大对策，明确指出走可持续发展道路是当代中国以及未来的必然选择。In August 1992， shortly after that conference， the Chinese government put forward ten major measures China was to adopt to enhance its environment and development， clearly pointing out that the road of sustainable development was a logical choice for China now and in the 1994年3月，中国政府批准发布了《中国21世纪议程 ——�中国21世纪人口、环境与发展白皮书》，从人口、环境与发展的具体国情出发，提出了中国可持续发展的总体战略、对策以及行动方案。有关部门和地方也分别制定了实施可持续发展战略的行动计划。In March 1994 the Chinese government approved and promulgated China's Agenda 21 -- White Paper on China's Population， Environment， and Development in the 21st C This document， proceeding from the country's specific national conditions in these three respects， put forward China's overall strategy， measures and program of action for sustainable The various departments and localities also worked out their respective plans of action to implement the strategy for sustainable 1996年3月，第八届全国人民代表大会第四次会议审议通过的《中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展“九五”计划和2010年远景目标纲要》，把实施可持续发展作为现代化建设的一项重大战略，使可持续发展战略在中国经济建设和社会发展过程中得以实施。 At its Fourth Session in March 1996 China's Eighth National People's Congress examined and adopted the Ninth Five-Year Plan of the People's Republic of China for National Economic and Social Development and the Outline of the Long-Term Target for the Year Both the Plan and Outline take sustainable development as an important strategy for modernization， thus making it possible for the implementation of the strategy of sustainable development in the course of China's economic construction and social 二、逐步完善的法律体系与管理体制 中国重视环境法制建设，目前已经形成了以《中华人民共和国宪法》为基础，以《中华人民共和国环境保护法》为主体的环境法律体系。 《中华人民共和国宪法》规定：“国家保护和改善生活环境和生态环境，防治污染和其他公害。”“国家保障自然资源的合理利用，保护珍贵的动物和植物。禁止任何组织或者个人用任何手段侵占或者破坏自然资源。” 《中华人民共和国环境保护法》是中国环境保护的基本法。该法确立了经济建设、社会发展与环境保护协调发展的基本方针，规定了各级政府、一切单位和个人保护环境的权利和义务。 中国针对特定的环境保护对象制定颁布了多项环境保护专门法以及与环境保护相关的资源法，包括：《水污染防治法》、《大气污染防治法》、《固体废物污染环境防治法》、《海洋环境保护法》、《森林法》、《草原法》、《渔业法》、《矿产资源法》、《土地管理法》、《水法》、《野生动物保护法》、《水土保持法》、《农业法》等。 中国政府还制定了《噪声污染防治条例》、《自然保护区条例》、《放射性同位素与射线装置放射防护条例》、《化学危险品安全管理条例》、《淮河流域水污染防治暂行条例》、《海洋石油勘探开发环境保护管理条例》、《海洋倾废管理条例》、《陆生野生动物保护实施条例》、《风景名胜区管理暂行条例》、《基本农田保护条例》、《城市绿化条例》等30多件环境保护行政法规。此外，各有关部门还发布了大量的环境保护行政规章。 中国地方人民代表大会和地方人民政府为实施国家环境保护法律，结合本地区的具体情况，制定和颁布了600多项环境保护地方性法规。 环境标准是中国环境法律体系的一个重要组成部分，包括环境质量标准、污染物排放标准、环境基础标准、样品标准和方法标准。环境质量标准、污染物排放标准分为国家标准和地方标准。到1995年底，中国颁布了364项各类国家环境标准。中国法律规定，环境质量标准和污染物排放标准属于强制性标准，违反强制性环境标准，必须承担相应的法律责任。 在建立健全环境法律体系的过程中，中国把环境执法放在与环境立法同等重要的位置，连续4年开展了全国环境执法检查，对污染和破坏环境的行为进行严肃查处，对环境违法犯罪行为进行严厉打击。中国十分重视人民群众和新闻舆论对环境违法行为的监督，开辟了人民群众反映环境问题的渠道，加强了新闻媒介对环境违法行为的揭露和曝光。 应该指出的是，中国的环境法制建设还需要进一步完善，如某些方面存在着立法空白、有些法律的内容需要补充和修改、有法不依、执法不严的现象等。因此，继续加强环境法制建设仍是一项重要的战略任务。 中国同样重视环境管理体制建设，现在已经建立起由全国人民代表大会立法监督，各级政府负责实施，环境保护行政主管部门统一监督管理，各有关部门依照法律规定实施监督管理的体制。 全国人民代表大会设有环境与资源保护委员会，负责组织起草和审议环境与资源保护方面的法律草案并提出报告，监督环境与资源保护方面法律的执行，提出同环境与资源保护问题有关的议案，开展与各国议会之间在环境与资源保护领域的交往。一些省、市人民代表大会也相应设立了环境与资源保护机构。 国务院环境保护委员会由国务院有关部门的领导成员组成，是国务院环境保护工作的议事和协调机构。其主要任务是：研究和审议国家环境保护与经济协调发展的方针、政策和措施，指导并协调解决有关的重大环境问题，监督检查各地区、各部门贯彻执行环境保护法律法规的情况，推动和促进全国环境保护事业的发展。省、市、县人民政府也相应设立了环境保护委员会。 国家环境保护局是国务院环境保护行政主管部门，对全国环境保护工作实施统一监督管理。省、市、县人民政府也相继设立了环境保护行政主管部门，对本辖区的环境保护工作实施统一监督管理。目前，中国县级以上环境保护行政主管部门有2500多个，从事环境行政管理、监测、监理、统计、科学研究、宣传教育等的总人数达8万人。 中国各级政府的综合部门、资源管理部门和工业部门也设立了环境保护机构，负责相应的环境与资源保护工作。中国多数大中型企业也设有环境保护机构，负责本企业的污染防治以及推行清洁生产。目前，各部门和企业的各类环境保护人员已达20多万人。 China pays great attention to environmental legislative work and has now established an environmental statutory framework that takes the Constitution of the People's Republic of China as the foundation and the Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China as the main The Constitution of the People's Republic of China stipulates， ``The state protects and improves the living environment and the ecological environment， and prevents and remedies pollution and other public hazards，'' and ``The state ensures the rational use of natural resources and protects rare animals and The appropriation or damage of natural resources by any organization or individual by whatever means is prohib"'' The Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China is the cardinal law for environmental protection in C The law has established the basic principle for coordinated development between economic construction， social progress and environmental protection， and defined the rights and duties of governments at all levels， all units and individuals as regards environmental China has enacted and promulgated many special laws on environmental protection as well as laws on natural resources related to environmental They include the Law on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution， Law on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution， Law on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Wastes， Marine Environment Protection Law， Forestry Law， Grassland Law， Fisheries Law， Mineral Resources Law， Land Administration Law， Water Resources Law， Law on the Protection of Wild Animals， Law on Water and Soil Conservation， and Agriculture L The Chinese government has also enacted more than 30 administrative decrees regarding environmental protection， including the Regulations for the Prevention and Control of Noise Pollution， Regulations on Nature Reserves， Regulations on the Prevention of and Protection Against Radiation from Radio Isotopes and Radioactive Device， Regulations on the Safe Administration of Chemicals and Other Dangerous Materials， Provisional Regulations on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution in the Huaihe River Drainage Area， Regulations Governing Environmental Protection Administration in Offshore Oil Exploration and Development， Regulations on the Control of Marine Wastes Dumping， Regulations for the Implementation of the Protection of Terrestrial Wildlife， Pro"ivisional Regulations on the Administration of National Parks， Regulations on the Protection of Basic Farmland， and Regulations on Urban A In addition， departments concerned have also issued a number of administrative rules and decrees on environmental To implement the state's environmental protection laws and