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中国改革开放史论文题目大全高中英语

发布时间:2024-07-04 08:01:49

中国改革开放史论文题目大全高中英语

2008 is a comprehensive implementation of the party's 17 major strategic deployment of the first year is to implement the "11th Five-Year Plan" link of the 可以预见,2008年将大事不断。 It is expected that the 2008 event will be “两防”确保经济稳健运行 "Anti-" to ensure the sound operation of the economy 中国经济在连续5年保持10%以上增速基础上,2008年能否保持稳健运行的势头,防止出现大的颠簸和起落,为社会各界所广泛关注。 China's economy in 5 years in a row to maintain the growth rate of over 10% based on the 2008 can maintain the momentum of stable financial operations, to prevent big ups and downs and the ups and downs, all sectors of the community 按照中央经济工作会议的部署,“防止经济增长由偏快转为过热、防止价格由结构性上涨演变为明显通货膨胀”成为2008年宏观调控的首要任务。 In accordance with the central economic work conference, "to prevent fast economic growth from overheating to prevent prices from rising structural evolution of the obvious inflation" in 2008 to become the primary task of macroeconomic 2007年以来,物价持续走高,通胀压力加大。 Since 2007, prices continued to rise, increasing inflationary 自8月起,居民消费价格指数连续4个月同比涨幅超过6%。 Since August, the consumer price index for 4 months or more than 6% year-on- 其中11月上涨9%,创近10年来最高。 Which in November rose 9 percent, hitting a 10-year 明显通货膨胀是经济稳定运行的大敌。 Inflation is clearly running the enemy of economic 基于当前经济面临的突出矛盾问题,2008年宏观调控政策已作出重大调整,稳健货币政策实施10年后转为“从紧”。 Based on current economic issues facing the outstanding contradictions, in 2008 macro-control policies have been major adjustments in the implementation of prudent monetary policy in 10 years to "" 从紧货币政策与稳健财政政策将联袂促进经济结构调整和协调发展。 From the tight monetary policy and sound fiscal policy to jointly promote economic restructuring and 选举新一届国家领导人 Election of the new state leaders 2008年的全国两会是五年一次的换届大会。 In 2008 the two of the country is a five-year term of the General A 在十一届全国人大一次会议和全国政协十一届一次会议上,将选举产生国家领导人,组成新一届政府。 In the first meeting of the 11th National People's Congress and CPPCC National Committee Session of the 11th meeting, the leaders will be elected to form the new 党的十七大对我国经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设和党的建设作出了全面部署,两会对关系国计民生的重大改革事项进行讨论审议。 Seventeen big party on China's economic construction, political, cultural, social construction and party building up a comprehensive plan to make, the people's livelihood of the two major reforms in the consideration of matters 这次两会是我国政治生活中的一件大事,将对未来5年乃至更长一段时间我国经济社会发展产生深远影响。 The two sessions in the political life of our country is a major event the next 5 years will be even longer period of time China's economic and social development of a far-reaching 第29届奥运会北京开幕 29th Beijing Olympic Games opening ceremony 2008年8月8日,第二十九届奥林匹克运动会将在北京隆重开幕。 August 8, 2008, the 29th Olympic Games in Beijing will be the grand 来自世界各地的运动员将在28个大项、302个小项的争夺中一决高下。 Athletes from all over the world will be 28, 302 small items for one 北京残奥会将随后在9月6日举行。 Beijing Paralympic Games will be followed in the S 6 to be “民心因奥运而凝聚,精神为奥运而振奋。”亿万人民为办好奥运会魂牵梦绕、群策群力。 "The support of the people as a result of the Olympic pool, the Olympic spirit and " Hundreds of millions of people running for the Olympic Games Hunqianmengrao 古都北京为奥运会服务的各项“软硬件”条件明显改善。 The ancient capital of Beijing Olympic Games for the services of "hardware" conditions “同一个世界、同一个梦想!”中国将恪守承诺,依据国际惯例为奥林匹克大家庭和奥运会观众提供良好服务。 "One World, One Dream!" China will keep its promises, according to international practice for the Olympic Family and spectators the Olympic Games provide a good 通过奥运会的成功举办,一个更加开放、更加和谐的中国将展现给世界,也使奥林匹克精神在中国这一东方文明古国得到广泛弘扬。 The success of the Olympic Games through a more open and more harmonious China will demonstrate to the world, but also the Olympic spirit in China, this ancient civilization has been widely promoting the E 迎来改革开放30周年 The 30th anniversary of greet reform and opening-up 2008年,我国将迎来改革开放30周年。 In 2008, China will celebrate the 30th anniversary of reform and opening 1978年年底,具有重大历史意义的中共十一届三中全会在北京举行,拉开了改革开放新时期的序幕。 By the end of 1978, the historic Third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC held in Beijing, opened a new era of reform and opening up the 十一届三中全会作出的实行改革开放新决策,开始了中国从“以阶级斗争为纲”到以经济建设为中心,从僵化半僵化到全面改革,从封闭半封闭到对外开放的历史性转变。 The Third Plenary Session of the 11th to make a new decision-making reform and opening up, China began from "taking class struggle as the key link" to focusing on economic construction, from the semi-rigid and rigid to the comprehensive reform, opening to the outside world to be closed or semi-closed historic C 这次会议是中国进入社会主义事业发展新时期的标志。 The meeting was the development of the socialist cause with China to enter the new era of the 自此,改革开放经历了从农村到城市,从经济体制到各方面体制,从对内搞活到对外开放的波澜壮阔的历史进程。 Since then, the reform and opening-up experience from rural to urban, from the economic system to all aspects of the system, from the internal opening to the outside world to enliven the magnificent historical 改革开放,开辟了一条中国特色社会主义道路。 Reform and opening-up, opened up a path of socialism with Chinese 多部法律力促社会公正和谐 More than the law urged a harmonious social justice 劳动合同法、企业所得税法、反垄断法、城乡规划法、就业促进法等一批重要法律将在2008年内实施。 Labor Contract Law, Enterprise Income Tax Law, the anti-monopoly law, the Town and Country Planning Act, the Employment Promotion Act and a number of important laws will be implemented during the year 2008年1月1日起实施的劳动合同法、企业所得税法将对每一个劳动者和企业产生深远影响。 January 1, 2008 come into effect on the labor contract law, corporate income tax law will be workers and businesses each have a far-reaching 劳动合同法对用人单位必须与劳动者订立劳动合同、引导用人单位合理约定劳动合同期限等劳动者十分关心的问题作出规定,保护劳动者合法权益有了更加有力的法律武器。 Labor Contract Law of employers and workers must be made by the labor contract, agreed to guide employers a reasonable period of labor contracts, and other issues of concern to workers is to provide for and protect the legitimate rights and interests of workers with a more powerful legal 企业所得税法统一了内、外资企业所得税制度,不仅可以使国内企业得到实惠,而且有利于提高利用外资的质量和结构。 A unified enterprise income tax law, foreign-funded enterprises income tax system will not only benefit domestic enterprises, but also conducive to foreign investment to improve the quality and 反垄断法将于2008年8月1日起施行。 Anti-monopoly law will be held on August 1, 2008 will come into 这部法律禁止经营者达成垄断协议,经营者滥用市场支配地位等多种垄断行为,对促进中国经济健康发展必将产生深远影响。 The law prohibits the monopoly operator to reach an agreement, the operators of the abuse of market dominant position and other monopolistic behavior, to promote the healthy development of China's economy is bound to have far-reaching 中国航天员将首次太空行走 Chinese astronauts will be the first space walk 神舟七号载人飞船将在2008年发射,届时中国航天员将首次出舱进行太空行走。 Shenzhou VII manned spacecraft will be launched in 2008, when Chinese astronauts will conduct space walk for the first time emerged from the “神七”发射,将是中国载人航天工程中又一个里程碑。 "God seven" launch will be China's manned space program in another 在“神五”“神六”飞行中,航天员的任务主要是舱内操作和生活的自我照料。 "Shenzhou", "Shenzhou VI" in flight, the astronauts of the main tasks is to operate inside the life and self- 从“神七”开始,航天员活动的主动性大于被动性,对航天员的身体、技术和心理都提出了更高的要求。 From the "seven gods" to start, the astronauts of the initiative more than a passive activity, the astronauts on the physical, psychological and technology have a higher 目前,“神七”整船已进入综合测试阶段,包括杨利伟、费俊龙、聂海胜在内的我国第一批14名航天员,正在接受“神七”任务的选拔和训练。 At present, "the seven gods," the entire ship has already integrated into the testing stage, including Yang Liwei, Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng, China's first group of 14 astronauts, is to accept the "seven gods," the task of selecting and 按照预定计划,用于发射“神七”的长征二号F火箭正全箭总装。 According to the schedule for the launch of the "seven gods" long march II F rocket is an arrow-wide 国家元首10年来将首次访日 Head of State for the first time in 10 years to visit Japan 2008年是《中日和平友好条约》缔结30周年。 2008 "Sino-Japanese Treaty of Peace and Friendship," marks the 30th anniversary of the 在2007年底日本首相福田康夫访华期间,中日双方取得一致,中国国家主席胡锦涛将于2008年春天樱花盛开的时候访问日本。 At the end of 2007, Japanese Prime Minister Yasuo Fukuda during his visit, the two sides agreed that Chinese President Hu Jintao will be in the spring cherry blossoms in full bloom in 2008 to visit J 这将是中国国家元首10年来首次访日。 This will be a Chinese head of state for the first time in 10 years to visit J 中方愿与日方一道,以两国高层互访和纪念中日和平友好条约缔结30周年为契机,遵循中日间三个政治文件确定的原则,本着“以史为鉴、面向未来”的精神,抓住机遇,多做实事,进一步加强对话与磋商,增进理解和互信,妥善处理两国间的重大敏感问题;进一步推进两国全方位、宽领域、多层次的交流与合作,拓展双方的共同利益;进一步扩大民间交往,特别是青少年的交流,加深两国人民友好感情,努力构筑和发展中日战略互惠关系,共同开创中日睦邻友好与互利合作的新局面。 The Chinese side is willing to work together with Japan to high-level visits between the two countries and to commemorate Sino-Japanese Peace and Friendship Treaty, the conclusion of the 30th anniversary as an opportunity to follow the three Sino-Japanese political documents between the principle of the spirit of "learning from history and facing the future", Seize the opportunity to do more practical work to further strengthen dialogue and consultation, promote mutual understanding and mutual trust, between the two countries properly handle major sensitive issues; between the two countries to further promote all-round, wide-ranging, multi-level exchanges and cooperation, expand mutual Interest; to further expand non-governmental exchanges, especially exchanges between young people and deepen the friendly feelings between the two peoples to build and develop China-Japan mutually beneficial strategic relations and work together to create the Sino-Japanese good-neighborly friendship and mutually beneficial 更多财力物力改善民生 More financial and material resources to improve people's livelihood 2008年,国家将拿出更多的财力物力来改善人民生活。 In 2008, the state will come up with more financial and material resources to improve people's 医疗卫生体制改革关系到人民群众的切身利益。 Medical and health system reform has a bearing on the immediate interests of the 2008年城乡医疗卫生体制改革将稳步实施,扩大城镇居民基本医疗保险试点,新型农村合作医疗制度基本实现全覆盖。 2008 urban and rural medical and health system reform will be steadily implemented, the expansion of urban residents in the pilot of the basic medical insurance, new rural cooperative medical system covering the whole 国家将加大资金投入,支持建设覆盖城乡居民的公共卫生体系、医疗服务体系、医疗保障体系和药品供应保障体系四大体系,推动解决看病难、看病贵问题。 The state will increase financial input to support the building of urban and rural residents covered by the public health system, the health care system, medical security system and security system of the four major drugs supply system, promote the settlement of medical treatment is difficult, expensive medical 国家已决定,将提高对新型农村合作医疗和城镇居民基本医疗保险的财政补助水平,财政补助标准将从现行的40元提高到80元,其中中央财政补助标准从20元提高到40元。 Countries have decided to raise the new rural cooperative medical care and basic medical insurance for urban residents of the level of financial assistance, financial assistance from the current standard of 40 yuan to 80 yuan, the central financial subsidy from the standard 20 yuan to 40 2008年要在全国全面实施城乡免费义务教育,这是我国教育发展史上具有里程碑意义的大事情。 In 2008 to the full implementation of the national urban and rural compulsory education free of charge, which is China's educational development of a milestone in the history of the big 完善住房保障体系,加快廉租住房建设,改进和规范加强经济适用房制度,将成为政府解决城市低收入家庭住房难问题的有力举措。 Improve housing security system, speed up the construction of low-rent housing to improve the economic and regulate the housing system will be the city government to address difficult issues of housing for low-income families an effective

