关于昆虫的论文摘要英文翻译怎么写

The 21st century， mankind is faced with a more severe population growth， lack of important resources and environmental pollution pressures and challenges， and open up new resources， the path of sustainable development is the development of agricultural industrialization in China the only Insects as the largest on earth has not been fully utilized the resources of the treasure-house and has drawn greater Insect protein resource development and industrialization， will enter the high-tech， high-yield characterized by multi-level， comprehensive utilization Insect-rich protein， unsaturated fatty acids， trace elements， is a senior human nutrition Tenebrio molitor protein contains 18 kinds of amino acids， and essential to the human body contains eight kinds of amino acids， amino acid content accounted for 40% of the total， the ratio closer to the model of the human amino acid requirements， but also contains a variety of minerals， vitamins and trace elements， known as the "treasure house of animal " Tenebrio study abroad to improve the human immune system protein， anti-fatigue， anti-aging， reducing blood lipids and promote cholesterol In this paper， supercritical CO2 extraction technology of oil extraction Preparation of Tenebrio molitor Tenebrio molitor powder skim the optimum conditions were studied in order to get the Tenebrio molitor protein powder as raw material， the use of base formulation and enzyme formulations for proteins of Tenebrio molitor Extraction of the extraction process of these two comparative Tenebrio first preparation of crude protein to Defatted powder， supercritical CO2 extraction technology to skim handling of Tenebrio molitor， Tenebrio molitor in the oil extraction rate as an index， a three-factor three-level orthogonal experimental design to determine Tenebrio supercritical CO2 extraction of oil The optimum conditions are as follows: extraction temperature 45 ℃， the pressure of 25MPa， the time Tenebrio oil extraction rate of 99% Alkaline extraction with high extraction rate， the characteristics of low-cost， single-factor experiments and orthogonal test results show that the best conditions for alkali formulation as follows: alkali concentration of 0% mol / L， at 70 ℃， liquid-solid ratio 12:1 Tenebrio protein extraction conditions for 90min， in the extraction conditions， Tenebrio molitor protein extraction rate can reach 11%， 20% Enzymatic extraction with mild reaction conditions and substrate specificity of the characteristics of a Tenebrio different protease extract the role of protein have different approaches to protein extraction rate and the quality of protein extract as an index to compare the protease protein of Tenebrio molitor extract the effect of protease and that the complex compound extracted flavourzyme efficient and the final protein good quality To enhance the utilization of raw materials and Tenebrio molitor protein extraction rate， selection of these two enzymes for the enzyme Using two separate enzyme extraction， step-by-step for the extraction and re-extract the results of cooperation in comparison to the rate of protein extraction as an index for the reference degree of hydrolysis， the use of single factor experiments and orthogonal experiment to determine the Tenebrio protease extracted the most good process for the composite and complex protease flavourzyme to conduct two-enzyme complex extraction: 6% the amount of enzyme protease complex and composite plus flavourzyme than 1:3， liquid-solid ratio 9:1， extraction time 8 hours， pH 5 temperature of 55 ℃ Optimum conditions in the extraction of Tenebrio molitor protein， extraction rate can reach 83%， 17% Tenebrio body contains a variety of pigments and polyphenols， of which polyphenols easily in response to Maillard reaction， in the course of enzyme to produce more or less bitter peptide， and in order to maintain its optimum pH value range， the need to join the acid， alkali， resulting in a lot of salt， and the protein extract of Tenebrio molitor darker color， to be refined to deal with Tenebrio molitor 3% by adding activated carbon for decolorization， debittering available color clear extract protein taste Through the cation-anion exchange resin can remove 20% of the salt， and finally through the spray-drying the protein to be light yellow Alkali formulation obtained toxicology protein product safety evaluation results show that: protein products derived from the reference base is the basic security of the non-toxic (LD50 in mice is greater than its 120g/Kg)， therefore， can be used as high-protein and other animals In short， this paper two methods of protein extraction studies， the initial establishment of the Tenebrio molitor protein extraction methods and the best technology， the development of Tenebrio molitor for the future of protein resources to provide a theoretical Keywords: Tenebrio molitor; protein; supercritical fluid extraction; alkali; Enzyme; extraction process; amino acid

