关于昆虫的论文摘要英文怎么写初中

The 21st century， mankind is faced with a more severe population growth， lack of important resources and environmental pollution pressures and challenges， and open up new resources， the path of sustainable development is the development of agricultural industrialization in China the only Insects as the largest on earth has not been fully utilized the resources of the treasure-house and has drawn greater Insect protein resource development and industrialization， will enter the high-tech， high-yield characterized by multi-level， comprehensive utilization Insect-rich protein， unsaturated fatty acids， trace elements， is a senior human nutrition Tenebrio molitor protein contains 18 kinds of amino acids， and essential to the human body contains eight kinds of amino acids， amino acid content accounted for 40% of the total， the ratio closer to the model of the human amino acid requirements， but also contains a variety of minerals， vitamins and trace elements， known as the "treasure house of animal " Tenebrio study abroad to improve the human immune system protein， anti-fatigue， anti-aging， reducing blood lipids and promote cholesterol In this paper， supercritical CO2 extraction technology of oil extraction Preparation of Tenebrio molitor Tenebrio molitor powder skim the optimum conditions were studied in order to get the Tenebrio molitor protein powder as raw material， the use of base formulation and enzyme formulations for proteins of Tenebrio molitor Extraction of the extraction process of these two comparative Tenebrio first preparation of crude protein to Defatted powder， supercritical CO2 extraction technology to skim handling of Tenebrio molitor， Tenebrio molitor in the oil extraction rate as an index， a three-factor three-level orthogonal experimental design to determine Tenebrio supercritical CO2 extraction of oil The optimum conditions are as follows: extraction temperature 45 ℃， the pressure of 25MPa， the time Tenebrio oil extraction rate of 99% Alkaline extraction with high extraction rate， the characteristics of low-cost， single-factor experiments and orthogonal test results show that the best conditions for alkali formulation as follows: alkali concentration of 0% mol / L， at 70 ℃， liquid-solid ratio 12:1 Tenebrio protein extraction conditions for 90min， in the extraction conditions， Tenebrio molitor protein extraction rate can reach 11%， 20% Enzymatic extraction with mild reaction conditions and substrate specificity of the characteristics of a Tenebrio different protease extract the role of protein have different approaches to protein extraction rate and the quality of protein extract as an index to compare the protease protein of Tenebrio molitor extract the effect of protease and that the complex compound extracted flavourzyme efficient and the final protein good quality To enhance the utilization of raw materials and Tenebrio molitor protein extraction rate， selection of these two enzymes for the enzyme Using two separate enzyme extraction， step-by-step for the extraction and re-extract the results of cooperation in comparison to the rate of protein extraction as an index for the reference degree of hydrolysis， the use of single factor experiments and orthogonal experiment to determine the Tenebrio protease extracted the most good process for the composite and complex protease flavourzyme to conduct two-enzyme complex extraction: 6% the amount of enzyme protease complex and composite plus flavourzyme than 1:3， liquid-solid ratio 9:1， extraction time 8 hours， pH 5 temperature of 55 ℃ Optimum conditions in the extraction of Tenebrio molitor protein， extraction rate can reach 83%， 17% Tenebrio body contains a variety of pigments and polyphenols， of which polyphenols easily in response to Maillard reaction， in the course of enzyme to produce more or less bitter peptide， and in order to maintain its optimum pH value range， the need to join the acid， alkali， resulting in a lot of salt， and the protein extract of Tenebrio molitor darker color， to be refined to deal with Tenebrio molitor 3% by adding activated carbon for decolorization， debittering available color clear extract protein taste Through the cation-anion exchange resin can remove 20% of the salt， and finally through the spray-drying the protein to be light yellow Alkali formulation obtained toxicology protein product safety evaluation results show that: protein products derived from the reference base is the basic security of the non-toxic (LD50 in mice is greater than its 120g/Kg)， therefore， can be used as high-protein and other animals In short， this paper two methods of protein extraction studies， the initial establishment of the Tenebrio molitor protein extraction methods and the best technology， the development of Tenebrio molitor for the future of protein resources to provide a theoretical Keywords: Tenebrio molitor; protein; supercritical fluid extraction; alkali; Enzyme; extraction process; amino acid

