研究哈姆雷特的论文

研究哈姆雷特的论文

一部人类心灵咏唱出的伟大史诗，崇高和卑下、可怕和可笑、英雄和丑角的奇妙的混合，完成于1601年的《哈姆雷特》，是文艺复兴时期的巨人——莎士比亚戏剧创作的最高成就。哈姆雷特是一个刻画得极为成功的艺术形象，他像我们每一个人一样真实，但又要比我们伟大。哈姆雷特在我心目中始终是一个英雄，一个充满了悲剧美的英雄。悲剧具有一种深刻的美，悲剧存在的意义就在于，它不只是为了赢得人们一滴同情的眼泪，而是要通过悲剧产生、发展、结局的整个过程唤起人们对生命意义的严肃思索。莎士比亚所塑造的哈姆雷特这一艺术形象及其性格特点，正是遵循了悲剧艺术的特征，从而使哈姆雷特的塑造取得了巨大的成功。在《哈姆雷特》这一不朽剧作中，始终存在着善良与邪恶等一系列激烈的矛盾冲突。哈姆雷特作为该剧的主要角色，他的命运不可避免地处于这激烈矛盾冲突的漩涡之中。身为王子的哈姆雷特被莎翁塑造为生命之美的典型，他年轻英俊，坚毅勇敢，热爱自己的国家，热爱自己的父王和母后，有着心爱的恋人奥菲莉娅，可以说，他的生命正处于人生最美好的时刻。然而，这美好的生命时光瞬息之间又消失了，他是处于一种什么样的环境之中呢？我们看到，当时的丹麦宫廷一片混乱，老王奇怪地驾崩，王后改嫁新王，国外敌军压境，国内群情激愤、一触即发，而宫中却在通宵达旦地酗酒取乐，这一切，都在哈姆雷特年轻美好的生命中投下了巨大的阴影，从而使他郁郁寡欢，认为人间不过是“一个荒芜不治的花园，长满了恶毒的莠草”，这些已经为王子年轻的生命注入了悲剧的因素。随着老王鬼魂的出现，宫廷内幕的揭开，谋杀罪行的暴露，王子心中烈火的燃起，悲剧的帷幕拉开了……面对阴险奸诈的新王，哈姆雷特开始了孤身复仇的行动：为了复仇，他失手杀死了恋人的父亲；为了复仇，他佯装疯狂失去了深爱的情人；为了复仇，他对软弱的母亲冷言相向；为了复仇，他忍受着失去友情的痛苦。最后，在一场血淋淋的宫廷决斗中，他虽然杀死了阴险狡诈的新王，但自己的生命也结束在这“牢狱”般的宫廷中。鲁迅曾经说过：“悲剧就是将人生的有价值的东西毁灭给人看。”哈姆雷特作为一个深受广大群众爱戴的王子，他身上具备整顿局势、治理国家、报仇雪恨的能力。然而面对着以阴险奸诈的新王为代表的强大的封建势力，作为一个资产阶级人文主义者，他始终把这种和人民紧密相连的事业看做个人的仇恨而孤军奋战，因此，他的悲剧既是真善美与邪恶力量相冲突的悲剧，也是一个人文主义者时代的悲剧。《哈姆雷特》这部巨作给我的力量与思索是巨大而无穷的……

首先要讲 这部文章是4大悲剧之一，与《麦克白》、《李尔王》和《奥赛罗》都是莎士比亚的得意作首先可以描述下作者，然后推及到内容你可以对主角介绍和分析，然后说出作品的价值，还有其中的重点语句台词等等论文吗， 一般都要大概的概括下 在网上找到了一些能帮到你的质料， 看看在结构上，莎士比亚用了多线索多层次的手法，以哈姆雷特为父报仇的线索为主线，以挪威小王子和雷欧提斯的复仇古诗为副线，互相对比，激化矛盾，是喜剧场面不断转化，推进情节矛盾，走向高潮，以达到艺术效果，共同表现全局的主题。 在人物塑造上，着重内心世界的描写（一千个读者就有一千个哈姆雷特），人物形象的复杂正突出了人物的魅力。为了达到人物形象的丰富性，还多处运用对比手法。 在语言上，莎士比亚彰显了大家风范，将多种文体相结合，表现出英语语言的独特魅力。哈姆雷特是一个处于现实和理想矛盾中的人文主义者，曾经对天地万物、人与社会都充满了美好的希冀。但是现实的严酷与丑恶打破了他的美好理想，他的人文主义的信念破灭了。作为一个人文主义者，哈姆雷特在复仇道路上的犹豫，显示了他所代表的人文主义与封建势力的悬殊。借此表现了作者对文艺复兴运动的反思与对人的命运与未来社会的忧虑。 尽请采纳