regulations， people's congresses and people's governments at local levels， proceeding from specific conditions in their own areas， have enacted and promulgated more than 600 local laws on environmental Environmental standards are an important component of China's environmental statutory They include environmental quality standards， pollutant discharge or emission standards， basic environmental criteria， criteria for samples， and criteria for The environmental quality standards and pollutant discharge or emission standards are divided into state standards and local By the end of 1995， China had promulgated state environmental standards on 364 As stipulated in Chinese law， the environmental quality standards and pollutant discharge standards are compulsory standards， and those who violate these compulsory environmental standards must bear the corresponding legal In the process of establishing and improving the environmental statutory framework， China attaches equal importance to environmental law enforcement and environmental For four years in a row， China has conducted nationwide checks on the enforcement of environmental legislation to seriously deal with acts of polluting and damaging the environment and severely punish environmental law China pays great attention to supervision exercised by the people and media over law-breaking activities regarding the environment -- it has opened channels for the masses of people to report on environmental problems and adopted measures for the media to expose environmental law-breaking But it should be pointed out that China's environmental legislative work needs to be further For instance， some areas still remain uncovered， some contents are yet to be amended or revised and there are still the phenomena of not fully observing or enforcing Therefore， to make continuous efforts to strengthen environmental legislative work remains an important strategic China attaches equal importance to the establishment of an environmental administrative It has established a system in which the National People's Congress enacts the laws， governments at different levels take responsibility for their enforcement， the administrative departments in charge of environmental protection exercise overall supervision and administration and the various departments concerned exercise supervision and administration according to the stipulations of the The National People's Congress has established an Environment and Resources Protection Committee， whose work it is to organize the formulation and examination of drafted laws related to environmental and resources protection and prepare the necessary reports， exercise supervision over the enforcement of laws governing environmental and resources protection， put forward motions related to the issue of environmental and resources protection， and conduct exchanges with parliaments in other countries in the field of environmental and resources The people's congresses of some provinces and cities have also established corresponding environmental and resources protection The Environmental Protection Committee under the State Council is made up of leaders of various related ministries under the State C It is the State Council's consultancy and coordination agency for environmental protection Its major tasks are studying and examining the principles， policies and measures relating to coordinative development of the country's economy and environmental protection， giving guidance to and coordinating efforts in tackling major environmental problems， exercising supervision over and conducting checks on the implementation of the environmental protection laws and regulations by various localities and departments， and promoting the development of environmental protection undertakings throughout the The people's governments at the provincial， city and county levels have also established corresponding environmental protection The National Environmental Protection Agency is the competent environmental protection administration agency under the State Council， whose task it is to exercise overall supervision and administration over the country's environ"imen tal protection The people's governments at the provincial， city and county levels have also successively established environmental protection administration departments to carry out overall supervision and administration of the environ"imen tal protection work in their At present， there are nationwide more than 2，500 environmental protection administration departments above the county level with a total staff of 88，000 engaged in environmental administration， monitoring， inspection and control， statistics collection， scientific research， pub"ilicity and Environmental protection organizations have also been established in comprehensive administration departments， resources administration departments and industrial departments under governments at various levels to take charge of related environmental and resources protection Most of China's large and medium-sized enterprises have also set up environmental protection organizations responsible for their own anti-pollution work and the promotion of cleaner At present， the total number of various types of environmental protection workers employed by the various departments and enterprises exceeds 200，
自己写写么好嘞environment pollution很简单的论题阿相信自己
环境污染与可持续发展论文范文英文版初中