在昆虫的多孔的免疫反应保护他们以防止进入他们的hemocoel的寄生生物和病原生物。从的毒液 solitary蛹的endoparasitoid， Pimpla hypochondriaca，以前显示压制某一钥匙， Lacanobia oleracea细胞免疫反应。实验执行确定L oleracea幼虫注射与P hypochondriaca毒液是否是易受杆菌仙影拳，或者Beauveria bassiana，当后来注射了这些微生物。死亡率由于B仙影拳(大约15个群体形成单位[CFU] /larva)和B bassiana (大约4 103分生孢子或幼虫)通过预先的射入4提高lg毒液。另外，毒液或Dulbecco’s磷酸盐Bu的射入？ered盐(DPBS)或DPBS/B bassiana减少了幼虫增重与控制幼虫比较的率。然而，对重量的最巨大的减少为注射了与venom/B bassiana分生孢子的幼虫被记录了。

21世纪，人类面临着更为严峻的人口剧增、资源匾乏及环境污染的压力和挑战，开辟新资源、走可持续发展道路是我国农业产业化发展的必由之路。昆虫作为地球上最大的未被充分利用的资源宝库而倍受关注。昆虫蛋白质资源的开发及其产业化，必将进入以高科技、高收益为特点的多层次、综合利用阶段。昆虫富含蛋白质、不饱和脂肪酸、微量元素，是人类的高级营养源。黄粉虫的蛋白质中含有18种氨基酸，且包含人体所必需的8种氨基酸，含量占氨基酸总量的40%，其配比接近于人体氨基酸需要量的模式，还含有多种矿物质、维生素和微量元素，被称为“动物营养宝库”。国外有研究表明黄粉虫蛋白具有提高人体免疫力、抗疲劳、延缓衰老、降低血脂和促进胆固醇代谢功能。本文主要对超临界CO2萃取技术提取黄粉虫油制备黄粉虫脱脂粉的最佳工艺条件进行了研究，以得到的黄粉虫蛋白粉为原料，使用碱提法和酶提法对黄粉虫进行蛋白的提取研究，并对这两种提取工艺进行比较研究。首先对黄粉虫进行脱脂制备粗蛋白粉，采用超临界CO2萃取技术对黄粉虫进行脱脂处理，以黄粉虫油提取率为指标，采用三因素三水平正交试验设计确定超临界CO2萃取黄粉虫油的最佳工艺条件为：萃取温度45℃，压力25MPa，时间180min。黄粉虫油提取率为99%。碱法提取具有提取率高，成本低的特点，采用单因素试验和正交试验结果表明，碱提法的最佳条件为：碱液浓度为0%mol/L，在70℃，液固比为12:1的条件提取黄粉虫蛋白90min，在该提取工艺条件下，黄粉虫蛋白提取率可达到11%，纯度为20%。酶法提取具有反应条件温和和底物特异性好等特点。不同的蛋白酶提取黄粉虫蛋白有不同的作用方式，以蛋白提取率和蛋白提取液的品质为指标，比较各种蛋白酶提取黄粉虫蛋白的效果，认为复合蛋白酶和复合风味蛋白酶提取效率高和最终蛋白提取液的品质佳。为提高原料利用率和黄粉虫蛋白提取率，选择这两种酶为提取用酶。采用两种酶单独提取、分步作提取及复合作提取的结果进行比较，以蛋白提取率为指标，水解度为参考指标，采用正交实验和单因素实验，确定黄粉虫蛋白酶法提取的最佳工艺为复合蛋白酶和复合风味蛋白酶双酶复合进行酶法提取：加酶量6%复合蛋白酶与复合风味蛋白酶加量比1:3、液固比9:1、提取时间8小时，pH 5，温度为55℃。在该最佳工艺条件下提取黄粉虫蛋白，提取率可以达到 83%，纯度为17%。黄粉虫体内含有各种色素和多酚类物质，其中多酚类物质在反应中易产生美拉德反应，在酶提过程中或多或少会产生苦味肽，而且为了保持其在最适pH值范围内，需加入酸、碱，产生了大量的盐，而且得到的黄粉虫蛋白提取液颜色较深，黄粉虫蛋白需精制处理。通过添加3%活性碳进行脱色、脱苦，可获得色清、味好的蛋白提取液。通过阴阳离子交换树脂可除去20%的盐分，最后通过喷雾干燥得到浅黄色的蛋白质粉末。碱提法获得的蛋白产品的安全毒理学评价结果表明:碱提法所得蛋白产品是基本安全无毒的(其小鼠LD50大于120g/Kg)，因此，可以作为人和其他动物的高蛋白资源。总之，本论文通过两种蛋白质提取方法的比较研究，初步确立了黄粉虫中蛋白质的最佳提取方法和工艺，为以后开发黄粉虫蛋白质资源提供了理论基础。关键词：黄粉虫；蛋白质；超临界萃取；碱法；酶法；提取工艺；氨基酸