搜狐博客 > 爱猴的慧 > 日志 > 文海拾贝 �0�0 上一篇 | 下一篇 �0�32007-08-19 | 哈姆雷特悲剧分析 刀尖上的露珠——哈姆雷特的悲剧命运与本性生存还是毁灭，这是一个值得考虑的问题；默然忍受命运的暴虐的毒箭，或是挺身反抗人世的无涯的苦难，通过斗争把它们扫清，这两种行为，哪一种更高贵？这是一个永恒而经典的问题，出自一个不朽的艺术形象。哈姆雷特，他究竟何以这样屹立不倒？何以这样永垂不朽？我想就他悲剧性的命运和他的本性做一些分析。哈姆雷特形象的悲剧意义在于：从积极方面来看，他的斗争反映了文艺复兴时期人文主义思想家同封建没落势力进行豪不妥协斗争的历史进步性，是历史发展必然要求的产物。从总结经验教训的角度看，他的悲剧源于两个方面，一是他生活的时代封建力量还很强大，加之以哈姆雷特作为一个资产阶级人文主义者，他不相信人民群众，只能孤军奋战。二是他固守着文艺复兴早期关于“人”的理想，不能适应新的历史环境中人的变化的现实。哈姆雷特的悲剧，是后期人文主义者的悲剧，也是文艺复兴晚期特定时代的悲剧。——摘自《世界文学简史》李明滨 北京大学出版社2005年版（有删节）首先要说的一点是，我今天要讨论的话题是围绕着哈姆雷特本性而展开的，而并非仅仅将他看作是思想的先驱或代表者，我们可以说，哈姆雷特的形象体现了那个大的时代框架的人文主义精神，但是我们不可以由此就确信哈姆雷特是为了宣传先进的思想而存在的，这样妄然的决断是荒谬的。因为在莎士比亚创作出这个忧郁的王子的时候，只是想让他的悲剧能够打动剧场里每一个观众，而并非是要向后人鼓吹什么先进的人文主义以对抗封建势力，而和“资产阶级”“人民群众”更是无关的。我们难以摆脱现在的价值观，转而附加到原作上，甚至还将他的人性清晰地划分为资产阶级，将其悲剧的必然性归结到“不相信人民大众”的荒唐原因上，这种行为，本身就是深受意识形态的干涉，实质上是极为滑稽的。我认为有违于正确认识历史和文学的原则。

关于研究哈姆雷特的论文

Hamlet and Ophelia, by Dante Gabriel RossettiPrince Hamlet is the main character in Shakespeare's tragedy of HamletPerhaps the most straightforward view sees Hamlet as seeking truth in order to be certain that he is justified in carrying out the revenge called for by a ghost that claims to be the spirit of his father. The most standard view is that Hamlet is highly indecisive, which is the view as proposed by Coleridge, and a number of other critics. "Shakespeare wished to impress upon us the truth, that action is the chief end to existence". The 1948 movie with Laurence Olivier in the title role is introduced by a voiceover: "This is the tragedy of a man who could not make up his mind.". Eliot offers a similar view of Hamlet's character in his critical essay, "Hamlet and His Problems" (The Sacred Wood: Essays on Poetry and Criticism). He states, "We find Shakespeare's 'Hamlet' not in the action, not in any quotations that we might select, so much as in an unmistakable tone...".Others see Hamlet as a person charged with a duty that he both knows and feels is right, yet is unwilling to carry out. In this view, all of his efforts to satisfy himself of King Claudius' guilt, or his failure to act when he can, are evidence of this unwillingness, and Hamlet berates himself for his inability to carry out his task. After observing a play-actor performing a scene, he notes that the actor was moved to tears in the passion of the story and compares this passion for an ancient Greek character, Hecuba, in light of his own situation:Hamlet reclines next to Ophelia in Edwin Austin Abbey's The Play Scene in Hamlet"O, what a rogue and peasant slave am I!Is it not monstrous that this player here,But in a fiction, in a dream of passion,Could force his soul so to his own conceitThat from her working all his visage wan'd;Tears in his eyes, distraction in's aspect,A broken voice, and his whole function suitingWith forms to his conceit? And all for nothing!For Hecuba?What's Hecuba to him, or he to Hecuba,That he should weep for her?" […]Etymology of HamletHamlet’s name is one filled with meaning and controversy. The name Hamlet occurs as early as the tenth century. His name is easily derived in form from Belleforest and the lost play from Amlethus of Saxo, and remaining in this form is then derived from its Latin form of the old Jutish Amlethoe. From this point the name can be divided into sections with common meanings. In terms of etymology the root name of Hamlet is an Icelandic noun, Amlooi, meaning ‘fool.’ However this name is derived from the way that Hamlet acts in the play and is not in all actuality the true Etymology of the name since the meaning is found through the actions of Hamlet. The second way of translating the name is by analyzing the noun aml-ooi into ‘raving mad’ and the second half, amla into ‘routine’. Later these names were incorporated into Irish dialect as Amlodhe. As phonetic laws took their course the name’s spelling changed eventually leaving it as Amlaidhe. This Irish name was given to a hero in a common folk story. The route of this name is ‘furious, raging, wild.’ These are all meanings of which Shakespeare would have been aware of when deciding on the name for his longest play.[1]AsimovAnother view of Hamlet, advanced by Isaac Asimov in his Guide to Shakespeare, holds that his actions are attributable not to indecision, but to multiple motivations: his desire to avenge the wrong done to his father, coupled with his own ambition to succeed to the throne. The tragic error committed by Hamlet, in Asimov's view, is his overreaching wish to see Claudius damned, and not merely dead, which prevents him from killing Claudius at the opportune of the ReformationMarcellus, Horatio, Hamlet, and the Ghost by Henry has also been suggested that Hamlet's hesitations may also be rooted in the religious beliefs of Shakespeare's time. The Reformation had generated debate about the existence of purgatory (where King Hamlet claims he currently resides). The concept of purgatory is a Catholic one, and was frowned on in Protestant England. It is possible that Hamlet's own logic ought to be taken seriously. Hamlet