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关于城市规划的论文题目大全初中英语

发布时间:2024-07-02 22:01:10

关于城市规划的论文题目大全初中英语

Settlements Ecological Ereas Design Abstract : ecological habitat areas through adjustment of ecological environment ecosystems and ecological factors, the area has become a natural ecology and human ecology, natural and artificial environment, a high degree of unity of material and spiritual civilizations, the ideals of sustainable development of urban Ecological areas of space rational structure, improving infrastructure, ecological construction, intelligent buildings and building life should be widely Use artificial environment and the natural environment It is consistent with urban planning and regional planning, and regional and urban harmony, is part of the ecological city, the host city and embodies Key word: Ecological house design 1 The ecological characteristics of small content Ecological habitat areas through adjustment of ecological environment ecosystems and ecological factors, the area has become a natural ecology and human ecology, natural and artificial environment, a high degree of unity of material and spiritual civilizations, the ideals of sustainable development of urban Ecological areas of space rational structure, improving infrastructure, ecological construction, the widespread application of smart buildings and the construction of life, artificial environment and the natural environment It is consistent with urban planning and regional planning, and regional and urban harmony, is part of the ecological city, the host city and embodies Compared with the traditional areas of ecological areas was essentially different from the following features: cohesion D symbiotic ecological areas within the natural and human, human to natural, intimate nature, natural into the residential areas into natural; At the same time, to create the environment to meet human needs of their own development, a human face, full of strong cultural atmosphere, mutual assistance groups have strong attractive, showing a prosperous, vigor and Area D ecological sustainability guided by sustainable development, and thus it can achieve small social, economic and environmental development, to achieve social and environmental benefits at the same time promoting economic development, and achieve rapid economic growth of high quality; Natural resources as a small public area can be used for a long, long Area D is not simply the pursuit of the overall ecological environment or Own prosperity, but also a social, economic, environmental overall coordination among development, nor is a small ecologicalization the ecologicalization, but overall the area of ecological and achieve overall ecological Therefore, the ecological residential building our cities will gradually change the current building environmental pollution, lack of effective environmental protection unreasonable status quo and achieve energy savings, and section, water conservation, pollution, and the effective management of the property to improve the environment of cities and areas have their own powerful 2 Ecological planning content areas (1) Ecological district planning objectives UN Man and the Biosphere Programme N 57 report pointed out: "It is natural ecological planning ecological and social psychological aspects of the two to create a fully integrated technology and natural human activity optimal environment induced human creativity and productivity in high material and cultural standard of "According to this description, We ecological areas can be understood as planning objectives : to ecology "as a whole, coordination, circulation, renewable" principle as a guide, through the promotion of eco-design methodology Habitat improvement of the quality of the environment and people in harmony with the natural, artificial and natural facilities coordination, and achieve small social-economic-natural complex system as a whole to achieve a coordinated and stable, balanced, orderly state of (2) ecological district planning methods The use of eco laws aiming at sustainable development, to engineering measures and technical means to support the traditional sense small design planning to become a real estate ecological areas to areas of ecological civilization advance the sustainable development of (3) the content of the ecological area planning Including small ecological planning, economic planning and social ecological ecological 1, ecological planning! Green indicators: The indicators are measured Ecological district level building the most important Green belts (including node and surface) to more than 50%, the per capita public green spaces in more than 28 square Ground water indicators : indicators that the water seepage capacity building bases to minimize concrete coverage, the use of natural drainage systems to facilitate rainwater infiltration, the ideal target is 80% of the surface area of flooding to Water-saving targets the targets for the development of alternative water resources (revenue) and the provincial water apparatus use (cut), as the main water-saving The former refers to the design of residential buildings or use force rain water purification system design, which means that rain, life-pooling processed, the required water quality standards, duplication in the use of non-potable water and non-physical contact with the complex Energy conservation targets : to design energy-efficient buildings through air-conditioning systems, lighting, night-ray use, the use of solar energy and other CO2 and waste reduction targets : the application of indicators to encourage Qinglianghua architectural structures, such as the use of steel construction to reduce construction sand Stone, brick and other building materials; Promote home simple interior designers, building materials recycling to achieve energy conservation, provincial resources, reduce waste and reduce carbon dioxide Sewage treatment indicators: the former for construction of storm water, sewage diversion pipeline systems, on the one hand facilitate the recycling of rainwater, on the other hand, could reduce the volume of sewage The latter refers to refuse collection and classification of resources Green traffic indicators: a clean, suitable for the urban environment, health useful means of transport to complete socio-economic According to Taiwan with the use of green transport assessment, foot, bicycle, Light Rail, trams, score 40 or more, and ordinary buses, trucks, motorcycles, scored in the following Therefore, ecological areas green transport planning should encourage residents to use green 2, economic ecological planning! The overall objective is to resource consumption and environmental pollution to the light of the rapid economic growth and cultivating scientific civilization consumption For this purpose, the application of green technology and green consumption production technology, and gradually change the energy structure, accelerate renewable energy alternative to fossil energy, applications hydropower, wind, biomass, solar and other green energy; Using natural ventilation and natural lighting and reduce energy consumption; In the area of production of green, green 3, the social ecology planning to enhance the sense of belonging and a small landmark, a center of the square and the charm of the inhabitants frog space; Supporting the establishment of complete, rationally ecological infrastructure, the creation of various age groups to facilitate crowd living environment; Area provide diversity, individuality residential, to ensure that all economic income people and people of various age levels demand; small commercial activities, public services, cultural activities, recreational activities, the center concentrated In short, ecological planning of new residential areas is a concept and a vision for the future of urban targets will be the ideal leisure parks and sustainable urban development trend of the future residential It is a magnificent building integrated engineering; we need long-term and unremitting 3、The ecological residential contents Ecological residential has a strict technical standard, developers can not arbitrarily self- Ecological residential demand in the energy and water, gas, sound, light, heat and the green environment, waste disposal, building materials and other aspects of the nine national 1, in the energy system, should avoid multiple pipelines into people's homes, the wall structure of residential energy-efficient design and reversal system and encourage the use of solar, wind, geothermal, maintaining appropriate indoor temperature, indoor temperature in the 2, the system called for the establishment of outdoor aquatic environment sewage reuse rainwater collection system and use the system, indoor and outdoor use of water saving devices, the use of water-saving landscape water 3, gas environment to the secondary system for the outdoor air quality standards, indoor ensure natural ventilation, ventilation ventilation facilities