本文以家蚕作为鳞翅目昆虫模式生物，使用不同染色方法对家蚕血细胞染色，通过显微镜观察血细胞的形态，并对其进行类型鉴定，为昆虫血细胞分类、免疫功能的进一步研究提供实验依据。实验中，分别使用瑞氏染液、姬姆萨染液、瑞氏-姬姆萨复合染液对家蚕血细胞进行染色，通过对这三种血涂片以及未染色血涂片镜检，发现使用瑞氏染色法和吉姆萨染色法染色效果较差，血细胞形态不易观察；而在未染色和使用瑞氏-姬姆萨染液染色的血涂片中，细胞结构清晰可辩，可作为家蚕血细胞形态观察及类型鉴定的方法。观察中，找到了五种不同形态的血细胞，与目前普遍认同的分类方法一致，主要分为原白血细胞、浆细胞、颗粒细胞、小球细胞和拟绛色细胞。

关于昆虫的论文摘要英文翻译

Ant colony algorithm is a reference in the nature of social insects through their own organization cooperation ability of swarm intelligence produced solve combinatorial optimization problem of typical Ant colony algorithm is by Italian scholars Dorigo M people in the early 1990 s， through the simulation of the ant optimization nature group behavior and puts forward a new kind of heuristic bionic evolution algorithm， it in resolving the traveling salesman problem of good results are In solving the traveling salesman problem (TSP)， the first into preprocessing crossover strategies， the concrete to the abstract map of the common to completely figure， that is， without the TSP abstract for the sake of no to a completely figure Hamilton， then use the loop ant colony algorithm to The experimental results show the feasibility and high In the introduction of the principle of ant colony algorithm and characteristics， the paper introduces the parameters set by the changes and get more optimal solution the improvement， finally summarized the ant colony algorithm should have the characteristic and the future research strategies and development