研究昆虫控制的文章Athenix and Monsanto Announce Collaboration on Research for Insect ControlRESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK， NC and ST LOUIS， June 20 /PRNewswire-FirstCall/ -- Athenix C and Monsanto Company today announced they have entered into a three-year research collaboration for insect control on a key class of insects that affects a number of Monsanto's major crops of Financial terms of the agreement were not "We are pleased to work with the market leader in crop genetics to bring our technical capabilities to commercialization，" said Mike Koziel， chief executive officer for A "Working with Monsanto to discover novel genes for controlling insect pests increases options for farmers and allows Athenix to demonstrate the power of its integrated discovery platforms for new biotech traits，" said Nick Duck， vice president of research at A Athenix will apply its expertise in microbial screening and genomics to facilitate gene discovery intended to help protect crops such as cotton， soybeans and corn against a common class of insects known as H Hemipteran insects include Lygus， a pest of cotton， and stinkbug， a pest of "This collaboration will work to offer an essential benefit to our farmer customers by providing insect protection in crops such as corn， cotton and soybeans against the piercing and sucking Insect tolerant crops allow growers to spray less pesticide， making their operations more efficient and at the same time stewarding the environment，" said Robert T Fraley， PD， Monsanto executive vice president and chief technology "We're excited to collaborate with Athenix to help broaden grower's options for insect " About Athenix: Athenix is a leading biotechnology company that develops novel products and technologies for agricultural and industrial applications， including biofuels and Athenix has established an outstanding intellectual property portfolio and market access ability around enhanced plants， microbes， genes， enzymes， and processes with emphasis on two major markets: 1) novel agricultural traits for growers such as insect resistance， nematode resistance， herbicide tolerance， and their use for the crop production industry; and 2) the discovery of genes and proteins for use in the sustainable chemical industry with a focus on biofuels like ethanol and other natural Biological control of locusts New weapons for old enemiesDuring the 1988 desert locust plague， swarms crossed the Atlantic from Mauritania to the Caribbean， flying 5 000 kilometres in 10 Scientists were stumped because migrating swarms normally come down to rest every But locusts can’t swim， so how could it be? It turned out that the swarms were coming down at sea – on any ships they could find， but also in the water The first ones in all drowned but their corpses made rafts for the other ones to rest Since the dawn of agriculture more than 10 000 years ago mankind has had to deal with a resourceful and fearless enemy， Schistocerca gregaria， the desert Normally loners， every so often these natives of the deserts from West Africa to India turn into vast， voracious swarms that leave hunger and poverty behind them wherever they Throughout history， farmers and governments have made attempts to repel the bands and swarms of locusts by collecting insects， creating noise， making smoke and burying and burning the But all of this had little With swarms sometimes extending for hundreds of kilometres， and containing billions of individuals， they conquered by sheer force of Health concernsIt has long puzzled humans where these animals came from and where they Only in the mid-20th century was it realized that the light brown solitary desert-dwelling insect was the same species as the red and yellow locusts of the Only when its biology was understood and chemical pesticides and aerial spraying became available a few decades ago， could efforts be made to control the But large-scale pesticide use also raised real concerns for human health and the On the seventh-floor Emergency Centre for Locust Operations (ECLO) at FAO Headquarters in Rome， Keith Cressman， FAO's locust forecaster， checks current environmental conditions and locust population data from the three computer screens on his The last big locust upsurge ended early in 2005 and the current alert level is green or The experts at FAO’s ECLO are readying to fight the next round in the age-old battle against locusts – wherever and whenever that may “The next time，” says Cressman， “we’ll fight with new tools” New bio-control agents Recent advances in biological control research， coupled with improved surveillance and intelligence， could make a big difference when the next round in the battle is Such products could make it possible to sharply reduce the amount of chemical pesticides One promising avenue is research currently under way at the International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) in N An ICIPE team headed by a Zanzibar-born chemical ecologist， Ahmed Hassanali， has identified and synthesized a specific locust pheromone， or chemical signal， that can be used against young locusts with devastating Phenylacetonitrile， or PAN for short， normally governs swarming behaviour in adult males who also use it to warn other males to leave them in peace while they But， Hassanali found it has startlingly different results on juvenile wingless locusts， known as Hopper bandsJust as adult locusts form swarms， hoppers will， given the right conditions， stop behaving as individuals and line up in marauding bands up to 5 kilometres They are only slightly less voracious than adults， who eat their own weight of food every In three separate field trials – the most recent in Sudan last year – Hassanali’s team showed that even minute doses of PAN could stop hopper bands dead in their tracks and make them break PAN caused the insects to resume solitary Confused and disoriented， some lost their appetite altogether， while others turned cannibal and ate one Any survivors were easy prey for What makes PAN particularly attractive is that the dose needed is only a fraction – typically less than 10 millilitres per hectare – of the quantities of chemical or biological This translates into substantially lower costs – 50 cents per hectare as opposed to US$12 for chemical pesticides and $15-20 for other bio-control That is clearly a major consideration in the countries in the front line – many of them among the world’s Green Muscle A different， but also highly effective biological approach is Green Muscle ®， a bio-pesticide developed by the International Institute for Tropical Agriculture’s biological control centre in Cotonou， Benin， and manufactured in South A Green Muscle ® contains spores of the naturally occurring fungus Metarhizium anisopliae acridum， which germinate on the skin of locusts and penetrate through their The fungus then destroys the locust's tissues from the This is definitely not good news for locusts， but the fungus has no effect on other life A product similar to Green Muscle ® is already successfully used in Australia， but the latter's introduction in Africa and Asia is being slowed by several These include a need for further large-scale trials， official approval of the product in several countries， and a relatively short shelf-life in its normal ready-to-spray liquid One drawback is that it takes days to kill the It is also relatively expensive and large-scale production would need to be A solution would be to store the product in powder form and dilute it just before Hassanali’s team has also shown that， if used in combination with a small amount of PAN， only a quarter of the normal dose of Green Muscle ® is Insect Growth RegulatorsAlso being readied for the modern locust fighter’s armoury is a class of products known as Insect Growth Regulators， or IGRs， which influence the ability of hoppers to moult and grow They have no direct toxic effects on IGRs are effective for several weeks after application and can be used in so-called barrier In this method only narrow swathes of the product are applied， perpendicular to the direction of the marching hopper Only 10 percent of the amount used in blanket treatment is After marching over one or two barriers the hoppers absorb enough product to die while As with PAN and Green Muscle ®， however， IGRs need to be aimed at locusts at an early stage in their lives， before they take to the That， in turn， requires an advanced level of surveillance and intelligence-gathering to make sure that any locust concentrations are nipped in the eLocust2Although back at ECLO Keith Cressman has satellites， computers and mathematical models at his disposal， the weak link in the chain has been the time it takes to get good information from the The mobile ground teams whose job it is to keep tabs on locust populations have to work in some of the world’s remotest， hottest and sometimes (for environmental and security reasons) most hostile A week or more might go by before a report from， say， the central Sahara， reached Cressman’s By that time the locusts – “They don’t need visas，” he says – would quite likely have moved to another country or continent This will soon change Field teams are now being issued with special hand-held devices to record vital locust and environmental data and relay them back to their own headquarters and on to Rome in real Developed by the French Space Agency CNES， the eLocust2 device is able to bounce the information off communications satellites and have the data arrive in the National Locust Control Centre in the affected country a few minutes later， from where they are passed on to Cressman for In case of unusually heavy hopper concentrations， immediate action can be taken to make sure that the locusts never grow old enough to Back to the fieldWriting in Science magazine， locust expert Martin Enserink gave the following graphic description of a locust population gone out of control:“On a beautiful November morning (in Morocco) it’s clear， even from afar， that something’s terribly wrong with the trees around this tiny They are covered with a pinkish-red gloss， as if their leaves were changing "As you get closer， the hue becomes a wriggling mass; a giant cap of insects on every tree， devouring the tiny Get closer still and you’ll hear a soft drizzle: the steady stream of locust droppings falling to the ” Such nightmare visions， and locust plagues with them， may one day be a thing of the