says that he will not kill his uncle because death would send him straight to heaven, while his father (having died without foreknowledge of his death) is in purgatory doing penance for his. Hamlet's opportunity to kill his uncle comes just after the uncle has supposedly made his peace with God. Hamlet says that he would much rather take a stab at the murderer while he is frolicking in the incestuous sheets, or gambling and drinking, so he could be sure of his going straight to interpretationErnest Jones, following the work of Freud, held that Hamlet suffered from the 'Oedipus complex'. He said in his essay "The Oedipus-Complex as An Explanation of Hamlet's Mystery: A Study in Motive":His moral fate is bound up with his uncle's for good or ill. The call of duty to slay his uncle cannot be obeyed because it links itself with the call of his nature to slay his mother's husband, whether this is the first or the second; the latter call is strongly "repressed," and therefore necessarily the former , Harold Bloom did a "Shakespearean Criticism" of Freud's work in a mirror of the audienceInnokenty Smoktunovsky as Hamlet in the acclaimed 1964 film by Grigori has also been suggested that Hamlet, who is described by Ophelia as "th’ expectancy and rose of the fair state, / The glass of fashion and the mould of form" (Act III, Scene i, lines 148-9), is ultimately a reflection of all of the interpretations possessed by other characters in the play—and perhaps also by the members of an audience watching him. Polonius, most obviously, has a habit of misreading his own expectations into Hamlet’s actions ("Still harping on my daughter!"), though many other characters in the play participate in analogous has a similar tendency to interpret all of her son’s activities as the result of her "o’erhasty marriage" alone. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern tend to find the stalled ambitions of a courtier in their former schoolmate’s behaviour, whereas Claudius seems to be concerned with Hamlet’s motivation only so far as it reveals the degree to which his nephew is a potential threat. Ophelia, like her father, waits in vain for Hamlet to give her signs of affection, and Horatio would have little reason to think that Hamlet was concerned with anything more pressing than the commandment of the ghost. And the First Gravedigger seems to think that Prince Hamlet, like that "whoreson mad fellow” Yorick, is simply insane without any need for explanation. Several critics, including Stephen Booth and William Empson have further investigated the analogous relationship between Hamlet, the play, and its , over the last four centuries Prince Hamlet has become an icon in the entire western consciousness: the definition of what it means to be intelligent, and perhaps, fully 's parallels with other charactersOne aspect of Hamlet's character is the way in which he reflects other characters, including the play's primary antagonist, Claudius. In the play within a play, for instance, Gonzago, the king, is murdered in the garden by his nephew, Lucianus; although King Hamlet is murdered by his brother, in the Mousetrap , the regicide is a nephew, like Prince Hamlet. However, it is also worth noting that each of the characters in the play-within-a-play maps to two major characters in Hamlet, an instance of the play's many doubles:Lucianus, like Hamlet, is both a regicide and a nephew to the king; like Claudius, he is a regicide that operates by pouring poison into Player King, like Hamlet, is an erratic melancholic; like King Hamlet, he is poisoned via his ear while reclining in his Player Queen, like Ophelia, attends to a character that is "so far from cheer and from [a] former state"; like Gertrude, she remarries a is also, in some form, a reflection of most other characters in the play (or perhaps vice versa):Hamlet, Laertes, Fortinbras and Pyrrhus are all avenging sons. Hamlet and Laertes both blame Claudius for the death of their fathers. Hamlet and Pyrrhus are both seized by inaction at some point in their respective narratives and each avenges his father. Hamlet and Fortinbras both have plans that are thwarted by uncles that are also , Rosencrantz, Guildenstern, Osric and Polonius are all , his father, Bernardo, Marcellus, Francisco, Fortinbras and several other characters are all and his father share a name (as do Fortinbras and his father).Hamlet, Horatio, Rosencrantz, Guildenstern and Laertes are all , his father, Gertrude and Claudius are all members of the Royal Family. Each of them is also killed by poison -- poison that Claudius is responsible and Ophelia are each rebuked by their surviving parent in subsequent scenes; the surviving parent of each happens to be of the opposite gender. Both also enter scenes reading books and there is a contrast between the (possibly) pretend madness of Hamlet and the very real insanity of , Horatio, Polonius, Rosencrantz, Guildenstern and Claudius are each "lawful espials" at some point in the play.

