关于汽车行业的论文题目有哪些好写

你的论文准备往什么方向写，选题老师审核通过了没，有没有列个大纲让老师看一下写作方向？　　老师有没有和你说论文往哪个方向写比较好？写论文之前，一定要写个大纲，这样老师，好确定了框架，避免以后论文修改过程中出现大改的情况！！　　学校的格式要求、写作规范要注意，否则很可能发回来重新改，你要还有什么不明白或不懂可以问我，希望你能够顺利毕业，迈向新的人生。　　　　（一）选题　　毕业论文（设计）题目应符合本专业的培养目标和教学要求，具有综合性和创新性。本科生要根据自己的实际情况和专业特长，选择适当的论文题目，但所写论文要与本专业所学课程有关。　　（二）查阅资料、列出论文提纲　　题目选定后，要在指导教师指导下开展调研和进行实验，搜集、查阅有关资料，进行加工、提炼，然后列出详细的写作提纲。　　（三）完成初稿　　根据所列提纲，按指导教师的意见认真完成初稿。　　（四）定稿　　初稿须经指导教师审阅，并按其意见和要求进行修改，然后定稿。　　一般毕业论文题目的选择最好不要太泛，越具体越好，而且老师希望学生能结合自己学过的知识对问题进行分析和解决。　　不知道你是否确定了选题，　　确定选题了接下来你需要根据选题去查阅前辈们的相关论文，　　看看人家是怎么规划论文整体框架的；　　其次就是需要自己动手收集资料了，　　进而整理和分析资料得出自己的论文框架；　　最后就是按照框架去组织论文了。　　你如果需要什么参考资料和范文我可以提供给你。　　还有什么不了解的可以直接问我，希望可以帮到你，祝写作过程顺利　　　　　　毕业论文选题的方法:　　一、尽快确定毕业论文的选题方向在毕业论文工作布置后，每个人都应遵循选题的基本原则，在较短的时间内把选题的方向确定下来。从毕业论文题目的性质来看，基本上可以分为两大类:一类是社会主义现代化建设实践中提出的理论和实际问题;另一类是专业学科本身发展中存在的基本范畴和基本理论问题。大学生应根据自己的志趣和爱好，尽快从上述两大类中确定一个方向。　　　　　　二、在初步调查研究的基础上选定毕业论文的具体题目在选题的方向确定以后，还要经过一定的调查和研究，来进一步确定选题的范围，以至最后选定具体题目。下面介绍两种常见的选题方法。浏览捕捉法 :这种方法就是通过对占有的文献资料快速地、大量地阅读，在比较中来确定论文题目地方法。浏览，一般是在资料占有达到一定数量时集中一段时间进行，这样便于对资料作集中的比较和鉴别。浏览的目的是在咀嚼消化已有资料的过程中，提出问题，寻找自己的研究课题。这就需要对收集到的材料作一全面的阅读研究，主要的、次要的、不同角度的、不同观点的都应了解，不能看了一些资料，有了一点看法，就到此为止，急于动笔。也不能“先入为主”，以自己头脑中原有的观点或看了第一篇资料后得到的看法去决定取舍。而应冷静地、客观地对所有资料作认真的分析思考。在浩如烟海，内容丰富的资料中吸取营养，反复思考琢磨许多时候之后，必然会有所发现，这是搞科学研究的人时常会碰到的情形。浏览捕捉法一般可按以下步骤进行: 第一步，广泛地浏览资料。在浏览中要注意勤作笔录，随时记下资料的纲目，记下资料中对自己影响最深刻的观点、论据、论证方法等，记下脑海中涌现的点滴体会。当然，手抄笔录并不等于有言必录，有文必录，而是要做细心的选择，有目的、有重点地摘录，当详则详，当略则略，一些相同的或类似的观点和材料则不必重复摘录，只需记下资料来源及页码就行，以避免浪费时间和精力。第二步，是将阅读所得到的方方面面的内容，进行分类、排列、组合，从中寻找问题、发现问题，材料可按纲目分类，如分成: 系统介绍有关问题研究发展概况的资料; 对某一个问题研究情况的资料; 对同一问题几种不同观点的资料; 对某一问题研究最新的资料和成果等等。第三步，将自己在研究中的体会与资料分别加以比较，找出哪些体会在资料中没有或部分没有;哪些体会虽然资料已有，但自己对此有不同看法;哪些体会和资料是基本一致的;哪些体会是在资料基础上的深化和发挥等等。经过几番深思熟虑的思考过程，就容易萌生自己的想法。把这种想法及时捕捉住，再作进一步的思考，选题的目标也就会渐渐明确起来。