目前，随着我市周边农村经济的高速发展 ，环境问题也日益突出。如仅重视经济的发展而忽略环境污染问题，必将严重导致一个恶性循环发展链，使经济发展的速度受到不良因素的制约，而被污染的生态环境产生的非绿色食品也将为市场所摒弃。前些年，我市就曾发生过出口蘑菇因农药高残留事故而被退货的惨痛教训。在我市市郊周边地区和广大的农村，其污染问题比较突出的源头主要有：1、杀虫用农药的污染。在现代的农业治虫过程中，几乎全靠农药治理，导致水质和土壤的污染，加上农户分期治虫，其用量失控，更加增加了污染程度；2、生活垃圾、污水的污染。在郊区和农村生活垃圾无人管，到处是垃圾堆，塑料袋漫天飞、白色泡沫盒到处飘，垃圾中混入碎玻璃和瓷片，人、畜粪便混杂，造成一些阴沟、小河道严重堵塞，雨天污水漫出路面，流入河中造成污染，另外农药废瓶到处抛，这些都直接威胁着人们的健康；3、工业废弃物的污染。一些村办厂和家庭作坊只图个人利益，视环保问题于不顾，一些废弃物因其分散和量小、不利于回收和处理而被随意堆放在露天，而这些地方未经处理的废水肆意横流，所有这 些人为因素都日益危害着生态环境；4、空气和噪音的污染。在农村的个私小厂矿里，一些烟囱向天空排放着大量超标的二氧化硫、二氧化碳等废气。拖拉机和老式摩托车、破旧的汽车排放的尾气和发出的噪音，导致农村空气质量的大幅度下降，其结果是严重影响了人民群众的生命健康。综上所述，农村环境污染有多方面因素，为尽快对环境污染问题进行综合治理，我们提出以下建议：1、加大环保重要性的宣传力度。从教育百姓、提高百姓思想认识和基本素质入手，使老百姓树立可持续发展与绿色农业的战略意识。有无污染的生态环境才有绿色食物，才能保证人身的健康和经济发展。现代化建设必须有生活环境、生态状态的现代化，必须把环境污染综合治理问题提高到四化建设的战略高度来认识；2、完善法规建设。县和乡镇应制订以保护人身健康和生态环境为宗旨的具体政策和乡规民约，如规范农村环境卫生、住宅用地、保护水质、集中污水处理的政策法规等等，以法治污，法治从严从重，并组织有关部门落实贯彻执行和监督，有关监督部门应进行不定期抽查，严查深究污染土壤、水质、破坏森林与植被等行为者的责任，在环境污染问题上做到防微杜渐；3、堵住污染源头。采取必要措施禁止使用白色泡沫塑料、农药瓶的乱弃乱埋，将生活垃圾和人畜粪便作无害处理，顾及化粪池、沼气池的建设，以及在农村普遍建立污水处理站。总之，要组织分类垃 圾及回收利用，把有机垃圾沤制堆肥，将无机垃圾分类，有利用价值的回收利用，不能再利用的集中处理；4、要加强治虫施药的统一管理。即对大田治虫有专仓储存农药，专人检测虫情，统一时间施药，同时还应逐步开展天敌治虫、灯光诱杀治虫等，以减少滥施农药造成污染的机会。 1、陆源污染物：据有关部门统计，我国沿海地区，每年排放入海的工业污水和生活污水约60亿吨。在生活污水中，以东海沿岸的排放量最大，其次为南海沿岸和渤海沿岸，黄海沿岸最小，在工业污水中，也以东海沿岸排放量最大，占总量的50％；渤海沿岸和南海沿岸次之，黄海沿岸最少。 2、船舶排放的污染物：我国拥有各种机动船只10多万艘，每年进入我国港口和航经我国管辖海域的外轮几万艘次，有大量含油污水排放入海。如1979年，巴西油轮在青岛油码头作业，一次跑油380吨。 3、海洋石油勘探开发的污染：我国沿岸分布着几个大油田和十几个石油化工企业，跑、冒、滴、漏的石油数量很可观，每年有10多万吨石油入海。 4、人工倾倒废物污染：过去把海洋当作大“垃圾箱”，任意倾倒废物。如大连香炉礁海岸、葫芦岛、青岛、温州、湛江等地，把垃圾、矿渣和其他废物堆放在海边或直接倒入海中。 5、不合理的海洋工程的兴建和海洋开发：这使一些深水港和航道淤积，局部海域生态平衡遭到破坏。 我国沿海各种类型的污染源主要有200多处，渤、黄海沿岸有100多处，东、南海沿岸100处左右。这些污染源排放入海的重要污染 物，有石油烃、重金属污染物及有机物污染物。河流携带，是污染物入海的主要途径。
自己写写么好嘞environment pollution很简单的论题阿相信自己
中国的环境保护问题（英汉对照）中国政府十分重视因人口增长和经济发展而出现的环境问题，把保护环境作为提高人民生活水平和生活质量的一个重要方面。为了促进经济、社会与环境的协调发展，中国在80年代制定并实施了一系列保护环境的方针、政策、法律和措施。The Chinese government has paid great attention to the environmental issues arising from the country's population growth and economic development， and has made protecting the environment an important aspect of the improvement of the people's living standards and quality of In order to promote coordinated development between the economy， the society and the environment， China enacted and implemented a series of principles， policies， laws and measures for environmental protection in the ——确立环境保护为中国的一项基本国策。防治环境污染和生态破坏以及合理开发利用自然资源关系到国家的全局利益和长远发展，中国政府坚定不移地贯彻执行环境保护这项基本国策。-- Making environmental protection one of China's basic national The prevention and control of environmental pollution and ecological destruction and the rational exploitation and utilization of natural resources are of vital importance to the country's overall interests and long-term The Chinese government is unswervingly carrying out the basic national policy of environmental ——制定经济建设、城乡建设和环境建设同步规划、同步实施、同步发展，实现经济效益、社会效益、环境效益相统一的指导方针，实行“预防为主，防治结合”、“谁污染，谁治理”和“强化环境管理”三大政策。-- Formulating the guiding principles of simultaneous planning， simultaneous implementation and simultaneous development for economic construction， urban and rural construction and environmental construction， and combining the economic returns with social effects and environmental benefits; and carrying out the three major policies of ``prevention first and combining prevention with control，'' ``making the causer of pollution responsible for treating it'' and ``intensifying environmental '' ——颁布实施环境保护的法律法规，把环境保护建立在法制的基础上，不断完善环境法律体系，严格执法程序，加大执法力度，保证环境法律法规的有效实施。-- Promulgating and putting into effect laws and regulations regarding environmental protection and placing environmental protection on a legal footing， continuously improving the statutes concerning the environment， formulating strict law-enforcement procedures and increasing the intensity of law enforcement so as to ensure the effective implementation of the environmental laws and ——坚持环境保护纳入国民经济和社会发展计划，实施国家指导下的宏观调控与管理，逐步增加对环境保护的投入，使环境保护与各项建设事业统筹兼顾，协调发展。-- Persisting in incorporating environmental protection into the plans for national economic and social development， introducing to it macro regulation and management under state guidance， and gradually increasing environmental protection input so as to give simultaneous consideration to environmental protection and other undertakings and ensure their coordinated ——建立健全各级政府的环境保护机构，形成比较完善的环境管理体制，充分发挥环境监督管理的作用。-- Establishing and improving environmental protection organizations under governments at all levels， forming a rather complete environmental control system， and bringing into full play the governments' role in environmental supervision and ——加速环境科学技术的进步。加强基础理论研究，组织科技攻关，开发和推广防治环境污染的实用技术，扶植环境保护产业的发展，初步形成了环境保护科研体系。-- Accelerating progress in environmental science and Strengthening research into basic theories， organizing the tackling of key scientific and technological problems， developing and popularizing prac"itical technology for environmental pollution prevention and control， fostering the growth of environmental protection industries， and giving initial shape to an environmental protection scientific research ——开展环境宣传教育，提高全民族的环境意识。广泛进行环境宣传，逐步普及中小学环境教育，发展环境保护在职教育和专业教育，培养环境科学技术和管理方面的专门人才。-- Carrying out environmental publicity and education to enhance the whole nation's awareness of the Widely conducting environmental publicity work， gradually popularizing environmental education in secondary and primary schools， developing on-the-job education in environ"imen tal protection and vocational education， and training specialized personnel in environmental science and technology as well as environmental ——推进环境保护领域的国际合作。积极发展同世界各国和国际组织在环境与发展方面的交流与合作，认真履行国际环境公约，努力发挥中国在国际环境事务中的作用。-- Promoting international cooperation in the field of environmental Actively expanding exchanges and cooperation concerning the environment and development with other countries and international organizations， earnestly implementing international environmental conventions， and seeking scope for China's role in global environmental 进入90年代，国际社会与世界各国在探索解决环境与发展问题的道路上迈出了重要一步。1992年6月，联合国环境与发展大会把可持续发展作为未来共同的发展战略，得到了与会各国政府的普遍赞同。Since the beginning of the 1990s the international community and various countries have made an important step forward in exploring solutions to problems of the environment and The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development， held in June 1992， made sustainable development the strategy for common development in the future， and this won wide acclaim from the governments of all countries represented at the 1992年8月，联合国环境与发展大会之后，中国政府提出了中国环境与发展应采取的十大对策，明确指出走可持续发展道路是当代中国以及未来的必然选择。