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英文科技论文写作与学术报告答案第三章

发布时间:2024-07-06 13:24:55

英文科技论文写作与学术报告答案第三章

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散文鉴赏技法读散文要识得“文眼”凡是构思精巧、富有意境或写得含蓄的诗文,往往都有“眼”的安置。鉴赏散文时,要全力找出能揭示全篇旨趣和有画龙点睛妙用的“文眼”,以便领会作者为文的缘由与目的。“文眼”的设置因文而异,可以是一个字、一句话、一个细节、一缕情丝,乃至一景一物。并非每篇散文都有必要的“文眼”。注意散文表现手法的特点注意散文表现手法的特点,深入体会文章的内容。散文常常托物寄意,为了使读者具体感受到所寄寓的丰富内涵,作者常常对所写的事物作细致的描绘和精心的刻画,就是所谓的“形得而神自来焉”。我们读文章就要抓住“形”的特点,由“形”见“神”,深入体会文章内容。注意展开联想,领会文章的神韵联想的方式有:①串联式:如《猎户》“尚二叔→百中老人→董昆”;②辐射式:如《土地》以“土地”为中心生发开去,写“热爱生活,保卫土地,建设土地”;③假托式:如《白杨礼赞》;④屏风式:如《风景谈》。注意丰富的联想,由此及彼,由浅入深,由实到虚,这样才能体会到文章的神韵,领会到更深刻的道理。(资料来源:中国论文网)“中国论文网”里面资料挺齐全的,小编亲身体验过,还是挺不错的。

"英语科技论文"这里有大量的范文及标准的写作格式,希望能够帮助到你

标准论文格式:  标准论文格式字体的第一页:  论文题目(黑体、居中、三号字)  (空一行)  作者(宋体、小三)  (空一行)  [摘要](四号黑体)空一格打印内容(四号宋体,200-300字)……  (空一行)  [关键词](四号黑体)关键词内容(小四号宋体、每两个关键词之间空两格)  标准论文字体格式的第二页:  目录(居中、四号黑体)  (空一行)  (空一行)  引言(小四号宋体)……页码(小四号宋体)  一、标题(小四号宋体)……页码(小四号宋体)  (小标题)(小四号宋体)……页码(小四号宋体)  (1)(下级标题)(小四号宋体)……页码(小四号宋体)  二、(标题)(小四号宋体)……页码(小四号宋体)  (小标题)(小四号宋体)……页码(小四号宋体)  (1)(下级标题)(小四号宋体)……页码(小四号宋体)  参考文献(小四号宋体)……页码(小四号宋体)  附录(小四号宋体)……页码(小四号宋体)  致谢语(小四号宋体)……页码(小四号宋体)  英文题目、摘要、关键词(小四号宋体)……页码(小四号宋体)  第三页开始:毕业论文正文  引言(居中、四号黑体)  (空一行)  (空一行)  引言内容用小四号宋体打印  (空一行)  (空一行)  一、(标题)(居中、四号黑体)  (空一行)  (空一行)  1、(小标题)(四号宋体)  (空一行)  (1)(下级小标题)(小四号黑体)  (正文内容用小四号宋体、下同)  (空一行)  (空一行)  1、(小标题)(四号宋体)  (空一行)  (1)(下级小标题)(小四号黑体)  ·  ·  ·  (空一行)  (空一行)  结论(内容用小四号宋体)  (空一行)  (空一行)  附录(居中、四号黑体)  附录内容(内容用小四号宋体)  (空一行)  (空一行)  参考文献(居中、四号黑体)  参考文献(内容用五号宋体)  (空一行)  (空一行)  致谢(居中、四号黑体)  (空一行)  (空一行)  致谢语(内容用小四号宋体)  (空一行)  (空一行)  最后一页  (英文题目)(居中、小四号Arial体)  (空一行)  (空一行)  摘要(小四号Arial体)(内容用五号Arial体)  关键词(小四号Arial体)(内容用五号Arial体、每个单词间空二格)  (以上内容来源于学术堂)

英文科技论文写作与学术报告课后答案第三章

With the development of science and technology, people's lives have been greatly There is no doubt that we benefit a lot from the scientific advancements in many different For instance, the invention of computers dramatically increases work efficiency and helps complete many difficult tasks that were impossible in the Apart from this, new discoveries and technology in medicine improve people's health, which allows them to enjoy a longer The progress of science also enlarges human's ablilities to explore the world around them, from up into space to deep under the Thanks to the development of science and technology, human society has enjoyed continuous prosperity and more However, just like a double-edged sword, science can cause problems It is known to all that the nuclear power, an environmentally friendly source of energy, can also be developed into a weapon of mass In addition, human cloning, which is expected to cure many serious diseases and save lives, may bring disasters of social As a matter of fact, most of the improvements in science are made at the cost of our precious natural resources and have done great harm to the environment where we live Therefore, how to deal with the progress of science and technology properly is worth our careful

