英语专业毕业论文吧
Study on the Child Image of the Catcher in the Rye From Linguistic Perspective 从语言的角度分析《麦田里的守望者》中的儿童形象A CHILD OF NATURE: ON EMILY DICKINSON'S NATURE COMPLEX 璞玉无暇，浑然天成：论艾米莉.狄金森的自然情结A POLYPHONIC ANALYSIS OF THE SOUNF AND FURY “对位法”分析《喧哗与骚动》The Use of Zero Article Before Class Nouns 类名词前的零冠词用法解析An Analysis of Factors of Martin Eden's Suicide 导致马丁.伊登自杀因素的分析Factors Affecting Marriage in Pride and Prejudice <<傲慢与偏见〉〉中影响婚姻的因素A Probe into Anti-slavery of Mark Twain--From the Perspective of Jim in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 探讨马克吐温的反奴隶制--对《哈克贝利芬历险记》中吉姆的分析The Use OF Body Language In English Teaching 肢体语言在英语教学中的应用Task-based Language Teaching and Its Application in China 任务教学法及其在中国的应用Various Circumstances That the Inversion Is Used Under and Comparison with Chinese 运用到状的多种情形及与汉语的比较Individual Factos Contributing to Gatsby's Tragedy 导致盖茨比悲剧产生的个人因素The Direct Method and Its Application in Juvenile English Teaching 直接教学法及其在少儿英语教学中的应用On Social Factora to the Failure of the Americam Dream——A Contrast between Gatsby and Willy Loman 论美国梦破灭的社会因素——盖茨比和威力洛曼的比较On the Psychological Development of Tom in The Grapes of Wrath论《愤怒的葡萄》中汤姆的心理变化Study on the Teaching of Culture 浅析文化教学Culture Conmflicts in English Teaching 英语教学中的文化冲突Cultural Differences of Chinese and English Color Words 中英颜色词的文化差异A Research of Rhetoric in Jane Eyre 关于《简爱》中修辞的研究On the Causes of Tess's Tragedy 论苔丝悲剧的原因On Symbolism and Portraiture in The Great Gatsby 论《了不起的盖茨比》中的象征主义和人物描写Multianalysis of "the Lost Generation" in The Sun Also Rises 透视《太阳照样升起》中的“迷惘的一代”On Robinson Crusoe's Character 鲁滨逊人物分析The Use of Symbolism in Scarlet Letter 论《红字》中象征手法的运用On the Writing Features Of The Cal l of the Wild 论《野性的呼唤》的写作手法Character Analysis of Santiago in The Old Man and The Sea 《老人与海》主人公——桑提亚哥形象分析Communicative Approach of English Teaching 英语教学之交际法On the Theme of For Whom the Bell Tolls 论《丧钟为谁而鸣》的主题思想How to Be a Good Guide in English Teaching in Middle School 怎样在中学教学中做好引导者
你要是找国淘论文写作，就不会出现这种问题了好不好？1．题名规范 题名应简明、具体、确切，能概括论文的特定内容，有助于选定关键词，符合编制题录、索引和检索的有关原则。2．命题方式3．撰写 英文题名的注意事项 ①英文题名以短语为主要形式，尤以名词短语最常见，即题名基本上由一个或几个名词加上其前置和（或）后置定语构成；短语型题名要确定好中心词，再进行前后修饰。各个词的顺序很重要，词序不当，会导致表达不准。②一般不要用陈述句，因为题名主要起标示作用，而陈述句容易使题名具有判断式的语义，且不够精炼和醒目。少数情况（评述性、综述性和驳斥性）下可以用疑问句做题名，因为疑问句有探讨性语气，易引起读者兴趣。③同一篇论文的英文题名与中文题名内容上应一致，但不等于说词语要一一对应。在许多情况下，个别非实质性的词可以省略或变动。④国外科技期刊一般对题名字数有所限制，有的规定题名不超过2行，每行不超过42个印刷符号和空格；有的要求题名不超过14个词。这些规定可供我们参考 。 ⑤在论文的英文题名中。凡可用可不用的冠词均不用。
不会，我可以