with bathrooms, kitchens have gas emission concentration system to the larger national air quality 4, sound environmental systems, Architectural designs have noise Jiangzao measures for outdoor daytime noise 50dB, less than 40dB noise at night, less than 35dB noise indoor day, night noise less than 30 dB5, optical environmental systems meet the requirements of interior design sunshine hours, try using natural light; indoor, avoid light pollution, such as glare advertising, curtain walls; indoor application of energy-saving lamps, and promote the use of solar green 6, ecological residential use has also requested approval of the National Environment Commission approved the award of the environment and surrounded by the signs of building materials to meet the non-toxic, harmless, non-polluting, non-radioactive, non-volatile requirements, the use of 3R (reusable, recyclable use, renewable use) Small green environment is an important theme of ecological residential, while living in the garbage disposal is a major part of a For residential ecology, ecological areas of life to the full bag of garbage collection, enclosed containers stored the collection rate 100% classification rate of 50%4、The types and characteristics of the ecological residential (a) the type of ecological residential 1, ecological residential categories : main advocate for the arts in origin, the maximum residential development ecological functional art, and art to such convergence of ecological art to be created as residential to create, whether such residential look from the outside or from within is a piece of 2, ecological wisdom categories: ecological wisdom mainly to highlight various features to maximize residential Any person living on possible devices capable of providing intelligent services have been placed in the appropriate part, the owner can rely on imagination and simple operation can achieve a special 3, in addition to other types of more! Species, there are eco-religious groups, lived a primitive tribal group, and some of the ecological category, ecological deficit tribunal Residential (2) the ecological health of the residential characteristics Ecological residential called "health " Not only ecological residential green, and from the planning point of view, the overall ecological area layout, monomer space portfolio, housing construction, natural energy use, energy efficiency measures, green systems and life support services in the design, must be to improve and enhance the ecological environment, the quality of life as a starting point and the Moreover, in actual design, layout on the green level, style and building mutual shine; Focus on different aspects of the complementary integration of plants, such as, inter ordinary plants, flowers and trees to watch, leafy trees, edible fruit trees, medicinal and aromatic plants cultivation; Green throughout the area to play while the other deeper ecological role, such as insulation, wind-proof, dust-proof and anti-noise, the elimination of poison material, adult bacterial virus, or even elimination from the visual sensory and mental fatigue, psychological And the housing construction, will consider the ecological and social ecology needs to save energy, to occupants of natural space and interpersonal Ecological residential to health Real estate not to sell land for the ultimate goal, nor is selling steel, cement house for the ultimate purpose is not to sell the concept and the environment as the ultimate goal, but to create a line with the development of human society and human needs of a healthy and civilized new home for the final It can be said that real estate is selling a lifestyle, a subculture is sold, the sale of a new society and a new Owners as a community, to really enjoy the community healthy and civilized new life, is not only reflected in the design of the real estate business, not only in the real estate area matching hardware facilities, but on community service software, people really enjoy the physical and mental This is a healthy and civilized into the 5、Ecological design and construction of residential Since China's reform and opening up, economic development has made remarkable achievements, but at the same time was accompanied by a waste of resources and environmental Since the backward production technologies, our average construction energy is developed 2~3 times, pollution was also very serious, our cities were the World Health Organization as a "serious pollution" in Real estate development and use of a large consumption of resources, produce large quantities of industrial To people hygiene, health, comfortable living, and environmental protection must be put in an important (1) The full use of solar energy Solar energy is the most important green energy is inexhaustible, widespread natural energy, and its advantage is extremely rich, clean, safe and Currently, the use of solar energy in residential areas, there are three main areas : solar water heaters, solar air conditioning and solar According to information on, for the installation of a 300 year by the solar hot water massage central hot water system will require an investment of about 15 million, the annual energy cost about 80,000 yuan, 2a can recover the full investment, and solar water heating systems for 15~20a useful life, then the costs of energy-saving equipment on the high 100~140 In recent decades, many countries are active in research, development, the use of solar energy, and achieved encouraging The most notable of which Australia and Israel, the prevalence of solar water heaters are 30% and 50% Our research and development of solar late, and achieved certain results, but only about 6% coverage, and development is uneven and more concentrated in the western region, the highest rate of Yunnan, 10% My solar abundant sunshine hours for 2500h years, the region accounted for more than 2/3 land area, some areas up to This use of solar energy for the development of our country provided a good With scientific and technological progress, the scope will be broader use of solar energy and energy conversion efficiency will be (2) rational use of water resources My country is a lack of water in some places, on the one hand, serious water shortages, on the other hand, Water is the key measures or "" Residents primarily drinking water consumption and use, including restaurants use about 5% of total consumption, while the remaining 95% for washing, In the residential area, according to applications of A, B two water A system specifically for drinking water (including milk, river, village, cooking) The system must be consistent with the water clean water drinking water B system exclusively for the use of The water system should be Household will tell, laundry, water and roofing rain, the ground water within a reservoir, filtration, purification, decontamination of physical, chemical processing, and then imported household "use water" for washing, car washing, forestation, features, flushing, sewage and other Water cycle use of the system can save a lot of (3) Planning for with the fast-paced economic development, land resources have Residential areas on the section to the problem, from three aspects 1, the volume of control at a reasonable level, not lower ;2, garage or into the overhead to the construction of three-dimensional multi-storey car park or underground, semi-underground car park ;3, with the section from the energy into two factors, are advised to the construction of multi-storey and high-level incomparable data small apartment, control building door independence households alone villa, particularly yard, beautiful landscape "auspicious treasure-house" should not build luxury villas and private gardens for a handful of people enjoy, and the construction of small parks and other public facilities should be for public (4) strong rectification, the promotion of environmental protection Housing construction and use of the existence of environmental Contaminated environment harms human health, which is well known On the environmental pollution problems in the past only to "waste" (waste, emissions, waste residue) pollution, and now increased pollution and light pollution and sound This is the realistic There are problems that electromagnetic With the improvement of people's living conditions, household appliances and usage is also increasing coverage, electromagnetic pollution has emerged, and the growing The content of this proposal into water plans and 6、Concluding remarks China Environmental Sciences Professor Xia Qing, a real sense of ecological residential areas should be from the design, construction until use, abandoned throughout the life cycle are harmless to the environment, not simply of little Because many of the latest technologies and building materials to be used, in order to build refuse and water treatment devices, the general real estate developers simply can not Now these may be environmental residential advance, but it is our residential development