《哈姆雷特》读后论文 “有一千个观众，就有一千个哈姆雷特。”这是句流传已久并引起我无限好奇的话。当《哈姆雷特》这本书终于放在我的面前时，我翻开它，如同打开了魔法盒子，为它惊奇，被它吸引。我仿佛去到了丹麦王室，在哈姆雷特身边陪他成长，看着他由一个充满希望的快乐王子蜕变成一个反复延宕的忧郁王子。一股钻心的痛向我袭来，泪水在我脸上肆意流淌，是为这可怜的王子而心痛，也是为人类丑陋的灵魂而哭泣。 王子在大学时代曾说过：“人是万物的灵长。”他认为世界是纯洁美好的，他父母的归关系是人类中最和谐的，他父亲是最完美的国王。他以为他的世界如处子般纯洁，没有半颗沙砾。然而，当王子回到丹麦时，他的世界彻底改变了，黑暗笼罩着他，侵蚀着他的纯洁。父皇死了，母后改嫁了，叔父登基了。这一连串的打击将他的思绪搅混了。随着鬼魂的出现真相大白！光明彻底从他的世界消失，沉重的负担压在王子并不宽厚的肩上，他知道他的责任不仅仅是要报仇，而且要重整乾坤。 假若王子此时肯向人求救，也许历史将会改写。但是王子崇尚的是个人英雄主义，而且由于宗教思想的作祟，他的反复延宕，一次又一次错过了手刃仇人的机会，最终众叛亲离，与仇人同归于尽，丹麦皇室也从此覆灭。这不仅让我想起项羽，项羽也是个个人英雄主义者，喜欢逞匹夫之勇，不依靠众人的力量。在鸿门宴中，他有绝佳的机会弑杀刘邦，然而他也反复延宕，纵虎归山，最终造成四面楚歌，乌江自刎的悲剧结局。 哈姆雷特与项羽都有许多机会可以扭转乾坤，改变结局，但他们却一次又一次错过，这些都是性格使然，但是这些性也是他们的饿魅力所在。他们都是光明磊落的英雄，从他们身上我们可以看见人类的真善美。也许王子只适合生活在光明而纯洁的世界，在他死前的刹那，他或许看到了永恒的光明。 哈姆雷特又是极其珍视感情的,在他以装疯来躲避过忙的迫害时,他依然抑制不住对奥菲丽亚的思念,不忍心让他因自己的装疯而痛苦,而冒着受到国王怀疑的危险给他写了一首小诗:Doubt that the stars are fire;Doubt that the sun do not move;Doubt rruth to be a liar;But never doubt i love.就是这样，哈姆雷特在对命运的抉择中构造了自己的悲剧。原来他完全可以屈从于自己的命运，不去探索父亲死去的真相。但哈姆雷特的性格不允许他带着一个疑问生活在庸庸碌碌之中，所以他毅然走上了找寻真相的道路。“Things standing thus unknown，shall live behind me ！”在一个除了目标再也没有任何尺度来衡量善恶的世界里，勇敢地作出抉择，然后坦然的接受自己的命运，这就是哈姆雷特永恒的魅力之所在吧？ 在沙翁所有的作品里，《哈姆雷特》或许是最受争议的一部，也是最受注目的一部。你在十六岁时或许会被《罗米欧与朱丽叶》感动的潸然泪下，却觉得《暴风雨》不知所云；当你60岁时，又可能深深的被后者所带有的神秘色彩所打动而对人生有所感悟，而前者却已经无法再次激起你心中的波澜......但是无论你在人生的那个阶段,当你经厉了一场丰富而深刻的精神生活,当你提升了自己的人格,重新发现发现一个全新的自我,你总是能在《哈姆雷特》里找到一些你会觉得那似乎应该是属于永恒与不朽的东西。因为他谈到人生的抉择，谈到了一个生活在特定的历史与生活环境下的人在对他的个人而言是独特的而对于全人类来说又是普遍的命运面前做出的人生抉择。在只有从过去所积累的有限经验可以凭借或依托的情况下所选择的人生之路。从某中意义上说，他的经验也代表了我们的经验，他所面对的命运在我们人生的某个阶段里也是我们所要面对的。我们面对绝望的存在，在矛盾中摸索真理，在迷雾中找寻真相，在两难问题里作出行动，在一个失去标准与可以衡量标准的尺度的世界里重建价值的体系与精神大厦。 《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚悲剧中的代表作品。在思想内容上达到了前所未有的深度和广度，深刻的揭示出封建末期社会的罪恶与本质特征。 就人物性格的内在表现来看，《哈姆雷特》是最令人觉得扑朔迷离的，或者说是最富于哲学意味的。其中如父王为恶叔所弑，王位被篡，母后与凶手乱伦而婚，王储试图复仇而装疯卖傻等情节，均可见于古老的北欧传说，特别是丹麦历史学家所著的《丹麦史》中。这些尘封已久的原始资料，本来只记载着一些粗略的情节和苍白的姓名，毫无性格于动作可言，但是在莎士比亚的笔下，读者却发现自己生活在一群鲜活的人群中间，几乎和他们休憩相关，祸福与共。特别不可思议的是，其中出现了一个几百年来令世人叹为观止而有莫测高深的光辉典型。围绕这个主人公，可以提出很多问题。例如哈姆雷特是真疯还是假疯？这个性格的典型意义在哪里？这些问题都不是单凭剧情就可以解决的。 要充分认识和正确评析本剧的中心人物，必须全面照顾他的性格和环境相矛盾的复杂性，认识他从“时代脱臼了，真糟糕，天生我要把它板正过来”这句豪言壮语，到“生存还是毁灭，这是一个值得考虑的问题”这句绝望的叹息的全部心里背景。实际上，哈姆雷特的尴尬在于以一个纤弱而又明达的心灵肩负着与其行为能力不相称的重任。用歌德的说法：“这是一株橡树给我栽在一个只应开放娇嫩的花朵的花瓶里。”哈姆雷特，一个纯洁，高尚，有道德，有知识，有决心，只能以思想代替行为，不可能成为英雄的人，就是那个“花瓶”；那项他承担不起，几乎连渺茫的希望都没有，但又决不可推卸的复仇重任，就是那株“橡树”。 一旦“橡树”的根须膨胀开来，“花瓶”就非给挤破不可，这就是悲剧。在哈姆雷特身上，人的脆弱性和环境的残暴性是如此的相反而又相成，以至这个独特的性格在内涵方面显得致密而厚重，在外延方面也显得博大而深广。正是这样，有的专家便声称，哈姆雷特并不是一个客观的过时的角色，而是我们每个人自己。 莎士比亚不属于一个时代而属于全世纪，他的戏剧就象灿烂星空中的北斗，为人们指引着方向。 “生存还是毁灭，这是一个值得考虑的问题”他提出这个问题正是哲学的基本命题。因为刚刚发生在他身上的这些事引发了他对人生哲理的思考，在他的人生中诸事顺逆的时候，他是不会考虑到这个问题的，那时他看到的只是人生的光亮面，那时的生活无疑是美好的，而现在，突如其来的这场悲剧迫使他正视生活阴暗的一面和人性丑陋的一面。 可以说，哈姆雷特对人生中阴暗的那一面还是有比较深刻的了解的。过去他对这一切只是视而不见而已。如今残酷的现实迫使他面对这一切。他预感到，自己已经被不可避免的拖入到一个悲剧的命运中。如果他父亲真是被害死的，那么为父报仇就成了他一生中不可推卸的使命。而他的敌人又是当今的国王，要想杀死他，肯定不是一件容易的事，但无论多么困难，杀父之仇是不能不报的，而他当前的任务是要想出一个巧妙的办法来核实他的叔父是否杀害了他的父亲。阴谋，暗算与残杀，这些是违背哈姆雷特善良纯真的本性的，但又是他复仇的使命所必须的。处在人生中花样年华的哈姆雷特背上了沉重的复仇使命，心中整日充满仇恨，使他内心阴暗而沉重，他陷入了无法自拔的痛苦的深渊。 对于死亡的“重重的顾虑使我们全变成了懦夫，决心的赤热的光彩，被审慎的思维盖上了一层灰色，伟大的事业在这一种考虑之下，也会逆流而退的。失去了行动的意义”。哈姆雷特在生死问题上的疑惑也预示着他在未来复仇行动上的犹豫不决，放过了一个轻而易举的复仇机会。那仅仅因为在复仇祈祷的时候，杀死他有可能使他进入天堂，那就太便宜了他。 这一段心理活动的描写表现了他对人生无法解答的根本问题哲理的思考，这个问题可以说对整个人类，都具有普遍的意义。