我才写完毕业论文，简直是折磨！我把我们系的题目给你，参考看看吧。我写的是文化类的。其实文学和文化类要比翻译和教育类好写得多，网上可以找到的参考资料也多。英美人文和历史研究：1，从跨文化的角度谈汉英思维及表达方式的差异2，论美国垮掉的一代3，美国牛仔的成功之路4，文艺复兴在英国文学史中的作用5，跨文化交际中英汉礼貌与面子6，中西方饮食文化的对比研究7，西方节日的变迁及文化内涵8，电影《喜福会》所表现的中西方文化差异（我就是这个题目）9，中美教育制度及教育理念的对比研究10，英汉称谓的差异及其文化内涵11，希腊神话对英美文化的影响12，英汉商标对英美文化的影响13，英语习语与西方文化14，浅谈英美姓氏的起源及文化内涵15，中美高等教育大众化路径的比较16，《阿甘正传》承载的美国青年文化17，《阿甘正传》美国传统价值观的呼唤与回归18，浅谈美国文化中的实用主义19，论美国宗教与政治20，《圣经》的文学性及其对中西文学的影响评述选题注意事项：1，选你自己感兴趣的题目，毕业论文是个浩大的工程，要是不能写自己想写的，相信我，在这漫长的写作时间里，你会相当痛苦的。2，题目不能太大，也不能太小，否则不好驾驭。最好是那种“从小角度看大问题”的题目。例如，我写喜福会这部电影，电影体现了中美文化差异，分别有婚姻观，家庭教育观等。但是我以一部电影为出发点，这个角度就比较小。话说中西方文化的差异实在太多了，但是我只从喜福会这部电影出发，所以范围就缩小了。再者，没什么人写这个电影，所以也不容易和别人雷同，不是被写滥了的题目。3，这个题目是好找资料的，毕竟是本科论文，不是研究生或是博士的论文，写作水平有限，平时最多写写几百字的作文忽然要写几千字，想必是非常困难的。所以内容不可能完完全全出自“自己”，于是就要大量的从网上，参考书上，图书馆搬来。所以最好就是找参考资料比较多的题目，切忌是参考，不是照搬，可以PARAPHRASE里面的内容到自己的论文。差不多就这些了，我觉得这几点是最重要的，如果你有几个拿不定主意的题目，可以找论文指导老师问问看，当时我开笔写论文前，都找老师问了，老师比较有经验，他应该可以给你很多建议。
英语专业毕业论文题目贴吧
题目不要太大，也不要太小，太大了面太广容易泛泛，小了就无材料可查，没东西可写。写你熟悉的 资料好查的 参考
很多题目可以写的。可以写东西方文化差异，翻译，英语教育，语言学,文学。我个人觉得文学比较好写。我觉得不要选太生僻的作品，不好找资料。也不要太普遍的，象什么；傲慢与偏见，老人与海。太多人写了还有一点要注意，写的范围不能太大。要针对具体的某方面写。比如，不能写：对《傲慢与偏见》的分析。这样题目就太大了。一本书可以从很多方面来分析。可以分析人物的性格，可以分析这本书的社会意义，现实意义。
论文题目是每个学校都有规定的。比如说：文学方面的，商务方面的~~你不要太着急，还是要看看你们学院的要求~按照要求下手，事半功倍哦~o(∩_∩)o... 题目推荐：“中美文化差异对商务谈判的影响”这个题目很普遍，比较好找资料。而且写的时候也比较容易。如果这个题目可以的话，回头我可以给你些资料。 呵呵。完整的一套abstract还有论文呢。是我自己写的。以前毕业论文的时候没有用上
1、针对你研究的某一个范围具体命题。如：中学教育，小学教育，职业教育等等。2、侧重某一个教学法进行论述和研讨。如：行动导向教学法。3、侧重对学生德育教育、思想教育开展论文研究。4、对某一领域的教学调研和调查。
英语毕业论文答辩贴吧
一般来说，在个人陈述的时候介绍一下，why did you choose this topic?然后整个论文的结构，分为几个部分，每个部分的大致内容~~个人陈述的模版网上有，不过还是自己写的好，因为怕其他人也是在网上下的那个模版一般来说，上台介绍自己的姓名，然后指明自己的supervisor是谁，"with his/her constant encouragement,I finished my paper..."等等关于会问到什么问题，就要看你的答辩老师咯~有的老师估计会针对你论文中的某个商标翻译而考你噢，所以要熟悉你论文中作为例子的翻译~~嘿嘿，同是英语专业的我祝你好运啦~~加油~
Well， you will have many questions to answer concerning about your tend to give you questions of the main idea of the ask you to explain some of terms and tectics used in the cases you write. They will also question whether your dissertation can be used in reality . As a matter of fack,teachers will have questions for you in line with the policy of your school. So ,I suggest that you get familiar with your essay .They will probably ask any parts of your dissertation. Well,I'd like to exmplify the regulations of dissertation defence in SHJT Continued Education college .First phase:Brief self - introduction and say hello to phase:narrate what you write in 3 minutes without scripts . Third phase: Teachers ask you questions by turn. The most important stage is don't carry a script and read it because you will never be allowed to read a script. If don't keep the regulations of the school ,you will totally be a loser. Good luck to you. Put more on steam.
看你指的是本科还是研究生论文答辩而异。如果说是本科论文答辩，看你的学校要求，最好问问你的学长，不同的学校要求不一样，但是大部分情况来看，基本上都会让你通过的，至少不会因为答辩不好而不让过，更多的情况是因为写作不好，比如抄袭，比如语言表达太多问题，根本不像英语写作。一般过程是你会有几分钟论文主要内容陈述，然后老师就你的论文问几个问题。通常的问题是你论文的关键词的含义，研究的意义等。对于英语专业来说，关键就是不能说不出话来，说出来的东西要像英语，也就是口语要好。我强调一下，对于英语专业，老师看重的更多是你的英语基础，对于你的科研能力，基本不会强求，也无法强求。总之，弄熟悉自己的论文，练流畅一些口语，老师只要同意你参加答辩了，那就基本OK了，如果说要良好，或者优秀，那就要回答的时候表现好一些（主要指口语好）。
英语毕业论文答辩（通用6篇）
英语的论文答辩要点是格式最好少些瑕疵，提前将abstract和conclusion背一背。有利于答辩的顺利进行。下面是我为大家整理的.关于英语毕业论文的答辩。欢迎大家阅读。