新概念四 SPARE THE SPIDERS

呵呵。这个提问太哪个了。不好回答。

关于昆虫的论文摘要怎么写初中英语

去有道查或百度一下：关于昆虫的英语作文

The insect is a number of the nuture，they lives in the grassyland or the we should protect them because they are important for 译文：昆虫是大自然中的一员，它们生活在草地里或者树上我们应该保护它们因为它们对我们来说很重要Butterflies are a kind of beautiful They are very The color of them are red，pink，blueand so I like them because they are a part of the Thank you!Cockroaches are insects of the order Blattaria or Blattodea，of which about 30 species out of 4，500 total are associated with human About four species are well known as [1][2]Among the best-known pest species are the American cockroach，Periplaneta americana，which is about 30 millimetres (2 in) long，the German cockroach，Blattella germanica，about 15 millimetres (59 in) long，the Asian cockroach，Blattella asahinai，also about 15 millimetres (59 in) in length，and the Oriental cockroach，Blatta orientalis，about 25 millimetres (98 in)Tropical cockroaches are often much bigger，and extinct cockroach relatives and 'roachoids' such as the Carboniferous Archimylacris and the Permian Apthoroblattina were not as large as the biggest modern species

Insects are a major group of arthropods and the most diverse group of animals on the Earth， with over a million described species more than half of all known living organisms with estimates of undescribed species as high as 30 million， thus potentially representing over 90% of the differing life forms on the Insects may be found in nearly all environments on the planet， although only a small number of species occur in the oceans， a habitat dominated by another arthropod group， the There are approximately 2，000 praying mantis， 5，000 dragonfly species， 20，000 grasshopper， 82，000 true bug， 120，000 fly， 110，000 bee， wasp and ant， 170，000 butterfly and moth， and 360，000 beetle species described to Estimates of the total number of current species， including those not yet known to science， range from two million to fifty million， with newer studies favouring a lower figure of about six to ten Adult modern insects range in size from a 139mm (00547 in) fairyfly (Dicopomorpha echmepterygis) to a 7centimetres (3in) long stick insect (phobaeticus chani) The heaviest documented insect was a Giant Weta of 70 g (5 oz)， but other possible candidates include the Goliath beetles Goliathus goliatus， Goliathus regius and Cerambycid beetles such as Titanus giganteus， though no one is certain which is truly the The study of insects (from Latin insectus， meaning "cut into sections") is called entomology， from the Greek， also meaning "cut into sections"

Butterfly， commonly known as Butterfly， the whole world there are about 14，000 species， most of which lies in the Americas， particularly in the Amazon most varieties in the world in addition to other regions outside the polar cold zone， are distributed in Asia， Taiwan is also well-known to a wide variety of General colorful butterflies， the wings and body there are various piebald head rod or a pair of hammer-like The largest butterfly wings up to 24 centimeters， and the youngest is only 6 Large Butterfly very interesting， special someone to collect all kinds of butterfly specimens in the Americas butterfly movement and Bird Watching， become an activity that attracted many There are many types of butterflies， fruits， agriculture and the main 原文：蝶，通称为“蝴蝶”，全世界大约有14000余种，大部分分布在美洲，尤其在亚马逊河流域品种最多，在世界橙尖粉蝶(Anthocharis cardamines)其他地区除了南北极寒冷地带以外，都有分布，在亚洲，台湾也以蝴蝶品种繁多著名。蝴蝶一般色彩鲜艳，翅膀和身体有各种花斑，头部有一对棒状或锤状触角。最大的蝴蝶展翅可达24厘米，最小的只有6厘米。大型蝴蝶非常引人注意，专门有人收集各种蝴蝶标本，在美洲“观蝶”迁徙和“观鸟”一样，成为一种活动，吸引许多人参加。有许多种类的蝴蝶是农业和果木的主要害虫