After more than two decades of headlong rush to transform China from an autarkic centrally planned economy into a limited open-market economy, Hu is now leading a nation in the midst of fateful debates about the most effective and balanced route toward a modern harmonious socialist Autarky has never been voluntary Chinese policy under socialism but rather an externally imposed sanction of the Cold W China's shift toward market economy in the past two and a half decades was not taken in isolation from world When Deng Xiaoping introduced the "open/reform" policies in 1979, toward the end of the Cold War, it was a rational response to a world infatuated with the extravagant promises of neo-liberal free A quarter of a century later, while such open/reform policies have achieved spectacular results in bringing China forward into a modern interdependent world, the glaring resultant imbalances, such as excessive dependence on exports, worsening income disparity, regional development gaps, rampant official corruption, serious environmental crisis and near-total collapse of the social-service network and safety net, are raising calls for rethinking the wisdom of falling for the empty promises of neo-liberal There is no disagreement among the youth who are destined to shoulder the continuing task of national reconstruction toward economic prosperity and cultural renaissance on the need for further opening/ The dispute is on the correct definition and path of opening/reform: open to neo-colonialism and reform toward social inequality and moral decay, or open to assuming a legitimate place as a strong and peaceful nation in a world order of free sovereign nations of equality and reform toward creative and scientific socialist construction based on equality, justice and freedom for Over the past 30 years, China has been firmly pressing ahead with the implementation of the reform program and the initiative of opening up to the outside With the establishment of a preliminary socialist market economy, and the nation’s economy attaining an outward-oriented perspective, the productive forces and the comprehensive national competence have been on the rising curve And various social undertakings have been developing in full The living standard of the Chinese people as a whole has undergone a historical leap from a subsistence level to the level of moderate In the 30 years between 1978 and 2003, the annual growth rate of China's economy was running at an average of 4 percent, with its GDP jumping from 3 billion US dollars to over 4 trillion US 30 years ago, China’s foreign trade value and foreign exchange reserves each stood at 6 billion and 167 million in US dollars, but last year they shot up to 2 billion US dollars and 3 billion US dollars China has now become the sixth largest economy and the fourth largest trader in the The tremendous changes in China are attributed to the fact that we have adhered to the path of building socialism with Chinese characteristics and persevered in our reform and opening endeavors, which brought into full play the Chinese people's initiative, enthusiasm and Though China has scored impressive achievements in its development, we must not lose sight of our problems: overpopulation, a weak economic foundation, underdeveloped productivity, highly uneven development, and the fairly sharp contradictions between the country's ecological environment and natural resources on the one hand and its economic and social development on the China's per capita GDP, though reaching the record high of 1,000 US dollars last year, still ranks well behind the 100th place in the To realize China's modernization program and offer all the Chinese people a prosperous life there is yet an uphill battle to We have already set our vision for the first 20 years of this century, which involves the building of a moderately prosperous society of a higher standard in an all-round way for the benefit of well over one billion Chinese By 2020 the GDP will be quadrupled from the figure of 2000 to 4 trillion US dollars, with the per capita level averaging at 3,000 US By then the nation will be immersed in an ambience of greater social harmony with an improved quality of life for the people, featuring a more developed economy, more sound democracy, more thriving culture and more advanced science and

