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英美文化论文答辩

发布时间:2024-07-04 05:43:25

英美文化论文答辩

当然要用全英文。根据你自己的兴趣写论文更好些,因为论文答辩较容易些。

林语堂先生有篇散文,叫做《中国人与英国人》。你读一读,会对你有启发的,我个人认为,他老人家写得相当好!!你看完就不愁立提纲了,自己写出一篇好论文不是很好嘛!!!

步骤一:选题 英语专业的论文的选题很重要,选对了题,接下来的写作就会很顺利,否则不然。 步骤二:开题报告 要给自己的论文拟定一个标题,然后给这个标题构思一个主题,也就是整篇论文到底在讲什么,要论述什么英语专业本科毕业论文怎么写英语专业本科毕业论文怎么写。接着,构思自己文章的大致框架,也就是提纲。 步骤三:正文(重点) 1.开题报告确定之后,就要开始论文正文部分的写作了。开始写正文之前还有一个小插曲,那就是摘要部分的写作。 2.英语论文写作对原创性有一定的要求,一般是直接引用的内容不得超过30% 论文一定要自己动手写,不然答辩的时候就会一头雾水。

:现在本科学历,如果能找人进事业单位,还是可以的,如果是到普通公司打工,基本老板看的都是实际能力,能为公司带来什么效益,对学历要求不是那么严格。

先不要着急。 论文答辩的时候,给5分钟自述只是一个形式上的要求。通常不会有人非得要求你一定要讲足5分钟的。那些老师通常不会太认真听滴...:) 非要凑够5分钟的话,就说你的写作原由,内容提要,主要观点什么的,最重要的是,你要说说文中你认为的亮点。

我发表英文文章的个人经验 (1)多看专业核心外文期刊的相关文章,向别人学习相关的写作,包括单词、语句,甚至是段落和文章结构。比如老外写的前言部分,往往都进行了综合归纳,如果我们看到这样的文章,一定要多多拜读。 (2)注意文章的逻辑性,打算投往高级别的国际期刊更是如此。一些国外编辑和审稿人对中国人写的文章存在一种怀疑的态度,因此我们自身的文章必须具有足够的事实证据,推理严密,只有这样才能够“打动”编辑和审稿人的心。 (4)写文章一定要有自己的新观点或者新的idea,不能是大量实验数据的堆砌。老外一般喜欢对数据进行深入分析。记住文章是交流学术思想的,不是交流实验工作量的。 (5)注意英语语言。这不可能在一夜之间有质的飞越,但是平时多积累是绝对有益处的,当然如果请国外的朋友或者在国外留学多年的朋友帮着修改语言,那是最好不过的了。 (6)其他需要注意的小地方: A:严格遵循“作者须知”的规定,尊重拟投稿期刊所惯用的论文结构,特别注意图表的位置(一些期刊要求图表在文中,一些则要求图表放在文字部分之后),投稿的份数要足够,重视稿件给编辑和审稿人的“第一印象”。 B:核对通讯作者详细的通信地址、E-mail地址、电话号码、传真号码等。 C:务必遵照期刊的要求将稿件投寄给指定的收稿人或收稿单位(期刊的编辑部、编委会、主编、执行编委或助理编辑)。 D:与编辑部联系的所有信件(包括磁盘、打印稿或复印件等),都应标注联系作者的姓名。

专业原创代写,需要联系

自考本科段英语论文的标准应该和全日制英语本科论文相同,但老师会酌情放宽给分,毕竟自考和全日制水平会有点差别。 中英文题目,中英文摘要,中英文关键词, 英文正文, 7000字以上。加reference。 具体格式可参考网上的MIA论文格式。