试论城市规划要点 引言城市规划的定义 城市规划是城市发展的战略、建设城市的纲领、管理城市的依据。如何打造一个城市的风貌、建设一个和谐、生动、合理的空间体系,是现在规划建设中十分热门的话题。城市规划必须注重个性特征,城市个性是一个城市的特色,是独特魅力之所在,在我国的城市化进程中,千城一面、似曾相识的城市越来越多,城市的个性特色已湮没在程式化的钢筋混凝土之中,失去了城市的特色和魅力。 城市个性化成为现代城市规划的一个重要内容和突出特点。打好“文化牌”,彰显文化特征是十分重要的课题。美国城市建筑学家刘易斯·芒福德说:“城市是文化的容器”。无论是历史文化名城罗马、威尼斯,还是现代国际大都市巴黎、纽约、芝加哥,座座堪称文化艺术宫殿、建筑博物馆,处处折射出城市的文化,走进这些城市,就仿佛走进了他们的历史。因此,在城市规划中必须处理好建设与继承的关系,在发展中传承历史文化。否则,城市一旦失去历史陈迹,犹如人失去鲜明的个性,得到的利益是暂时的,而遗憾却是永远的。 由于城市所处的空间地理位置、地形条件、气象条件和自然环境的不同,构成了不同的城市环境空间形态,提供了每个城市区别于其他城市的环境空间特性。城市规划的一个重要任务,就是要充分认识该城市的山、水、林和风景名胜等自然景观要素,发掘、保护、利用、开发、改造自然环境空间特色,在共性中找出个性,围绕个性建设特色城市。与此同时也要注重生态的和谐与持续发展的战略。 规划与人文精神 城市规划的人文精神是在1933年国际现代建筑会议第四次会议发表的《雅典宪章》中提出的,里面提出的城市功能分区原则影响了现代城市规划将近半个世纪。这种功能主义的原则,一方面向古典建筑学派提出挑战,使城市规划、建筑开始从古典的放射、圆形广场一类形式主义的桎梏中解放出来;另一方面功能主义又使城市规划、建筑逐渐陷入机械主义,它刻板地分区肢解了城市的有机结构,忽略了人与人之间的多方面联系,破坏了城市的地方特性,其结果是使城市形态单调、布局混乱、建筑雷同。尤其是功利主义的影响,城市空间因最大限度的商业性开发,破坏了城市生态环境,污水、废气、噪声、交通事故等给城市造成了巨大的伤害。因此城市在抛弃了人文精神的同时,便从“文明中最伟大的创造”变成了“文明中最大的破坏”,也给人类带来了生存危机。 20世纪60年代,重新关注城市的历史文脉、地域文化和人们的生活,城市规划中的人文理念开始复苏。与此同时,国际规划、建筑界人士开展了“可持续发展城市”的研究,并指出可持续发展的根本出发点是“为了城市人民”。这表明,城市人文精神将得到完全意义上的复兴与再生,人文因素将是21世纪城市文明的灵魂。 人文因素在中国的造城运动中是历史悠久的。明清时期的北京城就是中国城市运动中的代表作之一,彰显出皇权的气势和霸气。现代的城市建设也需要这种对人文精神的关注,在继承与发扬的道路上不断前进,为城市打造一种文化的底蕴。 1建筑是人文精神的表现 1990年6月2日,国际建筑师协会第十七次大会发表了《蒙特利尔宣言》。其开头一行是:“建筑是人文的表现,它反映了一个社会的形象。”世界建筑史表明,人类的建筑活动不仅是一项物质生产活动,而且还是人类文化活动的重要内容。一座城市的魅力,多数是由于建筑艺术的魅力营造出来的。建筑是时代的象征。希腊雅典卫城建于公元前5世纪,其中有世界著名的保护神雅典娜帕提农神庙。卫城建筑群是雅典这个黄金般的古典时期的纪念碑,是雅典全面繁荣昌盛的见证。17世纪法国古典主义建筑主要是国家性的大型建筑,有些是专为荣耀路易十四或他的政权。这个时期建造的卢浮宫东立面、旺道姆广场、凡尔赛宫及园林,都体现了路易十四“伟大的时代”的“伟大的风格”。建筑语言常常是民族的语言,是凝固的民族精神,具有强大的感召力。著名美籍华人建筑大师贝聿铭设计的中国银行香港大楼,他以“中文的构思、英文的设计”,使这幢大楼渗透着深刻的人文含义:塔身,象征着雨后春笋;风格,体现了出于污泥而不染的荷花精神;楼的外表面,展示出宝石图案。有学者说,巴黎人民很大程度上是巴黎的建筑语言场教养、熏陶和塑造出来的。维也纳的建筑群及人文环境,培育了一批又一批的音乐大师;德国的一批具有艺术特色建筑群和浓郁人文精神的城市,产生了一批又一批的哲学家、科学家、音乐家。城市的建筑具有强大的人文精神功能,一座有个性和人文魅力建筑的城市能提示城市的广大居民,提升这座城市的文明素质,使这座城市有自信心、活力和发展的推动力。

