红与黑毕业论文英语
读完一本名著以后，想必你有不少可以分享的东西，这时候，最关键的读书笔记怎么能落下！但是读书笔记有什么要求呢？下面是我精心整理的'红与黑的读书笔记英语，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。
The book I read this week entittled the Red and the Black, which is undoubtedly among the best liturature works. As a person who haven’t had much knowledge in literature, any comments on this work seem to be rather naive and even sort of reckless. But this is the only book I have access to recently. With much deliberation, I would like to write down following words.
The book mainly tells a story about a man named Julien, who came from a carpenter’s family and got a shrewd father and two elder brothers characterized by huge size and rudeness. Though he wasn’t quite athletic, he got talent with his memory. He could recite the whole contents of the Bible, which made him admired by people around him and win him a job as a family teacher. And this is the part where our story begins. Under his gorgeous face, there exists a relentless lust for fortune, power and status, all of which derive from his persuit of happiness, dignity and freedom and finally contributed to his downfall. He worshiped Nepolen the most, and he is willing to die a thousand times to win his success. He desires for love, yet sometimes he used it as a tool to obtain his status and power. However, he had never given up showing his sympathy for the poor and contempt to the Noble. His pureness blended together with ambition and felt self-abased and conceited at the same time. As a young man, he ignored what’s really important for him—being loved. And he just realized this until death was around the corner. The story is a tragedy, for he hasn’t got what he wanted in the end and he sacrificed too much for his
contemporary fame and fortune. At the last few hours of his life, those happy times he spent with his loved ones gave him courage to face death penalty with calm . when he realized that he didn’t have to tolerate the world filled with fakeness or put a mask on his face, he died with ease. Julien stands for the group of people coming from the low class in the society and hope to achieve success with their own efforts. These people usually don’t have the necessary conditions to become successful, but they will by no means stop trying or let God tells them what their lives should be like, instead, they are willing to sacrifice anything to realize their dreams and earn their dignity. For these people, no matter what the consequences their struggle may be, I should forever pay my tribute to them. To some extent, they are the makers of the world.
The writer writing unfolds, first is entire French society's one typical window -----small city Varriale's political pattern. The aristocrat is born German Switzerland that mayor is restores the dynasty in here highest representative, the maintenance restoration political power, prevents the bourgeoisie free party member is in power in politics regards as the inherent responsibilities. Poor collection post manager Valno the promise originally is the petty bourgeois, as a result of hires oneself the church secret
organization saint can obtain the now the fat difference, thus oneself with restoration political power hitch in same place.
Transcription hall Father Maslon is the spy which the church sends, all people's words and deeds all under his surveillance, the time which mutually supports in this king place and the sacrificial altar, is person which wields great power with great arrogance. These three people constitute " Three heads Politic ", reflected the restoration influence the aspect which you the city arrogated all powers to oneself in their opposite, is a large number, has the huge economic potentiality aggressive bourgeoisie free party member. Stendhal describes to the people guarantees king party member's be domineering and tyrannical, on the one hand again let the people draw such conclusion: Grasps has the economic potentiality the bourgeoisie, also will decide in politics is the final victor. 《 The Red and the Black 》 the book in circulation revolutionized in July, 1830 before, takes charge of soup reaches unexpectedly picture is understands clearly historical movement this one inevitably tends to.