In August 1992， shortly after that conference， the Chinese government put forward ten major measures China was to adopt to enhance its environment and development， clearly pointing out that the road of sustainable development was a logical choice for China now and in the 1994年3月，中国政府批准发布了《中国21世纪议程 ——�中国21世纪人口、环境与发展白皮书》，从人口、环境与发展的具体国情出发，提出了中国可持续发展的总体战略、对策以及行动方案。有关部门和地方也分别制定了实施可持续发展战略的行动计划。In March 1994 the Chinese government approved and promulgated China's Agenda 21 -- White Paper on China's Population， Environment， and Development in the 21st C This document， proceeding from the country's specific national conditions in these three respects， put forward China's overall strategy， measures and program of action for sustainable The various departments and localities also worked out their respective plans of action to implement the strategy for sustainable 1996年3月，第八届全国人民代表大会第四次会议审议通过的《中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展“九五”计划和2010年远景目标纲要》，把实施可持续发展作为现代化建设的一项重大战略，使可持续发展战略在中国经济建设和社会发展过程中得以实施。 At its Fourth Session in March 1996 China's Eighth National People's Congress examined and adopted the Ninth Five-Year Plan of the People's Republic of China for National Economic and Social Development and the Outline of the Long-Term Target for the Year Both the Plan and Outline take sustainable development as an important strategy for modernization， thus making it possible for the implementation of the strategy of sustainable development in the course of China's economic construction and social 二、逐步完善的法律体系与管理体制 中国重视环境法制建设，目前已经形成了以《中华人民共和国宪法》为基础，以《中华人民共和国环境保护法》为主体的环境法律体系。 《中华人民共和国宪法》规定：“国家保护和改善生活环境和生态环境，防治污染和其他公害。”“国家保障自然资源的合理利用，保护珍贵的动物和植物。禁止任何组织或者个人用任何手段侵占或者破坏自然资源。” 《中华人民共和国环境保护法》是中国环境保护的基本法。该法确立了经济建设、社会发展与环境保护协调发展的基本方针，规定了各级政府、一切单位和个人保护环境的权利和义务。 中国针对特定的环境保护对象制定颁布了多项环境保护专门法以及与环境保护相关的资源法，包括：《水污染防治法》、《大气污染防治法》、《固体废物污染环境防治法》、《海洋环境保护法》、《森林法》、《草原法》、《渔业法》、《矿产资源法》、《土地管理法》、《水法》、《野生动物保护法》、《水土保持法》、《农业法》等。 中国政府还制定了《噪声污染防治条例》、《自然保护区条例》、《放射性同位素与射线装置放射防护条例》、《化学危险品安全管理条例》、《淮河流域水污染防治暂行条例》、《海洋石油勘探开发环境保护管理条例》、《海洋倾废管理条例》、《陆生野生动物保护实施条例》、《风景名胜区管理暂行条例》、《基本农田保护条例》、《城市绿化条例》等30多件环境保护行政法规。此外，各有关部门还发布了大量的环境保护行政规章。 中国地方人民代表大会和地方人民政府为实施国家环境保护法律，结合本地区的具体情况，制定和颁布了600多项环境保护地方性法规。 环境标准是中国环境法律体系的一个重要组成部分，包括环境质量标准、污染物排放标准、环境基础标准、样品标准和方法标准。环境质量标准、污染物排放标准分为国家标准和地方标准。到1995年底，中国颁布了364项各类国家环境标准。中国法律规定，环境质量标准和污染物排放标准属于强制性标准，违反强制性环境标准，必须承担相应的法律责任。 在建立健全环境法律体系的过程中，中国把环境执法放在与环境立法同等重要的位置，连续4年开展了全国环境执法检查，对污染和破坏环境的行为进行严肃查处，对环境违法犯罪行为进行严厉打击。中国十分重视人民群众和新闻舆论对环境违法行为的监督，开辟了人民群众反映环境问题的渠道，加强了新闻媒介对环境违法行为的揭露和曝光。 应该指出的是，中国的环境法制建设还需要进一步完善，如某些方面存在着立法空白、有些法律的内容需要补充和修改、有法不依、执法不严的现象等。因此，继续加强环境法制建设仍是一项重要的战略任务。 中国同样重视环境管理体制建设，现在已经建立起由全国人民代表大会立法监督，各级政府负责实施，环境保护行政主管部门统一监督管理，各有关部门依照法律规定实施监督管理的体制。 全国人民代表大会设有环境与资源保护委员会，负责组织起草和审议环境与资源保护方面的法律草案并提出报告，监督环境与资源保护方面法律的执行，提出同环境与资源保护问题有关的议案，开展与各国议会之间在环境与资源保护领域的交往。一些省、市人民代表大会也相应设立了环境与资源保护机构。 国务院环境保护委员会由国务院有关部门的领导成员组成，是国务院环境保护工作的议事和协调机构。其主要任务是：研究和审议国家环境保护与经济协调发展的方针、政策和措施，指导并协调解决有关的重大环境问题，监督检查各地区、各部门贯彻执行环境保护法律法规的情况，推动和促进全国环境保护事业的发展。省、市、县人民政府也相应设立了环境保护委员会。 国家环境保护局是国务院环境保护行政主管部门，对全国环境保护工作实施统一监督管理。省、市、县人民政府也相继设立了环境保护行政主管部门，对本辖区的环境保护工作实施统一监督管理。目前，中国县级以上环境保护行政主管部门有2500多个，从事环境行政管理、监测、监理、统计、科学研究、宣传教育等的总人数达8万人。 中国各级政府的综合部门、资源管理部门和工业部门也设立了环境保护机构，负责相应的环境与资源保护工作。中国多数大中型企业也设有环境保护机构，负责本企业的污染防治以及推行清洁生产。目前，各部门和企业的各类环境保护人员已达20多万人。 China pays great attention to environmental legislative work and has now established an environmental statutory framework that takes the Constitution of the People's Republic of China as the foundation and the Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China as the main The Constitution of the People's Republic of China stipulates， ``The state protects and improves the living environment and the ecological environment， and prevents and remedies pollution and other public hazards，'' and ``The state ensures the rational use of natural resources and protects rare animals and The appropriation or damage of natural resources by any organization or individual by whatever means is prohib"'' The Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China is the cardinal law for environmental protection in C The law has established the basic principle for coordinated development between economic construction， social progress and environmental protection， and defined the rights and duties of governments at all levels， all units and individuals as regards environmental China has enacted and promulgated many special laws on environmental protection as well as laws on natural resources related to environmental They include the Law on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution， Law on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution， Law on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Wastes， Marine Environment Protection Law， Forestry Law， Grassland Law， Fisheries Law， Mineral Resources Law， Land Administration Law， Water Resources Law， Law on the Protection of Wild Animals， Law on Water and Soil Conservation， and Agriculture L The Chinese government has also enacted more than 30 administrative decrees regarding environmental protection， including the Regulations for the Prevention and Control of Noise Pollution， Regulations on Nature Reserves， Regulations on the Prevention of and Protection Against Radiation from Radio Isotopes and Radioactive Device， Regulations on the Safe Administration of Chemicals and Other Dangerous Materials， Provisional Regulations on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution in the Huaihe River Drainage Area， Regulations Governing Environmental Protection Administration in Offshore Oil Exploration and Development， Regulations on the Control of Marine Wastes Dumping， Regulations for the Implementation of the Protection of Terrestrial Wildlife， Pro"ivisional Regulations on the Administration of National Parks， Regulations on the Protection of Basic Farmland， and Regulations on Urban A In addition， departments concerned have also issued a number of administrative rules and decrees on environmental To implement the state's environmental protection laws and regulations， people's congresses and people's governments at local levels， proceeding from specific conditions in their own areas， have enacted and promulgated more than 600 local laws on environmental