It has been thirty years since China started reform and began a policy of opening up China to the outside This has resulted in great changes taking place in various With the nine-year compulsory education(九年制义务教育) program,all children have the chance to be In the past 30 years,China has made great progress in science and In 2003,China launched its first manned spaceship and fulfilled its first space walk in As economy is developing fast,people's living conditions have greatly In addition,there have also been great changes in The 29th Olympics were successfully hosted in Beijing and Chinese athletes won the most gold I'm really proud of the great achievements in the past 30 It is the leadership of the Communist Party and the great efforts of us Chinese people that made all these Nowadays,people are working hard towards a more advanced and harmonious I'm sure China will have a brighter future and Chinese people will live a happier

演讲稿一:尊敬的各位领导老师,亲爱的同学们: 你们好!今天我很荣幸能够有机会站在这里,做“我看改革开放三十周年”的演讲,和在座的各位一起去领略改革开放的丰硕成果! 如今的中国,已经发生了天翻地覆的变化,据悉,世界媒体最为关注的本年度国际政治焦点就是中国的崛起,英国《独立报》称2008年将是中国成为超级大国的一年,而美国时事期刊《新闻周刊》在去年12月22日的报道中更是回顾了中国改革开放三十周年,总结了期间傲人的成绩! 可以说,促使我国摆脱贫穷和饥饿,并取得如此硕果的动力就是改革开放,自改革开放总设计师邓小平同志在1978年12月召开的党的十一届三中全会上提出改革开放路线以来,我国便以超过10%的年经济增长率高速发展,并取得了现在的成果! 经过30多年的改革开放,中国从落后的农业社会发展成为现代商业社会,并着手开拓具有中国特色的社会主义道路,1978年初,我国人均国内生产总值仅为379元人民币,截止到2006年2月达到2000美元,增加了约40倍!对外贸易总额也由4亿美元上升到4万亿美元。经济规模继美国和日本之后排在全球第三位,三十年的改革开放,使我国综合国力不断增长,国际地位不断提高,参与国际合作,在国际社会中的作用和影响逐渐加深,彻底改变了“弱国无外交”的被动局面。特别是1997年7月1日香港回归和1999年10月22日澳门回归,更是洗雪了中华民族百年的耻辱,使海内外华人扬眉吐气,今年台湾322入联公投的失败,更使所有国人为之一振!改革开放中的中国在维护中华民族领土完整的征程上又迈出了坚实的一步!有了改革开放所创造的雄厚经济根基,我国科研军事实力迅猛增强,2003年和2005年我国先后两次成功发射载人航天飞船,2007年发射首颗绕月探测卫星,今年又计划实现太空行走,中华民族正在走向民族振兴的道路上昂首挺胸、阔步远行! -Dear leaders teachers and schoolmates: Hello! Today, I am very honored to have the opportunity to stand here, "I see reform and opening speech, the 30th anniversary" with all of you to go to enjoy the great achievements reform and opening- Nowadays, China has turned upside down, and the world media is most international political focus of this year is the rise of China, the independent says China's 2008 will become a superpower, but the current periodicals newsweek in December 22 reports is reviewed the 30th anniversary of China's reform and opening up, summarizes the achievements during the proud!Say, poverty and hunger to China, and so are the fruits of reform and opening-up, power since the reform and opening in 1978 chief designer of comrade deng xiaoping held in December in the third plenary session of the reform and opening up, China has with route of more than 10% in economic growth, and obtained the high-speed development of now achievements! After 30 years of reform and opening-up, China from behind the development of modern agriculture society become commercial society, and development of socialism with Chinese characteristics, 1978, China road early per capita GDP 379 yuan, only to February 2006 reached $2,000, increased approximately 40 times! Foreign trade volume and 4 billion by up to $4 Economies of scale after America and Japan in the third world, three years of reform and opening-up, China comprehensive national strength increasing international status, continuously improve, participate in international cooperation in the international society, the role and effect, and gradually changed completely "combined the passive state without diplomacy" Especially on July 1, 1997, HongKong and 1999, Macao's return on October 22nd, the Chinese nation hundred XiXue disgrace, make this year, and Chinese elated in Taiwan referendum failed (all authors, more people! China's reform and opening up in the maintenance of the nation's territorial integrity and made of solid step! The reform and opening up are created by the strong economic foundation, China's military strength and rapid scientific research in 2003 and 2005 China successfully launched twice, 2007 manned spacecraft launched on first satellite around this year, and plans, the Chinese nation is space walk towards the rejuvenation of the road with pride and stride trip! 演讲稿二改革开放不仅使淮安迅猛发展,祖国的每一块土地都发展迅速,祖国的天,“萧瑟秋风今又是,换了人间”;祖国的地,“红雨随心翻作浪,青山着意化为桥”;祖国的儿女啊,“喜看稻椒千重浪,遍地英雄下夕烟”。30年的励精图治,30年的上下求索,我们的祖国挺立在世界的东方,自立在世界民族之林!社会主义的航船正乘风破浪,昂首向前!祖国母亲啊,是改革开放使您换了新衣,告别了贫穷,是改革开放使您变得美丽、富强、不可侵犯!“我欲因之梦寥廓,芙蓉国里尽朝晖。”我们要向全世界宣告:“中华伟大!我——爱——中——华!”Huai'an reform and opening up not only the rapid development of the motherland every piece of land are developing rapidly, the days of the motherland, "and this bleak autumn wind is changing the world"; to the motherland, "Hong-Yu Lang Fanzuo heart, deliberately into the Castle Peak Bridge "; Sons and daughters of the motherland, ah," Rice Law hi see a thousand waves, over and over, under Xiyan " 30 years of good governance, 30 years down the search, our motherland stand in the east of the world, self-reliance among the nations of the world! The ship of the wind and the waves are a socialist, former head!Mother of the motherland ah, yes reform and opening up new clothes for you to make, bid farewell to poverty, reform and opening up so that you become beautiful, rich and powerful, the inviolability of! "I therefore wish to Liao Kuo Meng, Fu country Zhaohui " We declare to the world: "China's great! I - love - - China!" 给你两篇都不是太难的,中英文对照,应该OK的