《英文科技论文与写作课后习题资料》百度网盘pdf最新全集下载:链接: 提取码:fa5d简介:俗语道“磨刀不误砍柴工”,英文科技论文写作也是如此,在写作之前要做好充分的准备工作,最重要的是内容的准备。就科技论文来说,就是要做好实验设计与数据分析,并从中精简出对论文写作有用的数据,再将其制作成相应的图表,并辅以正确的分析、比较和利用。写作时一定要注意,使用数据制作的图表应与论文主题衔接匹配,只有这样,才能让论文更有说服力。

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英文科技论文写作与学术报告第四章答案

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A Flow Shop with Compatibility Constraints in a Steelmaking Plant* Abstract We present a scheduling methodology for applications where the generation of schedules is constrained by antagonistic and vague Besides temporal and capacity constraints, compatibility constraints between consecutive jobs are We model the vague constraints and uncertain data by fuzzy set The importance of single jobs and the difficulty to schedule them is defined on the different constraints and is used to control the generation of A preliminary schedule is generated by considering the important jobs and those that are difficult to schedule Easy or not so important jobs are scheduled Finally, the achieved schedule is “repaired” until a schedule is found that achieves a given level of Since the goodness of solutions is rated by fuzzy sets, robust schedules achieve better evaluations than weak However, if no robust solution is found constraints will be This methodology is appropriate for applications in process engineering where uncertain knowledge is We explain the methodology with a case study from a steelmaking plant for high-grade steel 补充: Bidding for the Olympic Games, in a way, an image-creating The first and foremost thing is to let people fall in love with the city at first sight, attracting them by its unipue What image does Beijing intend to create for itself once it has the opportunity to host the 2008 Olympics? It is known to all that the Beijing Municipal Government has already set the theme for the future games: New Beijing, Great O For me, the 2008 Olympics will be a great green Olympics illuminated with two more special colors, yellow and First, yellow is a meaningful The Yellow River is China's Mother River and the descendants of the Yellow E This color has a special origin and great significance for the Chinese Beijing is the capital of New China and previously the capital for nine dynasties in Chinese So, yellow will naturally add splendor to the 2008 G Secondly, the 2008 Olympics will be a red Red is another traditionally cherished color for the whole We adore On big occasions, we like to decorate our homes in It is the color of double happiness, representing joyous moments, auspiciousness, enthusiasm and Red is one of the most suitable colors to describe the future of Beijing Beijing , together with the whole country, is becoming more and more prosperous in the process of Should the 2008 Olympics be held in Beijing, the whole city will be a sea of red : the red torch,red flags, red flowers, and the radiant faces of millions of joyful Above all, the 2008 Olympics will be a green O Adding a green ingredient is essential in creating an appealing image, as we can't deny the fact that Beijing, at the moment, is not as green a city as what we like it to Striving for an environmentally appealing city has become a central task for all the citizens of B Big efforts have been made in pollution control, replanting and beautification of the According to a project entitled" The Green Olympic Action Plan", between 1998 and 2007, Beijing, we have invested 100 billion RMB in preserving and protecting the Some 5 million trees and over 1 million acres of grass will be planted along the Fourth Ring R By then, the city's green area will make up 40% of its The city will also dredge its reservoirs used as a water supply to Beijing residents, controlling industrial pollution and moving out the 200 factories presently located within the city Certainly, all of this is no easy But I am sure that all of us have confidence that we will realize these green For now we have the full support and participation of the environmentally conscious Each citizen is showing great concern for every one of the steps the city government As the saying goes, United, we stand, and a green Beijing will be When our aspiration becomes a reality, it will be a unique O" New Beijing, Great Olympics"; will be weaved of these three superb colors: yellow, red and 追问: 用中文写清楚 这篇英文文章研究的是什么问题?这个问题是怎么研究的?发现了什么?这些发现意 味着什么? 谢谢 回答: 第一篇与电有关求采纳