城市规划英语论文题目大全初中

比如城市历史与文化方向

规划思想对于城市的影响一类 对比北京和深圳城市产业发展对于城市规划的新要求 南方第三产业和商业北方工业化

1 Write a letter to the mayor(市长) to show you want to be a volunteer foe the 2010 World Expo2 Changes aroud me3 I will succeed4 How to keep health5 An unforgettable experience6 Giving a present to sb7 Sports and recreation8 When others are in trouble9 How to protect environment10 My view of a Good student11 i am thnkful for sb12 My ambition(理想)13 My school life14 Everyone needs help15 My favourite things16 My father17 My teacher18 My birthday party19 Our school sports meeting20 How to study English21 How to protect the Environment03年上海中考To be a lovely Shanghaiese(上海人)04上海中考Leaving school(毕业时分)05上海中考Grow pains and gains06上海中考I have a dream07上海中考Things I hate to do08上海中考Love around me

近代上海城市规划法制研究新中国建立初期城市规划事业的启动和发展我国城市规划公众参与探讨济南近代城市规划研究制定我国城市规划听证制度的研究上海近代城市规划的发展及其范型研究城乡规划法施行后城市规划决策优化途径研究从城市可持续发展角度看城市规划政策与管理城市规划与房地产开发的协调机制研究中国近代分散主义城市规划思潮的历史研究中国近代城市规划中的传统思想研究城市规划作用特征:一种比较的观点城市规划专业教育中的人文学科城市规划的法学思考城市规划不能留缺憾城市规划信息系统初探城市规划系统悖论及其出路遥感技术在城市规划中的应用──以广州市城市规划应用实践为例从一次道路规划听证会看城市规划不可诉及其意义现代城市规划方法论的演变和发展我国城市规划法律制度研究我国城市规划立法问题研究