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The 21st century， the humanity is facing the more stern population sharp increase， the resources plaque deficiency and the environmental pollution pressure and the challenge， opens the new resources， walks the sustainable development path is our country agriculture industrial production development way that must be But the insect takes on the Earth biggest time not to pay attention by the full use resources treasure The insect protein resources development and the industrial production， will certainly to enter take the high tech， the high income as the characteristic multi-level， the comprehensive utilization The insect contains the protein， the unsaturated fatty acid， the trace element richly， is humanity's high-level nutrition source Tenebrio molitor protein contains 18 kinds of amino acids， and essential to the human body contains eight kinds of amino acids， amino acid content accounted for 40% of the total， the ratio closer to the model of the human amino acid requirements， but also contains a variety of minerals， vitamins and trace elements， known as the "treasure house of animal " Tenebrio study abroad to improve the human immune system protein， anti-fatigue， anti-aging， reducing blood lipids and promote cholesterol In this paper， supercritical CO2 extraction technology of oil extraction Preparation of Tenebrio molitor Tenebrio molitor powder skim the optimum conditions were studied in order to get the Tenebrio molitor protein powder as raw material， the use of base formulation and enzyme formulations for proteins of Tenebrio molitor Extraction of the extraction process of these two comparative Tenebrio first preparation of crude protein to Defatted powder， supercritical CO2 extraction technology to skim handling of Tenebrio molitor， Tenebrio molitor in the oil extraction rate as an index， a three-factor three-level orthogonal experimental design to determine Tenebrio supercritical CO2 extraction of oil The optimum conditions are as follows: extraction temperature 45 ℃， the pressure of 25MPa， the time Tenebrio oil extraction rate of 99% The alkaline process extraction has the extraction rate to be high， the cost low characteristic， uses the single factor experiment and the orthogonal test result indicated， the alkali formulation optimum condition is: The lye density is 0%mol/L， in 70℃;， the fluid solid ratio is 12:1 condition extraction flour weevil protein 90min， under this extraction technological conditions， the flour weevil protein extraction rate may achieve 11%， the purity is 20% Enzymatic extraction with mild reaction conditions and substrate specificity of the characteristics of a Tenebrio different protease extract the role of protein have different approaches to protein extraction rate and the quality of protein extract as an index to compare the protease protein of Tenebrio molitor extract the effect of protease and that the complex compound extracted flavourzyme efficient and the final protein good quality To enhance the utilization of raw materials and Tenebrio molitor protein extraction rate， selection of these two enzymes for the enzyme Using two separate enzyme extraction， step-by-step for the extraction and re-extract the results of cooperation in comparison to the rate of protein extraction as an index for the reference degree of hydrolysis， the use of single factor experiments and orthogonal experiment to determine the Tenebrio protease extracted the most good process for the composite and complex protease flavourzyme to conduct two-enzyme complex extraction: 6% the amount of enzyme protease complex and composite plus flavourzyme than 1:3， liquid-solid ratio 9:1， extraction time 8 hours， pH 5 temperature of 55 ℃ Optimum conditions in the extraction of Tenebrio molitor protein， extraction rate can reach 83%， 17% Tenebrio body contains a variety of pigments and polyphenols， of which polyphenols easily in response to Maillard reaction， in the course of enzyme to produce more or less bitter peptide， and in order to maintain its optimum pH value range， the need to join the acid， alkali， resulting in a lot of salt， and the protein extract of Tenebrio molitor darker color， to be refined to deal with Tenebrio molitor 3% by adding activated carbon for decolorization， debittering available color clear extract protein taste Through the cation-anion exchange resin can remove 20% of the salt， and finally through the spray-drying the protein to be light yellow Alkali formulation obtained toxicology protein product safety evaluation results show that: protein products derived from the reference base is the basic security of the non-toxic (LD50 in mice is greater than its 120g/Kg)， therefore， can be used as high-protein and other animals In short， this paper two methods of protein extraction studies， the initial establishment of the Tenebrio molitor protein extraction methods and the best technology， the development of Tenebrio molitor for the future of protein resources to provide a theoretical Tenebrio molitor; protein; supercritical fluid extraction; alkali; Enzyme; extraction process; amino acid