论文格式 当我们对一个问题研究之后,如何将其展现于众人面前是一个重要的工作。在这里我们结合具体的事例,给大家介绍科研的一个重要部分枣论文的一般格式及其注意事项。当然,要写出一篇好的论文,绝不是单单这么一个简要的介绍就够了,还需自己多写、多练。 随着科学技术的发展,越来越多的学者涉及到学术论文的写作领域,那么怎样写学术论文、学术论文写作是怎样要求的、格式如何,下面就介绍一下学术论文的写作,希望能对您论文写作有所帮助。 (一)题名(Title,Topic)1、论文格式的论文题目:(下附署名)要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。 论文题目是一篇论文给出的涉及论文范围与水平的第一个重要信息,也是必须考虑到有助于选定关键词不达意和编制题录、索引等二次文献可以提供检索的特定实用信息。 论文题目十分重要,必须用心斟酌选定。有人描述其重要性,用了下面的一句话:论文题目是文章的一半。 对论文题目的要求是:准确得体;简短精炼;外延和内涵恰如其分;醒目。对这四方面的要求分述如下。1.准确得体要求论文题目能准确表达论文内容,恰当反映所研究的范围和深度。 常见毛病是:过于笼统,题不扣文。关键问题在于题目要紧扣论文内容,或论文内容民论文题目要互相匹配、紧扣,即题要扣文,文也要扣题。这是撰写论文的基本准则。2.简短精炼力求题目的字数要少,用词需要精选。至于多少字算是合乎要求,并无统一的硬性规定,一般希望一篇论文题目不要超出20个字,不过,不能由于一味追求字数少而影响题目对内容的恰当反映,在遇到两者确有矛盾时,宁可多用几个字也要力求表达明确。 若简短题名不足以显示论文内容或反映出属于系列研究的性质,则可利用正、副标题的方法解决,以加副标题来补充说明特定的实验材料,方法及内容等信息使标题成为既充实准确又不流于笼统和一般化。3.外延和内涵要恰如其分外延和内涵属于形式逻辑中的概念。所谓外延,是指一个概念所反映的每一个对象;而所谓内涵,则是指对每一个概念对象特有属性的反映。 命题时,若不考虑逻辑上有关外延和内涵的恰当运用,则有可能出现谬误,至少是不当。4.醒目论文题目虽然居于首先映入读者眼帘的醒目位置,但仍然存在题目是否醒目的问题,因为题目所用字句及其所表现的内容是否醒目,其产生的效果是相距甚远的。 有人对36种公开发行的医学科持期刊1987年发表的论文的部分标题,作过统计分析,从中筛选100条有错误的标题。在100条有错误的标题中,属于省略不当错误的占20%;属于介词使用不当错误的占12%)。在使用介词时产生的错误主要有:①省略主语枣第一人称代词不达意后,没有使用介词结构,使辅助成分误为主语;②需要使用介词时又没有使用;③不需要使用介词结构时使用。属主事的错误的占11%;属于并列关系使用不当错误的占9%;属于用词不当、句子混乱错误的各占9%,其它类型的错误,如标题冗长、文题不符、重复、歧意等亦时有发生。(二)作者姓名和单位(Author and department)这一项属于论文署名问题。署名一是为了表明文责自负,二是记录作用的劳动成果,三是便于读者与作者的联系及文献检索(作者索引)。大致分为二种情形,即:单个作者论文和多作者论文。后者按署名顺序列为第一作者、第二作者厖。重要的是坚持实事求是的态度,对研究工作与论文撰写实际贡献最大的列为第一作者,贡献次之的,列为第二作者,余类推。注明作者所在单位同样是为了便于读者与作者的联系。(三)摘要(Abstract)论文一般应有摘要,有些为了国际交流,还有外文(多用英文)摘要。它是论文内容不加注释和评论的简短陈述。其他用是不阅读论文全文即能获得必要的信息。摘要应包含以下内容:①从事这一研究的目的和重要性;②研究的主要内容,指明完成了哪些工作;③获得的基本结论和研究成果,突出论文的新见解;④结论或结果的意义。论文摘要虽然要反映以上内容,但文字必须十分简炼,内容亦需充分概括,篇幅大小一般限制其字数不超过论文字数的5%。例如,对于6000字的一篇论文,其摘要一般不超出300字。论文摘要不要列举例证,不讲研究过程,不用图表,不给化学结构式,也不要作自我评价。 撰写论文摘要的常见毛病,一是照搬论文正文中的小标题(目录)或论文结论部分的文字;二是内容不浓缩、不概括,文字篇幅过长。(四)关键词(Key words)关键词属于主题词中的一类。主题词除关键词外,还包含有单元词、标题词的叙词。主题词是用来描述文献资料主题和给出检索文献资料的一种新型的情报检索语言词汇,正是由于它的出现和发展,才使得情报检索计算机化(计算机检索)成为可能。 