Environmental standards are an important component of China's environmental statutory They include environmental quality standards， pollutant discharge or emission standards， basic environmental criteria， criteria for samples， and criteria for The environmental quality standards and pollutant discharge or emission standards are divided into state standards and local By the end of 1995， China had promulgated state environmental standards on 364 As stipulated in Chinese law， the environmental quality standards and pollutant discharge standards are compulsory standards， and those who violate these compulsory environmental standards must bear the corresponding legal In the process of establishing and improving the environmental statutory framework， China attaches equal importance to environmental law enforcement and environmental For four years in a row， China has conducted nationwide checks on the enforcement of environmental legislation to seriously deal with acts of polluting and damaging the environment and severely punish environmental law China pays great attention to supervision exercised by the people and media over law-breaking activities regarding the environment -- it has opened channels for the masses of people to report on environmental problems and adopted measures for the media to expose environmental law-breaking But it should be pointed out that China's environmental legislative work needs to be further For instance， some areas still remain uncovered， some contents are yet to be amended or revised and there are still the phenomena of not fully observing or enforcing Therefore， to make continuous efforts to strengthen environmental legislative work remains an important strategic China attaches equal importance to the establishment of an environmental administrative It has established a system in which the National People's Congress enacts the laws， governments at different levels take responsibility for their enforcement， the administrative departments in charge of environmental protection exercise overall supervision and administration and the various departments concerned exercise supervision and administration according to the stipulations of the The National People's Congress has established an Environment and Resources Protection Committee， whose work it is to organize the formulation and examination of drafted laws related to environmental and resources protection and prepare the necessary reports， exercise supervision over the enforcement of laws governing environmental and resources protection， put forward motions related to the issue of environmental and resources protection， and conduct exchanges with parliaments in other countries in the field of environmental and resources The people's congresses of some provinces and cities have also established corresponding environmental and resources protection The Environmental Protection Committee under the State Council is made up of leaders of various related ministries under the State C It is the State Council's consultancy and coordination agency for environmental protection Its major tasks are studying and examining the principles， policies and measures relating to coordinative development of the country's economy and environmental protection， giving guidance to and coordinating efforts in tackling major environmental problems， exercising supervision over and conducting checks on the implementation of the environmental protection laws and regulations by various localities and departments， and promoting the development of environmental protection undertakings throughout the The people's governments at the provincial， city and county levels have also established corresponding environmental protection The National Environmental Protection Agency is the competent environmental protection administration agency under the State Council， whose task it is to exercise overall supervision and administration over the country's environ"imen tal protection The people's governments at the provincial， city and county levels have also successively established environmental protection administration departments to carry out overall supervision and administration of the environ"imen tal protection work in their At present， there are nationwide more than 2，500 environmental protection administration departments above the county level with a total staff of 88，000 engaged in environmental administration， monitoring， inspection and control， statistics collection， scientific research， pub"ilicity and Environmental protection organizations have also been established in comprehensive administration departments， resources administration departments and industrial departments under governments at various levels to take charge of related environmental and resources protection Most of China's large and medium-sized enterprises have also set up environmental protection organizations responsible for their own anti-pollution work and the promotion of cleaner At present， the total number of various types of environmental protection workers employed by the various departments and enterprises exceeds 200，
中英文的没有，只有英文，自己翻译去吧
环境污染与可持续发展论文范文英文版高中生
怎么这么像我期末考的作文呀？？是不是还有扮成熊猫的的北极熊？？我只写了一句话了，sorry，myenglishisverypoor，soidontknownhowtowrightit。然后就交了。
自己写写么好嘞environment pollution很简单的论题阿相信自己