关于昆虫的论文摘要英文翻译版

The 21st century， mankind is faced with a more severe population growth， lack of important resources and environmental pollution pressures and challenges， and open up new resources， the path of sustainable development is the development of agricultural industrialization in China the only Insects as the largest on earth has not been fully utilized the resources of the treasure-house and has drawn greater Insect protein resource development and industrialization， will enter the high-tech， high-yield characterized by multi-level， comprehensive utilization Insect-rich protein， unsaturated fatty acids， trace elements， is a senior human nutrition Tenebrio molitor protein contains 18 kinds of amino acids， and essential to the human body contains eight kinds of amino acids， amino acid content accounted for 40% of the total， the ratio closer to the model of the human amino acid requirements， but also contains a variety of minerals， vitamins and trace elements， known as the "treasure house of animal " Tenebrio study abroad to improve the human immune system protein， anti-fatigue， anti-aging， reducing blood lipids and promote cholesterol In this paper， supercritical CO2 extraction technology of oil extraction Preparation of Tenebrio molitor Tenebrio molitor powder skim the optimum conditions were studied in order to get the Tenebrio molitor protein powder as raw material， the use of base formulation and enzyme formulations for proteins of Tenebrio molitor Extraction of the extraction process of these two comparative Tenebrio first preparation of crude protein to Defatted powder， supercritical CO2 extraction technology to skim handling of Tenebrio molitor， Tenebrio molitor in the oil extraction rate as an index， a three-factor three-level orthogonal experimental design to determine Tenebrio supercritical CO2 extraction of oil The optimum conditions are as follows: extraction temperature 45 ℃， the pressure of 25MPa， the time Tenebrio oil extraction rate of 99% Alkaline extraction with high extraction rate， the characteristics of low-cost， single-factor experiments and orthogonal test results show that the best conditions for alkali formulation as follows: alkali concentration of 0% mol / L， at 70 ℃， liquid-solid ratio 12:1 Tenebrio protein extraction conditions for 90min， in the extraction conditions， Tenebrio molitor protein extraction rate can reach 11%， 20% Enzymatic extraction with mild reaction conditions and substrate specificity of the characteristics of a Tenebrio different protease extract the role of protein have different approaches to protein extraction rate and the quality of protein extract as an index to compare the protease protein of Tenebrio molitor extract the effect of protease and that the complex compound extracted flavourzyme efficient and the final protein good quality To enhance the utilization of raw materials and Tenebrio molitor protein extraction rate， selection of these two enzymes for the enzyme Using two separate enzyme extraction， step-by-step for the extraction and re-extract the results of cooperation in comparison to the rate of protein extraction as an index for the reference degree of hydrolysis， the use of single factor experiments and orthogonal experiment to determine the Tenebrio protease extracted the most good process for the composite and complex protease flavourzyme to conduct two-enzyme complex extraction: 6% the amount of enzyme protease complex and composite plus flavourzyme than 1:3， liquid-solid ratio 9:1， extraction time 8 hours， pH 5 temperature of 55 ℃ Optimum conditions in the extraction of Tenebrio molitor protein， extraction rate can reach 83%， 17% Tenebrio body contains a variety of pigments and polyphenols， of which polyphenols easily in response to Maillard reaction， in the course of enzyme to produce more or less bitter peptide， and in order to maintain its optimum pH value range， the need to join the acid， alkali， resulting in a lot of salt， and the protein extract of Tenebrio molitor darker color， to be refined to deal with Tenebrio molitor 3% by adding activated carbon for decolorization， debittering available color clear extract protein taste Through the cation-anion exchange resin can remove 20% of the salt， and finally through the spray-drying the protein to be light yellow Alkali formulation obtained toxicology protein product safety evaluation results show that: protein products derived from the reference base is the basic security of the non-toxic (LD50 in mice is greater than its 120g/Kg)， therefore， can be used as high-protein and other animals In short， this paper two methods of protein extraction studies， the initial establishment of the Tenebrio molitor protein extraction methods and the best technology， the development of Tenebrio molitor for the future of protein resources to provide a theoretical Tenebrio molitor; protein; supercritical fluid extraction; alkali; Enzyme; extraction process; amino acid

本文以家蚕作为鳞翅目昆虫模式生物，使用不同染色方法对家蚕血细胞染色，通过显微镜观察血细胞的形态，并对其进行类型鉴定，为昆虫血细胞分类、免疫功能的进一步研究提供实验依据。Based on silkworm as lepidoptera insects model， using different dyeing methods on silkworm blood cells， through a microscope observation of blood cells form， type and carries on the appraisal， for insect classification of blood cells and to provide experimental basis for the further study of the immune 实验中，分别使用瑞氏染液、姬姆萨染液、瑞氏-姬姆萨复合染液对家蚕血细胞进行染色，通过对这三种血涂片以及未染色血涂片镜检，发现使用瑞氏染色法和吉姆萨染色法染色效果较差，血细胞形态不易观察；Experiment， using ray's dyeing， JiM dyeing， rui's， JiM compound dye solution to dyeing silkworm blood cells of the three blood smear dyeing blood smear microscopy， and not found using Rayleigh's staining and Mr Jim dyes dyeing effect is poorer， blood cells form is not easy to observe;而在未染色和使用瑞氏-姬姆萨染液染色的血涂片中，细胞结构清晰可辩，可作为家蚕血细胞形态观察及类型鉴定的方法。dyeing and use red， JiM dyeing liquid blood smear staining， cell structure clear can argue， can be used as a type of blood cell morphological observation and appraisal 观察中，找到了五种不同形态的血细胞，与目前普遍认同的分类方法一致，主要分为原白血细胞、浆细胞、颗粒细胞、小球细胞和拟绛色细胞。Observations and found the five different forms of blood cells， in line with the prevailing universal classification method， mainly divides into the original white blood cell， plasma cell， granular cell， ball cells and simulated is

关于昆虫的论文摘要英文翻译初中

关于昆虫的论文摘要英文怎么写

通过主题活动的开展，幼儿感受到了大自然中昆虫的美，认识了常见的昆虫，知道了昆虫的本领，了解了昆虫的生长环境，体验到了制作昆虫标本的乐趣，他们具有保护益虫、消灭害虫的意识，在活动中不仅体验到了活动的乐趣，而且增长了知识这个我可以给你一篇的哦