主题词是指以概念的特性关系来区分事物,用自然语言来表达,并且具有组配功能,用以准确显示词与词之间的语义概念关系的动态性的词或词组。关键词是标示文献关建主题内容,但未经规范处理的主题词。关键词是为了文献标引工作,从论文中选取出来,用以表示全文主要内容信息款目的单词或术语。一篇论文可选取3~8个词作为关键词。关键词或主题词的一般选择方法是:由作者在完成论文写作后,纵观全文,先出能表示论文主要内容的信息或词汇,这些住处或词江,可以从论文标题中去找和选,也可以从论文内容中去找和选。例如上例,关键词选用了6个,其中前三个就是从论文标题中选出的,而后三个却是从论文内容中选取出来的。后三个关键词的选取,补充了论文标题所未能表示出的主要内容信息,也提高了所涉及的概念深度。需要选出,与从标题中选出的关键词一道,组成该论文的关键词组。关键词与主题词的运用,主要是为了适应计算机检索的需要,以及适应国际计算机联机检索的需要。一个刊物增加关键词这一项,就为该刊物提高引用率、增加知名度开辟了一个新的途径。(五)引言(Intorduction)引言又称前言,属于整篇论文的引论部分。其写作内容包括:研究的理由、目的、背景、前人的工作和知识空白,理论依据和实验基础,预期的结果及其在相关领域里的地位、作用和意义。引言的文字不可冗长,内容选择不必过于分散、琐碎,措词要精炼,要吸引读者读下去。引言的篇幅大小,并无硬性的统一规定,需视整篇论文篇幅的大小及论文内容的需要来确定,长的可达700~800字或1000字左右,短的可不到100字。(六)正文(Main body)正文是一篇论文的本论,属于论文的主体,它占据论文的最大篇幅。论文所体现的创造性成果或新的研究结果,都将在这一部分得到充分的反映。因此,要求这一部分内容充实,论据充分、可靠,论证有力,主题明确。为了满足这一系列要求,同时也为了做到层次分明、脉络清晰,常常将正文部分人成几个大的段落。这些段落即所谓逻辑段,一个逻辑段可包含几个自然段。每一逻辑段落可冠以适当标题(分标题或小标题)。段落和划分,应视论文性质与内容而定。(七)参考文献[序号] 编著者 书名[M],出版地:出版社,年代,起止页码 [序号] 作者 论文名称[J],期刊名称,年度,卷(期),起止页码电子文献的载体类型及其标识随着我国信息化进程的加快,电子文献的采用量逐渐加大,其标注方式的规范化已经提到议事日程上来了。现根据国家新闻出版署印发的《中国学术期刊(光盘版)检索与评价数据规范》的有关规定,对来稿提出如下要求:一、对于数据库、计算机程序及电子公告等电子文献类型的参考文献,以下列双字母作为标示:电子文献类型数据库计算机程序电子公告电子文献类型标识DBCPEB二、电子文献的载体类型及其标识对于非纸张类型载体的电子文献,当被引用为参考文献时需在参考文献类型中同时标明其载体类型。《规范》采用双字母表示电子文献载体类型:磁带(magnetic tape)MT,磁盘(disk)DK,光盘(CD-ROM) CD,联机网络(online)OL,并以下列格式表示包括了文献载体类型的参考文献类型标识:[文献类型标识/载体类型标识]如:[DB/OL]——联机网上数据库(database online)[ DB/MT]——磁带数据库(database on magnetic tape)[M/CD]——光盘图书(monograph on CD-ROM)[CP/DK]——磁盘软件(computer program on disk)[J/OL]——网上期刊(serial online)[EB/OL]——网上电子公告(electronic pulletin board online)如:[1]王明亮.关于中国学术期刊标准数据库系统工程的进展[DB/OL].文献网址, 1998-08-16/1998-10-04. 以纸张为载体的传统文献在引作参考文献时不必注明其载体类型。编写要求 页面要求:毕业论文须用A4(210×297)标准、70克以上白纸,一律采用单面打印;毕业论文页边距按以下标准设置:上边距为30mm,下边距为25mm,左边距和右边距为25mm;装订线为10mm,页眉16mm,页脚15mm。 页眉:页眉从摘要页开始到论文最后一页,均需设置。页眉内容:浙江广播电视大学汉语言文学类本科毕业论文,居中,打印字号为5号宋体,页眉之下有一条下划线。 页脚:从论文主体部分(引言或绪论)开始,用阿拉伯数字连续编页,页码编写方法为:第×页共×页,居中,打印字号为小五号宋体。 前置部分从中文题名页起单独编页。 字体与间距:毕业论文字体为小四号宋体,字间距设置为标准字间距,行间距设置为固定值20磅。