人一直以为地球上的海、陆、空是无穷尽的，所以从不担心把千万吨废气送到天空去，又把数以亿吨计的垃圾倒进海洋。大家都认为世界这么大，这一点废物算什么？我们错了，其实地球虽大，但生物只能在海拔8千米到海底11千米的范围内生活，而占了95%的生物都只能生存在中间约3公里的范围内，人竟肆意地从三方面来弄污这有限的生活环境。 海洋污染：主要是从油船与油井漏出来的原油，农田用的杀虫剂和化肥，工厂排出的污水，矿场流出的酸性溶液；它们使得大部分的海洋湖泊都受到污染，结果不但海洋生物受害，就是鸟类和人类也可能因吃了这些生物而中毒。 陆地污染：垃圾的清理成了各大城市的重要问题，每天千万吨的垃圾中，好些是不能焚化或腐化的，如塑料、橡胶、玻璃、铝等废物。它们成了城市卫生的第一号敌人。 空气污染：这是最为直接与严重的了，主要来自工厂、汽车、发电厂等等放出的一氧化碳和硫化氢等，每天都有人因接触了这些污浊空气而染上呼吸器官或视觉器官的毛病。我们若仍然漠视专家的警告，将来一定会落到无半寸净土可住的地步。 环境污染是指人类直接或间接地向环境排放超过其自净能力的物质或能量，从而使环境的质量降低，对人类的生存与发展、生态系统和财产造成不利影响的现象。具体包括：水污染、大气污染、噪声污染、放射性污染等。水污染是指水体因某种物质的介入，而导致其化学、物理、生物或者放射性污染等方面特性的改变，从而影响水的有效利用，危害人体健康或者破坏生态环境，造成水质恶化的现象。大气污染是指空气中污染物的浓度达到有害程度，以致破坏生态系统和人类正常生存和发展的条件，对人和生物造成危害的现象。噪声污染是指所产生的环境噪声超过国家规定的环境噪声排放标准，并干扰他人正常工作、学习、生活的现象。放射性污染是指由于人类活动造成物料、人体、场所、环境介质表面或者内部出现超过国家标准的放射性物质或者射线。例如，超过国家和地方政府制定的排放污染物的标准，超种类、超量、超浓度排放污染物；未采取防止溢流和渗漏措施而装载运输油类或者有毒货物致使货物 落水造成水污染；非法向大气中排放有毒有害物质，造成大气污染事故，等等。 随着科学技术水平的发展和人民生活水平的提高，环境污染也在增加，特别是在发展中国家。 环境污染问题越来越成为世界各个国家的共同课题之一。 由于人们对工业高度发达的负面影响预料不够，预防不利，导致了全球性的 三大危机 : 资源短缺、环境污染、生态破坏 人类不断的向环境排放污染物质。但由于大气、水、土壤等的扩散、稀释、氧化还原、生物降解等的作用。污染物质的浓度和毒性会自然降低，这种现象叫做 环境自净 。如果排放的物质超过了环境的自净能力，环境质量就会发生不良变化，危害人类健康和生存，这就发生了环境污染 。 环境污染会降低生物生产量，加剧环境破坏。 环境污染源主要有以下几方面： 1）工厂排出的废烟、废气、废水、废渣和噪音； 2）人们生活中排出的废烟、废气、噪音、赃水、垃圾； 3）交通工具（所有的燃油车辆、轮船、飞机等）排出的废气和噪音； 4）大量使用化肥、杀虫剂、除草剂等化学物质的农田灌溉后流出的水。5）矿山废水、废渣。水污染的危害是不是不言而喻的水体污染，水质恶化对人体健康和人类生活，生产都带来了严重环保是现代生活中人类面临的最大问题要解决这一问题必须从基础做起 首先，要大量宣传，提高人们的觉悟与认识，加强环保意识 其次，要进行废物回收利用，减少对森林树木的砍伐还要加强对白色污染的处理，少使用塑料制品 最后，要对清洁方面作改进使市容更整洁 为了地球的明天，我们必须从现在开始努力，要好好地保护环境于此我们提出如下建议: 实行垃圾分类袋装化这样不仅能减少环卫工人的工作量，还能更好地起到废物利用，减少污染，节约资源 买菜时，少用塑料袋，尽量用竹篮子 用笔尽量用可换芯的，减少圆珠笔外壳的浪费与垃圾量 外出吃饭尽量不用一次性饭盒 播种绿色就是播种希望 垃圾过剩与环境问题 垃圾的回收及资源化综合利用 垃圾的回收及资源化综合利用(下)海浴室中的科学 从喝纯水想起 时下，饮用水正成为一种潮流尽管媒介不只一次地介绍过饮用水的种种弊端，但饮用水族仍然日益扩大 饮用水不单单指纯水，还包括矿泉水，蒸馏水甚至太空水等等 而我们喝着长大的自来水则成了相对的非饮用水 我们并不排除目前饮用水风靡，炒作起了一定的作用， 但它反映了当前水体污染的严重已经到了难以下口的程度
Today's society is a highly developed technological However， the shortcomings in the development process are obvious， such as: carbon dioxide， and environmental But the most serious should be the carbon dioxide Now the problem of global warming because of excess emissions of greenhouse Excessive amount of carbon dioxide emissions， creating a diversified economy and La Nina phenomena lag Two levels of glaciers melting， polar animals lose their chance of survival at the same time， will lead to rising sea levels， many coastal cities into the water did not result in a few years Therefore， we must take the necessary measures to reduce the environmental impact of carbon For example: tree-planting activities， reduce fossil fuel use， we can from our own， to promote low-carbon
环境污染与可持续发展论文范文英文版初中政治
自己写写么好嘞environment pollution很简单的论题阿相信自己
你可以先从环境保护的角度出发，写环境保护的重要性，其次你再看下，可持续发展，期刊上找下这类的文献参考。相信你的能写好这篇文章的
中国的环境保护问题（英汉对照）中国政府十分重视因人口增长和经济发展而出现的环境问题，把保护环境作为提高人民生活水平和生活质量的一个重要方面。为了促进经济、社会与环境的协调发展，中国在80年代制定并实施了一系列保护环境的方针、政策、法律和措施。The Chinese government has paid great attention to the environmental issues arising from the country's population growth and economic development， and has made protecting the environment an important aspect of the improvement of the people's living standards and quality of In order to promote coordinated development between the economy， the society and the environment， China enacted and implemented a series of principles， policies， laws and measures for environmental protection in the ——确立环境保护为中国的一项基本国策。防治环境污染和生态破坏以及合理开发利用自然资源关系到国家的全局利益和长远发展，中国政府坚定不移地贯彻执行环境保护这项基本国策。-- Making environmental protection one of China's basic national The prevention and control of environmental pollution and ecological destruction and the rational exploitation and utilization of natural resources are of vital importance to the country's overall interests and long-term The Chinese government is unswervingly carrying out the basic national policy of environmental ——制定经济建设、城乡建设和环境建设同步规划、同步实施、同步发展，实现经济效益、社会效益、环境效益相统一的指导方针，实行“预防为主，防治结合”、“谁污染，谁治理”和“强化环境管理”三大政策。-- Formulating the guiding principles of simultaneous planning， simultaneous implementation and simultaneous development for economic construction， urban and rural construction and environmental construction， and combining the economic returns with social effects and environmental benefits; and carrying out the three major policies of ``prevention first and combining prevention with control，'' ``making the causer of pollution responsible for treating it'' and ``intensifying environmental '' ——颁布实施环境保护的法律法规，把环境保护建立在法制的基础上，不断完善环境法律体系，严格执法程序，加大执法力度，保证环境法律法规的有效实施。-- Promulgating and putting into effect laws and regulations regarding environmental protection and placing environmental protection on a legal footing， continuously improving the statutes concerning the environment， formulating strict law-enforcement procedures and increasing the intensity of law enforcement so as to ensure the effective implementation of the environmental laws and ——坚持环境保护纳入国民经济和社会发展计划，实施国家指导下的宏观调控与管理，逐步增加对环境保护的投入，使环境保护与各项建设事业统筹兼顾，协调发展。-- Persisting in incorporating environmental protection into the plans for national economic and social development， introducing to it macro regulation and management under state guidance， and gradually increasing environmental protection input so as to give simultaneous consideration to environmental protection and other undertakings and ensure their coordinated ——建立健全各级政府的环境保护机构，形成比较完善的环境管理体制，充分发挥环境监督管理的作用。-- Establishing and improving environmental protection organizations under governments at all levels， forming a rather complete environmental control system， and bringing into full play the governments' role in environmental supervision and ——加速环境科学技术的进步。加强基础理论研究，组织科技攻关，开发和推广防治环境污染的实用技术，扶植环境保护产业的发展，初步形成了环境保护科研体系。-- Accelerating progress in environmental science and Strengthening research into basic theories， organizing the tackling of key scientific and technological problems， developing and popularizing prac"itical technology for environmental pollution prevention and control， fostering the growth of environmental protection industries， and giving initial shape to an environmental protection scientific research ——开展环境宣传教育，提高全民族的环境意识。广泛进行环境宣传，逐步普及中小学环境教育，发展环境保护在职教育和专业教育，培养环境科学技术和管理方面的专门人才。-- Carrying out environmental publicity and education to enhance the whole nation's awareness of the Widely conducting environmental publicity work， gradually popularizing environmental education in secondary and primary schools， developing on-the-job education in environ"imen tal protection and vocational education， and training specialized personnel in environmental science and technology as well as environmental ——推进环境保护领域的国际合作。积极发展同世界各国和国际组织在环境与发展方面的交流与合作，认真履行国际环境公约，努力发挥中国在国际环境事务中的作用。