可以写汽车转向系统，汽车传动系统，变速箱等，这里有可以参考的题目和资料车辆工程设计模板

有招编辑部这边做过类似的文章通过的哦，小编全程免费提供专业写作思路和构建框架，在线构题辅导，这样能更准确的解决同学的问题哦，望采纳哦，，麻烦同学了。

关于汽车行业的论文题目有哪些

这个专业的题目方向有很多字数格式与要求么

你好！论文结合自己的工作任务，对工作方法及技巧进行总结，并说说自己对问题的解决或技能的掌握过程中的心得体会。三、选题范围1）发动机故障的诊断与排除过程2）汽车底盘方面的故障排除过程3）汽车电器方面的故障排除过程4）汽车电控方面的故障排除过程5）汽车美容操作工艺总结6）汽车钣金工艺总结过程7）汽车相关工作（工艺）流程

你看看交通技术期刊或者直接去汉斯出版社的官网检索相关文献就可以哈，看看别人是怎么写的，你找找灵感

新能源汽车具体什么时间交呢，我有。

汽车行业的论文题目有哪些好写的

太多了，磨具，冲压，都能写，

淘宝上也许有卖这类书的

这个专业的题目方向有很多字数格式与要求么

你自己没思路的话~可以看下（机械工程与技术）期刊里面的文献啊~看下这类论文别人是研究什么的~说不定就能找到自己的灵感

关于汽车行业的论文题目有哪些英文

With the increase in the general standard of living， some ordinary Chinese families begin to afford a Yet opinions of the development of a private car vary from person to Some claim that there are many advantages in possessing a It gives a much greater degree of comfort and The owner of a car is no longer forced to rely on public transport， and buses or With a car he can go where he likes and when he wants，so much so that he can enjoy his leisure to the full by making trips to the country or seaside on the weekends， instead of being confined to his immediate