我不是自己写的,找脚印论文网写的,又不贵,还能节约点时间泡妞呢。哈哈

有文学方面,翻译学方面,教学法方面的。自己选一个方向,再定题目,写开提报告,再找资料啥的。

有五个方向 英语教学方向 语言学方向 英美文学 英美文化 翻译方向

毕业论文无论在内容或形式上都有一定的要求,这也是考核论文成绩的基本依据之一。关于毕业论文写作的具体要求,在以后的有关章节中将作详细论述,这里先说说毕业论文写作的一些原则要求。 一、坚持理论联系实际的原则 撰写毕业论文必须坚持理论联系实际的原则。理论研究,特别是社会科学的研究必须为现实服务,为社会主义现代化建设服务,为两个文明建设服务。理论来源于实践,又反作用于实践。科学的理论对实践有指导作用,能通过人们的实践活动转化为巨大的物质力量。科学研究的任务就在于揭示事物运动的规律性,并用这种规律性的认识指导人们的实践,推动社会的进步和发展。因此,毕业论文在选题和观点上都必须注重联系社会主义现代化建设的实际,密切注视社会生活中出现的新情况、新问题。 坚持理论研究的现实性,做到理论联系实际,就必须迈开双脚,深入实际,进行社会调查研究。这也是我们正确认识社会的基本途径。人们只有深入到实际中去,同客观事物广泛接触,获得大量的感性材料,然后运用科学的逻辑思维方法,对这些材料进行去粗取精,去伪存真,由此及彼,由表及里的加工制作,才能从中发现有现实意义而又适合自己研究的新课题。在我国改革开放的实践中,新情况、新问题、新经验层出不穷,需要研究的问题遍布社会的方方面面,只要我们对现实问题有浓厚的兴趣和高度的敏感性,善于捕捉那些生动而具有典型性的现实材料,通过深入的思考和研究,就能从中引出有利于社会主义现代化建设的规律性认识,提高毕业论文的价值。当然撰写毕业论文可选择的课题十分广泛,并不只限于现实生活中的问题,也可以研究专业基本理论,中西方比较研究等。但无论选择什么研究课题,都必须贯彻理论联系实际的原则,做到古为今用,洋为中用,从历史的研究中吸取有益于现实社会发展的经验教训,从对外国的研究中,借鉴其成功经验和失败的教训,或为我国的对外政策提供某些依据。 贯彻理论联系实际的原则和方法,必须认真读书,掌握理论武器。 *** 同志指出:“强调联系实际,绝不意味着否定读书的重要,恰恰相反,更要认真地读,反复地读,深钻苦研,做到真正读懂弄通。否则,没有掌握理论,怎么谈得上理论联系实际?”(《求是》杂志1989年第24期)认真读书包括两个方面的内容,一是学好专业课,具备专业基础知识。这是写好毕业论文的前提和必要条件。经验告诉我们,只有具备了相应水平的知识积累,才能理解一定深度的学术问题;同时,也只有具备了某一特定的知识结构,才能对某学科中的问题进行研究。正如黑格尔所说,在讨论学术问题之前,必须“先有具备某种程度的知识”,否则,“没有凭借作为讨论出发的根据,于是他们只能徘徊于模糊空疏以及毫无意义的情况中”。(小逻辑》第三版序言)二是要认真学习马克思主义的基本原理,学会运用马克思主义的立场、观点和方法分析问题、解决问题。马克思主义正确地揭示了自然界、人类社会和思维发展的最一般规律,成为无产阶级和革命人民认识世界和改造世界的强大思想武器。马克思主义作为伟大的认识工具,虽然并不直接提供解决各种具体问题的答案,但它对我们如何正确地发现问题,分析和解决问题提供了正确的立场、观点和方法,因此,大学毕业生在撰写毕业论文时,应当努力学习和掌握马克思主义基本理论,自觉地用马克思主义的立场、观点和方法来指导毕业论文的写作。 二、立论要科学,观点要创新 (一)立论要科学 毕业论文的科学性是指文章的基本观点和内容能够反映事物发展的客观规律。文章的基本观点必须是从对具体材料的分析研究中产生出来,而不是主观臆想出来的。科学研究作用就在于揭示规律,探索真理,为人们认识世界和改造世界开拓前进的道路。判断一篇论文有无价值或价值之大小,首先是看文章观点和内容的科学性如何。 文章的科学性首先来自对客观事物的周密而详尽的调查研究。掌握大量丰富而切合实际的材料,使之成为“谋事之基,成事之道”。 2 毕业论文写作的基本要求 其次,文章的科学性通常取决于作者在观察、分析问题时能否坚持实事求是的科学态度。在科学研究中,既不容许夹杂个人的偏见,又不能人云亦云,更不能不着边际地凭空臆想,而必须从分析出发,力争做到如实反映事物的本来面目。 再次,文章是否具有科学性,还取决于作者的理论基础和专业知识。写作毕业论文是在前人成就的基础上,运用前人提出的科学理论去探索新的问题。因此,必须准确地理解和掌握前人的理论,具有广博而坚实的知识基础。如果对毕业论文所涉及领域中的科学成果一无所知,那就根本不可能写出有价值的论文。 (二)观点要创新 毕业论文的创新是其价值所在。文章的创新性,一般来说,就是要求不能简单地重复前人的观点,而必须有自己的独立见解。学术论文之所以要有创新性,这是由科学研究的目的决定的。从根本上说,人们进行科学研究就是为了认识那些尚未被人们认识的领域,学术论文的写作则是研究成果的文字表述。因此,研究和写作过程本身就是一种创造性活动。从这个意义上说,学术论文如果毫无创造性,就不成其为科学研究,因而也不能称之为学术论文。毕业论文虽然着眼于对学生科学研究能力的基本训练,但创造性仍是其着力强调的一项基本要求。 当然,对学术论文特别是毕业论文创造性的具体要求应作正确的理解。它可以表现为在前人没有探索过的新领域,前人没有做过的新题目上做出了成果;可以表现为在前人成果的基础上作进一步的研究,有新的发现或提出了新的看法,形成一家之言3也可以表现为从一个新的角度,把已有的材料或观点重新加以概括和表述。文章能对现实生活中的新问题作出科学的说明,提出解决的方案,这自然是一种创造性;即使只是提出某种新现象、新问题,能引起人们的注意和思考,这也不失为一种创造性。国家科委成果局在1983年3月发布的《发明奖励条例》中指出:“在科学技术成就中只有改造客观世界的才是发明,……至于认识客观世界的科学成就,则是发现。”条例中对“新”作了明确规定:“新”是指前人所没有的。凡是公知和公用的,都不是“新”。这些规定,可作为我们衡量毕业论文创造性的重要依据。 根据《条例》所规定的原则,结合写作实践,衡量毕业论文的创造性,可以从以下几个具体方面来考虑: (1)所提出的问题在本专业学科领域内有一定的理论意义或实际意义,并通过独立研究,提出了自己一定的认识和看法。 (2)虽是别人已研究过的问题,但作者采取了新的论证角度或新的实验方法,所提出的结论在一定程度上能够给人以启发。 (3)能够以自已有力而周密的分析,澄清在某一问题上的混乱看法。虽然没有更新的见解,但能够为别人再研究这一问题提供一些必要的条件和方法。 (4)用较新的理论、较新的方法提出并在一定程度上解决了实际生产、生活中的问题,取得一定的效果。或为实际问题的解决提供新的思路和数据等。 (5)用相关学科的理论较好地提出并在一定程度上解决本学科中的问题。 (6)用新发现的材料(数据、事实、史实、观察所得等)来证明已证明过的观点。 科学研究中的创造性要求对前人已有的结论不盲从,而要善于独立思考,敢于提出自己的独立见解,敢于否定那些陈旧过时的结论,这不仅要有勤奋的学习态度,还必须具有追求真理、勇于创新的精神。要正确处理继承与创新的关系,任何创新都不是凭空而来的,总是以前人的成果为基础。因此,我们要认真地学习、研究和吸收前人的成果。但是这种学习不是不加分析地生吞活剥,而是既要继承,又要批判和发展。 三、论据要翔实,论证要严密 (一)论据要翔实 一篇优秀的毕业论文仅有一个好的主题和观点是不够的,它还必须要有充分、翔实的论据材料作为支持。旁征博引、多方佐证,是毕业论文有别于一般性议论文的明显特点。一般性议论文,作者要证明一个观点,有时只需对一两个论据进行分析就可以了,而毕业论文则必须以大量的论据材料作为自己观点形成的基础和确立的支柱。作者每确立一个观点,必须考虑:用什么材料做主证,什么材料做旁证;对自己的观点是否会有不同的意见或反面意见,对他人持有的异议应如何进行阐释或反驳。毕业论文要求作者所提出的观点、见解切切实实是属于自己的,而要使自己的观点能够得到别人的承认,就必须有大量的、充分的、有说服力的理由来证实自己观点的正确。 3 毕业论文写作的基本要求 毕业论文的论据要充分,还须运用得当。一篇论文中不可能也没有必要把全部研究工作所得,古今中外的事实事例、精辟的论述、所有的实践数据、观察结果、调查成果等全部引用进来,而是要取其必要者,舍弃可有可无者。论据为论点服务,材料的简单堆积不仅不能证明论点,强有力地阐述论点,反而给人以一种文章拖咨、杂乱无章、不得要领的感觉。因而在已收集的大量材料中如何选择必要的论据显得十分重要。一般来说,要注意论据的新颖性、典型性、代表性,更重要的是考虑其能否有力地阐述观点。 毕业论文中引用的材料和数据,必须正确可靠,经得起推敲和验证,即论据的正确性。具体要求是,所引用的材料必须经过反复证实。第一手材料要公正,要反复核实,要去掉个人的好恶和想当然的推想,保留其客观的真实。第二手材料要究根问底,查明原始出处,并深领其意,而不得断章取义。引用别人的材料是为自己的论证服务,而不得作为篇章的点缀。在引用他人材料时,需要下一番筛选、鉴别的功夫,做到准确无误。写作毕业论文,应尽量多引用自己的实践数据、调查结果等作为佐证。如果文章论证的内容,是作者自己亲身实践所得出的结果,那么文章的价值就会增加许多倍。当然,对于掌握知识有限、实践机会较少的大学生来讲,在初次进行科学研究中难免重复别人的劳动,在毕业论文中较多地引用别人的实践结果、数据等,在所难免。但如果全篇文章的内容均是间接得来的东西的组合,很少有自己亲自动手得到的东西,那也就完全失去了写作毕业论文的意义。 (二)论证要严密 论证是用论据证明论点的方法和过程。论证要严密、富有逻辑性,这样才能使文章具有说服力。从文章全局来说,作者提出问题、分析问题和解决问题,要符合客观事物的规律,符合人们对客观事物认识的程序,使人们的逻辑程序和认识程序统一起来,全篇形成一个逻辑整体。从局部来说,对于某一问题的分析,某一现象的解释,要体现出较为完整的概念、判断、推理的过程。 毕业论文是以逻辑思维为主的文章样式,它诉诸理解大量运用科学的语体,通过概念、判断、推理来反映事物的本质或规律,从已知推测未知,各种毕业论文都是采用这种思维形式。社会科学论文往往是用已知的事实,采取归纳推理的形式,求得对未知的认识。要使论证严密,富有逻辑性,必须做到:(1)概念判断准确,这是逻辑推理的前提;(2)要有层次、有条理的阐明对客观事物的认识过程;(3)要以论为纲,虚实结合,反映出从“实”到“虚”,从“事”到“理”,即由感性认识上升到理性认识的飞跃过程。 此外,撰写毕业论文还应注意文体式样的明确性、规范性。学术论文、调查报告、科普读物、可行性报告、宣传提纲等都各有自己的特点,在写作方法上不能互相混同。