一部人类心灵咏唱出的伟大史诗，崇高和卑下、可怕和可笑、英雄和丑角的奇妙的混合，完成于1601年的《哈姆雷特》，是文艺复兴时期的巨人——莎士比亚戏剧创作的最高成就。哈姆雷特是一个刻画得极为成功的艺术形象，他像我们每一个人一样真实，但又要比我们伟大。哈姆雷特在我心目中始终是一个英雄，一个充满了悲剧美的英雄。悲剧具有一种深刻的美，悲剧存在的意义就在于，它不只是为了赢得人们一滴同情的眼泪，而是要通过悲剧产生、发展、结局的整个过程唤起人们对生命意义的严肃思索。莎士比亚所塑造的哈姆雷特这一艺术形象及其性格特点，正是遵循了悲剧艺术的特征，从而使哈姆雷特的塑造取得了巨大的成功。在《哈姆雷特》这一不朽剧作中，始终存在着善良与邪恶等一系列激烈的矛盾冲突。哈姆雷特作为该剧的主要角色，他的命运不可避免地处于这激烈矛盾冲突的漩涡之中。身为王子的哈姆雷特被莎翁塑造为生命之美的典型，他年轻英俊，坚毅勇敢，热爱自己的国家，热爱自己的父王和母后，有着心爱的恋人奥菲莉娅，可以说，他的生命正处于人生最美好的时刻。然而，这美好的生命时光瞬息之间又消失了，他是处于一种什么样的环境之中呢？我们看到，当时的丹麦宫廷一片混乱，老王奇怪地驾崩，王后改嫁新王，国外敌军压境，国内群情激愤、一触即发，而宫中却在通宵达旦地酗酒取乐，这一切，都在哈姆雷特年轻美好的生命中投下了巨大的阴影，从而使他郁郁寡欢，认为人间不过是“一个荒芜不治的花园，长满了恶毒的莠草”，这些已经为王子年轻的生命注入了悲剧的因素。随着老王鬼魂的出现，宫廷内幕的揭开，谋杀罪行的暴露，王子心中烈火的燃起，悲剧的帷幕拉开了……面对阴险奸诈的新王，哈姆雷特开始了孤身复仇的行动：为了复仇，他失手杀死了恋人的父亲；为了复仇，他佯装疯狂失去了深爱的情人；为了复仇，他对软弱的母亲冷言相向；为了复仇，他忍受着失去友情的痛苦。最后，在一场血淋淋的宫廷决斗中，他虽然杀死了阴险狡诈的新王，但自己的生命也结束在这“牢狱”般的宫廷中。鲁迅曾经说过：“悲剧就是将人生的有价值的东西毁灭给人看。”哈姆雷特作为一个深受广大群众爱戴的王子，他身上具备整顿局势、治理国家、报仇雪恨的能力。然而面对着以阴险奸诈的新王为代表的强大的封建势力，作为一个资产阶级人文主义者，他始终把这种和人民紧密相连的事业看做个人的仇恨而孤军奋战，因此，他的悲剧既是真善美与邪恶力量相冲突的悲剧，也是一个人文主义者时代的悲剧。《哈姆雷特》这部巨作给我的力量与思索是巨大而无穷的……