Good morning, all appraiser committee members. I am **** and my supervisor is ***. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is On Transformation of Parts of Speech in Translation. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. Each language has its own special structure. And there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. In order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. So the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in English to Chinese based on different characteristics of English and Chinese. For the above facts, I select the subject of On Transformation of parts of speech as the title of my paper.
I hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in English to Chinese translation. Through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation skills.
The way of thinking and expressing is quite different between Chinese and English. English is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. While Chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often used.
So when we make translation in English to Chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of speech.
Part one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. There are transformed English words into Chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the problems.
Part five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. It is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. In addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation practices.
OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions.
Good morning,
Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.) ：
I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis.
My topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van )The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.
Thank you!
Good evening, all the appraiser committee members. I come from HUST, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. I am xxx and my supervisor is her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole year's hard work, I have finished my paper. Finally, it is the show time. This evening I will present my efforts to you all and I gratefully welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style in A Rose for Emily from a Feminist Perspective. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Firstly, I am fond of literature works , especially gothic literature works. Secondly, I am quite familiar with this short story as this is one of the texts in our intensive teaching course and I have taught this text for more than 3 times . Last but not the least ,as a female , I am keen on the study of feminism. For the above facts, I select the subject of A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style in A Rose for Emily from a Feminist Perspective as the title of my paper.