中国改革开放史论文题目大全初中英语

~~ ziji xie ba~~

The 30-year journey, with a new attitude of the Chinese nation to stand tall among the nations of the world; 30 years of great changes, 30 years of glorious history, a nation forged nearly 100 years of dreams!30 years of reform and opening up, China's rapid economic boom in 30 years! Chuang Chuang rise from where the people's living standards continued to improve in 1978, 2006, the rapid expansion of China's GDP, gross domestic product growth to 5 billion yuan from 21,0871 billion, an increase of nearly 60 times! China's economic achievements have not only written in the Chinese history, the history of the world is now a glorious page in the past 25 years from the world's achievements in poverty, nearly 70 percent thanks to the achievements of China!30 years of reform and opening up, Chinese society is harmonious and stable for 30 years! Since smashing the "Gang of Four" after the Chinese nation as a great wall of steel in general indestructible! 97-year return of Hong Kong, Macao's return to 99 years; in 1998 in the face of the South's history of a rare flood in 2003, panic-stricken people in the face of the SARS epidemic in 2008 in the face more than a dozen provinces in the rare snow disaster, Chinese people united, Shou Wanshou to a stop at the foot of suffering!30 years of reform and opening up, is the steady development of education in 30 years! In 1983, Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out that modern education should be oriented in the face of the world, in the face of the future! At the beginning of the resumption of college entrance examination system, there are 5,700,000 people took part in college entrance examination, but only the taking of 270,000; By 2007, the national college entrance application number 10,100,000, to enroll students up to 5,670,000! Along with the development of the education scale, more and more and more Chinese people in the world in high-tech talents to occupy an increasingly important location!30 years of reform and opening up of China's space industry innovation for 30 years! From the 1979 long-range rocket launch successful, in 2003, "Shenzhou" heaven, the first successful manned space flight, and then in 2005 manned space flight Shenzhou VI successfully returned to the satellite, China's space exploration in the middle of the motherland so that leap Aerospace Science and Technology to become powerful! In 2008, China's first lunar exploration satellite, "Chang E One" launch, the Chinese people towards the Millennium on the dream become a reality!We firmly believe that the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation's march, is bound to occur one after another glorious 30 years! The rise of the Chinese nation will surely make the world proud of us!

1949年新中国的成立使祖国母亲彻底摆脱了被压迫的境地,中国这头东方睡狮开始慢慢觉醒,但却步履维艰,直到1978年,中共十一届三中全会作出全面实行改革开放的新决策;从此改革开放的春风使中华大地再次焕发了活力,中华民族终于踏上了民族复兴的伟大征程! 30年的征程,中华民族以崭新的姿态重新屹立于世界民族之林;30年的沧桑巨变,30年的光辉历程,铸就了一个民族近百年的梦想! 改革开放的30年,是中国经济迅速蓬勃的30年!幢幢高楼拔地而起,人民生活水平不断提高,1978年到2006年间,中国经济总量迅速扩张,国内生产总值从3645亿元增长至21,0871亿元,增长近60倍!中国的经济成就不仅写在了中国历史之上,也在世界历史上刻下了辉煌的一页,过去25年全球脱贫所得成就中,近70%的成就归功于中国! 改革开放的30年,是中国社会和谐稳定的30年!自粉碎“四人帮”以后,中华民族犹如钢铁长城一般坚不可摧!97年香港回归,99年澳门回归;1998年面对南方历史罕见的特大洪水,2003年面对让人闻风丧胆的非典疫情,2008年面对十几个省份百年不遇的冰雪灾害,中华儿女众志成城,手挽手将一个个磨难阻击在脚下! 改革开放的 30年,是教育事业稳步发展的30年!1983年,邓小平同志提出,教育要面向现代化,面对世界,面对未来!高考制度恢复之初,全国有570万人参加高考,却仅录取27万名;而到2007年,全国普通高校招生报名人数达到1010万,录取新生达567万名!伴随着教育规模的发展,更有越来越多的中华儿女在世界高精尖人才中占据着日益重要的位置! 改革开放的30年是中国航天事业不断创新的30年!从1979年远程火箭发射试验成功,到2003年“神五”升天,首次载人航天飞行成功,再到2005年神舟六号载人航天卫星顺利返回,中国航天人在摸索中让祖国一跃成为航天科技强国!2008年,我国首颗探月卫星“嫦娥一号”发射升空,炎黄子孙的千年奔月梦成为了现实! 改革开放的30年,也是我国体育事业蒸蒸日上的30年!1984年许海峰摘得中国奥运首枚金牌,自此之后,中华体育健儿奋勇争先:2000年悉尼奥运,中国代表团收获28枚金牌,取得了金牌榜和奖牌榜均名列第三的佳绩;04年雅典,中国军团更是将金牌总数扩增到32枚,位列金牌榜第2位!而今年,在108天之后,奥运大幕将在中华大地上拉开,我们将成为奥运的主人! 我们坚信,在中华民族伟大复兴的征程上,必将出现一个又一个辉煌的30年!中华民族的崛起,必将让世界为我们自豪!