哈姆雷特的论文素材

[1]李英安. 东西方导演眼中的哈姆雷特[D]. 上海戏剧学院: 上海戏剧学院,2010. [2]袁仑. 《哈姆雷特》中的延宕[D]. 复旦大学: 复旦大学,2010. [3]阿胜 编译. “哈姆雷特”上演新版复仇记[N]. 医药经济报,2004-07-16(A06). [4]邱食存. 不朽的哈姆雷特——从雷奥提斯与哈姆雷特之异论起[J]. 陇东学院学报(社会科学版),2006,(3). [5]邵雪萍. 《丹麦王子哈姆雷特的悲剧》与后现代的相遇——《哈姆雷特谋杀案》为解读莎剧开辟新思路[J]. 戏剧文学,2011,(3). [6]黄金京. 《哈姆雷特》与圣经原型——《哈姆雷特》在艺术形式上对圣经原型的借鉴[J]. 怀化学院学报,2011,(3). [7]孙艳娜. “人人都是哈姆雷特”——论林兆华对《哈姆雷特》的主题再创[J]. 四川戏剧,2010,(1). [8]高睿. 《哈姆雷特》中的“死亡”推动——谈《哈姆雷特》中的故事情节设计[J]. 语文学刊(外语教育与教学),2010,(3). [9]夏倩. 永远的哈姆雷特——哈姆雷特性格之我见[J]. 时代文学(上),2010,(3). [10]周佳彬. 《哈姆雷特》之独白赏析——哈姆雷特复仇之路上的痛苦与挣扎[J]. 中国科技信息,2010,(17). [11]陈玉虹,刘洪泉. 哈姆雷特的性格悲剧——莎士比亚的《哈姆雷特》[J]. 太原城市职业技术学院学报,2009,(1). [12]郭晨子. 360°的哈姆雷特 评以色列卡梅尔剧团《哈姆雷特》[J]. 上海戏剧,2009,(5). [13]杨淑敏. 一个无鸾和一千个哈姆雷特——从《夜宴》和《哈姆雷特》看电影与戏剧文学的形象塑造[J]. 电影评介,2006,(23). [14]郭晨子. 陌生了的哈姆雷特 多声部的《哈姆雷特1990》[J]. 上海戏剧,2008,(12). [15]黄立丰. 给《哈姆雷特》批评史加上一个女性主义的补遗——女性表演、批评与再创作《哈姆雷特》的历史[J]. 内蒙古电大学刊,2008,(5). [16]罗文敏. 综观哈姆雷特性格延宕批评之得失——兼论哈姆雷特延宕之因[J]. 兰州交通大学学报,2004,(2). [17]顾胜. 行动与迟疑:一个哈姆雷特式的悖论——《哈姆雷特》“To be or not to be”独白段细读[J]. 常熟高专学报,2004,(5). [18]张全辉. 走向十字架的哈姆雷特——分析第一千零一个哈姆雷特形象[J]. 曲靖师范学院学报,2004,(5). [19]庞凤琴. 哈姆雷特新论——从哈姆雷特的独白说起[J]. 文科教学,1995,(2). [20]荣国. 再谈哈姆雷特──哈姆雷特悲剧原因的分析[J]. 淄博师专学报,1995,(3). [21]续枫林. “一千零一个哈姆雷特”——从悲剧《哈姆雷特》变喜剧想到的[J]. 新疆社科论坛,1995,(3). [22].罗尔弗 ,王维昌. 关于哈姆雷特和《哈姆雷特》一剧的问题[J]. 安徽师大学报(哲学社会科学版),1981,(2). [23]刘戈. 《哈姆雷特》一部完整的欧洲史——谈《哈姆雷特》的人物象征[J]. 怀化师专学报(哲学社会科学版),1987,(1). [24]李小蓓. 对真理的求索——试析哈姆雷特与哈姆雷特世界的悲剧冲突[D]. 苏州大学: 苏州大学,2001. [25]中国社会科学院 刘志明. 与有关马克思主义的两种看法商榷[N]. 社会科学报,2005-02-24(004). [26]王文渊. 哈姆雷特,被“80后”解构 话剧《哈姆雷人》[J]. 上海戏剧,2010,(4). [27]何湘君. 从《哈姆雷特》看《少年维特之烦恼》——试解析维特之死[J]. 宁波教育学院学报,2006,(6). [28]马庆霞. 哈姆雷特与J.阿尔弗雷德.普鲁弗洛克比较之初探[J]. 聊城大学学报(社会科学版),2007,(2). [29]刘红英,于治领. 《哈姆雷特》中素体诗的语言功能[J]. 求实,2011,(S1). [30]王小琳,郝春静. 解读哈姆雷特的悲剧人生[J]. 商业文化(下半月),2011,(6). [31]丁伟. 哈姆雷特延宕的性格因素分析[J]. 新乡学院学报(社会科学版),2011,(3). [32]崔化. 跨越时空的精神对接——哈姆雷特与昆丁的个体悲剧结构比较[J]. 中国矿业大学学报(社会科学版),2011,(2). [33]欧阳文明. 《哈姆雷特》中奥菲莉娅的悲剧分析[J]. 成功(教育),2011,(7). [34]程瑜瑜. 阳光下的哈姆雷特——后现代主义观照下的《狮子王》[J]. 文艺评论,2011,(7). [35]于珊. 从哈姆雷特与伍子胥的复仇看中西伦理的不同[J]. 大众文艺,2011,(12). [36]常宇星. 从《哈姆雷特》看莎士比亚的人文主义精神[J]. 剑南文学(经典教苑),2011,(2). [37]刘翼斌. 《哈姆雷特》主题之辨[J]. 贵州社会科学,2011,(7). [38]曹艳云. 哈姆雷特的“延宕”与其王权意识[J]. 高等函授学报(哲学社会科学版),2010,(10). [39]曹艳春. 越轨的王子——社会学“越轨”视角下的哈姆雷特[J]. 戏剧文学,2010,(12). [40]王荣. 透过马克思看《哈姆雷特》——我眼中的马克思主义文艺理论[J]. 中国科技信息,2010,(23). [41]白塔娜. 析哈姆雷特延宕复仇的原因(英文)[J]. 语文学刊(外语教育与教学),2010,(10). [42]张世锋. 浅谈common在《哈姆雷特》中的反讽效果[J]. 现代交际,2010,(11). [43]宣晓晏. 毒入灵魂——哈姆雷特延宕性格解析[J]. 浙江万里学院学报,2010,(6). [44]李梦馨. 作为“经典中心”的中心——论《哈姆雷特》[J]. 南方文坛,2011,(1). [45]孙建光. 本我回归——哈姆雷特向死而生的心路历程[J]. 西南交通大学学报(社会科学版),2010,(6). [46]张卫东. 从精神分析学看哈姆雷特的延宕[J]. 今日南国(中旬刊),2010,(12). [47]苗琳娜. 《哈姆雷特》双关语的汉译对比[J]. 天津市经理学院学报,2010,(6). [48]齐佩. 从拉康理论看《哈姆雷特》悲剧[J]. 中小企业管理与科技(上旬刊),2011,(1). [49]王建华. 哈姆雷特形象的现代阐释[J]. 时代文学(上),2010,(6). [50]谢晓科. 背离与统一——堂吉诃德和哈姆雷特比较[J]. 湖北第二师范学院学报,2011,(1).