I hope by studying this short story we can know more about American southern women in certain history and culture and more importantly help women in modern society get a deeper understanding about ourselves ,help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.
Next , I will present it to you. Here is an outline of my presentation. They are literature review, gothic tradition , the gothic style in the story and the causes of the gothic style .
This paper consists of six parts. Part one presents an introduction to the author William Faulkner and A Rose for Emily by pointing out the purpose and significance of this study. Part two is literature review which introduces the relevant research about this novel at home and abroad and then points out the theoretical basis and methods. Part three gives a timeline of the gothic tradition in literature and explains the main characteristics of gothic works. Part four explains the three aspects of the gothic style in the novel，that is, the death theme, grotesque characters and mystic atmosphere. Part five then explains in detail the causes of the gothic style in this novel: patriarchal oppression, the myth of southern ladyhood and Emily’s attitude towards love. Finally, in the conclusion, the author summarizes the previous parts and emphasizes the significance of the argument of the thesis again.
Ok, that's all. Now you may raise your questions ! I am ready! Thank you !
Good morning, appraises committee members and schoolmates. I come from class 08951, and I am Yu Lianfei.
Today, the title of my paper is On the Network Novels. In recent years, the network literature is developing rapidly. Network novel is one of the fast of them. In the middle schools, high schools and even universities, there is no lack of network novels' addicts. For the above facts,I select the subject of “on the network novels” as the title of my paper. Then, I will show it to you. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into four parts, as the concept of network novels, the classification of their authors, the development of network novels and the prospects of that.
The first part, the definition. Its concept can be divided into the generalized and the narrow. And it can also be divided into boys’ and girls’ in another way.
The second part, the classification of their authors. Generally speaking, there are four kinds of authors. The first kind is some people who have favor of literature, they are writing but not for fame. Then, there is some one has favor for literature and also be for fame. The third kind is some people who have explicit goals at the beginning of his writing. And the last kind are some people who just want to express their view, their viewpoint and their feeling with no desire of being published. They take up the most of the authors.
The third part, the development. The network novels’ development can not separate form the development of the net and the literature websites. Its developing process may be divided into three stages approximately. The first stage is from 1996 to 2000. This time's literary work often did not strive for (were also not aware of) the fame and fortune, and moreover received the control of tradition. The second stage is beginning of 21st century, mainly contains 2001 and 2002. In this period, the whole network presented the situation of “chaos”. The third stage is from May, 2003 and continues until now. In this period, many schools come into the world, and when a school became a hit there must be many people mimic it.
The last part, the forecast. Looking from the internal strength pattern, the outstanding writers in our country mainly hold one kind of critique and the pessimistic manner to the network novels at present. If each big literature website enlarges their own supervision, the vulgar works, the pornography and bad works like those things, meanwhile hanker for new person’s new article as well as depth ones, the network novels can be accepted by more people.
Not a low-level novel but a kind of enjoyment.
Teachers, good afternoon! My name is Chen Jing, the students of class xxx, my thesis topic is《 the power of the giver and the victim, foucault power interpretation theory perspective, the heroine in “the golden notebook, Anna》，thesis is completed under Wang Zhiqin teacher of meticulous guidance, here, I express my deep appreciation to my supervisor, to the teachers to take part in my thesis express our heartfelt thanks to you for, and for the past three years I have a chance to listen to the teachings, teachers say heartfelt I will this paper design the research background, significance and main content of the teacher made a report, please the teacher criticism guidance.
First of all, I want to talk about the research background and significance of the graduation thesis design.