大概多少字?Great changes have taken place in the past thirty years, especially in the And this is especially true with my My hometown is in the rural area of XXX Five years ago, there was a river behind my grandparents' house, but the river is very People throw thier garbages directly into the But with the rapid development of modern society and technology, the river becomes clean And I usually go swimming in it when i go back to my hometown during People live on farms five years My grandparents planted vegetables in the field to make a Now they don't have to work anymore and all those people have moved into a newly-built housing The housing estate is modern and beautiful than the farm and all trees are preserved so that the environment is not 教育从前不普及,现在普及了。交通原来不发达,现在发达了。I love all the changes happened around me these years, because it symbollizes the rapid development of our It means a better life for all

中国改革开放史论文题目大全高中

1978年,中共十一届三中全会做出改革开放的重大决策,由此开启了中国改革开放历史新时期。这,无疑成为中国历史的标志点,因为,是改革开放,是解放思想,实现了中国当代发展历史性的转折,中国命运由此改变,社会转型也由此开始。 2008,我们迎来改革开放30周年。 中国于一九七八年走上改革开放的道路。改革开放激发了各行各业的活力,使中国的生产力不断得到发展。一个个新兴城市拔地而起。一项项重大科技成果得到制造和开发。一个个大型工程得到竣工。一个个超大型企业正在迅速成长。中国长得高了,长得壮了 改革开放是二十多年来中国社会进步发展的根本动力 西方有的人认为,邓小平提出“摸着石头过河”似乎是实用主义的,中国的改革开放似乎没有明确的理论指导,这是完全错误的。我们党是一个重视理论思维,善于对实践做出科学总结的党。中国特色社会主义理论的形成和发展不是个一次完成的过程,而是要反复实践、反复探索、不断总结,寻找规律逐步形成和发展的过程。科学发展观作为马克思主义关于发展的世界观和方法论的集中体现,就是对我国改革开放30年发展历程做出科学总结的产物。既是对已有科学理论的充分继承,也包含着对中国发展最新实践的科学总结,既有对未来发展各种可能性的充分预见,还包含了对人类,对世界各国发展经验的吸收和借鉴。 在这30年内,中国人民取得了可喜的成绩 香港自秦起明确成为中原领土,直至19世纪中叶清朝对外战败,领域分批被割让及租借予英国成为殖民地,香港从而开通港口发展。1980年,中英两国落实香港前途问题,于1984年签订《中英联合声明》,决定1997年7月1日中华人民共和国对香港恢复行使主权。这位远离母亲怀抱的游子终于感受到了母亲怀抱的温暖。 2001年7月13日北京时间22:00,万众瞩目的2008年奥运会举办城市终于在莫斯科国际奥委会第112次全会中揭晓。萨马兰奇雄浑的宣告声中只有一个名字:BEIJING! 中国北京凭借其过人的优势,完美的陈述报告,在五个2008年奥运会申办城市中脱颖而出,夺得2008年奥运会举办权。 2003年10月15日,神舟五号载人飞船发射成功,中国人几千年的飞天梦想终成现实。这次发射是人类探索太空历史上的一次重要成就。继俄罗斯和美国之后,中国成为世界上第三个将人类送入太空的国家。 我们完全有理由相信,在改革开放中不断变得更加自信和成熟的中国人民,必定能突破当前社会发展中的复杂矛盾,使中国的现代化建设取得更大成果。 或现实存在的中国特色社会主义 概括地说,改革开放,我们“改”出了一个中国特色的社会主义。直观地考察我们的现实社会,经过改革开放,同三十年前相比,确实已经有了很大的差别。从全党和全国的工作重点看,早已由阶级斗争为纲转变为以经济建设为中心;从生产资料所有制看,已经由过去的“一大二公三纯”、公有制一统天下,改变成以公有制为主体、多种所有制共同发展的经济制度;从经济体制看,已经由高度集中统一的计划经济体制转变为市场经济体制;从社会状态看,已经由封闭和墨守陈规的社会转变为对外开放、融入世界和全面进行改革、越来越活跃的社会;从出发点看,过去建设社会主义,强调为国家、为人类作贡献,现在强调改善人民生活,以民为本。 在全党全国工作重点转移后,通过改革开放形成和确立起来的以上五个方面的成果,可以看作是中国特色社会主义社会的基本要素。 这样一些重大的变化,给我们的社会和社会成员带来什么呢? 首先是经济的快速发展。1980年,我国工农业总产值是7100亿元(见十二大报告),到2006年,国内生产总值已经达到09万亿元,即使扣除价格上涨因素,也增长了几十倍之多。我国的经济发展之快,被国际舆论视为奇迹。 人民生活普遍改善。进入历史新时期的时候,我国大约九亿人口,没有解决温饱问题的人口竟有5亿之多。现在,人民的温饱问题已经基本解决(还留下一个不小的尾巴),广大人民的生活普遍得到明显改善。这是大家都可以感受得到的事实,不必一一列举。 综合国力大幅度增长。中国的国际地位和国际影响力明显提高增强了。 人的精神面貌深刻变化。人民受教育程度提高了,青壮年文盲已基本扫除,九年制义务教育已基本普及,大学的毛入学率已经达到百分之二十。过去年代存在的那种个人迷信、思想僵化状态从根本上得到改变。人们敢于独立思考,参与意识大大增强。 什么是中国特色的社会主义呢?以上这些,就是现实存在的、我们生活在其中的中国特色社会主义。 当年,邓小平曾说:“坚持改革开放是决定中国命运的一招。”(《邓小平文选》第3卷第368页)回过头来看,确实是这样。改革开放是推动中国发展进步的强大动力。中国特色社会主义是在改革开放中形成和发展起来的。从实践和历史的角度看,改革开放,其意义决不亚于民主革命时期找到农村包围城市的道路。 实践是检验真理的唯一标准。以上事实,充分说明了中国的快速发展和巨大进步。特别要强调的是,生产力发展是衡量社会进步的最高标准。 以上事实,充分说明了改革开放的路线是正确的,充分证明了中国特色社会主义的优越性和生命力。采纳哦