-- Promoting international cooperation in the field of environmental Actively expanding exchanges and cooperation concerning the environment and development with other countries and international organizations， earnestly implementing international environmental conventions， and seeking scope for China's role in global environmental 进入90年代，国际社会与世界各国在探索解决环境与发展问题的道路上迈出了重要一步。1992年6月，联合国环境与发展大会把可持续发展作为未来共同的发展战略，得到了与会各国政府的普遍赞同。Since the beginning of the 1990s the international community and various countries have made an important step forward in exploring solutions to problems of the environment and The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development， held in June 1992， made sustainable development the strategy for common development in the future， and this won wide acclaim from the governments of all countries represented at the 1992年8月，联合国环境与发展大会之后，中国政府提出了中国环境与发展应采取的十大对策，明确指出走可持续发展道路是当代中国以及未来的必然选择。In August 1992， shortly after that conference， the Chinese government put forward ten major measures China was to adopt to enhance its environment and development， clearly pointing out that the road of sustainable development was a logical choice for China now and in the 1994年3月，中国政府批准发布了《中国21世纪议程 ——�中国21世纪人口、环境与发展白皮书》，从人口、环境与发展的具体国情出发，提出了中国可持续发展的总体战略、对策以及行动方案。有关部门和地方也分别制定了实施可持续发展战略的行动计划。In March 1994 the Chinese government approved and promulgated China's Agenda 21 -- White Paper on China's Population， Environment， and Development in the 21st C This document， proceeding from the country's specific national conditions in these three respects， put forward China's overall strategy， measures and program of action for sustainable The various departments and localities also worked out their respective plans of action to implement the strategy for sustainable 1996年3月，第八届全国人民代表大会第四次会议审议通过的《中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展“九五”计划和2010年远景目标纲要》，把实施可持续发展作为现代化建设的一项重大战略，使可持续发展战略在中国经济建设和社会发展过程中得以实施。 At its Fourth Session in March 1996 China's Eighth National People's Congress examined and adopted the Ninth Five-Year Plan of the People's Republic of China for National Economic and Social Development and the Outline of the Long-Term Target for the Year Both the Plan and Outline take sustainable development as an important strategy for modernization， thus making it possible for the implementation of the strategy of sustainable development in the course of China's economic construction and social 二、逐步完善的法律体系与管理体制 中国重视环境法制建设，目前已经形成了以《中华人民共和国宪法》为基础，以《中华人民共和国环境保护法》为主体的环境法律体系。 《中华人民共和国宪法》规定：“国家保护和改善生活环境和生态环境，防治污染和其他公害。”“国家保障自然资源的合理利用，保护珍贵的动物和植物。禁止任何组织或者个人用任何手段侵占或者破坏自然资源。” 《中华人民共和国环境保护法》是中国环境保护的基本法。该法确立了经济建设、社会发展与环境保护协调发展的基本方针，规定了各级政府、一切单位和个人保护环境的权利和义务。 中国针对特定的环境保护对象制定颁布了多项环境保护专门法以及与环境保护相关的资源法，包括：《水污染防治法》、《大气污染防治法》、《固体废物污染环境防治法》、《海洋环境保护法》、《森林法》、《草原法》、《渔业法》、《矿产资源法》、《土地管理法》、《水法》、《野生动物保护法》、《水土保持法》、《农业法》等。 中国政府还制定了《噪声污染防治条例》、《自然保护区条例》、《放射性同位素与射线装置放射防护条例》、《化学危险品安全管理条例》、《淮河流域水污染防治暂行条例》、《海洋石油勘探开发环境保护管理条例》、《海洋倾废管理条例》、《陆生野生动物保护实施条例》、《风景名胜区管理暂行条例》、《基本农田保护条例》、《城市绿化条例》等30多件环境保护行政法规。此外，各有关部门还发布了大量的环境保护行政规章。 中国地方人民代表大会和地方人民政府为实施国家环境保护法律，结合本地区的具体情况，制定和颁布了600多项环境保护地方性法规。 环境标准是中国环境法律体系的一个重要组成部分，包括环境质量标准、污染物排放标准、环境基础标准、样品标准和方法标准。环境质量标准、污染物排放标准分为国家标准和地方标准。到1995年底，中国颁布了364项各类国家环境标准。中国法律规定，环境质量标准和污染物排放标准属于强制性标准，违反强制性环境标准，必须承担相应的法律责任。 在建立健全环境法律体系的过程中，中国把环境执法放在与环境立法同等重要的位置，连续4年开展了全国环境执法检查，对污染和破坏环境的行为进行严肃查处，对环境违法犯罪行为进行严厉打击。中国十分重视人民群众和新闻舆论对环境违法行为的监督，开辟了人民群众反映环境问题的渠道，加强了新闻媒介对环境违法行为的揭露和曝光。 应该指出的是，中国的环境法制建设还需要进一步完善，如某些方面存在着立法空白、有些法律的内容需要补充和修改、有法不依、执法不严的现象等。因此，继续加强环境法制建设仍是一项重要的战略任务。 中国同样重视环境管理体制建设，现在已经建立起由全国人民代表大会立法监督，各级政府负责实施，环境保护行政主管部门统一监督管理，各有关部门依照法律规定实施监督管理的体制。 全国人民代表大会设有环境与资源保护委员会，负责组织起草和审议环境与资源保护方面的法律草案并提出报告，监督环境与资源保护方面法律的执行，提出同环境与资源保护问题有关的议案，开展与各国议会之间在环境与资源保护领域的交往。一些省、市人民代表大会也相应设立了环境与资源保护机构。 国务院环境保护委员会由国务院有关部门的领导成员组成，是国务院环境保护工作的议事和协调机构。其主要任务是：研究和审议国家环境保护与经济协调发展的方针、政策和措施，指导并协调解决有关的重大环境问题，监督检查各地区、各部门贯彻执行环境保护法律法规的情况，推动和促进全国环境保护事业的发展。省、市、县人民政府也相应设立了环境保护委员会。 国家环境保护局是国务院环境保护行政主管部门，对全国环境保护工作实施统一监督管理。省、市、县人民政府也相继设立了环境保护行政主管部门，对本辖区的环境保护工作实施统一监督管理。目前，中国县级以上环境保护行政主管部门有2500多个，从事环境行政管理、监测、监理、统计、科学研究、宣传教育等的总人数达8万人。 中国各级政府的综合部门、资源管理部门和工业部门也设立了环境保护机构，负责相应的环境与资源保护工作。中国多数大中型企业也设有环境保护机构，负责本企业的污染防治以及推行清洁生产。目前，各部门和企业的各类环境保护人员已达20多万人。 China pays great attention to environmental legislative work and has now established an environmental statutory framework that takes the Constitution of the People's Republic of China as the foundation and the Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China as the main The Constitution of the People's Republic of China stipulates， ``The state protects and improves the living environment and the ecological environment， and prevents and remedies pollution and other public hazards，'' and ``The state ensures the rational use of natural resources and protects rare animals and The appropriation or damage of natural resources by any organization or individual by whatever means is prohib"'' The Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China is the cardinal law for environmental protection in C The law has established the basic principle for coordinated development between economic construction， social progress and environmental protection， and defined the rights and duties of governments at all levels， all units and individuals as regards environmental China has enacted and promulgated many special laws on environmental protection as well as laws on natural resources related to environmental They include the Law on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution， Law on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution， Law on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Wastes， Marine Environment Protection Law， Forestry Law， Grassland Law， Fisheries Law， Mineral Resources Law， Land Administration Law， Water Resources Law， Law on the Protection of Wild Animals， Law on Water and Soil Conservation， and Agriculture L The Chinese government has also enacted more than 30 administrative decrees regarding environmental protection， including the Regulations for the Prevention and Control of Noise Pollution， Regulations on Nature Reserves， Regulations on the Prevention of and Protection Against Radiation from Radio Isotopes and Radioactive Device， Regulations on the Safe Administration of