关于昆虫的论文摘要怎么写初中

今天晚上，奶奶在院子里，看见了一只螳螂。刚开始，奶奶还以为是垃圾，就把它捡起来，拿到了手里。奶奶觉得这个垃圾在动，拿出来仔细地看了一遍，才知道，这个垃圾原来是一只螳螂!奶奶把手松开，让螳螂跳出来。我知道了这件事，急忙拿了一个不用的瓶子赶来，想让这只螳螂进我的瓶子里面去，可是，这只螳螂偏不进去。也许它在想：“我才不会上你的当!那里面不自由。”突然，这只螳螂跳到了瓶子上面，停住了，好像在捉弄我。我连忙把这只螳螂带回到我写作业的那间房子里面去观察它。到了我写作业的那间房子里，我把螳螂放到它自己也觉得很大很大的箱子里。我用肉眼去观察螳螂，但是，根本看不清楚。我脑子一动，就去爷爷那里借了一个放大镜来观察。螳螂却来碰我的放大镜，它好像觉得很好奇。我在放大镜下观察，发现它有一双大大的眼睛，使它很容易发现敌人;它自己却穿着一件青草一样颜色的衣服，所以敌人很难发现它。它有一双带钩的锋利无比的巨齿样的爪子，很容易抓到食物。它的那张坚硬的大嘴很容易咬伤敌人。但是，小螳螂，你要小心，当你捕蝉的时候，小心黄鹊在后还想吃掉你呢!我跟螳螂说了好一阵话，最后我对它说：“你累了吧，我还是把你放回大自然去，让你自由。让你继续去消灭害虫，保护我们美好的环境。”我打开了大箱子，螳螂没有马上出来，好像它还依依不舍的离开我这个朋友。我只得把它捉出来，放到花园的草丛里去了。昆虫是生物的一类，它的种类比动物的种类还多呢，如果没有了昆虫，人类也是活不成的。我很喜欢昆虫。我喜欢三种昆虫，它们分别是蝉、甲虫和蝉的幼虫。蝉大家应该见过，每到夏天，它就爬到树上吮吸着大树的汁液，还不停的叫“知了，知了”。甲虫应该比较少人见过，因为它如果不是在高高的树上的话，就是在落叶下面，每当我捉到它的时候，他都会像公牛喘气一样，大声的叫着。有一次，我去捉甲虫的时候，刚弄到它，它就叫了起来，吓了一大跳。蝉的幼虫应该没人见过了吧，因为它生活在地底下，我和朋友常常为了把它挖出来而费了好大的力气，如果见到地上有一个个小洞，那就说明里面有蝉的幼虫。昆虫给我带来了很多的乐趣。小时候，我经常在草丛里捉蚂蚱，一年级的时候，我就常常捉蜗牛跟别人来斗，三四年级的时候，我就会捉蝉了，现在，我就喜欢捉甲虫来玩。昆虫还在我灰心的时候勉励过我，每当我碰到不想做的事情的时候，我就会想到蜘蛛，因为蜘蛛常常不灰心的做着网，即使又破了，它还会继续的做，它那种不灰心的精神感染了我，我又会拿起笔继续做下去，啊，昆虫，你给我欢乐，给我鼓励，在你们当中，还有的为人民服务呢，你们真是人类的好朋友!

《昆虫记》是法布尔以毕生的时间与精力，详细观察了昆虫的生活和为生活以及繁衍种族所进行的斗争，然后以其观察所得记入详细确切的笔记，最后编写成书。《昆虫记》十大册，每册包含若干章，每章详细、深刻地描绘一种或几种昆虫的生活：蜘蛛、蜜蜂、螳螂、蝎子、蝉、甲虫、蟋蟀等等。《昆虫记》不仅仅浸淫着对生命的敬畏之情，更蕴含着某种精神。那种精神就是求真，即追求真理，探求真相。这就是法布尔精神。如果没有那样的精神，就没有《昆虫记》，人类的精神之树上将少掉一颗智慧之果。法布尔是第一位在自然环境中研究昆虫的科学家，他穷毕生之力深入昆虫世界，在自然环境中对昆虫进行观察与实验，真实地记录下昆虫的本能与习性，著成了《昆虫记》这部昆虫学巨著。法布尔的心中充满了对生命的关爱之情和对自然万物的赞美之情，他以人性观照虫性，昆虫的本能、习性、劳动、婚恋、繁衍和死亡无不渗透着人文关怀；并以虫性反观社会人生，睿智的哲思跃然纸上。在其朴素的笔下，一部严肃的学术著作如优美的散文，人们不仅能从中获得知识和思想，阅读本身就是一次独特的审美过程。