Guide the future development of the concept of automotive vehicles Summary of high-tech popularization and application makes the pace of replacement automotive products faster and faster， also makes the Chinese automotive industry independent research and development level and technical level with the international on the growing gap in the development of the concept car is even more the difference between the very WTO accession for China car alarm sounded， but also tremendous opportunity， our government， as well as automotive companies must increase their research and automotive design input， to establish a positive right car design concept， the concept of extensive vehicle design Keywords concept car designed to develop science， technology and culture Technology start-ups PIONEERINGWITHSCIENCE & TECHNOLOGYMONTHLY The 21st century， in order to lead and performance of the new century， the development of future automotive trends， a number of international auto companies， one after another at the major auto show in the world to launch its own concept car and new There is， however， must be caused by a phenomenon we are concerned about: As a car big country， but few Chinese car makers to launch its own development and design concept Are one of the main reasons for China's automotive design concepts and methods， as well as the lack of research and development of concept cars do not pay enough It can be said that a self-designed and self-development capacity of the automobile industry， it is difficult to say that is a complete auto Thus we must intensify the study of automotive design and input， to establish a positive right car design concept， the concept of extensive vehicle 1 "concept car" is defined The so-called "concept cars" that have not yet begun to enter the market with a design unique and must advance the awareness of the new Its main characteristics are: it must give people are to consider that can guide the new concept It has just the design in general at the time， people's aesthetic ideas， the purchasing power and even the level of motor vehicle manufacturing industry is also Generally it will be it avant-garde design， innovative materials， bold use of a more perfect performance， the new car interior design indicates that the direction of development of the automobile Some of the world's largest car company every year to spend many human and material resources to design their own concept car， and in some large auto exposition on It can be said that with the continuous introduction of concept cars， the near future may occur on some concept cars have today， some features or functions of the But not necessarily a concept car will each eventually evolve into mass production cars to enter the market， the majority of concept cars are finally only a "concept" for people to discuss the 2 concept car， in reality the meaning of 1 concept car design and development of automotive products reflected the development trend of 1 the performance of the highest scientific level and the most sophisticated technology in concept car At the International Motor Show the previous， and the major automotive companies and the introduction of the concept of lot of cars， concept cars to remove these sleek， but also more integrated into a large number of high-tech and modern means of the introduction of the concept car to become Motor Company takes pride in the idea of the concept of automotive research and development are often accompanied by new technologies and the use of new materials with certain forward-looking， herald a new stage of development and the beginning for this reason that car companies the development of the concept car has invested great human and material resources， with its show car the company's strong momentum of Various high-tech applications， making car slowly evolved into information， communications， entertainment centers and the exchange of information with the outside world， the computer functions and Internet all-round involvement， in-car information and entertainment equipment， advanced navigation equipment， real-time traffic information function of the growing popularity of the inevitable demand of these high-tech automotive designers transcend time and space to establish a new value system， the emergence of various new technologies for the automotive design freely given to a wider Function of motor vehicles for further expansion and development of the concept car， the car gradually from the cold machinery into human information exchange platform， if the concept car has its own way of expressing their emotions with pregnant， anger， sadness and joy， such as facial expression make the concept car than in high volume production cars， become a new symbol of Concept Car Design of automotive products have greater and greater impact， it represents the development direction of the automobile industry and the basic idea of the automobile company design standards and a symbol of scientific and technological 2 human physiological needs and psychological needs of the largest Satisfied --- Automotive Engineering in the Ergonomics Ergonomics are 50 in the early 20th century with the rapid development of a new subject with the aim of research， design and engineering technology to solve the relationship between the human Car body design in ergonomics， it is to people (drivers and passengers) as the center， from the body's physiology， psychology， and exercise the human body， the research body design， layout and equipment in terms of how to adapt to people need to create a manipulation convenient， safe， reliable， beautiful and comfortable driving environment and take the environment， that is the best person to design a - vehicle - environment Automotive Design Human-Computer analysis of the first ministries to human size required for measurement， statistics and analysis， conducting interior layout design as a basis to determine the effective space vehicle， as well as parts， assemblies (seats， dashboard ， steering wheel， ) position and dimensions of the relationship between Through the study of human physiological structure， so that the seat design in full compliance with the requirements of human Based on the manipulation of human manipulation of the scope and power to determine the layout of the manipulator position and force size， so that when the human body to manipulate natural， rapid， accurate and lightweight， so as to reduce the degree of manipulation of Through the visual characteristics of the human eye， the effect of vision research， testing， checking driver information system， to ensure that drivers have access to proper driving Exercise in accordance with the characteristics of the human body to study the automobile collision on the human body， a reasonable protection， the right to determine the hinged point seat belts and binding on the human body to study the vibration of the impact on ride comfort， research on and get off at the convenience of passengers， and door openings in order to determine location and According to the body's physiological requirements， reasonable certainty that the air-conditioning system and Research on the psychological characteristics and requirements， to design a comfortable， beautiful， relaxed by the 3 virtual product development technology At present， a growing number of automotive design companies and manufacturing companies to start using virtual product