关于城市规划的论文题目大全高中英语

Settlements Ecological Ereas Design Abstract : ecological habitat areas through adjustment of ecological environment ecosystems and ecological factors, the area has become a natural ecology and human ecology, natural and artificial environment, a high degree of unity of material and spiritual civilizations, the ideals of sustainable development of urban Ecological areas of space rational structure, improving infrastructure, ecological construction, intelligent buildings and building life should be widely Use artificial environment and the natural environment It is consistent with urban planning and regional planning, and regional and urban harmony, is part of the ecological city, the host city and embodies Key word: Ecological house design 1 The ecological characteristics of small content Ecological habitat areas through adjustment of ecological environment ecosystems and ecological factors, the area has become a natural ecology and human ecology, natural and artificial environment, a high degree of unity of material and spiritual civilizations, the ideals of sustainable development of urban Ecological areas of space rational structure, improving infrastructure, ecological construction, the widespread application of smart buildings and the construction of life, artificial environment and the natural environment It is consistent with urban planning and regional planning, and regional and urban harmony, is part of the ecological city, the host city and embodies Compared with the traditional areas of ecological areas was essentially different from the following features: cohesion D symbiotic ecological areas within the natural and human, human to natural, intimate nature, natural into the residential areas into natural; At the same time, to create the environment to meet human needs of their own development, a human face, full of strong cultural atmosphere, mutual assistance groups have strong attractive, showing a prosperous, vigor and Area D ecological sustainability guided by sustainable development, and thus it can achieve small social, economic and environmental development, to achieve social and environmental benefits at the same time promoting economic development, and achieve rapid economic growth of high quality; Natural resources as a small public area can be used for a long, long Area D is not simply the pursuit of the overall ecological environment or Own prosperity, but also a social, economic, environmental overall coordination among development, nor is a small ecologicalization the ecologicalization, but overall the area of ecological and achieve overall ecological Therefore, the ecological residential building our cities will gradually change the current building environmental pollution, lack of effective environmental protection unreasonable status quo and achieve energy savings, and section, water conservation, pollution, and the effective management of the property to improve the environment of cities and areas have their own powerful 2 Ecological planning content areas (1) Ecological district planning objectives UN Man and the Biosphere Programme N 57 report pointed out: "It is natural ecological planning ecological and social psychological aspects of the two to create a fully integrated technology and natural human activity optimal environment induced human creativity and productivity in high material and cultural standard of "According to this description, We ecological areas can be understood as planning objectives : to ecology "as a whole, coordination, circulation, renewable" principle as a guide, through the promotion of eco-design methodology Habitat improvement of the quality of the environment and people in harmony with the natural, artificial and natural facilities coordination, and achieve small social-economic-natural complex system as a whole to achieve a coordinated and stable, balanced, orderly state of (2) ecological district planning methods The use of eco laws aiming at sustainable development, to engineering measures and technical means to support the traditional sense small design planning to become a real estate ecological areas to areas of ecological civilization advance the sustainable development of (3) the content of the ecological area planning Including small ecological planning, economic planning and social ecological ecological 1, ecological planning! Green indicators: The indicators are measured Ecological district level building the most important Green belts (including node and surface) to more than 50%, the per capita public green spaces in more than 28 square Ground water indicators : indicators that the water seepage capacity building bases to minimize concrete coverage, the use of natural drainage systems to facilitate rainwater infiltration, the ideal target is 80% of the surface area of flooding to Water-saving targets the targets for the development of alternative water resources (revenue) and the provincial water apparatus use (cut), as the main water-saving The former refers to the design of residential buildings or use force rain water purification system design, which means that rain, life-pooling processed, the required water quality standards, duplication in the use of non-potable water and non-physical contact with the complex Energy conservation targets : to design energy-efficient buildings through air-conditioning systems, lighting, night-ray use, the use of solar energy and other CO2 and waste reduction targets : the application of indicators to encourage Qinglianghua architectural structures, such as the use of steel construction to reduce construction sand Stone, brick and other building materials; Promote home simple interior designers, building materials recycling to achieve energy conservation, provincial resources, reduce waste and reduce carbon dioxide Sewage treatment indicators: the former for construction of storm water, sewage diversion pipeline systems, on the one hand facilitate the recycling of rainwater, on the other hand, could reduce the volume of sewage The latter refers to refuse collection and classification of resources Green traffic indicators: a clean, suitable for the urban environment, health useful means of transport to complete socio-economic According to Taiwan with the use of green transport assessment, foot, bicycle, Light Rail, trams, score 40 or more, and ordinary buses, trucks, motorcycles, scored in the following Therefore, ecological areas green transport planning should encourage residents to use green 2, economic ecological planning! The overall objective is to resource consumption and environmental pollution to the light of the rapid economic growth and cultivating scientific civilization consumption For this purpose, the application of green technology and green consumption production technology, and gradually change the energy structure, accelerate renewable energy alternative to fossil energy, applications hydropower, wind, biomass, solar and other green energy; Using natural ventilation and natural lighting and reduce energy consumption; In the area of production of green, green 3, the social ecology planning to enhance the sense of belonging and a small landmark, a center of the square and the charm of the inhabitants frog space; Supporting the establishment of complete, rationally ecological infrastructure, the creation of various age groups to facilitate crowd living environment; Area provide diversity, individuality residential, to ensure that all economic income people and people of various age levels demand; small commercial activities, public services, cultural activities, recreational activities, the center concentrated In short, ecological planning of new residential areas is a concept and a vision for the future of urban targets will be the ideal leisure parks and sustainable urban development trend of the future residential It is a magnificent building integrated engineering; we need long-term and unremitting 3、The ecological residential contents Ecological residential has a strict technical standard, developers can not arbitrarily self- Ecological residential demand in the energy and water, gas, sound, light, heat and the green environment, waste disposal, building materials and other aspects of the nine national 1, in the energy system, should avoid multiple pipelines into people's homes, the wall structure of residential energy-efficient design and reversal system and encourage the use of solar, wind, geothermal, maintaining appropriate indoor temperature, indoor temperature in the 2, the system called for the establishment of outdoor aquatic environment sewage reuse rainwater collection system and use the system, indoor and outdoor use of water saving devices, the use of water-saving landscape water 3, gas environment to the secondary system for the outdoor air quality standards, indoor ensure natural ventilation, ventilation ventilation facilities with bathrooms, kitchens have gas emission