《昆虫记》有感　　《昆虫记》是法国杰出昆虫学家，文学家法布尔的传世佳作，亦是一部不朽的世界名著。著名作家巴金说：“它熔作者毕生研究成果和人生感悟于一炉，以人性观察虫性，将昆虫世界化作供人类获得知识，趣味，美感和思想的美文。”　　作者把毕生从事昆虫研究的成果和经历用散文的形式记录下来，以人文精神统领在自然科学的庞杂实据，虫性，人性交融，使昆虫世界成为人类获得知识，趣味，美感和思想的文学形态，将区区小虫的话题书写成层次意味，全方位价值的巨制鸿篇，这样的作品在世界上诚属空前绝后。没有哪位昆虫家具备如此高明的文学表达才能，没有哪位作家具备如此博大精深的昆虫学造诣。若不是有位如此顽强的法布尔，我们的世界也就永远读不到一部《昆虫记》了。　　说我们幸运，还有更深的道理。法布尔之所以顽强，是因为他有着某种精神。如果他放弃了，丧失了自己那种精神，这世界同样不会出现一部《昆虫记》。　　《昆虫记》中对昆虫的细节描写更是令人不得不佩服法布尔超人的观察力，如蝉和蚂蚁乞讨粮食时的狼狈形相：“蚂蚁站在门槛上，身边摆放着大袋大袋的麦粒，正调过脸去背对前来乞讨的蝉。那蝉则伸着爪子，唔，对不起，是伸着手。头戴十八世纪宽大撑边女帽，胳膊下夹着吉他琴，裙摆被凛冽寒风吹得贴在腿肚子上，这就是蝉的形象。”这段乞讨的描写真是惟妙惟肖。　　更令人赞叹的是，法布尔对昆虫倒挂姿势的描写：如在金属笼子里，椎头螳螂的幼虫停在一个地方后姿势始终如一，毫不改变。它用四只后爪的爪尖钩住网子，后背朝下，纹丝不动，高高挂在笼顶，四个悬点承受着整个身体的重量。倒挂栖驻姿势是如此艰难，然而苍蝇的倒挂姿势却截然不同。苍蝇虽然也抓挂在天花板上，但是它总要抽出时间松弛一下，随便飞一飞，操起正常姿势走一走，肚皮贴地，肢体舒展开晒晒太阳。法布尔对昆虫的描写，真是细致入微，令人赞叹。试问一下，那个人没看到过苍蝇倒挂的姿势，但又有谁去注意它呢？但法布尔在《昆虫记》中对上千种昆虫进行了细致入微的描写，这也正是法布尔的成功之处。　　然而，法布尔的成功不是一蹴而就的，他的一生面临着两大难题：一是“偏见”，二是“贫穷”。法布尔勤奋刻苦，锐意进取，从农民后代变成一位中学教师：中学教书二十余年他兢兢业业，同时业余观察研究昆虫及植物，发表过出色的论文。尽管如此，他想“登上大学讲堂”的梦想始终没有实现，开辟独立的昆虫实验室的愿望始终得不到支持。教育，科学界权威们，骨子里看不起他的自学学历，看不贯他的研究方向。这种漠视与某些人的虚伪，庸俗，妒嫉心里合拍，长期构成对法布尔的偏见。法布尔生在穷苦人家，靠自己打工，读完了小学，中学;成年后只靠中学教师的工资，要后七口之家的生活，前半生一贫如洗，后半生勉强温饱。然而，发布而没有向“偏见”和“贫困”屈服。他依然勤于自修，扩充知识储蓄，坚持不懈地观察试验，不断获得新成果，一次又一次回击“偏见”。他挤出一枚枚钱，购买坛，罐，箱，笼，日复一日，月复一月，年复一年的极了研究资料，化教书匠之“贫困”为昆虫学之富有。　　他为了完成《昆虫记》几乎是牺牲了一切。他没有抓住一生中出现的许多机遇去巧取功利，过上幻想中的“好日子”却安于清苦，坐了一辈子冷板凳，甚至不惜把一家老小也捆在自己这张“板凳上”。　　法布尔曾经提出一个问题：“只为活命，吃苦是否值得？”为何吃苦的问题，他已经用自己的九十二个春秋做出了回答：迎着“偏见”，伴着“贫穷”，不怕“牺牲”，“冒犯”和“忘却”，这一切，就是为了那个“真”字。追求真理，探索真相，可谓“求真”。求真，这就是“法布尔的精神”。　　在这本《昆虫记》中，我们看到的不仅仅是昆虫的大千世界，更应该领略到的是法布尔“追求真理”“探索真理”的精神。