提纲可以采用下面方面存在差异作为论点:价值观念、思维方式、道德标准、社交礼仪、文化习俗等,论据如下点:1>这些差异势必影响,形成不同的文化规约和说话规约。2>行为举止的区别。从服饰上看, 英国人讲究绅士风度,西装革履,皮鞋锃亮。有的英国女士接待黄皮肤朋友时,专门涂抹上黄色面霜,以表示对朋友的亲近和尊重。留学英伦的学子当然不敢怠慢,西装也同样挺括,领带领结也丝毫不差。什么场合穿戴什么,如何化妆,也亦步亦趋。美国人可方便多了,近几年,美国流行大花裤衩,校内校外,老老少少,都少不了它的影子。3> 一个最大的不同就是英国是一个古老的国家,相反,美国是一个年轻的国家。4>美国人考虑未来,而英国人更看中过去。因为英国人觉得对于一个有着悠久历史的国家来讲,过去是美好的。5>观念态度上的。在英国仍然有残存的等级观念。残存的阶级、等级。与之不同的是,在美国等级观念是建立在经济基础上的,更多的是根据你的工作和收入决定的。英国人眼中的等级是建立在你的家族背景基础上的,人们关心的是你的来头儿而不是你的工作。

英美文化论文答辩结果

中文摘要性别歧视在不同的社会制度和国家中都不同程度地存在。而作为一种普遍的社会现象,自然会在语言中得到折射。本文介绍了英语中的性别歧视语的种种表现形式,分析了这种现象产生的社会原因和文化根源,并总结了在英语语言运用过程中消除性别歧视的方法,男女一视同仁,但语言是文化的载体,并在人们不断使用的过程中逐渐得到丰富和发展。作为一个地区,一个民族约定俗成的一种表达方式,语言必然会反映出一定的社会价值观念和民族思维方式。性别歧视是以性别为基础而产生的一种社会歧视现象,«朗曼英语词典»对“性别歧视”的解释是:“以性别为基础的歧视,尤其是男性对女性的偏见。《美国传统字典》的定义是“一种性别成员对另一性别成员,尤其是男性对女性的歧视”。虽然它可以表现为男性对女性的歧视,也可以表现为女性对男性的歧视。但是“性别歧视”通常是对女性的歧视,是人们对女性的偏见和男女社会地位不平等的反映。“女性长期以来被看作是theweakersex/thesecondsex,是男性的陪衬和附属品。即使在标榜人权,平等的西方发达国家中也是如此。而现代女权运动轰轰烈烈的发展形势正是对这一不平等现象的反抗和反映。”【1】(P80)从而在语言中,出现了多种多样的性别歧视语,英语也不例外。一、性别歧视语言现象人际称谓亲昵称谓在西方,男性上司称呼他们的女性下属时可以用一些表示亲密关系的昵称,如sugar,darling,sweetie,girlie;反过来,女性下属却不能用这些昵称来称呼她们的上司,而且女性上司也不能如此来称呼她们的男性职员,可是,生疏男子或非亲密关系的男子却可用昵称来称呼女子,这说明在英美社会女性比男性社会地位低,受到的尊重比男性少。【2】(P74)姓名称谓在西方,女子婚前一般用父姓,婚后改用丈夫的姓,例如:在西方婚礼上,新郎新娘步入教堂时,牧师公布:“Inowpronounceyoumanandwife。”“婚后的男子依旧是man,而婚后的女子则由Miss变成了wife这种现象不乏女权主义者和职业妇女。”【2】(P74)当时的美国总统BillClinton的夫人HilaryRodhamon也在为自己的,即支持已婚女性不仅应当标注夫姓,而且只应当标注夫姓,而不应继续标注父姓。尽管HilaryRodhamon本人是一位女权运动者,但她还是把自己的名字根据丈夫和自己的政治需要,先从HilaryRodhamon改为HilaryRodhamonClinton,最后改为HilaryClinton。但是,不管怎么改,都不能超出如下选择:要么跟父亲姓,要么跟丈夫姓。这种以丈夫的姓冠之于前的称呼,表明妇女出嫁后就成了丈夫的私有财产,是属于丈夫的,因此无法得到与丈夫平等的权利。未婚女性用Miss冠以父姓,已婚的用Mrs。或Lady冠以丈夫的姓氏。指代称谓1)提到男女双方时,双方不是处于平等地位,而是男先女后。Kingandqueen,brotherandsister,fatherandmother,boysandgirls,husbandandwife,AdamandEve,manandwoman,Mr。LucasandhiswifeLouise。2)。一些形式上没有男性标志的词意,人们习惯上把它们当作是男性词看待。英语及其它讲英语国家的人习惯认为professor,doctor,lawyer,surgeon,barrister,magistrate等为男性,当我们听到有人说:Mycousinisaprofessor时,多数人会断定professor为男性。若要说明这些词是女性的,一般可在前面加上woman,lady,female等 修饰语。如:womanprofessor,ladydoctor,femaleworker等,这些所谓的中性词的用法从一个侧面反映出旧社会中地位较高的职业为男子所垄断,相反地teacher,nurse,secretary,model等人们一般认为是女性,如为男性时前面要加上male或是man,如:malenurse,manteacher。这些习惯除了历史现实情况有关,也可以说是一种社会偏见。词语发展首先,表面上对应的词,含义却往往褒男贬女在英语中往往通过对女性名词的恶化来达到性别歧视的目的。几乎所有的女性名词都带有贬义,如queen,lady,mistress,madam等,其贬义为“雌猫”、“情妇”、以及“鸨母”等,而与之对应的king,lord,master,father等词,如将他们的起首字母大写即可升格为“上帝”、“基督”、“主”、“神”等意义。其次,英语中常用一些动物的名称来指称某些女性。比如:bat(贱妇,丑妇,妓女);dog(丑妇,贱妇,没有成就的女人,妓女);chicken(见面熟的年轻女人);cat(恶妇,包藏祸心的女人,可卑的女人);cow(子女多的女人,肥胖而不整洁的女人,经常怀孕的女人,妓女);mutton(放荡的女人,做少女妆扮的老妇女,妓女)。并且,英语中还有一些带有轻视色彩,专指中老年妇女的词汇。比如:trot(老太婆);hen(爱管闲事或嘴碎的中年妇女);warhorse(粗声大气,肥胖固执的女人);crone(干瘪皱皮的老太婆);hag(爱做坏事的老丑妇);witch(老丑妇);biddy(长舌妇);harridan(面容枯槁,脾气急躁的老妇)。