development technology， using three-dimensional virtual reality 3D technology development concept Opel car using 3D virtual reality technology concept car design and Designers can experience floating in the air of a virtual image of car design and manufacturing， saving considerable development costs， and plans to be extended to its North American assembly plant to Britain's Rolls-Royce， Renault， France， Germany Audi， as well as Italy， Sweden and other auto plants are actively engaged in this virtual design and Over the past automotive research and development centers to develop new or modified are first shaped body sludge physical model， is extremely time-consuming Now automotive R & D， in particular the development of concept cars are increasingly seeking the shortest development If the introduction of virtual product development technologies， as long as the computer input data to construct a model figure model， in the laboratory can show an ideal vehicle images， as long as the engineers wear eyepiece， you can see clearly， there is such as a car in front of us true， after all the discussion of design engineers modifications， you can quickly design an ideal new Stereotypes， the computer can use the data， outsourcing trial and trial fitted the new parts and components， assembly achieve zero error， and the development of aging more rapidly than in the 4 the concept of green environment-friendly vehicles to the development trend of Since entering the 21st century， countries around the world have been produced about 5 billion vehicles， according to expert estimates that in 2010 global vehicle production will reach 75 People sigh at the rapid development of automobile industry， but also an increasing awareness of pollution from motor vehicles to harm human beings， so many countries of the vehicle to develop environmental protection measures and regulations to protect the environment for human survival， so automotive environmental protection the design of this new concept car design to be placed in a prominent position on the Improve energy efficiency， improved engine configurations， including electronically controlled fuel injection system， secondary air injection， thermal reactor， exhaust gas recirculation system， catalytic purification device， crankcase ventilation systems， fuel evaporation control The development of alternative fuels， research and development of new environmentally-friendly energy， including natural gas， liquefied petroleum gas， fast charging batteries， hybrid power， hydrogen In the automotive manufacturing process， use of green materials， green packaging， green manufacturing processes and equipment and equipment Green car recycling 2 Concept car indicates road traffic in the evolution of human behavior 1 Concept foretells the future of the way road traffic trends Along with the development of automobile， the vehicle status is also slowly change， now car in people's minds as a symbol， a symbol of wealth and the embodiment of a status， but the car as a way of the nature of road traffic has Concept car design is based on the nature of a car's innovative design Concept car at the design of the way through the daily life of mankind， human beings in road traffic in the use of methods such as behavior and ways of life all aspects of prediction and analysis， it is envisaged to solve the future in the way road traffic between the object harmonious Strong and high-speed in today's technology enables the development of means of transport have a much broader space for development， more and more high-tech continuously applied at a new At present many of the world's major auto companies have realized that the development of the next car is no longer the biggest obstacles are technical limitations， but limits the designers Now appearing in major auto show concept cars are generally two types: one is based on the latest available technology can achieve another kind of concept cars are those who put forward some innovative technology options but is still in the research phase of the concept Able to express their feelings such as car， truck can random shell replacement car， be able to easily change the driving mode of motor vehicles， be able to swim in the water of the amphibious vehicle， able to fly in space vehicles， be able to change Like from Toyota and Sony jointly developed by "POD" cars， will be able to through the car before the lights， mirrors， antenna， as well as the rear seat to the car owners to express their "" Like Volkswagen's Seat International Auto Show in the United States on the introduction of multi-functional concept car "Sal? Juancheng sa"， there are sports， comfort and three kinds of urban-type driving mode selection for 2 Concept of culture differences in performance The United States as a world leader in the auto industry， concept cars at the manufacturing are on the forefront in the At the United States because of cultural blending， collision， so the concept car embodies the greater the diversity of cultures; are also caused by a highly developed country commercial， commercial design and pragmatism prevailed， so the design is set up at a deep aesthetic Ethics on the real and solve practical With the American cars are in sharp contrast to the Japanese concept Japan as the world's output of the second car big country， its concept car many practical and imagination， technology is better than art， more concerned about solving technical problems， it can be said in Japan This is the premise of the concept of car design， each model is to solve one kinds of technical problems The Japanese car model to maintain a small， simple， style characteristics of the economy and harmonious relations between man-machine deal with the Japanese are reflected as a delicate oriental thinking and compromise approach to solve the The United States put the design of commercial operation as an important aspect， Japan put out of Products Designed to accelerate as a tool， Germany put Designed as a social and cultural foundation， while the French took the design as a designer of stage From various countries so the concept of car design in different styles， we can see different countries， different concepts， as well as their different cultural backgrounds 3 Concluding remarks The future of automotive design as the development of the inevitable progress of Automotive Technology with each passing day， many of the artistic style of the designer will make it even more widely and more strongly reflected in the car design， and give people a wider Under high-tech， and personality of the car more humane 21st century will be the necessity of the development of the automobile industry， because it is consistent with human culture， the pursuit of individuality and Therefore， the increase in automobile design concept of the attention and input， will be the development of China's automobile industry has played a great role in pushing References 1尹定邦 Introduction to Study Design [M] Hunan: Hunan Science and Technology Press， 1999 2张洪欣 Auto Design [M] Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press， 1997 3 Tang Jia-Ti， Han Xiao Jian had --- Product conceptual design theory， methods and techniques [M] Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press， 2002 Tang Shu-Min Concept cars and car design development and innovation [J] Shenyang Institute of Aeronautical Engineering Journal， 2002 (6)