可以采用主标题加副标题的写法,如:辉煌中国——改革开放四十年纪实;成就中国辉煌——改革开放四十年精彩回访……等,也可以只用主标题,如:中国改革开放四十年辉煌成就;四十年改革开放成就中国辉煌;中国,在改革中前进……总之,此类题目很多,只要是围绕“改革开放四十年中国取得的辉煌成就”来写就好,题目中未必都要出现“辉煌”二字,正文里必须有。

改革开放论文题目大全高中英语

The important breakthrough(s) and its significance(s) of the understanding on capitalism in our country (China)。Which accelerates the population both to comprehend and support the Reform and Open P 括号部分:若是论文重点在于介绍‘突破’和‘意义’的话,请用复数。让人看到题目就被引导去寻找那些‘突破’和‘意义’。另外,‘我国’个人不觉得是很好的论文题目用语。因为这是官方口气很重的用词。英文建议直接用 China 代替 My country 或 our country。最后,你的题目没有设定时间,比如说这十年以来,或改革开放以来等。从题目中,无法看出你的研究时间范围。

Hangzhou Bai jing fang lane problem study demolished Abstract: since the reform and opening up, China's urbanization has entered a fast development Our city's internal reorganization (performance for DongCaQian and urban renewal) into a large-scale development Urban house DongCaQian involves a multi-stakeholder, inevitably leads to compensate and resettle and so on a series of Currently, commercial DongCaQian behavior sometimes under the banner of the social and public interests, the government in demolition different Hangzhou 100 Wells in the reconstruction demolition ruyifang lane nominal do commercial development reality, this article from the government to promote demolition motivation, government administrative illegal cost, city appraisal market standard, strengthen the demolition and the Angle of supervision by public opinion in hangzhou ruyifang lane 100 Wells discusses present situation, proposed demolition through public land grant fee purposes, open government power operation and achieve the evaluation of market operation, strengthen the supervision of public opinion countermeasures, such as regulating the government behavior, safeguard the people's Keywords: the urban house dismantlement program illegal demolition evaluation

The Important Breakthrough of China's Cognition toward Capital and Its Significance 回答补充:促进了人们对改革和开放事业的理解和支持help people to understand and support the reform and opening-up policy字面上是促进,但感觉翻译英文为帮助更好。这样也不会曲解原意

After more than two decades of headlong rush to transform China from an autarkic centrally planned economy into a limited open-market economy, Hu is now leading a nation in the midst of fateful debates about the most effective and balanced route toward a modern harmonious socialist Autarky has never been voluntary Chinese policy under socialism but rather an externally imposed sanction of the Cold W China's shift toward market economy in the past two and a half decades was not taken in isolation from world When Deng Xiaoping introduced the "open/reform" policies in 1979, toward the end of the Cold War, it was a rational response to a world infatuated with the extravagant promises of neo-liberal free A quarter of a century later,while such open/reform policies have achieved spectacular results in bringing China forward into a modern interdependent world, the glaring resultant imbalances,such as excessive dependence on exports, worsening income disparity,regional development gaps, rampant official corruption,serious environmental crisis and near-total collapse of the social-service network and safety net,are raising calls for rethinking the wisdom of falling for the empty promises of neo-liberal There is no disagreement among the youth who are destined to shoulder the continuing task of national reconstruction toward economic prosperity and cultural renaissance on the need for further opening/ The dispute is on the correct definition and path of opening/reform: open to neo-colonialism and reform toward social inequality and moral decay,or open to assuming a legitimate place as a strong and peaceful nation in a world order of free sovereign nations of equality and reform toward creative and scientific socialist construction based on equality,justice and freedom for