谚语运用理性类宋朝黄六鸿《福惠全书,弄名部》载:“妇人水性杨花,焉得不为所动”,诋毁女子“用情不专”,“缺乏理性”,在英语中就有相类似的谚语。Longhairandshortwit。(头发长,见识短) Whenanassclimbsaladder,wemayfindwisdominwomen。(若要女子有才智,除非毛驴攀上树)言及女子“感情游移”“二三其德”的有:Awoman’smindandwinterwindchangealot。>Women,windandfortuneareeverchanging。>婚嫁类Afairfaceishalfaportion。Whenthecandlesareout,allwomenarefair。Daughtersanddeadfisharenokeepingwares。>Marryyoursonwhenyouwill,yourdaughterwhenyoucan。>Therearemanygoodwomen,it’strue;buttheyareintheirgraves。>Hethathasawhitehorseandafairwifeneverwantstrouble。>性情类一代文豪莎士比亚曾云:“弱者,你的名字是女人”弱女子的典型形象特征是“泪水涟涟”。Womanismadetoweep。(女子生来好哭)Nothingdriessofastasawoman’stears。>Womanismadeofglass。>Glassandlassesarebrittlewares。>职业中的性别歧视许多表示职业的名词,如engineer,pilot,scientist,writer,doctor,pilot,scientist,engineer,pilot等对男女都适用,本来是中性词汇,本身没有性的区别。“由于历史上男性长期占据社会主导地位,人们习惯把它们与男性联系起来。”【3】(P210)如要非凡指女性从事相同职业时,往往在前面加上female,womanlady,从而使女性职业名词在外在的形式上呈现出“有标志性”,如womandoctor,femalepilot,womanscientist,womanlawyer等。而行业名称冠以男性标记反而不符合语言习惯,但男保姆、男护士除外。只有一些地位较底的职业,如nurse,secretary等,传统上让人联想到女性,而与男性无缘。这种习惯除了与历史和现实有关,也可以说是一种性别歧视。二、英语语言中性别歧视现象产生的原因、历史原因在西方文化传统中,男性一直被认为富于创造力。在《圣经》里,创造世界的耶和华为男性,而耶和华创造的亚当亦是男性,亚当的妻子夏娃只不过是亚当一条肋骨的衍化物,这一传统观念就把创造力固定在男人身上,后人便有了“男性的特质是创造力的天赋”的说法。并且在圣经《创世纪》关于上帝造人的神话成了语言起源学说的联想依据。“在他们看来,既然上帝造了亚当这天下第一个男人,语言中的“性”范畴就应将阳性置于首位。假如把两者的顺序颠倒过来,就不符合语言习惯。”【4】(P132)英语语法并没有规定“先男后女”的语序,但人们在长期的言语习惯中,大都以男为先,女为后,女性只能是跟随在男性后面的第二性别。男先女后的语序是如此常见,以至于反过来如说womanandman,sheorhe等则会令人感到不习惯。、社会原因性别歧视的根源可以追溯到史前时代男女所扮演的性别角色。由于男性的肌肉比女性肌肉发达,又不生育,于是他们担当起打猎、耕作的角色,妇女体弱、要生育,所以负责照顾孩子、料理家庭、采集食物等。那时,男女角色虽然不同,但还没有一方价值高于另一方的观念。“随着社会生产力的不断发展,男子逐渐从事更多的农业生产活动,占据了主导地位,妇女的地位随供给食物能力的降低而下降。”【5】(P113)到了中世纪时期,妇女由于能生养孩子,能为土地所有者生养合法继续人,她们成了地主丈夫的宝贵财产。为了使妇女处于这样的地位,统治者便借助法律令女性屈服和受制于丈夫,于是,各种约束妇女的各种社会规范和习俗开始形成。在漫长的父系社会里,妇女地位低下,依附男性,受制于男性,这种观念逐渐根深蒂固,被人们视为理所当然。直到二十世纪,妇女的地位有了很大的改善,但是社会化偏见是在社会化的过程中,通过社会群体,父母,亲友,伙伴的言传身教和大众传媒获得的。人们对女性的歧视和偏见也是从父母,亲友或群体的交往中直接获得的,或通过大众传媒获得的。在英语中,受传统观念的影响,对女性的语言歧视已经成为了一种恶性循环。比如,人们一看到或听到“virgin”和“prostitute”这两个词,首先想到的就是“处女”和“妓女”的意思,而很少想到它们还分别可用于指“处男”和“男娼”。、生理原因记的有人写道:在医院的育婴室里,每个刚出生的婴儿的小床上都有说明性别的标记,上面清楚写着:“Iamaboy”或“Itisagirl”。这里男孩的称呼是I,而女孩却用it。在婴儿还不知道什么是语言时,而在他们的身上已深深打上了文化和语言的印记。在英语中用男性物主代词his指代包括女性在内的任何人的现象也不胜枚举。例如Haseveryonecompletedhisassignment?还有Everyoneshoulddohisbestontheexam。这里的his已经包括了女性在内。虽然女性享有就业、选举、教育等等同男性一样的权利,然而女性仍然处于社会的边缘,被认为是“弱者”(theweakersex)和“他者”(theother);男性始终占据主导地位。”【6】(P210)根据1980年的联合国统计,男性拥有世界资源的99%,而女性拥有的资源不到1%。“因此说,对女性的歧视与偏见有长期的社会历史根源。”【6】(P219)三、消除英语语言中性别歧视的方法随着社会的发展和妇女社会地位的不断提高,尤其是随着美国女权运动的高涨,消除语言中的性别歧视的呼声越来越高。这其中核心问题有两个:如何直接剔除语言中的性别歧视词;如何消除第三人称代词泛指而引起的性别歧视问题。我们从英语性别歧视词的转换方式和如何选用恰当的人称代词来消除性别歧视问题的对策这几个方面来进行介绍和讨论。、性别歧视词转换成无性别歧视词的方法1尽量使用那些包括两性在内的词,即无性别歧视词,女性不能只作为女性说话,男性也不能只作为男性说话。要走出性歧视的误区,出路在于语言的中性化.