Chemicals and Other Dangerous Materials， Provisional Regulations on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution in the Huaihe River Drainage Area， Regulations Governing Environmental Protection Administration in Offshore Oil Exploration and Development， Regulations on the Control of Marine Wastes Dumping， Regulations for the Implementation of the Protection of Terrestrial Wildlife， Pro"ivisional Regulations on the Administration of National Parks， Regulations on the Protection of Basic Farmland， and Regulations on Urban A In addition， departments concerned have also issued a number of administrative rules and decrees on environmental To implement the state's environmental protection laws and regulations， people's congresses and people's governments at local levels， proceeding from specific conditions in their own areas， have enacted and promulgated more than 600 local laws on environmental Environmental standards are an important component of China's environmental statutory They include environmental quality standards， pollutant discharge or emission standards， basic environmental criteria， criteria for samples， and criteria for The environmental quality standards and pollutant discharge or emission standards are divided into state standards and local By the end of 1995， China had promulgated state environmental standards on 364 As stipulated in Chinese law， the environmental quality standards and pollutant discharge standards are compulsory standards， and those who violate these compulsory environmental standards must bear the corresponding legal In the process of establishing and improving the environmental statutory framework， China attaches equal importance to environmental law enforcement and environmental For four years in a row， China has conducted nationwide checks on the enforcement of environmental legislation to seriously deal with acts of polluting and damaging the environment and severely punish environmental law China pays great attention to supervision exercised by the people and media over law-breaking activities regarding the environment -- it has opened channels for the masses of people to report on environmental problems and adopted measures for the media to expose environmental law-breaking But it should be pointed out that China's environmental legislative work needs to be further For instance， some areas still remain uncovered， some contents are yet to be amended or revised and there are still the phenomena of not fully observing or enforcing Therefore， to make continuous efforts to strengthen environmental legislative work remains an important strategic China attaches equal importance to the establishment of an environmental administrative It has established a system in which the National People's Congress enacts the laws， governments at different levels take responsibility for their enforcement， the administrative departments in charge of environmental protection exercise overall supervision and administration and the various departments concerned exercise supervision and administration according to the stipulations of the The National People's Congress has established an Environment and Resources Protection Committee， whose work it is to organize the formulation and examination of drafted laws related to environmental and resources protection and prepare the necessary reports， exercise supervision over the enforcement of laws governing environmental and resources protection， put forward motions related to the issue of environmental and resources protection， and conduct exchanges with parliaments in other countries in the field of environmental and resources The people's congresses of some provinces and cities have also established corresponding environmental and resources protection The Environmental Protection Committee under the State Council is made up of leaders of various related ministries under the State C It is the State Council's consultancy and coordination agency for environmental protection Its major tasks are studying and examining the principles， policies and measures relating to coordinative development of the country's economy and environmental protection， giving guidance to and coordinating efforts in tackling major environmental problems， exercising supervision over and conducting checks on the implementation of the environmental protection laws and regulations by various localities and departments， and promoting the development of environmental protection undertakings throughout the The people's governments at the provincial， city and county levels have also established corresponding environmental protection The National Environmental Protection Agency is the competent environmental protection administration agency under the State Council， whose task it is to exercise overall supervision and administration over the country's environ"imen tal protection The people's governments at the provincial， city and county levels have also successively established environmental protection administration departments to carry out overall supervision and administration of the environ"imen tal protection work in their At present， there are nationwide more than 2，500 environmental protection administration departments above the county level with a total staff of 88，000 engaged in environmental administration， monitoring， inspection and control， statistics collection， scientific research， pub"ilicity and Environmental protection organizations have also been established in comprehensive administration departments， resources administration departments and industrial departments under governments at various levels to take charge of related environmental and resources protection Most of China's large and medium-sized enterprises have also set up environmental protection organizations responsible for their own anti-pollution work and the promotion of cleaner At present， the total number of various types of environmental protection workers employed by the various departments and enterprises exceeds 200，