它们身体鼓鼓的，像半粒豌豆，鞘翅光滑或有绒毛，通常黑色的鞘翅上有红色或黄色的斑纹，或红色、黄色的鞘翅上有黑色的斑纹，但有些瓢虫，鞘翅黄色、红色或棕色，没有斑点，这些鲜艳的颜色具有警戒的做用，可以吓退天敌。见过螳螂的人，都会十分清楚地发现，它的纤细的腰部非常的长。不光是很长，还特别的有力呢。与它的长腰相比，螳螂的大腿要更长一些。而且，它的大腿下面还生长着两排十分锋利的像锯齿一样的东西。在这两排尖利的锯齿的后面，还生长着一些大齿，一共有三个。总之，螳螂的大腿简直就是两排刀口的锯齿。当螳螂想要把腿折叠起来的时候，它就可以把两条腿分别收放在这两排锯齿的中间，这样是很安全的，不至于自己伤到自己蜣螂第一次被人们谈到，是在过去的六七千年以前。古代埃及的农民，在春天灌溉农田的时候，常常看见一种肥肥的黑色的昆虫从他们身边经过，忙碌地向后推着一个圆球似的东西。他们当然很惊讶地注意到了这个奇形怪状的旋转物体，像今日布罗温司的农民那样。从前埃及人想象这个圆球是地球的模型，蜣螂的动作与天上星球的运转相合。他们以为这种甲虫具有这样多的天文学知识，因而是很神圣的，所以他们叫它“神圣的甲虫”。同时他们又认为，甲虫抛在地上滚的球体，里面装的是卵子，小甲虫是从那里出来的。但是事实上，这仅是它的食物储藏室而已。里面并没有卵子。这圆球并不是什么可口的食品。因为甲虫的工作，是从土面上收集污物，这个球就是它把路上与野外的垃圾，很仔细地搓卷起来形成的。有的时候，蜣螂好像是一个善于合作的动物，而这种事情是常常发生的。当一个甲虫的球已经做成，它离开它的同类，把收获品向后推动。一个将要开始工作的邻居，看到这种情况，会忽然抛下工作，跑到这个滚动的球边上来，帮球主人一臂之力。它的帮助当然是值得欢迎的。但它并不是真正的伙伴，而是一个强盗。要知道自己做成圆球是需要苦工和忍耐力的！而偷一个已经做成的，或者到邻居家去吃顿饭，那就容易多了。有的贼甲虫，用很狡猾的手段，有的简直施用武力呢！有时候，一个盗贼从上面飞下来，猛地将球主人击倒。然后它自己蹲在球上，前腿靠近胸口，静待抢夺的事情发生，预备互相争斗。如果球主人起来抢球，这个强盗就给它一拳，从后面打下去。于是主人又爬起来，推摇这个球，球滚动了。强盗也许因此滚落。那末，接着就是一场角力比赛。两个甲虫互相扯扭着，腿与腿相绞，关节与关节相缠，它们角质的甲壳互相冲撞，摩擦，发出金属互相摩擦的声音，胜利的甲虫爬到球顶上，贼甲虫失败几回被驱逐后，只有跑开去重新做自己的小弹丸。有几回，我看见第三个甲虫出现，像强盗一样抢劫这个球。一个神圣甲虫的地穴不久就被找到了，或者你也知道，它的土穴上面，总会有一堆新鲜的泥土积在上面。我的同伴用我的小刀铲向地下拼命的掘，我则伏在地上，因为这样容易看见有什么东西被掘出来。一个洞穴掘开，在潮湿的泥土里，我发现了一个精制的梨。我真是不会忘记这是我第一次看见，一个母甲虫的奇异的工作呢！当挖掘古代埃及遗物的时候，如果我发现这神圣甲虫是用翡翠雕刻的，我的兴奋却也不见得更大呢。我们继续搜寻，于是发现了第二个土穴。这次母甲虫在梨的旁边，而且紧紧抱着这只梨。这当然是在它未离开以前，完工毕事的举动，用不着怀疑，这个梨就是蜣螂的卵子了。在这一个夏季，我至少发现了一百个这样的卵子。像球一样的梨，是用人们丢弃在原野上的废物做成的，但是原料要比较精细些，为的是给蛴螬预备好食物。当它从卵里跑出来的时候，还不能自己寻找食物，所以母亲将它包在最适宜的食物里，它可以立刻大吃起来，不至于挨饿。卵是被放在梨的比较狭窄的一端的。每个有生命的种子，无论植物或动物，都是需要空气的，就是鸟蛋的壳上也分布着无数个小孔。假如蜣螂的卵是在梨的最后部分，它就闷死了，因为这里的材料粘得很紧，还包有硬壳。所以母甲虫预备下一间精制透气的小空间，薄薄的墙壁，给它的小蛴螬居住，在它生命最初的时候，甚至在梨的中央，也有少许空气，当这些已经不够供给柔弱的小蛴螬消耗，它要到中央去吃食，已经很强壮，能够自己支配一些空气了。梨紧贴着地板的部分，已经敷上了细沙。其余的部分，也已磨光得像玻璃一样，这表明它还没有把梨子细细的滚过，不过是塑成形状罢了。它塑造这只梨时，用大足轻轻敲击，如同先前在日光下塑造圆球一样。在我自己的工作室里，用大口玻璃瓶装满泥土，为母甲虫做成人工的地穴，并留下一个小孔以便观察它的动作，因此它工作的各项程序我都可以看得见。甲虫开始是做一个完整的球，然后环绕着梨做成一道圆环，加上压力，直至圆环成为一条深沟，做成一个瓶颈似的样子。这样，球的一端就做出了一个凸起。在凸起的中央，再加压力，做成一个火山口，即凹穴，边缘是很厚的，凹穴渐深，边缘也渐薄，最后形成一个袋。它把袋的内部磨光，把卵产在当中，包袋的口上，即梨的尾端，再用一束纤维塞住。用这样粗糙的塞子封口是有理由的，别的部分甲虫都用腿重重的拍过，只有这里不拍。因为卵的层端朝着封口，假如塞子重压深入，蛴螬就会感到痛苦。所以甲虫把口塞住，却不把塞子撞下去。三、甲虫的生长甲虫在梨里面产卵约一个星期或十天之后，卵就孵化成蛴螬了，它毫不迟疑地开始吃四周的墙壁，它聪明异常，因为它总是朝厚的方向去吃，不致把梨弄出小孔，使自己从空隙里掉出来。不久它就变得很肥胖了，不过样子实在很难看，背上隆起，皮肤透明，假如你拿它来朝着光亮看，能看见它的内部器官。如果是古代埃及人有机会看见这肥白的蛴螬，在这种发育的状态之下，他们是不会猜想到将来甲虫会具有的那些庄严和美观了。当第一次脱皮时，这个小昆虫还未长成完全的甲虫，虽然全部甲虫的形状，已经能辨别出来了。很少有昆虫能比这个小动物更美丽，翼盘在中央，像折叠的宽阔领带，前臂位于头部之下。半透明的黄色如蜜的色彩，看来真如琥珀雕成的一般。它差不多有四个星期保持这个状态，到后来，重新再脱掉一层皮。这时候它的颜色是红白色，在变成檀木的黑色之前，它是要换好几回衣服的，颜色渐黑，硬度渐强，直到披上角质的甲胄，才是完全长成的甲虫。这些时候，它是在地底下梨形的巢穴里居住着的。它很渴望冲开硬壳的甲巢，跑到日光里来。但它能否成功，是要依靠环境而定的。于是我加入一些助力给它们中的一对，用小刀戳开一个墙眼，但这两个小动物也并没有比其余的更有进步。不到两星期，所有的壳内都沉寂了。这些用尽力量的囚徒，已经死了。于是我又拿了一些同从前一样硬的壳，用湿布裹起来，放在瓶里，用木塞塞好，等湿气浸透，才将里面的潮布拿开，重新放到瓶子里。这次试验完全成功，壳被潮湿浸软后，遂被囚徒冲破。它勇敢地用腿支持身体，把背部当作一条杠杆，认准一点顶和撞，最后，墙壁破裂成碎片。在每次试验中，甲虫都能从中解放出来。在天然环境下，这些壳在地下的时候，情形也是一样的。当土壤被八月的太阳烤干，硬得像砖头一样，这些昆虫要逃出牢狱，就不可能了。但偶尔下过一阵雨，硬壳回复从前的松软，它们再用腿挣扎，用背推撞，这样就能得到自由。刚出来的时候，它并不关心食物。这时它所最需要的，是享受日光。跑到太阳里，一动不动地取暖。一会儿，它就要吃了。没有人教它，它也会做，像它的前辈一样，去做一个食物的球，也去掘一个储藏所，储藏食物，一点不用学习，它就完全会从事它的工作。最后，这个庞大的大家庭消失了。这些小蛛纷纷被飘浮的丝带到各个地方。原来背着一群孩子的荣耀的母蛛变成了孤老。一下子失去那么多孩子，它看来似乎并不悲痛。它更加精神焕发地到处觅食，因为这时候它背上再也没有厚厚的负担了，轻松了不少，反而显得年轻了。不久以后它就要做祖母，以后还要做曾祖母，因为一只狼蛛可以活上好几年呢