Since the Golden Notebook involves comprehensive themes such as colonialism,feminism,racism,communism etc. and due to its severely fragmented writing forms,it has intrigued groups of both domestic and overseas critics. The research abroad could be roughly divided into three stages. The first comes about the biography of the author”],the general introduction and reading background of this novel,then a number of explorations over the themes of this book have been conducted, from the most popular one feminism,psychological featuresto the philosophical elements. Finally, critics shifted their concentration to the unique form or style applied by Lessing,for instance they analyzed the varied narrative techniques employed within ,the aesthetic value it displayed ,as well as its artistic nature generated by its messy it is worth mentioning that in 2006 Tapan has composed a specific collection of reviews on the Golden the study over this novel in foreign country has been quite fruitful and mature, the research in China is far lagging behind, most of them just emphasized the novel's multiplethemes such as feminism,eco-economic,psychology and modemism Thus more angels should be discovered by scholars at home, such as colonialism, religious and psychological exploration, and their research method should be more diversified,for instance,the potential inter-disciplinary study of this novel are waiting to be excavated, and seldomhave critics compared this masterpiece with other similar text.
Based on Foucault's power theory, this thesis is going to explore how the female protagonist Anna in Doris Lessing's the Golden Notebook, the producer and victim of power,fought against her catastrophic life. Through a close reading of the text, this thesis aims at making a Foucanldian interpretation on Lessing's motivation behind portraying such a schizophrenic female personality, convincing the reader that power permeates every capillary of the society mainly by exerting influence on power relations between individual. Sinceeverything concerns with the functioning of power, be it tragedy or comedy, Anna's destiny cannot be an exception, instead of restraining from the one-way suppress from men,Foucault's power theory enables us to put the heroine into a larger, more diverse cultural or social background where individual's identity could be perceived with much more plurality or heterogeneity. Ultimately, given Anna's gender attributes, the application of Foucault's power theory to the analysis of heroine can shed light on how women could wittedly deal with their counterpart, strike a balance between freedom and restriction, and thus heading feminism into a more reasonable and rational direction.
Secondly, I want to talk about the structure and main contents of this paper.
The author is going to divide this thesis into five chapters. The first chapter is a briefing about the research background of the Golden Notebook, which provides an overview on the fragmented content and complicated structure of this masterpiece. The second chapter is an introduction of the research status of this novel at home and abroad, at the same time,Foucault's power theory will be elaborated here as the theoretical framework. Chapter three concentrates on the text analysis of the female protagonist Anna's pursuit of the free woman identity, which will be conducted mainly from three perspectives, namely her political faith,marriage and love, as well we psychological status. Through asserting Foucault's power theory into the text analysis, we could get a clear view on how the heroine became the victim of the omnipresent power in contemporary social organizations, and also how individual resisted power via making explorations on the genealogy of the self. Chapter four gives two different interpretations of Anna's destiny, with each representing the common feminists'view and Foucault's version respectively. Via such comparison, the author attempts to find a correlation between Foucault's power theory and feminism, to tell in what ways Foucault'spower theory have modified parts of problems in current feminism, and how the formal convergent with the latter. The last chapter serves as a concluding part in which a summary of this thesis will be reached, and limitations as well as further implications will be point out.
Finally, I want to talk about the deficiency existing in this paper.
The limitations of this thesis cannot be regarded as the challenge to the relevance of Foucaxxlt's theory to feminism; on the contrary, it tells that the value of applying Foucault'spower theory lies precisely in his invitation to feminists to remain highly critical about their previous prejudices as well as their future trends. In order to make full use of Foucault's power theory in modifying feminism, we have to dig out more convergences they share with each other. With the idea that knowledge and truth are partial ones serving as a start,Genealogy is then an excellent perspective for farther explorations on the Foucauldian and feminist projects.
Thank you very much!
Good morning， Distinguished professors and teachers， ladies and gentlemen， thank you for attending the oral defense. I am XX. First and foremost， I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor， professorXX， for his intellectual guidance， invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis. My topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van )The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative， evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic’s significance in the real society.
And the second part is going to analyze the figures’ background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part， the tragic heroes’ failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society.
Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part， and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part. Thank you!
英语专业毕业论文要英语
只要是英语专业的毕业论文，通常都要用英语写。不过，具体还要看你所在学校或院系的要求。 关于毕业论文，以下是2000年版的《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》的表述： 毕业论文是考察学生综合能力、评 估学业成绩的一个重要方式。毕业论文一般应用英语撰写，长度为3，000-5，000个单词，要求文字通顺、思路…… LZ也可以网上查阅。
是的，必须全英文，但还要有一页中文摘要，具体格式可以参考CNKI中国知网等论文网论文，关于方向：1.英语教育类学生（师范类）：英语教学法，英美文学，语言学等方向，教学法方向最简单，但不容易得到优秀论文好评；2.应用英语类学生（非师范类，可以报考科技英语，导游英语，商务英语，翻译英语等）：不能写教法，科技，导游，翻译，英美文化，语言学，商务写作方向论文等，一般文化方向较容易，雷同论文较多。
基本是这样的。除非那个学校很差很差，才有那么一丝丝可能让你用汉语写毕业论文。只要是稍微好点的学校，英语专业的毕业论文肯定是用英语写的。
当然了，用德文写一般也不行的。不针对楼主，另外，不建议谈论翻译，所有的翻译都是叠床架屋，也就是俗话说的脱裤子放屁费二遍事：没有用2语，2文，学某个特定专业且达到接近水平，根本就不会翻译。还不算翻译理论与技巧。重复学习，就是浪费！
日语毕业论文吧
摘 要：根据传统的日语语法说明，对“动词连用形+ている”句式的基本定义为表示动作现在正在或持续进行的意思。但是笔者发现在实际文章中该句型的语意经常发生时态上的变化，从而对日语初学者造成一定的理解障碍。为此，笔者通过该句型的日英对照阐述了其在不同语境中的语意变化及其变化规律,相信对日语初学者尤其是以日语为第二外语的英语专业人士更好地掌握该句型能够有所帮助。关键词：句型 时态 对应众所周知，在日语中，いる属于叙述性补助动词，它一般接在动词连用形+接续动词的て之后，这就构成了日语中最常见的“ている”句型。在传统的日语语法辞典中对这种句型的基本定义有二：其一是表示某项具体动作的正在进行。那么在这种语意下该句型中的日语动词必须是可持续性动词，例如：にわか雨が降っている。句中动词降る（下落，降落）属于可持续性动词，译为英语则为“It is raining cats and dogs.” 因此在这种情况下日语中“ている”句型与英语中的现在进行时态基本上相对应。其二是表示某种状态的持续。例如：わたしはいま连云港に住んでいる。句中的谓语动词住む是一个表示状态的延续性动词，译为英语则为“I live in lianyungang.”因为在英语当中，“live”本身就表示持续性状态，无须用现在进行时表示，在这种情况下，必须用英语中的一般现在时来对应。通过以上两个例句可以明白:日语中“ている”句型的基本语义大致与英语中的现在进行时态和一般现在时态相对应。为了让读者们更清楚地把握“ている”句型的基本语义与英语中的现在进行时和一般现在时之间的对应关系，现再举以下例句说明：1．この剧场は、いまなにをやっていますか。What play is being shown in the theatre? （这个剧院现在上演着什么剧目呢?）2．ちょっと待っていれば、きっと逢えますわ。Wait a moment and you will meet him. （你若稍稍等一等是一定能见到他的。）3．溢れ出る涙をふきながら、胸の中で母を呼んでいる。She is calling her mother in the mind while wiping out streaming tears. （他擦着抑制不住的泪水，心里在呼唤着妈妈。）通过以上三个例句的英日文比较，我们发现在例句1中的やる属于可持续性动词。一般来讲,这类动词后续ている时、表示该动作的正在进行，在文中表示“正在上演”。所以在日、英对比教学当中我们可以用相应的英语时态与之比较。即“is being shown”例句2中的动词待つ由于是表示延续性状态的动词，所以它的ている形表示保持的状态、而英语中的动词wait本身就是延续性动词。