这个各个学校会有差别的,一般情况下是会做个PPT什么的,老师手中会拿着你提前弄好的论文,然后你用几分钟的时间大概的想想论文的内容,然后他们会对你的论文提出一些问题。会答的你当然就好对付了,如果不会答的话,千万别紧张,你可以所答非所问,随便说些什么的,只要是围着你论文的就好,千万别说这个不知道,那个不会的。不要在势气上输了,我当时学位论文就有一个问题这样蒙过去的。

中美文化差异论文答辩

一般来说老师不会问很偏门的问题的。1, 你认为造成中美家庭观念不同的根源原因是什么?(可以回答历史啊,文化啦什么的)2, 你认为差异会造成家庭中未成年人成长的什么问题?(美国就是暴力,早熟,之类的吧,中国就是中庸,服从,反叛期之类的吧····)3, 你是怎么取得你的数据的?你平时从哪里知道这些案例的?(图书馆,杂志,上网什么的)4, 你比较倾向那种家庭观?卤煮我可是老师哦~

首先会提:你是如何了解美式家庭教育的呢?我觉得你写这文章一定用了文献法,所谓的文献法不是写了文献综述就是文献法,而是查询了很多相关的书来总结资料。写论文几点问题:用了什么研究工具?写这论文的目的在yu ?你写的貌似有点大,你是家庭教育的哪一方面的对比?家庭教育有很多方面,比如教育方式上的对比,教育内容选择上的对比等等,请问你写的是哪一方面??

1,请您谈一下人民币升值的影响,高/低档车是什么样的?为什么呢? 2,您认为人民币升值对汽车行业的影响是长期或临时的吗? 3,如果你是开车的人会考虑人民币升值的因素?如果是这样,那么你具体考虑? 4,你认为人民币升值对中国汽车行业的销售和生产部门的影响呢?为什么呢? 5,请您谈一下人民币升值的影响,对汽车行业的具体路径? 6,与实例,谈论一个国家的货币的货币,国内汽车行业的影响是什么?