关于昆虫论文摘要怎么写初中

《昆虫记》融合作者毕生研究成果和人生感悟于一炉，以人性关法布尔照虫性，又用虫性反观社会人生，将昆虫世界化作供人类获得知识、趣味、美感和思想的美文。这本书以忠实于法文原著整体风貌及表达特色为选择原则，让世界读者首次领略昆虫们的日常生活习性以及特征的描述等。《昆虫记》是法布尔以毕生的时间与精力，通过仔细地观察后，深刻地描绘了多种昆虫的生活：“歌唱家”——蝉、“音乐家”——蟋蟀、“劳动巨匠”——舍腰蜂、美丽的大孔雀蛾……真实地记录了昆虫的本能、习性、劳动、婚姻、繁衍和死亡，无不渗透着作者对人类的思考，睿智的哲思跃然纸上。它行文生动活泼，语调轻松诙谐，充满了盎然的情趣。

关于昆虫的小论文摘要怎么写初中

《昆虫记》，是法国昆虫学家、文学家让-亨利·卡西米尔·法布尔创作的长篇生物学著作，共十卷。该作品是一部概括昆虫的种类、特征、习性和婚习的昆虫生物学著作，记录了昆虫真实的生活，表述的是昆虫为生存而斗争时表现出的灵性，还记载着法布尔痴迷昆虫研究的动因、生平抱负、知识背景、生活状况等等内容。作者将昆虫的多彩生活与自己的人生感悟融为一体，用人性去看待昆虫，字里行间都透露出作者对生命的尊敬与热爱。