中国改革开放论文题目大全高中历史

1978年,中共十一届三中全会做出改革开放的重大决策,由此开启了中国改革开放历史新时期。这,无疑成为中国历史的标志点,因为,是改革开放,是解放思想,实现了中国当代发展历史性的转折,中国命运由此改变,社会转型也由此开始。 2008,我们迎来改革开放30周年。 中国于一九七八年走上改革开放的道路。改革开放激发了各行各业的活力,使中国的生产力不断得到发展。一个个新兴城市拔地而起。一项项重大科技成果得到制造和开发。一个个大型工程得到竣工。一个个超大型企业正在迅速成长。中国长得高了,长得壮了 改革开放是二十多年来中国社会进步发展的根本动力 西方有的人认为,邓小平提出“摸着石头过河”似乎是实用主义的,中国的改革开放似乎没有明确的理论指导,这是完全错误的。我们党是一个重视理论思维,善于对实践做出科学总结的党。中国特色社会主义理论的形成和发展不是个一次完成的过程,而是要反复实践、反复探索、不断总结,寻找规律逐步形成和发展的过程。科学发展观作为马克思主义关于发展的世界观和方法论的集中体现,就是对我国改革开放30年发展历程做出科学总结的产物。既是对已有科学理论的充分继承,也包含着对中国发展最新实践的科学总结,既有对未来发展各种可能性的充分预见,还包含了对人类,对世界各国发展经验的吸收和借鉴。 在这30年内,中国人民取得了可喜的成绩 香港自秦起明确成为中原领土,直至19世纪中叶清朝对外战败,领域分批被割让及租借予英国成为殖民地,香港从而开通港口发展。1980年,中英两国落实香港前途问题,于1984年签订《中英联合声明》,决定1997年7月1日中华人民共和国对香港恢复行使主权。这位远离母亲怀抱的游子终于感受到了母亲怀抱的温暖。 2001年7月13日北京时间22:00,万众瞩目的2008年奥运会举办城市终于在莫斯科国际奥委会第112次全会中揭晓。萨马兰奇雄浑的宣告声中只有一个名字:BEIJING! 中国北京凭借其过人的优势,完美的陈述报告,在五个2008年奥运会申办城市中脱颖而出,夺得2008年奥运会举办权。 2003年10月15日,神舟五号载人飞船发射成功,中国人几千年的飞天梦想终成现实。这次发射是人类探索太空历史上的一次重要成就。继俄罗斯和美国之后,中国成为世界上第三个将人类送入太空的国家。 我们完全有理由相信,在改革开放中不断变得更加自信和成熟的中国人民,必定能突破当前社会发展中的复杂矛盾,使中国的现代化建设取得更大成果。 或现实存在的中国特色社会主义 概括地说,改革开放,我们“改”出了一个中国特色的社会主义。直观地考察我们的现实社会,经过改革开放,同三十年前相比,确实已经有了很大的差别。从全党和全国的工作重点看,早已由阶级斗争为纲转变为以经济建设为中心;从生产资料所有制看,已经由过去的“一大二公三纯”、公有制一统天下,改变成以公有制为主体、多种所有制共同发展的经济制度;从经济体制看,已经由高度集中统一的计划经济体制转变为市场经济体制;从社会状态看,已经由封闭和墨守陈规的社会转变为对外开放、融入世界和全面进行改革、越来越活跃的社会;从出发点看,过去建设社会主义,强调为国家、为人类作贡献,现在强调改善人民生活,以民为本。 在全党全国工作重点转移后,通过改革开放形成和确立起来的以上五个方面的成果,可以看作是中国特色社会主义社会的基本要素。 这样一些重大的变化,给我们的社会和社会成员带来什么呢? 首先是经济的快速发展。1980年,我国工农业总产值是7100亿元(见十二大报告),到2006年,国内生产总值已经达到09万亿元,即使扣除价格上涨因素,也增长了几十倍之多。我国的经济发展之快,被国际舆论视为奇迹。 人民生活普遍改善。进入历史新时期的时候,我国大约九亿人口,没有解决温饱问题的人口竟有5亿之多。现在,人民的温饱问题已经基本解决(还留下一个不小的尾巴),广大人民的生活普遍得到明显改善。这是大家都可以感受得到的事实,不必一一列举。 综合国力大幅度增长。中国的国际地位和国际影响力明显提高增强了。 人的精神面貌深刻变化。人民受教育程度提高了,青壮年文盲已基本扫除,九年制义务教育已基本普及,大学的毛入学率已经达到百分之二十。过去年代存在的那种个人迷信、思想僵化状态从根本上得到改变。人们敢于独立思考,参与意识大大增强。 什么是中国特色的社会主义呢?以上这些,就是现实存在的、我们生活在其中的中国特色社会主义。 当年,邓小平曾说:“坚持改革开放是决定中国命运的一招。”(《邓小平文选》第3卷第368页)回过头来看,确实是这样。改革开放是推动中国发展进步的强大动力。中国特色社会主义是在改革开放中形成和发展起来的。从实践和历史的角度看,改革开放,其意义决不亚于民主革命时期找到农村包围城市的道路。 实践是检验真理的唯一标准。以上事实,充分说明了中国的快速发展和巨大进步。特别要强调的是,生产力发展是衡量社会进步的最高标准。 以上事实,充分说明了改革开放的路线是正确的,充分证明了中国特色社会主义的优越性和生命力。采纳哦