只要一直在说不停顿就没问题 不要结结巴巴的 你说什么评审都不会关心 他们只要你说的流畅

英语文化论文答辩

英语毕业的论文答辩稿(精选6篇)

毕业论文答辩是一种有组织、有准备、有计划、有鉴定的比较正规的审查论文的重要形式。为了搞好毕业论文答辩,在举行答辩会前,校方、答辩委员会、答辩者(撰写毕业论文的作者)三方都要作好充分的准备。下面是我整理的英语毕业的论文答辩稿(精选6篇),欢迎大家分享。

Good evening, all the appraiser committee members. I come from HUST, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. I am xxx and my supervisor is . With her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole year's hard work, I have finished my paper. Finally, it is the show time. This evening I will present my efforts to you all and I gratefully welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style.

I hope by studying this short story we can know more about American southern women in certain history and culture and more importantly help women in modern society get a deeper understanding about ourselves ,help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.

Next , I will present it to you. Here is an outline of my presentation. They are literature review, gothic tradition , the gothic style in the story and the causes of the gothic style .

This paper consists of six parts. Part one presents an introduction to the author William Faulkner and A Rose for Emily by pointing out the purpose and significance of this study. Part two is literature review which introduces the relevant research about this novel at home and abroad and then points out the theoretical basis and methods. Part three gives a timeline of the gothic tradition in literature and explains the main characteristics of gothic works. Part four explains the three aspects of the gothic style in the novel,that is, the death theme, grotesque characters and mystic atmosphere. Part five then explains in detail the causes of the gothic style in this novel: patriarchal oppression, the myth of southern ladyhood and Emily’s attitude towards love. Finally, in the conclusion, the author summarizes the previous parts and emphasizes the significance of the argument of the thesis again.

Ok, that's all. Now you may raise your questions ! I am ready! Thank you !

晚上好,所有的评估委员会成员。我来自HUST,主修外国语言学和应用语言学。我是xxx,我的主管是教授。 xxx。凭着她的真诚和智慧的指导,近一年的辛苦工作,我已经完成了我的论文。最后,这是展示时间。今天晚上,我将向大家致以衷心的感谢,我衷心地欢迎您的加入。

我的论文的标题是哥特式风格的研究

我希望通过研究这个短小的故事,我们可以在某些历史和文化中更多地描述美国南方妇女,更多地要求帮助现代社会的妇女对自己有一个广泛的了解,帮助我们提高我的独立性和信心,并更多地关注我们的心理健康该

接下来,我将向您介绍。这是我演讲的大纲。他们是文学评论,哥特式传统,哥特式风格的故事和哥特风格的原因。

本文由六部分组成。第一部分提出了作者威廉·福克纳(William Faulkner)和艾米莉·艾丝丽(A Rose)的作者,指出了这项研究的目的.和意义。第二部分是文献综述,对国内外这本小说进行了相关研究,并指出了理论依据和方法。第三部分给出了小说中哥特式传统的时间表,即死亡主题,独特的人物和神秘的气氛。部分原因,详细介绍了这本小说中哥特式风格的原因:父权制的压迫,南方女士的神话和艾米莉对爱情的态度。最后,在结论中,笔者对以前的部分进行了梳理,再次强调了论文论证的意义。

好的,就是这样。现在你可以提出你的问题!我准备好了!谢谢 !

Good morning,

Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.) :

I am Wu Lin. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professor Hu Anjiang, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis.

My topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van Winkle).

The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic’s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures’ background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes’ failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.

Thank you!

good afternoon, all appraiser committee members. i am xxxx and my supervisor is xxx. with her constant encouragement and guidance, i have finished my paper. now, it is the show time. i will present my efforts to you and welcome any title of my paper is on transformation of parts of speech in translation. i choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. each language has its own special structure. and there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. in order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. so the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in english to chinese based on different characteristics of english and chinese. for the above facts, i select the subject of“on transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in english to chinese translation. through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation way of thinking and expressing is quite different between chinese and english. english is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. while chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often when we make translation in english to chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of , it is an outline of my paper. in the main part of this paper, i divide it into five one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. there are transformed english words into chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. it is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. in addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation ! that is all. thank you!