concentration system to the larger national air quality 4, sound environmental systems, Architectural designs have noise Jiangzao measures for outdoor daytime noise 50dB, less than 40dB noise at night, less than 35dB noise indoor day, night noise less than 30 dB5, optical environmental systems meet the requirements of interior design sunshine hours, try using natural light; indoor, avoid light pollution, such as glare advertising, curtain walls; indoor application of energy-saving lamps, and promote the use of solar green 6, ecological residential use has also requested approval of the National Environment Commission approved the award of the environment and surrounded by the signs of building materials to meet the non-toxic, harmless, non-polluting, non-radioactive, non-volatile requirements, the use of 3R (reusable, recyclable use, renewable use) Small green environment is an important theme of ecological residential, while living in the garbage disposal is a major part of a For residential ecology, ecological areas of life to the full bag of garbage collection, enclosed containers stored the collection rate 100% classification rate of 50%4、The types and characteristics of the ecological residential (a) the type of ecological residential 1, ecological residential categories : main advocate for the arts in origin, the maximum residential development ecological functional art, and art to such convergence of ecological art to be created as residential to create, whether such residential look from the outside or from within is a piece of 2, ecological wisdom categories: ecological wisdom mainly to highlight various features to maximize residential Any person living on possible devices capable of providing intelligent services have been placed in the appropriate part, the owner can rely on imagination and simple operation can achieve a special 3, in addition to other types of more! Species, there are eco-religious groups, lived a primitive tribal group, and some of the ecological category, ecological deficit tribunal Residential (2) the ecological health of the residential characteristics Ecological residential called "health " Not only ecological residential green, and from the planning point of view, the overall ecological area layout, monomer space portfolio, housing construction, natural energy use, energy efficiency measures, green systems and life support services in the design, must be to improve and enhance the ecological environment, the quality of life as a starting point and the Moreover, in actual design, layout on the green level, style and building mutual shine; Focus on different aspects of the complementary integration of plants, such as, inter ordinary plants, flowers and trees to watch, leafy trees, edible fruit trees, medicinal and aromatic plants cultivation; Green throughout the area to play while the other deeper ecological role, such as insulation, wind-proof, dust-proof and anti-noise, the elimination of poison material, adult bacterial virus, or even elimination from the visual sensory and mental fatigue, psychological And the housing construction, will consider the ecological and social ecology needs to save energy, to occupants of natural space and interpersonal Ecological residential to health Real estate not to sell land for the ultimate goal, nor is selling steel, cement house for the ultimate purpose is not to sell the concept and the environment as the ultimate goal, but to create a line with the development of human society and human needs of a healthy and civilized new home for the final It can be said that real estate is selling a lifestyle, a subculture is sold, the sale of a new society and a new Owners as a community, to really enjoy the community healthy and civilized new life, is not only reflected in the design of the real estate business, not only in the real estate area matching hardware facilities, but on community service software, people really enjoy the physical and mental This is a healthy and civilized into the 5、Ecological design and construction of residential Since China's reform and opening up, economic development has made remarkable achievements, but at the same time was accompanied by a waste of resources and environmental Since the backward production technologies, our average construction energy is developed 2~3 times, pollution was also very serious, our cities were the World Health Organization as a "serious pollution" in Real estate development and use of a large consumption of resources, produce large quantities of industrial To people hygiene, health, comfortable living, and environmental protection must be put in an important (1) The full use of solar energy Solar energy is the most important green energy is inexhaustible, widespread natural energy, and its advantage is extremely rich, clean, safe and Currently, the use of solar energy in residential areas, there are three main areas : solar water heaters, solar air conditioning and solar According to information on, for the installation of a 300 year by the solar hot water massage central hot water system will require an investment of about 15 million, the annual energy cost about 80,000 yuan, 2a can recover the full investment, and solar water heating systems for 15~20a useful life, then the costs of energy-saving equipment on the high 100~140 In recent decades, many countries are active in research, development, the use of solar energy, and achieved encouraging The most notable of which Australia and Israel, the prevalence of solar water heaters are 30% and 50% Our research and development of solar late, and achieved certain results, but only about 6% coverage, and development is uneven and more concentrated in the western region, the highest rate of Yunnan, 10% My solar abundant sunshine hours for 2500h years, the region accounted for more than 2/3 land area, some areas up to This use of solar energy for the development of our country provided a good With scientific and technological progress, the scope will be broader use of solar energy and energy conversion efficiency will be (2) rational use of water resources My country is a lack of water in some places, on the one hand, serious water shortages, on the other hand, Water is the key measures or "" Residents primarily drinking water consumption and use, including restaurants use about 5% of total consumption, while the remaining 95% for washing, In the residential area, according to applications of A, B two water A system specifically for drinking water (including milk, river, village, cooking) The system must be consistent with the water clean water drinking water B system exclusively for the use of The water system should be Household will tell, laundry, water and roofing rain, the ground water within a reservoir, filtration, purification, decontamination of physical, chemical processing, and then imported household "use water" for washing, car washing, forestation, features, flushing, sewage and other Water cycle use of the system can save a lot of (3) Planning for with the fast-paced economic development, land resources have Residential areas on the section to the problem, from three aspects 1, the volume of control at a reasonable level, not lower ;2, garage or into the overhead to the construction of three-dimensional multi-storey car park or underground, semi-underground car park ;3, with the section from the energy into two factors, are advised to the construction of multi-storey and high-level incomparable data small apartment, control building door independence households alone villa, particularly yard, beautiful landscape "auspicious treasure-house" should not build luxury villas and private gardens for a handful of people enjoy, and the construction of small parks and other public facilities should be for public (4) strong rectification, the promotion of environmental protection Housing construction and use of the existence of environmental Contaminated environment harms human health, which is well known On the environmental pollution problems in the past only to "waste" (waste, emissions, waste residue) pollution, and now increased pollution and light pollution and sound This is the realistic There are problems that electromagnetic With the improvement of people's living conditions, household appliances and usage is also increasing coverage, electromagnetic pollution has emerged, and the growing The content of this proposal into water plans and 6、Concluding remarks China Environmental Sciences Professor Xia Qing, a real sense of ecological residential areas should be from the design, construction until use, abandoned throughout the life cycle are harmless to the environment, not simply of little Because many of the latest technologies and building materials to be used, in order to build refuse and water treatment devices, the general real estate developers simply can not Now these may be environmental residential advance, but it is our residential development