The 21st century， mankind is faced with a more severe population growth， lack of important resources and environmental pollution pressures and challenges， and open up new resources， the path of sustainable development is the development of agricultural industrialization in China the only Insects as the largest on earth has not been fully utilized the resources of the treasure-house and has drawn greater Insect protein resource development and industrialization， will enter the high-tech， high-yield characterized by multi-level， comprehensive utilization Insect-rich protein， unsaturated fatty acids， trace elements， is a senior human nutrition Tenebrio molitor protein contains 18 kinds of amino acids， and essential to the human body contains eight kinds of amino acids， amino acid content accounted for 40% of the total， the ratio closer to the model of the human amino acid requirements， but also contains a variety of minerals， vitamins and trace elements， known as the "treasure house of animal " Tenebrio study abroad to improve the human immune system protein， anti-fatigue， anti-aging， reducing blood lipids and promote cholesterol In this paper， supercritical CO2 extraction technology of oil extraction Preparation of Tenebrio molitor Tenebrio molitor powder skim the optimum conditions were studied in order to get the Tenebrio molitor protein powder as raw material， the use of base formulation and enzyme formulations for proteins of Tenebrio molitor Extraction of the extraction process of these two comparative Tenebrio first preparation of crude protein to Defatted powder， supercritical CO2 extraction technology to skim handling of Tenebrio molitor， Tenebrio molitor in the oil extraction rate as an index， a three-factor three-level orthogonal experimental design to determine Tenebrio supercritical CO2 extraction of oil The optimum conditions are as follows: extraction temperature 45 ℃， the pressure of 25MPa， the time Tenebrio oil extraction rate of 99% Alkaline extraction with high extraction rate， the characteristics of low-cost， single-factor experiments and orthogonal test results show that the best conditions for alkali formulation as follows: alkali concentration of 0% mol / L， at 70 ℃， liquid-solid ratio 12:1 Tenebrio protein extraction conditions for 90min， in the extraction conditions， Tenebrio molitor protein extraction rate can reach 11%， 20% Enzymatic extraction with mild reaction conditions and substrate specificity of the characteristics of a Tenebrio different protease extract the role of protein have different approaches to protein extraction rate and the quality of protein extract as an index to compare the protease protein of Tenebrio molitor extract the effect of protease and that the complex compound extracted flavourzyme efficient and the final protein good quality To enhance the utilization of raw materials and Tenebrio molitor protein extraction rate， selection of these two enzymes for the enzyme Using two separate enzyme extraction， step-by-step for the extraction and re-extract the results of cooperation in comparison to the rate of protein extraction as an index for the reference degree of hydrolysis， the use of single factor experiments and orthogonal experiment to determine the Tenebrio protease extracted the most good process for the composite and complex protease flavourzyme to conduct two-enzyme complex extraction: 6% the amount of enzyme protease complex and composite plus flavourzyme than 1:3， liquid-solid ratio 9:1， extraction time 8 hours， pH 5 temperature of 55 ℃ Optimum conditions in the extraction of Tenebrio molitor protein， extraction rate can reach 83%， 17% Tenebrio body contains a variety of pigments and polyphenols， of which polyphenols easily in response to Maillard reaction， in the course of enzyme to produce more or less bitter peptide， and in order to maintain its optimum pH value range， the need to join the acid， alkali， resulting in a lot of salt， and the protein extract of Tenebrio molitor darker color， to be refined to deal with Tenebrio molitor 3% by adding activated carbon for decolorization， debittering available color clear extract protein taste Through the cation-anion exchange resin can remove 20% of the salt， and finally through the spray-drying the protein to be light yellow Alkali formulation obtained toxicology protein product safety evaluation results show that: protein products derived from the reference base is the basic security of the non-toxic (LD50 in mice is greater than its 120g/Kg)， therefore， can be used as high-protein and other animals In short， this paper two methods of protein extraction studies， the initial establishment of the Tenebrio molitor protein extraction methods and the best technology， the development of Tenebrio molitor for the future of protein resources to provide a theoretical Tenebrio molitor; protein; supercritical fluid extraction; alkali; Enzyme; extraction process; amino acid

那么多昆虫，你要哪个？找英文的，你去google啊。