范文1With the increase in the general standard of living， some ordinary Chinese families begin to afford a Yet opinions of the development of a private car vary from person to 　　Some claim that there are many advantages in possessing a It gives a much greater degree of comfort and The owner of a car is no longer forced to rely on public transport， and buses or With a car he can go where he likes and when he wants， so much so that he can enjoy his leisure to the full by making trips to the country or seaside on the weekends， instead of being confined to his immediate 　　However， others strongly object to developing private They maintain that as more and more cars are produced and run in the street， a large volume of poisonous gas will be given off， polluting the atmosphere and causing actual harm to the health of In fact， private cars contribute to traffic congestion so greatly that advantages gained in comfort and freedom are often cancelled out by the frustration caused by traffic

Which in the homeland automobile enterprise camp pin level maximal? Believe in 90%'s insider city answer: Shanghai GM This answer I have been also to say yes ， the vehicle being that are what it gives birth to a child cannot include a reason achieving best， but selling amounts in the homeland the But， the insider who is also maximal ， believe in 60% if my doctrine Toyota (include abundant Tian He Guang of China FAW Group Corporation vapor Toyota) camp pin is horizontal may shake head: What camp does Toyota have report back after? Small vehicle mass is good ， whose city sells! I have no intention of estimating that whose level height this two automobile enterprise camp sells here， who is low， but depending on that I being engaged in experience of automobile medium reporter for many years ， I thinking that face to face be applied or used universally and abundant Tian Ying sells water In the light of at present understanding of the most people， good automobile camp sells the marketing and sales activity being to have an innovative idea ， to have effect should be elaborately planned， brand notability attracting medium speculation being advanced from this with the public According to that this standard ， Shanghai GM are able to get a maximum score affirmatively，the news "that 100，000 yuan of short separation overcome " makes Beijing Imperial Ancestral Temple hot ， Buick GL8 "land public affair cabin " concept extends ， monarch strength brand Chinese tradition culture entering ， Cadillac brand are in because of Saiou to hold work of announcing ceremony waiting ， all being able to be rated as the classics that Chinese automobile camp pin history mounts in recent Words sending if the camp pin also shunts， "the beauty style being representative leads Shanghai GM since law " ， medium public relation ， news make hot ， the concept announces ， advertisement bombs， Hold tall take taxi camp high this one set selling the combination fist being applied exquisite in skill by Shanghai GM， copy of the first edition the Buick main current process Shanghai GM's package and the marketplace hoisting ， becoming at one stroke the Chinese saloon belonging to two little brand in USA Who can deny neither， Shanghai GM's overall camp pin level height produces person of the same trade or occupation indeed checking once By contrast， China FAW Group Corporation Toyota has only wanted a low tone much ， it's marketing and sales activity in recent several years has had nothing good or unusual to report ， even， public relation crisis events such as "arrogant advertisement event " "， sharp aspiration oil leak event " has appeared ， no wonder a lot of insider has all thought that Toyota "has not found the north yet" in Chinese camp pin except that the strength gallops to appear in the market once drew support from Zhang