Hamlet and Ophelia, by Dante Gabriel RossettiPrince Hamlet is the main character in Shakespeare's tragedy of HamletPerhaps the most straightforward view sees Hamlet as seeking truth in order to be certain that he is justified in carrying out the revenge called for by a ghost that claims to be the spirit of his father. The most standard view is that Hamlet is highly indecisive, which is the view as proposed by Coleridge, and a number of other critics. "Shakespeare wished to impress upon us the truth, that action is the chief end to existence". The 1948 movie with Laurence Olivier in the title role is introduced by a voiceover: "This is the tragedy of a man who could not make up his mind.". Eliot offers a similar view of Hamlet's character in his critical essay, "Hamlet and His Problems" (The Sacred Wood: Essays on Poetry and Criticism). He states, "We find Shakespeare's 'Hamlet' not in the action, not in any quotations that we might select, so much as in an unmistakable tone...".Others see Hamlet as a person charged with a duty that he both knows and feels is right, yet is unwilling to carry out. In this view, all of his efforts to satisfy himself of King Claudius' guilt, or his failure to act when he can, are evidence of this unwillingness, and Hamlet berates himself for his inability to carry out his task. After observing a play-actor performing a scene, he notes that the actor was moved to tears in the passion of the story and compares this passion for an ancient Greek character, Hecuba, in light of his own situation:Hamlet reclines next to Ophelia in Edwin Austin Abbey's The Play Scene in Hamlet"O, what a rogue and peasant slave am I!Is it not monstrous that this player here,But in a fiction, in a dream of passion,Could force his soul so to his own conceitThat from her working all his visage wan'd;Tears in his eyes, distraction in's aspect,A broken voice, and his whole function suitingWith forms to his conceit? And all for nothing!For Hecuba?What's Hecuba to him, or he to Hecuba,That he should weep for her?" […]Etymology of HamletHamlet’s name is one filled with meaning and controversy. The name Hamlet occurs as early as the tenth century. His name is easily derived in form from Belleforest and the lost play from Amlethus of Saxo, and remaining in this form is then derived from its Latin form of the old Jutish Amlethoe. From this point the name can be divided into sections with common meanings. In terms of etymology the root name of Hamlet is an Icelandic noun, Amlooi, meaning ‘fool.’ However this name is derived from the way that Hamlet acts in the play and is not in all actuality the true Etymology of the name since the meaning is found through the actions of Hamlet. The second way of translating the name is by analyzing the noun aml-ooi into ‘raving mad’ and the second half, amla into ‘routine’. Later these names were incorporated into Irish dialect as Amlodhe. As phonetic laws took their course the name’s spelling changed eventually leaving it as Amlaidhe. This Irish name was given to a hero in a common folk story. The route of this name is ‘furious, raging, wild.’ These are all meanings of which Shakespeare would have been aware of when deciding on the name for his longest play.[1]AsimovAnother view of Hamlet, advanced by Isaac Asimov in his Guide to Shakespeare, holds that his actions are attributable not to indecision, but to multiple motivations: his desire to avenge the wrong done to his father, coupled with his own ambition to succeed to the throne. The tragic error committed by Hamlet, in Asimov's view, is his overreaching wish to see Claudius damned, and not merely dead, which prevents him from killing Claudius at the opportune of the ReformationMarcellus, Horatio, Hamlet, and the Ghost by Henry has also been suggested that Hamlet's hesitations may also be rooted in the religious beliefs of Shakespeare's time. The Reformation had generated debate about the existence of purgatory (where King Hamlet claims he currently resides). The concept of purgatory is a Catholic one, and was frowned on in Protestant England. It is possible that Hamlet's own logic ought to be taken seriously. Hamlet says that he will not kill his uncle because death would send him straight to heaven, while his father (having died without foreknowledge of his death) is in purgatory doing penance for his. Hamlet's opportunity to kill his uncle comes just after the uncle has supposedly made his peace with God. Hamlet says that he would much rather take a stab at the murderer while he is frolicking in the incestuous sheets, or gambling and drinking, so he could be sure of his going straight to interpretationErnest Jones, following the work of Freud, held that Hamlet suffered from the 'Oedipus complex'. He said in his essay "The Oedipus-Complex as An Explanation of Hamlet's Mystery: A Study in Motive":His moral fate is bound up with his uncle's for good or ill. The call of duty to slay his uncle cannot be obeyed because it links itself with the call of his nature to slay his mother's husband, whether this is the first or the second; the latter call is strongly "repressed," and therefore necessarily the former , Harold Bloom did a "Shakespearean Criticism" of Freud's work in a mirror of the audienceInnokenty Smoktunovsky as Hamlet in the acclaimed 1964 film by Grigori has also been suggested that Hamlet, who is described by Ophelia as "th’ expectancy and rose of the fair state, / The glass of fashion and the mould of form" (Act III, Scene i, lines 148-9), is ultimately a reflection of all of the interpretations possessed by other characters in the play—and perhaps also by the members of an audience watching him. Polonius, most obviously, has a habit of misreading his own expectations into Hamlet’s actions ("Still harping on my daughter!"), though many other characters in the play participate in analogous has a similar tendency to interpret all of her son’s activities as the result of her "o’erhasty marriage" alone. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern tend to find the stalled ambitions of a courtier in their former schoolmate’s behaviour, whereas Claudius seems to be concerned with Hamlet’s motivation only so far as it reveals the degree to which his nephew is a potential threat. Ophelia, like her father, waits in vain for Hamlet to give her signs of affection, and Horatio would have little reason to think that Hamlet was concerned with anything more pressing than the commandment of the ghost. And the First Gravedigger seems to think that Prince Hamlet, like that "whoreson mad fellow” Yorick, is simply insane without any need for explanation. Several critics, including Stephen Booth and William Empson have further investigated the analogous relationship between Hamlet, the play, and its , over the last four centuries Prince Hamlet has become an icon in the entire western consciousness: the definition of what it means to be intelligent, and perhaps, fully 's parallels with other charactersOne aspect of Hamlet's character is the way in which he reflects other characters, including the play's primary antagonist, Claudius. In the play within a play, for instance, Gonzago, the king, is murdered in the garden by his nephew, Lucianus; although King Hamlet is murdered by his brother, in the Mousetrap , the regicide is a nephew, like Prince Hamlet. However, it is also worth noting that each of the characters in the play-within-a-play maps to two major characters in Hamlet, an instance of the play's many doubles:Lucianus, like Hamlet, is both a regicide and a nephew to the king; like Claudius, he is a regicide that operates by pouring poison into Player King, like Hamlet, is an erratic melancholic; like King Hamlet, he is poisoned via his ear while reclining in his Player Queen, like Ophelia, attends to a character that is "so far from cheer and from [a] former state"; like Gertrude, she remarries a is also, in some form, a reflection of most other characters in the play (or perhaps vice versa):Hamlet, Laertes, Fortinbras and Pyrrhus are all avenging sons. Hamlet and Laertes both blame Claudius for the death of their fathers. Hamlet and Pyrrhus are both seized by inaction at some point in their respective narratives and each avenges his father. Hamlet and Fortinbras both have plans that are thwarted by uncles that are also , Rosencrantz, Guildenstern, Osric and Polonius are all , his father, Bernardo, Marcellus, Francisco, Fortinbras and several other characters are all and his father share a name (as do Fortinbras and his father).Hamlet, Horatio, Rosencrantz, Guildenstern and Laertes are all , his father, Gertrude and Claudius are all members of the Royal Family. Each of them is also killed by poison -- poison that Claudius is responsible and Ophelia are each rebuked by their surviving parent in subsequent scenes; the surviving parent of each happens to be of the opposite gender. Both also enter scenes reading books and there is a contrast between the (possibly) pretend madness of Hamlet and the very real insanity of , Horatio, Polonius, Rosencrantz, Guildenstern and Claudius are each "lawful espials" at some point in the play.