因此该句的谓语动词wait采用一般现在时与之对应。再如例句3中的主句谓语动词よぶ后续ている表示正在执行“呼唤”这项动作，其对应的英语则为is calling somebody.类似的例子还有很多。下面再来看看以下三个例句。4．そこに车のわだちが斜めにとおっていた。（一条车辙斜着通过那里。）5．真昼なのに、电灯がついている。（大白天的，可是电灯还亮着。）6．いつのまにか、お月さまが出ている。（不知不觉月亮已经出来了。）7．窓が开いている。（窗户正开着。）8．池に桥がかかっている。 （池塘上架着一座桥。）很显然，以上三个例句中的日语动词ている形的语意不能用其基本定义进行套译。它们都表示某项动作已经结束，而由这一动作所造成的状态依然存在的意思。那么在这种情况下与其对应的英语时态和句式也要发生相应的变化，即be动词+分词(或介词短语,不定式等)形式。如例4翻译为英语则为：The track of the car was slanted through there. 例5则译为：Although it is daytime, the lamp is still on. 而例6应译为：Unconsciously the moon is out. 同样例7中的动词开く的ている形也表示开着的状态的持续。套用英语中的现在时态即The window is open now (be动词+表语) .这里需要提醒注意的是日语中ている句型表示状态时、要根据英语中的表达习惯、该例句8中的かかっている也是表示桥所处的状态。我们在用英语进行对比时要注意符合英语表达习惯、结合不同的时态进行对应。这里不妨用英语there be句型的一般时来替换、即There is a bridge over the pond.下面再看看以下三个例句的日英对应：9．この工场でつくられた靴は、すぐれている。（这个工厂生产的鞋质量很好。）The shoes made in the factory are excellent in ．わたしが物心のついたとき、もうお母さんの腰がまがっていた。（我刚刚懂事的时候，妈妈已经驼背了。）When I was sensible, my mother had already been ．まだわかいのに、额が少々はげあがってい。（还很年轻呢，却有些拔顶了。）In spite of young age, the head is a little bald.上述三句中的动词+ てい都必须与英语中的be 动词+表语（形容词、副词、分词及介词短语等）对应，原因是日语中有相当一部分动词属于状态性动词。如上句中的すぐれる（优秀）， まがる（弯曲），はげあがる（光秃）从词性上讲都是动词，但它们相当于描述性形容词。所以它们的ている形只能表示事物的客观状态。而在英语中，却没有这类动词，只有形容词，副词，分词及介词短语等可用来表示。在这一点上，汉语和英语是相同的。
说到这儿，笔者还是想说明的是具体情况要具体分析。在上文中笔者虽谈到在不同语境中与日语“ている”句型相对应的英语时态会发生相应的变化的一些基本情况，我们再来看看以下例句：12．あの本なら、わたしは二回も読んでいる。那本书吗，我已经看过两遍了。13．「きみ水俣病患者をみたことがありますか」「ぼくは见ていません」“你见过患水俣病的人吗？”“我没有见过。”先来看看例句12同样是动词的て形+いる，但在该句中的语义发生了变化。由于句中没有表示时间关系的副词，所以只能从文中去理解它的语义。很显然，该句不是指“那本书我正在读两遍。”而是指“那本书我已经读了两遍了。”因此，这里的読んでいる表示的是已经完成的动作或某种动作结束后保持的状态。用英语句式与之对应即为现在完成时，表示读书这项动作结束以后仍然保持对现在的影响。即：Speaking of that book, I have read it twice. 言外之意为：I am so familiar with the content of that book that it is unnecessary for me to read it again. 或者是“That book is so interesting that I have read it twice . I reckon it is worth reading.同样，例句13中的问句意思是：“请问你见过水俣病患者吗？”回答句中的见ていません是见ている的否定敬体形式。