Yi Mou patting the advertising film event make one wheel Guangzhou Toyota has put up a handful trend brutallyly during the period of the beautiful triumphant strains omen (Camry) appears in the market ， but， the quilt people has mocked well for "vehicle ， the fool city has sold " Be that the Toyota camp pin had better be applied or used universally really? Need to know that fits in the technology " that Japan produces per day all along camp pin ， having "Toyota ，broad ratification ， why Toyota accomplishment selling aspect in camp has gained being thought that the camp pin dying to China afterwards on the contrary by person? I think that many people does not all understand that abundant Tian Ying sells the thought marrow， this is to improve a product and serve steadily ， the public praise forming the fine marketplace then， sells by the fact that the marketplace drives new vehicle coming public The it is the strongest to return to trend in 2006 triumphant strains US omen saloon comes Why does the consumer go after handful of beautiful triumphant strains omen? Who all knows this is that the beautiful saloon has formed fine public praise on Chinese marketplace because of entrance is But， very few somebody asks about: Why in this way good is auspicious beautiful triumphant strains public praise? The answer not the Toyota manufacturing engineering is good ， but the product improves From the sixties debuted the first beautiful Daiji omens last century， Toyota is improving its quality unceasingly right away ， every generation being advanced to some extent， but domestic than the last generation quality city triumphant strains US omens already are sixth generation of Mount sustained improvement in the same motorcycle type platform， not only having economized large amount of inkstone hair ， cost of manufacture， Antagonism， is applied or used universally ， Ford waits for the automobile company to walk to be another a way， their city every year debuts a big heap of new vehicle， but every one new vehicle name ， technology platform and before motorcycle type cannot find out This being also leaking from a lot of automobile manufacturer in the homeland now， way， Board Chairman Qirui Yin Tong Yao has one well-known saying to here: "Alone dou， singles fights but you and I， engage in a gang fight right away during the past life big heap of child" For the hot spot extending the new vehicle ， manufacturer having to create the various concept and news，hold and the marketplace activity on a large scale ， attract the medium and the public eyeball on this 国内哪个汽车企业的营销程度无上？相信90％的业内人士都会回答：上海通用。这个答案我也是同意的，理由是它所出产的车算不上最好，却做到了国本国销售量第一。但如果我说丰田（包括一汽丰田和广汽丰田）的营销程度也是无上的，相信60％的业内人士都会摇头：丰田有啥子营销？车子质量好，谁都会卖！在此，我无意评价这两家汽车企业的营销程度孰高孰低，但凭着我多年从事汽车电视台记者的经历，我认为对通用和丰田营销程度的不同评价，正好代表了目前中国汽车界对汽车营销的两种不同思路。按照目前大大都人的理解，好的汽车营销就是要精心策划有创意、有影响的市场营销勾当，吸引电视台炒作和公家关注，由此晋升品牌知名度。按照这个标准，上海通用肯定能够得到无上分，因为赛欧“10万元小别克”的新闻炒作、别克GL8“陆上公事舱”的概念推广、君威品牌中国传统文化的输入、凯迪拉克品牌在北京太庙进行发布仪式等，都堪称近年来中国汽车营销史上的经典之作。如果营销也分门户的话，上海通用是典型的“美式打法”，电视台公关、新闻炒作、概念宣导、广告轰炸……这一套高举高打车营销组合拳被上海通用运用得出神入化，原本在美国属于二线品牌的别克经过上海通用的包装和晋升，一举成为中国轿车市场的主流品牌。谁也不克不及否认，上海通用的群体营销程度的确超出超过同业一大截。相比之下，一汽丰田就要低调得多，除开威驰上市曾经借助张艺谋拍广告片事件炒作一轮外，几年来其市场营销勾当乏善可陈，甚或还出现了“蛮横广告事件”、“锐志漏油事件”等公关危机事件，难怪很多业内人士都认为丰田在中国的营销“还扑空北”。广州丰田在凯美瑞（Camry）上市时狠狠地出了一把风头，却被人讥为“车好，傻子都会卖”。真的是丰田的营销不如通用吗？要知道，在日本历来有“丰田的营销、日产的技术”之称，丰田在营销方面的成就获得了广泛认可，怎么到中国之后反而被人认为营销不行了呢？我认为，很多人都不理解丰田营销思惟的精髓，这就是持续地改善产物和服务，继续往前形成良好的市场口碑，通过市场口碑来推动新车销售。还是回到2006年风头最劲的凯美瑞轿车上来。消费者为啥子追捧凯美瑞？谁都知道这是因为进口佳美轿车在中国市场上形成了良好口碑。但很少有人问：凯美瑞的口碑为啥子这么好？答案不是丰田的打造工艺好，而是产物改善得好。从上个世纪60年代推出第一代凯美瑞开始，丰田就在不断地改善它的品位，每一代的品位都会比上一代有所晋升，而国产凯美瑞已是它的第六代。在统一个车型平台上持续改善，不仅节流了大量的开发、打造成本，品位得到不断晋升，并且消费者的口碑也在不断地累加。相反，通用、福特等汽车公司走的是另外一条途径，它们每年都会推出一大堆新车，但每一款新车的名字、技术平台和之前的车型都找不出联系。现在，国内很多汽车厂家走的也是这条途径，奇瑞董事长尹同耀对此有一句著名的话：“单打独斗打不过你，我就生一大堆孩子来打群架。”为了推广新车，厂家不得不打造各下位概念和新闻热点，并大规模地举办市场勾当，以此吸引电视台和公家的眼球。