英文科技论文写作与学术报告答案第二章

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With the development of science and technology, people's lives have been greatly There is no doubt that we benefit a lot from the scientific advancements in many different For instance, the invention of computers dramatically increases work efficiency and helps complete many difficult tasks that were impossible in the Apart from this, new discoveries and technology in medicine improve people's health, which allows them to enjoy a longer The progress of science also enlarges human's ablilities to explore the world around them, from up into space to deep under the Thanks to the development of science and technology, human society has enjoyed continuous prosperity and more However, just like a double-edged sword, science can cause problems It is known to all that the nuclear power, an environmentally friendly source of energy, can also be developed into a weapon of mass In addition, human cloning, which is expected to cure many serious diseases and save lives, may bring disasters of social As a matter of fact, most of the improvements in science are made at the cost of our precious natural resources and have done great harm to the environment where we live Therefore, how to deal with the progress of science and technology properly is worth our careful

"英语科技论文"这里有大量的范文及标准的写作格式,希望能够帮助到你

英文科技论文写作与学术报告答案第五章

HKJHKJHKJHKJH KJHKJH JHRGSDHGKTYGIHIUUJLKJOIUKJHYJHGVHGHJGJHBJHGNMBGFDTLKUJOIHHTDGHV

A Flow Shop with Compatibility Constraints in a Steelmaking Plant* Abstract We present a scheduling methodology for applications where the generation of schedules is constrained by antagonistic and vague Besides temporal and capacity constraints, compatibility constraints between consecutive jobs are We model the vague constraints and uncertain data by fuzzy set The importance of single jobs and the difficulty to schedule them is defined on the different constraints and is used to control the generation of A preliminary schedule is generated by considering the important jobs and those that are difficult to schedule Easy or not so important jobs are scheduled Finally, the achieved schedule is “repaired” until a schedule is found that achieves a given level of Since the goodness of solutions is rated by fuzzy sets, robust schedules achieve better evaluations than weak However, if no robust solution is found constraints will be This methodology is appropriate for applications in process engineering where uncertain knowledge is We explain the methodology with a case study from a steelmaking plant for high-grade steel 补充: Bidding for the Olympic Games, in a way, an image-creating The first and foremost thing is to let people fall in love with the city at first sight, attracting them by its unipue What image does Beijing intend to create for itself once it has the opportunity to host the 2008 Olympics? It is known to all that the Beijing Municipal Government has already set the theme for the future games: New Beijing, Great O For me, the 2008 Olympics will be a great green Olympics illuminated with two more special colors, yellow and First, yellow is a meaningful The Yellow River is China's Mother River and the descendants of the Yellow E This color has a special origin and great significance for the Chinese Beijing is the capital of New China and previously the capital for nine dynasties in Chinese So, yellow will naturally add splendor to the 2008 G Secondly, the 2008 Olympics will be a red Red is another traditionally cherished color for the whole We adore On big occasions, we like to decorate our homes in It is the color of double happiness, representing joyous moments, auspiciousness, enthusiasm and Red is one of the most suitable colors to describe the future of Beijing Beijing , together with the whole country, is becoming more and more prosperous in the process of Should the 2008 Olympics be held in Beijing, the whole city will be a sea of red : the red torch,red flags, red flowers, and the radiant faces of millions of joyful Above all, the 2008 Olympics will be a green O Adding a green ingredient is essential in creating an appealing image, as we can't deny the fact that Beijing, at the moment, is not as green a city as what we like it to Striving for an environmentally appealing city has become a central task for all the citizens of B Big efforts have been made in pollution control, replanting and beautification of the According to a project entitled" The Green Olympic Action Plan", between 1998 and 2007, Beijing, we have invested 100 billion RMB in preserving and protecting the Some 5 million trees and over 1 million acres of grass will be planted along the Fourth Ring R By then, the city's green area will make up 40% of its The city will also dredge its reservoirs used as a water supply to Beijing residents, controlling industrial pollution and moving out the 200 factories presently located within the city Certainly, all of this is no easy But I am sure that all of us have confidence that we will realize these green For now we have the full support and participation of the environmentally conscious Each citizen is showing great concern for every one of the steps the city government As the saying goes, United, we stand, and a green Beijing will be When our aspiration becomes a reality, it will be a unique O" New Beijing, Great Olympics"; will be weaved of these three superb colors: yellow, red and 追问: 用中文写清楚 这篇英文文章研究的是什么问题?这个问题是怎么研究的?发现了什么?这些发现意 味着什么? 谢谢 回答: 第一篇与电有关求采纳

"英语科技论文"这里有大量的范文及标准的写作格式,希望能够帮助到你

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