摘 要: 改革开放30年来,中国发生了惊人了变化,经济社会发展取得举世瞩目的成就。回顾改革开放的历程,文章讨论了两个问题:计划经济体制为什么异常牢固和中国经济体制改革是怎样起步的。从当初迷信计划经济体制到怀疑计划经济体制,最终到下决心摒弃计划经济体制,必须归功于邓小平同志关于建设中国特色社会主义理论的指导。打破了长期的、不正常的寂静,造成了再也平静不下来的经济格局,使中国经济不可逆转地走向改革,走向开放,走向市场经济。 关键词: 计划经济体制,经济体制改革,市场经济,改革开放   从1978年12月中共十一届三中全会召开算起,到2008年,中国的改革开放已经走过了整整30年。这30年,中国的变化是惊人的、举世瞩目的。我们每一个人,都在这个过程中有亲身的经历。    我们谁都不是先知先觉者,谁都不可能在1978年就能预知此后的中国经济会怎样一步步发展起来。我们都在改革开放的道路上学习、提高、成长。    回顾这30年,使我感触最深的是:第一,计划经济体制为什么异常牢固?第二,中国经济体制改革是怎样起步的?在序言中,我想就这两个问题谈一谈自己的想法。    计划经济体制为什么异常牢固    在已经建立社会主义计划经济体制的国家,改革是非常艰难的。尽管中国同发达国家在经济和技术上的差距越来越大,但传统的计划经济体制仍然可以照常维持下去。这一体制的性质决定了它有可能顽强地存在下去。原因是:    第一,计划经济体制把企业置于行政部门附属物的地位,企业既不能自主经营,又不能自负盈亏。企业的生产数量、生产品种、价格以及企业的生产要素供给与生产成果的销售都处于政府计划部门和有关行政主管机构的控制之下,企业如果想自行决定生产和经营,稍稍摆脱一下计划的安排,稍稍违背一下行政主管机构的意愿,就会受到制裁,直到把企业领导人撤职或给予其他处分。行政权力支撑着整个计划经济体制的运转。因此,一个企业想背离计划经济的轨道,是十分困难的。同样的道理,在计划经济体制之下,居民个人实际上也处于行政部门附属物的地位。个人作为劳动者,在什么工作岗位上就业和担任什么工作,都由劳动人事机构按计划安排好,流动难以如愿,抵制这种安排等于自己断送了继续工作的机会。    个人作为消费者,也要由计划部门安排,具体表现为生活必需品是凭票证供应的、住房是由单位提供的、甚至子女的升学就业也无一不同行政主管机构的安排有关。假定居民个人想离开计划经济所安排的居住地点或工作单位,他在生活上将遇到很大的困难。这样,从居民个人的角度来看,同样可以认为计划经济的运转得到了行政权力的支撑。    第二,计划经济体制是由若干个次一级的体制组成的。例如,计划的企业体制、计划的财税体制、计划的金融体制、计划的价格体制、计划的劳动用工体制与人事体制等等。它们彼此紧密地结合在一起,这个次一级的体制依存于另一个次一级的体制,而另一个次一级的体制又依存于第三个次一级的体制,盘根错节,难解难分,此存则彼存,此损则彼损。于是,要想冲破计划经济体制的束缚,对任何单个的企业或单个的居民个人来说,简直是不可思议的事情。而且,就算某个企业或某个居民个人在某种情况下能够违背计划经济体制的规定而使自己的经济活动有所发展,那也只能被当作偶然的、非常规的事情,而不可能成为经常性的、别人可以效法的行为。在这种情况下,绝大多数企业或单个居民都只好对计划经济体制下的安排采取默认和顺从的态度,企业和个人都感觉到自己的力量同强大的计划经济体制相比是太微不足道了,无法挣脱计划经济体制的束缚。    第三,计划经济体制有一种被认为是正确无误、不容怀疑的计划经济理论体系作为支柱,这种经济理论为计划经济体制进行辩护,把计划经济体制的建立说成是社会主义社会的唯一选择,把任何背离计划经济体制的经济行为都说成是修正主义的。这就是说,通过计划经济理论的解释,选择计划经济体制是天经地义的事情,即使计划经济体制之下出现了这种或那种问题,但一来这是历史所注定的选择,无法更改;二来如果要离开计划经济的轨道,那就是滑到了资本主义的邪路上去了,对社会、对企业、对个人的后果都是十分严重的,因为这等于背叛。计划经济体制既有行政权力作为支撑,又有计划经济理论体系为之进行辩护和论证,要想冲破计划经济体制的难度之大可想而知。不仅如此,由于长时期内计划经济理论在意识形态方面占据着统治地位,被确定为正统的经济理论,任何对计划经济提出怀疑,甚至想作出修正的观点都被打成异端。由于人们从学校里、从书籍报刊上、从电影电视中所读到的和看到的都是宣传计划经济的东西,于是人们也就自觉地或不自觉地对各种想摆脱计划经济束缚的行为加以谴责、加以抵制。某个企业或某个居民个人如果在摆脱计划经济体制方面有些举动,就会陷于非常孤立的境地,周围的人鄙视他、嘲笑他、斥责他,使他不得不屈从于舆论的压力、周围的人的压力。尽管这些压力往往是无形的,以致于到后来,连最初怀疑过计划经济体制的人也会进而怀疑自己可能真的错了:立场错了,观点错了,于是本来正确而且很有创新意义的改革尝试,就这样被扼杀了、消失了。 中国的经济体制改革是怎样起步的    从当初迷信计划经济体制到怀疑计划经济体制,最终到下决心摒弃计划经济体制,必须归功于邓小平同志关于建设中国特色社会主义理论的指导,归功于中共十一届三中全会作出的历史性的决策,归功于理论工作者和经济实践者这些年来在推进改革与开放中的努力。    可以回想一下,当时,在“两个凡是”的思想统治下,要在改革开放方面迈出第一步是何等困难。1978年5月11日,《光明日报》发表《实践是检验真理的唯一标准》一文,从而引发了关于真理标准的讨论。这场讨论受到了“左”的方面的压制。邓小平同志支持了这场讨论,并领导了全国范围内的思想解放运动。    邓小平同志在社会主义经济理论中进行了重大创新。他领导的中国改革开放事业,他所设计的实现中国社会主义现代化的方案与道路,以及他对社会主义现代化的理论研究,填补了社会主义经济发展史上的空白,揭开了这一理论的新的一页,并用中国社会主义经济建设的实践丰富了社会主义经济理论的宝库。毫无疑问,假定没有理论的指导,没有理论上的突破,中国的经济改革不可能取得进展,计划经济体制也就不可能被逐渐打破。    改革开放初期,从1979年到20世纪80年代中期,经济体制改革在农村家庭承包制的推广、乡镇企业的兴起和经济特区的建立这三个方面取得了成绩。正是这些冲击的结果,导致了计划经济体制逐步失去阵地,最终不得不趋于解体。    要知道,农村家庭联产承包责任制的推广、乡镇企业的兴起、经济特区的建立,无一不依赖于改革开放政策的制定,依赖于真理标准问题的讨论以及由此带来的思想解放。如果没有这些,即使有的农村中出现了家庭联产承包这种生产组织形式,它也不可能持久,而且更不可能在全国范围内推广,甚至有可能出现这种情况:在农村普遍挨饿的条件下,可以容忍家庭承包,只要经济形势稍好一些,马上就展开攻势,把家庭承包取消了。再说,即使有的乡镇办起了一些不受计划经济控制的小企业,那它们也顶多只是小型企业。在计划经济体制之下,生产一些被计划经济体制下的国有大中型企业所不注意或不屑于生产的小商品,起着拾遗补阙的作用,不可能扩大生产规模,不可能成为与国有大中型企业一争高下的经济力量。而更有可能的是:它们迟早会被上级主管部门以各种方式纳入计划经济的轨道,朝着所谓“更高级的公有制形式”过渡。    至于经济特区的建立,那更是绝不可能的。经济特区的建立与农村家庭联产承包责任制的出现、乡镇企业的兴起之间的一个重要区别是:农村家庭联产承包责任制的出现和乡镇企业的兴起,最初纯粹是自发性的,而不是政府部门有意识地倡导的,只是在政府领导人发现了农村家庭联产承包责任制的好处及其意义,发现了乡镇企业的作用及其在中国经济中的不可替代性之后,经过研究甚至辩论,统一了认识,才加以肯定,给予扶植。经济特区则不然,在计划经济体制之下,经济特区没有自发建立的任何可能性,经济特区的建立完全是政府的有意识的行动。只有这样,在中国这块土地上才有可能出现深圳等经济特区。从经济特区建立与发展这一事实,可以更清楚地了解到计划经济体制与行政权力怎样牢固地、紧密地结合在一起。假定不是政府采取有意识的行动,那是不可能在计划经济体制与行政权力牢固结合的条件下,使某一个地区冲破计划经济体制的束缚,按市场经济的规则来发展经济的。    到20世纪80年代中期,中国经济终于发生了有深远意义的变化。农村家庭联产承包责任制推广了,乡镇企业兴起了,经济特区建立了。农村经济改革的成就给人们这样一种启示,即只要摆脱计划经济体制的僵硬控制,让农民能够自主经营,自己承担生产经营的风险,并得到自己劳动成果中应当归于本人的部分,蕴藏于广大农村中的生产潜力就会充分发挥出来,使农村的经济走向繁荣;经济特区建设的成就给人们这样一种启示,即中国与发达国家在经济技术上的差距是可以通过改革与开放而大大缩小的。只要计划经济少一些,市场调节多一些,经济就会以较快的速度增长,人民的生活水平也就会以较大的幅度提高。    启示的威力是巨大的,农村经济改革和特区经济建设的成就向全国人民传达了一个信息:城市经济改革,尤其是国有企业的改革,已经滞后了,必须抓紧时机,推进改革。20世纪80年代前期的经济改革预示着一场更深刻、更艰巨的改革即将展开。它们就像投向死气沉沉的计划经济体制湖面的大石头,激起层层波浪。它们打破了长期的、不正常的寂静,造成了再也平静不下来的经济格局,使中国经济不可逆转地走向改革,走向开放,走向市场经济。    这就是中国经济体制改革最初历史的写照。

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上海改革开放三十年的变化

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