那么根据上下文它也是表示某种动作结束以后保持的状态。即：到目前为止我还没有见过。言外之意为因为我还没有见过这类病人，因此我没法谈论这方面的情况。与之相对应的英语时态则为现在完成时态，即：So far I haven’t seen this kind of patient.(I’m not well-informed of this case so I cannot tell something about that.可以说以上类句子中的动词て形+いる表示的是曾经有过某种经历或做过某事。那么以下类似的例句则表示动作已经结束或过程已经完成的意思。14．あさご饭がもうできている。（早饭已经做好了。）Breakfast has been ．きょうの新闻もうよんでいる。（今天的报纸我已看过了。）I have read today’s ．お前が大学生になるとき、わしはもう死んでいるよ。（等你上大学的时候，我已经不在人间了。）When you become a college student, maybe I am ．彼女は三人のおとこの子を产んでいる。（她生了三个男孩。）She has born three boys. Or (she has got three boys.)动词て形+いる除了上述比较常见的语义形式外，还有一些例外的语义形式。18．俺はウィスキーを水で割って饮んでいる。（我总是在威士忌里兑些水喝。）19．日曜日は天気さえよければ、ゴルフをすることにしています。（每逢星期日，只要有个好天气我就去打高尔夫球。）20．わたしはまいとし朝颜を植えている。（我每年都种牵牛花。）在例句18中，动词饮む后续ている再句中不能表示正在进行的动作，结合上下文我们发现它表示的是习惯性的动作或某种行为习惯。意思是“我经常在威士忌中兑些水喝。”与之相对应的英语时态也必须转换为一般现在时态。即：I usually add some water into whisky to drink.而例句19也必须对应为: So long as it is a fine day, I often go to play golf on Sundays.例句20则英译为：I plant morning glory every year. 综上所述，日语中的ている句型在许多场合可以与英语时态中的现在进行时和一般现在时相对应。但是值得注意的是、在转换为英语时还要特别注意要使用适当的句型来替换。比如可使用日语中句型中的谓语成分、还可使用there be句式等进行替换。因此、日语中的“ている”句型在英译过程当中我们要注意与之对应的时态和句式。当然了，只要句子大意明白、合适的英文句型也会自然运用得当。关键是对时态的把握。就笔者以上举例说明在不同的情景中其对应的英文时态是不同的、有现在进行时、一般现在时、完成时态等等。需要补充的是“ている”中的いる在日文中的不同场合也会发生时态的变化。主要形式为后续过去助动词た、即ていた这样也使日语中的时态更呈现出复杂性和多样性。笔者在此也不一一赘述了。下面关于日语中句型与英语时态对应的规律可归纳如下：瞬间性动词如始まる、来る、帰る、行く等后续て形表示动作的完成或完成后的某种状态的持续、相当于英语中的现在完成时态或be动词后续充当表语的一般现在时态。延续性动词（包括日语的自动词、他动词）的て形表示某项动作的正在进行、或某种状态的持续，与英语中的现在进行时态或一般现在时态对应。需要指出的是、日语和英语是两门不同体系的语言，在某些语言点的界定方面的判别标准是不同的。以动词为例、有些动作或变动在英语中看作是持续性的意思，而在日语中却看作是瞬间性的，有时两种语言正好相反。如：谁か死んでいる相应的英译并不是someone is dying,而是someone is dead.而英语中一些表示状态的动词，日语中必须用ている的形式表示。如英语是live in Nagoya.这样、通过对语言材料的观察、对比、分析和归纳，会加深理解与印象，从而增加学习日语的兴趣，减少记忆时的枯燥性，同时在科学的思维方法上也会受到锻炼。总之、通过日语中句型与英语时态的对比教学，既可以突出单词又可以突出语法，在对比当中学生在教师引导下不仅可以在整句中突出某一部分，而且因为自己开动了脑筋，学习会更深刻、更牢固。[
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