1 defers to "the State Council about To strengthen City and countryside To plan Management by supervision Notice" (country to send the [2002]13 number) and "the Ministry of construction Notice" (constructs the gauge [2002]204 number) the request, for the standard our province each kind of urban planning compulsory content, the basis ministry of construction "Urban planning Compulsory Content Temporary provisions", formulates this 1 establishes the urban planning compulsory content the guiding ideology is: The realization science development view, the implementation “four insistences”, namely the insistence economic development is a center, persisted serves for the most general populations, persisted the sustainable development, persisted realistic, emphasizes the actual effect, does what one Regulates and stops each kind effectively the construction development behavior which does not adapt with “four insistences”, guaranteed city each kind of resources the reasonable use, guides our province urbanization the healthy 2 urban planning compulsory content, is refers to in the cities system plan, the city overall plan, the city detailed plan involves the region coordinated development, the resources use, the environmental protection, scenery scenic spot aspect and so on resource management, nature and cultural heritage protection, public benefit and public security The urban planning compulsory content is the cities system plan, the city overall plan, the city detailed plan necessary 3 urban planning compulsory content must conform to the country, province each kind of related standard, the union local urban planning management technology stipulation research 4 cities system plan, the overall plan already authorized, had to supplement consummated the compulsory The new establishment plan, specially the detailed plan and the near future will construct the plan, will have to be clear about the compulsory Must have the accurate mark on the blueprint, has in the text is clear about, the standard The urban planning compulsory content is carries on the surveillance inspection to the urban planning implementation the basic The plan definite compulsory content needs to announce to the 2 cities system plan compulsory content: 1 needs to protect strictly region and control development region and control 1 nature protection areas: Is clear about the nature protection area branching location, the protectorate rank and the main protection object, delimits the nature protection area scope demarcation The natural conservation regionalization divides into the core area, the buffer and the experimental plot, is clear about the limit and the prohibition development construction content, the plan control standard as well as the management measure In the core area the strict prohibition each kind of engineering construction and production management which has nothing to do with with the resources In the buffer may be engaged in by the authorization, the non-destructive scientific research, the teaching practice and specimen Does not have to construct any production In the experimental plot may be engaged in by the authorized scientific experiments, the teaching practice, the visit inspects, the traveling, as well as the domestication, the reproduction rare and precious, is in imminent danger activities and so on wild animals and Does not have to construct the pollution environment, the destruction resources and the landscape production 2 scenery scenic spot area: Is clear about the scenery scenic spot area branching location, the nature, the main function and the scenery scenic spot area rank, delimits the scenery scenic spot area scope demarcation Delimits the core protectorate (including ecology protectorate, natural landscape protectorate and historical site protectorate) the extent of protection, is clear about the protection key and the protective According to “the strict protection, the unification management, the reasonable development, continues forever uses” the principle, is clear about in the scenery scenic spot area the limit and the prohibition development construction content and the management In the core protectorate the strict prohibition each kind of engineering construction which has nothing to do with with the resources In the scenic area, the classical botanical garden and in the periphery control area, does not have to construct the industry and mining enterprise, the warehouse, the hospital and so on has nothing to do with and the destruction landscape with the scenery and the tour, the pollution environment, the hindrance tour project and the Delimits in the scenic area scope and the plan in the natural environment retention region, does not have the newly built guesthouse, the boarding house, the country club, the sanatorium organization, the management structure, the quarters and other big-scale work If any new items of basic construction nature, the layout, the building modelling, the amount of space occupied, highly and the color and so on, should locate the environment 3 other ecology sensitive areas: Is clear about the large-scale lake, the wetland, the water source protectorate, divides the flood detention area, takes back from agriculture also the forest (also grass, also lake) the area, the basic farmland protectorate, the underground mineral resource distributes the area and so on each kind of protection and controls the region the position and the Is clear about the related local protection and the government goal, the control target, the limit and the prohibition development construction In the region development, avoids the ecology sensitive area as far as possible, reduces to the wild animals and plants destruction, completes the conservation of water and soil work, enhances the afforested coverage fraction, guaranteed certain water surface rate, the enhancement wetland protection, does not have to reduce the ecology sensitive area the Should take the protection measure to the water resources, the control shore water district construction, carries out aspect the strictly and so on water pollution preventing and controlling and water source water quality protection Does not have to destroy the ecology sensitive area the flood prevention, drains waterlogged land ability and from only ability, does not have to destroy the biological resources and the ecological In ecology sensitive area any construction, must control severely, maintains the natural style environment, the maintenance ecological 2 regional characteristic significant infrastructure layout: Is clear about the regional characteristic significant infrastructure the position and moves towards, the corresponding control The regional characteristic significant infrastructure must be clear about the coordinated request with each related city relation, controls the correlation to 1 is clear about the highway, the level road, the second-class road, the region track transportation (city border railroad, region passenger transportation track transportation) the trend; Is clear about the harbor, the airport, the physical distribution center 2 is clear about the large-scale hydro-junction project, the region flood prevention, the flood detention backbone project position, the region water supply, the accent water project trend; Is clear about position which the regional power plant, 500KV (or 300KV) the transformer substation, the natural tire valve stand, 500KV (or 300KV) high tension grid and natural gas branch tube trend; Is clear about the regional information key position the position, the communication line 3 is clear about the neighboring city to be connected the waters the water environment function control request and the related target; Is clear about the city intake, the city sewage discharge outlet controls the waters scope, the regional characteristic altogether constructs the water works, the sewage treatment plant, the large-scale garbage disposal plant position; Is clear about the regional characteristic each kind of infrastructure the protection 3 city overall plan compulsory content: 1 is clear about the limits to have to protect and the control development region Including: Scenery ecology sensitive areas and so on scenic spot area, large-scale lake, wetland, water source protectorate, basic farmland protectorate, underground mineral resource distributed 2 urban constructions use: 1 is clear about in the plan time the urban construction with the place development scale, the development direction, in the limits plan time the urban construction uses the place the scope; 2 uses according to the construction to appraise the determination land use restrictive regulations, delimits the land use restrictive district demarcation line; 3 is clear about city each kind of park and the green space position, the scope and the index of correlation and the plan 3 city infrastructure and public service facilities: 1 is clear about the city primary and secondary yang or male principle trend, the city track transportation line trend; Is clear about the railroad and the station yard, the harbor, the airport, the mass transit key position, the large-scale parking lot 2 is clear about the city intake and the protectorate scope, the power plant, the 110KV above transformer substation, the natural tire valve stands, the large-scale fuel gas gas storage stands as well as facility and so on trash and sewage treatment positions; Is clear about for the water and the draining water branch tube, the natural gas branch tube trend, the position, the underground utilities common ditch moves towards and the influence scope, the high-pressured power line corridor, the microwave channel and receives the sending a letter area extent of 3 is clear about the culture, the information, the education, the health, the sports and so on each kind of public service key facility scale, the position and the related technical specification and the plan 4 historical city protection: 1 determination historical city protection general goals and protection Overall considered the old city the protection, manifests specifically in the historical river lake river system, the traditional spool thread, the old city city gallery, the building highly, city aspect and so on landscape line, old tree famous wood protection requests and the concrete control target, the 2 is clear about all levels of key cultural relic preservation organ, the historical culture protectorate, the historical architectural complex, the important underground cultural relic disposal area concrete position, the demarcation Delimits the extent of protection, the construction control region, is clear about the protective measures, the control target and the 5 city disaster prevention project: 1 is clear about the city flood control standard, the flood-dam 2 is clear about the city earthquake resistance and the fire prevention disperses the backbone 3 city main civil air defense facility, fire facility 4 is clear about the geological disaster to protect the 6 cities will construct the plan in the near future: 1 will be clear about the city to construct key and the development in the near future uses the 2 will be clear about the near future to construct uses the place the concrete position and the 3 is clear about controls and guides the urban development the 4 delimits the land use restrictive district demarcation line and historical control areas and so on culture protectorate, scenery scenic spot area, is clear about the corresponding plan 4 city detailed plan compulsory content: 1 controllability detailed plans is clear about the division to be possible to use in developing the construction directly the land parcel, stipulated various land parcels use the nature, the building density, the building control highly, the volume fraction, the green areas coverage rate, the parking berth and other need disposition targets and so on public utility; Carries out the city “four” the plan control content, proposes maintenance main public space aspect and so on environment quality, visual landscape control as well as historical culture protection in view of the specific land sector plan 2 construction detailed plan concrete determination plan construction, green space, path, square, parking lot, river lake water surface position and scope; Is clear about the road junction coordinates, the elevation, each kind of municipal administration public facility pipeline position, caliber, major control point elevation, as well as related facility and construction 5 plan planning board when establishes various levels urban planning must rest on the ministry of construction "Urban planning Compulsory Content Temporary provisions", the standard compulsory content, and to plans the achievement to take the comprehensive technical 6 urban planning administration department responsible for the work provides the plan design conditions, the examination items of basic construction, the no violation whatsoever will permitted urban planning compulsory 7 adjusts the urban planning compulsory content, must organize to prove, the adjustment necessity to the plan examination and approval institution proposed the report on a special topic, in which involves the public rights and interests, must carry on male shows, only then carries on the adjustment after the examination After the adjustment plan must defer to the stipulated procedure to examine and 中文版他们要钱对不住了