哈姆雷特主题论文

一部人类心灵咏唱出的伟大史诗，崇高和卑下、可怕和可笑、英雄和丑角的奇妙的混合，完成于1601年的《哈姆雷特》，是文艺复兴时期的巨人——莎士比亚戏剧创作的最高成就。哈姆雷特是一个刻画得极为成功的艺术形象，他像我们每一个人一样真实，但又要比我们伟大。哈姆雷特在我心目中始终是一个英雄，一个充满了悲剧美的英雄。悲剧具有一种深刻的美，悲剧存在的意义就在于，它不只是为了赢得人们一滴同情的眼泪，而是要通过悲剧产生、发展、结局的整个过程唤起人们对生命意义的严肃思索。莎士比亚所塑造的哈姆雷特这一艺术形象及其性格特点，正是遵循了悲剧艺术的特征，从而使哈姆雷特的塑造取得了巨大的成功。在《哈姆雷特》这一不朽剧作中，始终存在着善良与邪恶等一系列激烈的矛盾冲突。哈姆雷特作为该剧的主要角色，他的命运不可避免地处于这激烈矛盾冲突的漩涡之中。身为王子的哈姆雷特被莎翁塑造为生命之美的典型，他年轻英俊，坚毅勇敢，热爱自己的国家，热爱自己的父王和母后，有着心爱的恋人奥菲莉娅，可以说，他的生命正处于人生最美好的时刻。然而，这美好的生命时光瞬息之间又消失了，他是处于一种什么样的环境之中呢？我们看到，当时的丹麦宫廷一片混乱，老王奇怪地驾崩，王后改嫁新王，国外敌军压境，国内群情激愤、一触即发，而宫中却在通宵达旦地酗酒取乐，这一切，都在哈姆雷特年轻美好的生命中投下了巨大的阴影，从而使他郁郁寡欢，认为人间不过是“一个荒芜不治的花园，长满了恶毒的莠草”，这些已经为王子年轻的生命注入了悲剧的因素。随着老王鬼魂的出现，宫廷内幕的揭开，谋杀罪行的暴露，王子心中烈火的燃起，悲剧的帷幕拉开了……面对阴险奸诈的新王，哈姆雷特开始了孤身复仇的行动：为了复仇，他失手杀死了恋人的父亲；为了复仇，他佯装疯狂失去了深爱的情人；为了复仇，他对软弱的母亲冷言相向；为了复仇，他忍受着失去友情的痛苦。最后，在一场血淋淋的宫廷决斗中，他虽然杀死了阴险狡诈的新王，但自己的生命也结束在这“牢狱”般的宫廷中。鲁迅曾经说过：“悲剧就是将人生的有价值的东西毁灭给人看。”哈姆雷特作为一个深受广大群众爱戴的王子，他身上具备整顿局势、治理国家、报仇雪恨的能力。然而面对着以阴险奸诈的新王为代表的强大的封建势力，作为一个资产阶级人文主义者，他始终把这种和人民紧密相连的事业看做个人的仇恨而孤军奋战，因此，他的悲剧既是真善美与邪恶力量相冲突的悲剧，也是一个人文主义者时代的悲剧。《哈姆雷特》这部巨作给我的力量与思索是巨大而无穷的……

主要内容：哈姆雷特是一个人的名字，这个人是一个国家的王子 主要讲的是一个王子为父报仇，杀了他的叔叔的故事。 他的叔叔为了夺取王位，把毒药倒进了国王也就是哈姆雷特的父亲的耳朵里，杀死了国王，娶了皇后也就是他的嫂子，哈姆雷特的母亲，哈姆雷特回国后，收到父亲的托梦， 知道了真相。而此时的假国王也知道哈姆雷特相除掉他而想除掉哈姆雷特，假国王想借用比剑的机会，用有毒剑杀死哈姆雷特，若哈姆雷特没有被毒剑所伤，就以奖励为借口让哈姆雷特喝下放入钻石的美酒，当然钻石上涂有毒药。但是最终，哈姆雷特在比试中获胜，毒酒被他的母亲喝了，他杀死了他的叔叔，同时它也被毒剑刺中，牺牲了！ 目的：我们面对绝望的存在，在矛盾中摸索真理，在迷雾中找寻真相，在两难问题里作出行动，在一个失去标准与可以衡量标准的尺度的世界里重建价值的体系与精神大厦…… 哈姆雷特是不完美的，有时他的抉择是非理性的，相当冲动的，比如当他在激怒之下一剑刺死他误以为是国王的波洛涅斯时，然而或许正是他这种不理智的抉择，这种人性的弱点的表现，让我们打心底里接受和认同他的艺术形象，因为我们常常可以在自己身上看见他的影子……

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