关于汽车论文题目有哪些好写的

厢式汽车底盘改装设计【摘要】根据用户需求，使厢式汽车具有各种功能，必须对其底盘进行改造。文章在分析底盘改装设计内容和要求的基础上，对车架后悬的改装，千斤顶的安装，油箱的移位等提出改造设计方案，并提出了操作注意事项。【关键词】底盘;改装设计;注意事项0引言厢式汽车是具有独立的封闭结构车厢或与驾驶室联成一体的整体式封闭结构车厢，装备有专用设施，用于载运人员、货物或承担专门作业的专用汽车厢式汽车主要由二类汽车底盘、车厢，连接装置等组成。多数情况下，生产厢式汽车的专用汽车改装厂自己不生产底盘，而是从生产汽车的主机厂购买二类汽车底盘，回厂后根据需要对底盘进行改装设计。为了满足用户提出的要求，保证厢式车具有各种各样的功能，需要对底盘进行这样那样的改装设计总结笔者多年来的工作经验，底盘改装项目主要有车架后悬的改变、加装千斤顶、油箱移位、移动横梁、移动汽液管等。改装时，总的原则是不影响、不降低原二类底盘的性能，不允许随意改变底盘轴距、轮距，保证改装后底盘的强度性能。改装设计应使原来底盘的保养部位、润滑点、注油口、蓄电池和驾驶室翻转操纵机构易于接近，便于操作，不能损坏原底盘上为用户正确使用而设置的各种标识，不应使底盘的维修及保养变得困难[1]。1车架后悬的改造1后悬改装设计车架后悬的改造有两种情况，1)后悬缩短。2)后悬加长。按照GB7258《机动车运行安全技术条件》[2]要求，客车及封闭式车厢的车辆后悬不得超过轴距的65%，最大不得超过5m。对于特殊改装汽车，除了满足上述条件外，为了保证车辆越野性，还要满足离去角要求，GJB219B《军用通信车通用规范》[3]中规定，底盘改装后离去角不得小于26°。一般情况下，车架后端至上装车厢后端的距离不得超过400 mm。当缩短车架后悬时，要保留后横梁或直接利用后横梁附近之前的横梁，同时注意不能损坏板簧后吊耳的连接。当加长车架后悬时，后横梁至前一横梁的距离不应大于1 200mm～1 400 mm，必要时在延长的空间内纵向增加辅助横梁。不论缩短还是加长车架后悬，改制后的后横梁在车架大梁前大约50mm左右(见图1)。后悬加长设计时，为了保证车架的强度，要采用与原车架纵横梁同型号、规格的材料，材料的性能、质量应符合相应标准的规定，一般车架都选用16MnL专用材料。2后悬改装操作注意事项后悬改装时要移动后横梁或增加辅助横梁，横梁与纵梁上下翼联接最好采用铆接方式。铆接具有工艺简单、抗震、耐冲击和牢固可靠等优点。如果采用螺栓联接，要注意螺栓应采用强度等级不低于8级的螺栓，螺母应采用自锁螺母，整体上要保证强度和防松要求。纵梁加长一般采用焊接方式，为了确保车架加长不出现质量问题，一般企业都制定了《车辆改装车架接长专用工艺规程》，其中规定了焊接人员、设备、材料、操作方法等，每批产品改装前都要做焊缝强度试验，试验合格后，才允许按照工艺要求进行施工。试样材料与被接长的纵梁一致，一般都是16MnL，按照下图制作两件(见图2)。两件对接立焊，采用J507或J502焊条，分两次焊完，底层采用!(2 mm焊条，顶层采用(!4 mm焊条，电流I=110～170A。焊缝要求如下(图3)。

1、论文题目：要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。　　2、目录：目录是论文中主要段落的简表。（短篇论文不必列目录）　　3、提要：是文章主要内容的摘录，要求短、精、完整。字数少可几十字，多不超过三百字为宜。　　4、关键词或主题词：关键词是从论文的题名、提要和正文中选取出来的，是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。关键词是用作机系统标引论文内容特征的词语，便于信息系统汇集，以供读者检索。每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词，另起一行，排在“提要”的左下方。　　主题词是经过规范化的词，在确定主题词时，要对论文进行主题，依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。　　5、论文正文：　　（1）引言：引言又称前言、序言和导言，用在论文的开头。引言一般要概括地写出作者意图，说明选题的目的和意义，并指出论文写作的范围。引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。　　〈2）论文正文：正文是论文的主体，正文应包括论点、论据、论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容：　　提出-论点；　　分析问题-论据和论证；　　解决问题-论证与步骤；　　结论。　　6、一篇论文的参考文献是将论文在和写作中可参考或引证的主要文献资料，列于论文的末尾。参考文献应另起一页，标注方式按《GB7714-87文后参考文献著录规则》进行。　　中文：标题--作者--出版物信息（版地、版者、版期）：作者--标题--出版物信息　　所列参考文献的要求是：　　（1）所列参考文献应是正式出版物，以便读者考证。　　（2）所列举的参考文献要标明序号、著作或文章的标题、作者、出版物信息。