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关于城市规划的论文题目大全初中生

近代上海城市规划法制研究新中国建立初期城市规划事业的启动和发展我国城市规划公众参与探讨济南近代城市规划研究制定我国城市规划听证制度的研究上海近代城市规划的发展及其范型研究城乡规划法施行后城市规划决策优化途径研究从城市可持续发展角度看城市规划政策与管理城市规划与房地产开发的协调机制研究中国近代分散主义城市规划思潮的历史研究中国近代城市规划中的传统思想研究城市规划作用特征:一种比较的观点城市规划专业教育中的人文学科城市规划的法学思考城市规划不能留缺憾城市规划信息系统初探城市规划系统悖论及其出路遥感技术在城市规划中的应用──以广州市城市规划应用实践为例从一次道路规划听证会看城市规划不可诉及其意义现代城市规划方法论的演变和发展我国城市规划法律制度研究我国城市规划立法问题研究

试论城市规划要点 引言城市规划的定义 城市规划是城市发展的战略、建设城市的纲领、管理城市的依据。如何打造一个城市的风貌、建设一个和谐、生动、合理的空间体系,是现在规划建设中十分热门的话题。城市规划必须注重个性特征,城市个性是一个城市的特色,是独特魅力之所在,在我国的城市化进程中,千城一面、似曾相识的城市越来越多,城市的个性特色已湮没在程式化的钢筋混凝土之中,失去了城市的特色和魅力。 城市个性化成为现代城市规划的一个重要内容和突出特点。打好“文化牌”,彰显文化特征是十分重要的课题。美国城市建筑学家刘易斯·芒福德说:“城市是文化的容器”。无论是历史文化名城罗马、威尼斯,还是现代国际大都市巴黎、纽约、芝加哥,座座堪称文化艺术宫殿、建筑博物馆,处处折射出城市的文化,走进这些城市,就仿佛走进了他们的历史。因此,在城市规划中必须处理好建设与继承的关系,在发展中传承历史文化。否则,城市一旦失去历史陈迹,犹如人失去鲜明的个性,得到的利益是暂时的,而遗憾却是永远的。 由于城市所处的空间地理位置、地形条件、气象条件和自然环境的不同,构成了不同的城市环境空间形态,提供了每个城市区别于其他城市的环境空间特性。城市规划的一个重要任务,就是要充分认识该城市的山、水、林和风景名胜等自然景观要素,发掘、保护、利用、开发、改造自然环境空间特色,在共性中找出个性,围绕个性建设特色城市。与此同时也要注重生态的和谐与持续发展的战略。 规划与人文精神 城市规划的人文精神是在1933年国际现代建筑会议第四次会议发表的《雅典宪章》中提出的,里面提出的城市功能分区原则影响了现代城市规划将近半个世纪。这种功能主义的原则,一方面向古典建筑学派提出挑战,使城市规划、建筑开始从古典的放射、圆形广场一类形式主义的桎梏中解放出来;另一方面功能主义又使城市规划、建筑逐渐陷入机械主义,它刻板地分区肢解了城市的有机结构,忽略了人与人之间的多方面联系,破坏了城市的地方特性,其结果是使城市形态单调、布局混乱、建筑雷同。尤其是功利主义的影响,城市空间因最大限度的商业性开发,破坏了城市生态环境,污水、废气、噪声、交通事故等给城市造成了巨大的伤害。因此城市在抛弃了人文精神的同时,便从“文明中最伟大的创造”变成了“文明中最大的破坏”,也给人类带来了生存危机。 20世纪60年代,重新关注城市的历史文脉、地域文化和人们的生活,城市规划中的人文理念开始复苏。与此同时,国际规划、建筑界人士开展了“可持续发展城市”的研究,并指出可持续发展的根本出发点是“为了城市人民”。这表明,城市人文精神将得到完全意义上的复兴与再生,人文因素将是21世纪城市文明的灵魂。 人文因素在中国的造城运动中是历史悠久的。明清时期的北京城就是中国城市运动中的代表作之一,彰显出皇权的气势和霸气。现代的城市建设也需要这种对人文精神的关注,在继承与发扬的道路上不断前进,为城市打造一种文化的底蕴。 1建筑是人文精神的表现 1990年6月2日,国际建筑师协会第十七次大会发表了《蒙特利尔宣言》。其开头一行是:“建筑是人文的表现,它反映了一个社会的形象。”世界建筑史表明,人类的建筑活动不仅是一项物质生产活动,而且还是人类文化活动的重要内容。一座城市的魅力,多数是由于建筑艺术的魅力营造出来的。建筑是时代的象征。希腊雅典卫城建于公元前5世纪,其中有世界著名的保护神雅典娜帕提农神庙。卫城建筑群是雅典这个黄金般的古典时期的纪念碑,是雅典全面繁荣昌盛的见证。17世纪法国古典主义建筑主要是国家性的大型建筑,有些是专为荣耀路易十四或他的政权。这个时期建造的卢浮宫东立面、旺道姆广场、凡尔赛宫及园林,都体现了路易十四“伟大的时代”的“伟大的风格”。建筑语言常常是民族的语言,是凝固的民族精神,具有强大的感召力。著名美籍华人建筑大师贝聿铭设计的中国银行香港大楼,他以“中文的构思、英文的设计”,使这幢大楼渗透着深刻的人文含义:塔身,象征着雨后春笋;风格,体现了出于污泥而不染的荷花精神;楼的外表面,展示出宝石图案。有学者说,巴黎人民很大程度上是巴黎的建筑语言场教养、熏陶和塑造出来的。维也纳的建筑群及人文环境,培育了一批又一批的音乐大师;德国的一批具有艺术特色建筑群和浓郁人文精神的城市,产生了一批又一批的哲学家、科学家、音乐家。城市的建筑具有强大的人文精神功能,一座有个性和人文魅力建筑的城市能提示城市的广大居民,提升这座城市的文明素质,使这座城市有自信心、活力和发展的推动力。

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