stant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it's show time. You and I will work hard to welcome any topic of my thesis is 《Angela carter to mythology research - the female archetype in “new eve passion”, for example》。 I choose this as my topic due to the following Carter (1940-1992) is an outstanding feminist writer whose influence on Britishwomen's writing was “pivotal in this opening and transformation” [“23]. The year 2014 represents the 22”^ anniversary of Angela Carter's death. In those twenty-two years, her works have been widely taught internationally and brought about much critical debate. In a survey conducted by Cristina Bacchilega and Danielle M. Roemer [2],Carter is one of the most commonly taught women writers on North American programs. She has endowed us with an amazingly large number of legacies in her comparatively limited life, setting foot in various fields such as novels,short stories,children stories, dramas, non-fictions and so on. The acute observations with great insights,as well as the devastating wit and poignant mockery in Carter's works have made her stand out as an iconic figure in English literature. Many scholars and critics have devoted themselves to the research on Angela Carter from many perspectives,including gothic, magic realism, feminism,post-modernism and so on. As a prolific writer who is always ready to blur the boundaries between different genres, Carter has left us a wonderful world to delve the emergence of western women's movement as well as the development of feminist criticism in the 1960s,the feminist approach has become a potent weapon for those who are concerned with the emancipation and legal rights of women. Though women's social status has considerably improved due to the contribution made by countless predecessors,the fundamental problem still lingers on. Carter, with her versatile and avant-garde reputation, is best known as a feminist writer. Concerning the dilemmas and predicaments faced by women nowadays,it is very necessary for us to probe into her insightful and penetrating reflections on femininity as well as the relationship between two genders. The Passion of New Eve, as one of Carter's most representative works, is of great value in the research of her feminist thoughts and , is my paper outline. In the main part of this article, I put it into five one is an introduction to the thesis, covering the research background, theobjective and significance as well as the organization of the two presents a broad picture of Angela Carter's life and her works, as well as the background information about The Passion of New Eve. It also reviews previous studies on Angela Carter and her works at home and abroad, summarizing achievements in the past and pointing out new directions in the three conducts a retrospective study on feminism and archetypal criticism. The author attempts to work out the origin and development of feminism, demonstrating the important role feminism plays in Carter's life. Then is the history of archetypal criticism,as well as those classic female archetypes in mythology. Regarding those fossilized and monotonous images as impediments to women's freedom and liberation,Carter endeavors to shatter them in her demythologizing strategy and appeals for a rational attitude toward heterosexual four is the main body of the thesis. Through an in-depth analysis on The Passion of New Eve,it demonstrates Carter's demythologizing of “The Temptress,,,”Mother Goddess“and ”Eve“ respectively in the text. Leilah,the embodiment of Delilah,the famous temptress in the Bible,cannot escape the fate of being objectified by men and herself. By exposing”temptresses“ as mere victims rather than symbols of viciousness. Carter condemns the oppression and exploitation of women in a patriarchal society. ”Mother“ in Beulah serves as a severe satire on those mother goddesses in mythology. Carter smashes the legend by revealing the surgically-made essence of mother and the patriarchal values lurking behind her alleged matriarchal kingdom, warning against the peril and impracticality of extremist her most convincing example goes to Eve, the most important female character in the Bible, Her transformative journey from a chauvinist to a real woman in the story illustrates that gender, rather than a hereditary feature, is the result of social influence and unremitting imitations. Carter concludes the story with proposing ”androgyny“ as a solution to the current problems,implying that mutual respect and understanding is the only way to achieve the harmony between the two five comes to a general conclusion, summarizing the limitations of the theses as well as some suggestions for further ! That is all. Thank you!

Good morning, distinguished professors and teachers, thank you for attending the oral defense. I’m xxx and come from class x. My supervisor is professor Li. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Prof. his consistent guidance and valuable suggestions, I have finished my paper. Now I will present my efforts to you and gratefully welcome any suggestion.

The title of my paper is xxxxxxxxxxxxx. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons.

Firstly, I am very interested in the study of ambiguity. Ambiguity is a common phenomenon in all natural languages. As is known to all, in our daily conversations, ambiguity is often employed to achieve the effect of humor, thus creating a relaxing atmosphere and letting people feel at ease. Some jokes caused by ambiguity is very interesting.

Secondly, I have read several articles about ambiguity written by linguistics and scholars. I found my knowledge of ambiguity is very limited, superficial and nonsystematic. What I knew is just the tip of the iceberg. So I plan to learn more about ambiguity by this research.

Thirdly, I found many scholars have carried out numerous studies of ambiguity, but a majority of these studies are focused on single language separately. Articles about comparison between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity are not sufficient. So it is necessary to make further study.

For the above facts, I select this title.

Next, I will present the outline of my thesis. It consists of 7 parts.

The first part gives a brief introduction to the ambiguity and structure of the thesis.

The second part is literature review, briefly introducing the development of study of ambiguity and some scholars’s main views.

The third to fifth parts focus on three types of ambiguity in English and Chinese: phonological ambiguity, lexical ambiguity, syntactic ambiguity. In every broad type, I respectively list some detailed branches and cite some vivid English and Chinese examples to explain these ambiguity phenomena. But I put more focus on the third part and point out two differences of ambiguity between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity.

The part six will point out positive results by using ambiguity deliberately in daily conversations, advertisements and literary works.

The last part is the conclusion.

I hope by this contrastive research, we will have a better understanding of ambiguity in English and Chinese and apply it to our life and study.

When reading the final draft, I still find my argument is not so comprehensive and improvements are needed. So welcome your precious suggestion.

That’s all. Thank you.

Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.) :I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van )The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.

英语语言文学硕士毕业论文答辩一般会问的问题如下:

1、在答辩开始前,答辩老师一般都会让学生介绍一下论文的大概内容,也就是你这篇论文主要写的是什么内容。这个问题很简单,你只要叙述一下文章的整体框架就可以了,即这篇文章主要包括几个部分,每个部分各自写的是什么。一般学生根据文章的大标题来说就可以了。

2、针对论文中某些论点模糊不清或者不够准确和确切的地方,对论据不够充分的地方,对论证层次比较混乱、条理难辩的地方提出问题。论文中没有说周全、没有论述清楚或者限于篇幅结构没有详细展开细说的问题,答辩委员也可能提问。

答辩注意事项:

克服紧张、不安、焦躁的情绪,自信自己一定可以顺利通过答辩。注意自身修养,有礼有节。无论是听答辩教师提出问题,还是回答问题都要做到礼貌应对。

听明白题意,抓住问题的主旨,弄清答辩教师出题的目的和意图,充分理解问题的根本所在,再作答,以免出现答非所问的现象。

若对某一个问题确实没有搞清楚,要谦虚向教师请教。尽量争取教师的提示,巧妙应对。用积极的态度面对遇到的困难,努力思考做答,不应自暴自弃。

答辩时语速要快慢适中,不能过快或过慢。过快会让答辩小组成员难以听清楚,过慢会让答辩教师感觉答辩人对这个问题不熟悉。对没有把握的观点和看法,不要在答辩中提及。

英专文化论文答辩

据学术堂了解,答辩者在毕业论文答辩之前应该从以下几个方面去准备:首先,要写好毕业论文的简介,主要内容应包括论文的题目,指导教师姓名,选择该题目的动机,论文的主要论点、论据和写作体会以及本议题的理论意义和实践意义.其次,要熟悉自己所写论文的全文,尤其是要熟悉主体部分和结论部分的内容,明确论文的基本观点和主论的基本依据;弄懂弄通论文中所使用的主要概念的确切涵义,所运用的基本原理的主要内容;同时还要仔细审查、反复推敲文章中有无自相矛盾、谬误、片面或模糊不清的地方,有无与党的政策方针相冲突之处等等.如发现有上述问题,就要作好充分准备--补充、修正、解说等.只要认真设防,堵死一切漏洞,这样在答辩过程中,就可以做列心中有数、临阵不慌、沉着应战.第三,要了解和掌握与自己所写论文相关联的知识和材料.如自己所研究的这个论题学术界的研究已经达到了什么程度目前,存在着哪些争议有几种代表性观点各有哪些代表性著作和文章自己倾向哪种观点及理由;重要引文的出处和版本;论证材料的来源渠道等等.这些方面的知识和材料都要在答辩前做到有比较好的了解和掌握.第四,论文还有哪些应该涉及或解决,但因力所不及而未能接触的问题,还有哪些在论文中未涉及到或涉及到很少,而研究过程中确已接触到了并有一定的见解,只是由于觉得与论文表述的中心关联不大而没有写入等等.第五,对于优秀论文的作者来说,还要搞清楚哪些观点是继承或借鉴了他人的研究成果,哪些是自己的创新观点,这些新观点、新见解是怎么形成的等等.对上述内容,作者在答辩前都要很好地准备,经过思考、整理,写成提纲,记在脑中,这样在答辩时就可以做到心中有数,从容作答.

答辩的时候老师都是根据你的论文内容进行提问的。你首先就是要熟悉自己的内容,你自己写的当然没问题了,那些东拼西凑的就要下功夫好好看一下啦。如果你的这个论题,建议你认真总结一下中国茶文化和西方咖啡文化的异同,对你阐述的分类条例(论文大框架)要记清楚。其次由它们的异同阐述融合趋势,以及融合的具体表现。我是去年英语专业毕业的,祝你好运啦,都是本学院的老师,不会太刁难你的啦。主要是不要紧张,英语答辩注重条理和清晰就好了。谈吐落落大方就OK啦!

首先就是不要太紧张,一般你通过了论文的定稿老师是不会太过为难你不让你过的,答辩不过就是走个过场而已。答辩的流程是首先你要陈述自己论文的大意,以及你要写这篇论文的目的,意义等。不过这些你别担心,背背你自己的论文摘要就可以了。既然你写的是文化,那么老师有可能会问你是从哪个角度切入写它们的融合的,有什么例子没有,例子的出处是哪里等。你要特别小心自己在文章中引用的例子和引用别人的话,还有就是参考文献你也要注意看,哪一本参考文献引用在文章的那个部分。最后就是,答辩的时候是可以带你自己的论文和答辩稿的,你可以先和你的论文指导老师讨论一下文章的结构,某些精华的部分等,然后把你认为有可能问到的问题及答案都写在答辩稿上面。PS:答辩稿一般是不用上交的,所以你不用担心,因为是英语专业的,答辩时你的口语表现也很重要,最后就是别太紧张了,祝一切顺利!

英语专业毕业论文答辩陈述稿范文

时间过得真快,大学生活即将结束,毕业论文是大学生都必须通过的,毕业论文是一种有准备的检验大学学习成果的`形式,毕业论文应该怎么写才好呢?以下是我整理的英语专业毕业论文答辩陈述稿范文,仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。

Good morning, all appraiser committee members. I am xx and my supervisor is xx. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is On Transformation of Parts of Speech in Translation. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. Each language has its own special structure. And there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. In order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. So the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in English to Chinese based on different characteristics of English and Chinese. For the above facts, I select the subject of“On Transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my paper.

I hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in English to Chinese translation. Through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation skills.

The way of thinking and expressing is quite different between Chinese and English. English is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. While Chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often used.

So when we make translation in English to Chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of speech.

Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.

Part one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and transformation.

Part two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of translation.

Part three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. There are transformed English words into Chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs.

Part four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the problems.

Part five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. It is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. In addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation practices.

OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions.

Good morning, distinguished professors and teachers, thank you for attending the oral defense. Im xxand come from class xx. My supervisor is professor Li. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Prof. his consistent guidance and valuable suggestions, I have finished my paper. Now I will present my efforts to you and gratefully welcome any suggestion.

The title of my paper is choose this as my topic due to the following reasons.

Firstly, I am very interested in the study of ambiguity. Ambiguity is a common phenomenon in all natural languages. As is known to all, in our daily conversations, ambiguity is often employed to achieve the effect of humor, thus creating a relaxing atmosphere and letting people feel at ease. Some jokes caused by ambiguity is very interesting.

Secondly, I have read several articles about ambiguity written by linguistics and scholars. I found my knowledge of ambiguity is very limited, superficial and nonsystematic. What I knew is just the tip of the iceberg. So I plan to learn more about ambiguity by this research.

Thirdly, I found many scholars have carried out numerous studies of ambiguity, but a majority of these studies are focused on single language separately. Articles about comparison between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity are not sufficient. So it is necessary to make further study.

For the above facts, I select this title.

Next, I will present the outline of my thesis. It consists of 7 parts.

The first part gives a brief introduction to the ambiguity and structure of the thesis.

The second part is literature review, briefly introducing the development of study of ambiguity and some scholarss main views.

The third to fifth parts focus on three types of ambiguity in English and Chinese: phonological ambiguity, lexical ambiguity, syntactic ambiguity. In every broad type, I respectively list some detailed branches and cite some vivid English and Chinese examples to explain these ambiguity phenomena. But I put more focus on the third part and point out two differences of ambiguity between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity.

The part six will point out positive results by using ambiguity deliberately in daily conversations, advertisements and literary works.

The last part is the conclusion.

I hope by this contrastive research, we will have a better understanding of ambiguity in English and Chinese and apply it to our life and study.

When reading the final draft, I still find my argument is not so comprehensive and improvements are needed. So welcome your precious suggestion.

Thats all. Thank you.

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