昆虫记的摘要，昆虫记的摘要就是表示大家一定要爱护动物

昆虫记神秘的池塘当我面对池塘，凝视着它的时候，我可从来都不觉得厌倦。在这个绿色的小小世界里，不知道会有多少忙碌的小生命生生不息。在充满泥泞的池边，随处可见一堆堆黑色的小蝌蚪在暖和的池水中嬉戏着，追逐着；有着红色肚皮的蝾螈也把它的宽尾巴像舵一样地摇摆着，并缓缓地前进；在那芦苇草丛中，我们还可以找到一群群石蚕的幼虫，它们各自将身体隐匿在一个枯枝做的小鞘中——这个小鞘是用来作防御天敌和各种各样意想不到的灾难用的。在池塘的深处，水甲虫在活泼地跳跃着，它的前翅的尖端带着一个气泡，这个气泡是帮助它呼吸用的。它的胸下有一片胸翼，在阳光下闪闪发光，像佩带在一个威武的大将军胸前的一块闪着银光的胸甲。在水面上，我们可以看到一堆闪着亮光的“蚌蛛”在打着转，欢快地扭动着，不对，那不是“蚌蛛”，其实那是豉虫们在开舞会呢！离这儿不远的地方，有一队池鳐正在向这边游来，它们那傍击式的泳姿，就像裁缝手中的缝针那样迅速而有力。在这个地方你还会见到水蝎，只见它交叉着两肢，在水面上悠闲地做出一副仰泳的姿势，那神态，仿佛它是天底下最伟大的游泳好手。还有那蜻蜓的幼虫，穿着沾满泥巴的外套，身体的后部有一个漏斗，每当它以极高的速度把漏斗里的水挤压出来的时候，借着水的反作用力，它的身体就会以同样的高速冲向前方。在池塘的底下，躺着许多沉静又稳重的贝壳动物。有时候，小小的田螺们会沿着池底轻轻地、缓缓地爬到岸边，小心翼翼地慢慢张开它们沉沉的盖子，眨巴着眼睛，好奇地展望这个美丽的水中乐园，同时又尽情地呼吸一些陆上空气；水蛭们伏在它们的征服物上，不停地扭动着它们的身躯，一副得意洋洋的样子；成千上万的孑孓在水中有节奏地一扭一曲，不久的将来它们会变成蚊子，成为人人喊打的坏蛋。乍一看，这是一个停滞不动的池塘，虽然它的直径不超过几尺，可是在阳光的孕育下，它却犹如一个辽阔神秘而又丰富多彩的世界。它多能打动和引发一个孩子的好奇心啊！让我来告诉你，在我的记忆中的第一个池塘怎样深深地吸引了我，激发起我的好奇心。我小的时候，家里很穷。除了我妈妈继承的一所房子和一块小小的荒芜的园子之外，几乎什么也没有了。“我们将怎么生活下去呢？”这个严重的问题，常常会挂在我爸爸妈妈的嘴边。你听说过“大拇指”的故事吗？那个“大拇指”藏在他父亲的矮凳子下，偷听他父亲和母亲所说的一些关于生活窘迫的对话。我就很像那个“大拇指”。但是我没有像他那样，可以藏在凳子底下，我是伏在桌子上一面假装睡着了，一面偷听他们的谈话。幸运的是，我所听到的，并不像“大拇指”的父亲所说的那种使人心寒的话，相反地，那是一个美妙的计划。我听了以后，心中涌起一阵难以形容的快乐和欣慰。 “如果我们来养一群小鸭”，妈妈说，“将来一定可以换得不少钱。我们可以买些油脂回来，让亨利天天照料它们，把它们喂得肥肥的。” “太好了！”父亲高兴地说道，“让我们来试试吧。” 那天晚上，我做了一个美妙的梦。我和一群可爱的小鸭子们一起漫步到池畔，它们都穿着鲜黄色的衣裳，活泼地在水中打闹、洗澡。我在旁边微笑地看着它们洗澡，耐心地等它们洗痛快，然后带着它们慢悠悠地走回家。半路上，我发现其中有一只小鸭累了，就小心翼翼地把它捧起来放在篮子里面，让它甜甜地睡觉。没想到就在两个月之后，我的美梦就实现了：我们家里养了二十四只毛茸茸的小鸭子。鸭子自己不会孵蛋，常常由母鸡来孵。可怜的老母鸡分不出孵的是自己的亲骨肉还是别家的“野孩子”，只要是那圆溜溜、和鸡蛋差不多样子的蛋，它都很乐意去孵，并把孵出来的小生物当作自己的亲生孩子来对待。负责孵育我们家的小鸭的是两只黑母鸡，其中一只是我们自己家的，而另一只是向邻居借来的。我们家的那只黑母鸡，每天陪着小鸭们玩，不厌其烦地和它们做游戏玩耍，让它们快乐健康地长大。我往一只木桶里盛了些水，大约有两寸高，这个木桶就成了小鸭们的游泳池。只要是晴朗的日子，小鸭们总是一边沐浴着温暖的阳光，一边在木桶里洗澡嬉戏，显得无比的美满、和谐和舒适，令旁边的黑母鸡羡慕不已。两星期以后，这只小小的木桶渐渐地不能满足小鸭们的要求了。它们需要大量的水，这样它们才能在里面自由自在地翻身跳跃，它们还需要许多小虾米、小螃蟹、小虫子之类作为它们的食物。而这些食物通常大量地蕴藏在互相缠绕的水草中，等候着它们自己去猎取。现在我感觉到取水是个大问题。因为我们家住在山上，而从山脚下带大量的水上来是非常困难的。尤其是在夏天，我们自己都不能痛快地喝水，哪里还顾得了那些小鸭呢？