如果简单讲就是：It chronicles the attempts of a provincial young man to rise socially beyond his modest upbringing through a combination of talent, hard work, deception, and hypocrisy—yet who ultimately allows his passions to betray him.但是两本书的具体一点儿的介绍就是：Book I presents Julien Sorel, the ambitious son of a carpenter in the fictional village of Verrières, in Franche-Comté, France. He would rather read and daydream about the glory days of Napoleon's long-disbanded army than work his father’s timber business with his brothers, who beat him for his intellectualaffectations. He becomes an acolyte of the abbé Chélan, the local Catholic prelate, who later secures him a job tutoring the children of Monsieur de Rênal, the mayor of Verrières. Although he appears to be a pious, austere cleric, Julien is uninterested in the Bible beyond its literary value and how he can use memorised passages (learnt in Latin) to impress important enters a love affair with Monsieur de Rênal’s wife, which ends when it is revealed to the village by her chambermaid, Elisa, who is also in love with Julien. The abbé Chélan orders Julien to a seminary in Besançon, which he finds intellectually stifling and pervaded with social cliques. The initially cynical seminary director, the abbé Pirard (a Jansenist even more hated than Jesuits within the diocese), likes Julien and becomes his protector. Disgusted by the Church’s political machinations, the abbé Pirard leaves the seminary, first rescuing Julien from the persecution he would have suffered as his protégé, by recommending him as private secretary to the diplomat Marquis de la Mole, a Roman Catholic II takes place in the years leading up to the July Revolution of 1830. During this time Julien Sorel lives in Paris as an employee of the de la Mole family. Despite his moving among high society and his intellectual talents, the family and their friends condescend to Julien for being an uncouth plebeian. Meanwhile, Julien is acutely aware of the materialism and hypocrisy that permeate the Parisian élite, and that the counter-revolutionary temper of the time renders it impossible for even well-born men of superior intellect and æsthetic sensibility to participate in the nation's public Marquis de la Mole takes Julien to a secret meeting, then despatches him on a dangerous mission to communicate a letter (Julien has it memorised) to the Duc d'Angouleme, who is exiled in England; however, the callow Julien is mentally distracted by an unsatisfying love affair, and thus only learns the message by rote, missing its political significance as a legitimist plot. Unwittingly, he risks his life in service to the right-wing monarchists he most opposes; to himself, he rationalises these actions as merely helping the Marquis, his employer, whom he , the Marquis’s bored daughter, Mathilde de la Mole, has become emotionally torn between her romantic attraction to Julien, for his admirable personal and intellectual qualities, and her social repugnance at becoming sexually intimate with a lower-class man. At first, he finds her unattractive, but his interest is piqued by her attentions and the admiration she inspires in others; twice, she seduces and rejects him, leaving him in a miasma of despair, self-doubt, and happiness (for having won her over her aristocratic suitors). Only during his secret mission does he gain the key to winning her affections: a cynical jeu d’amour (game of love) taught to him by Prince Korasoff, a Russian man-of-the-world. At great emotional cost, Julien feigns indifference to Mathilde, provoking her jealousy with a sheaf of love-letters meant to woo Madame de Fervaques, a widow in the social circle of the de la Mole family. Consequently, Mathilde sincerely falls in love with Julien, eventually revealing to him that she carries his child; despite this, whilst he is on diplomatic mission in England, she becomes officially engaged to Monsieur de Croisenois, an amiable, rich young man, heir to a of Julien’s romantic liaison with Mathilde, the Marquis de la Mole is angered, but relents before her determination and his affection for Julien, and bestows upon Julien an income-producing property attached to an aristocratic title, and a military commission in the army. Although ready to bless their marriage, he changes his mind after receiving the reply to a character-reference-letter he wrote to the abbé Chélan, Julien’s previous employer in the village of Verrières; the reply letter, written by Madame de Rênal—at the urging of her confessor priest—warns the Marquis that Julien Sorel is a social-climbing cad who preys upon emotionally vulnerable learning of the Marquis’s disapproval of the marriage, Julien Sorel travels back to Verrières and shoots Madame de Rênal during Mass in the village church; she survives, but Julien is imprisoned and sentenced to death. Mathilde tries to save him by bribing local officials, and Madame de Rênal, still in love with Julien, refuses to testify and asks for his acquittal. Despite this, along with the efforts of priests who have looked after him since his early childhood, Julien Sorel is determined to die because the materialist society of Bourbon Restoration France will not accommodate a low-born man of superior intellect and æsthetic sensibility who possesses neither money nor social , the presumptive duke, Monsieur de Croisenois, one of the fortunate few of Bourbon France, is killed in a duel fought over a slur upon the honour of Mathilde de la Mole. Her undiminished love for Julien, his imperiously intellectual nature, and its component romantic exhibitionism, render Mathilde’s prison visits to him a Julien learns he did not kill Madame de Rênal, his genuine love for her is resurrected—having lain dormant throughout his Parisian time—and she continues to visit him in jail. After he is guillotined, Mathilde de la Mole re-enacts the cherished 16th-century French tale of Queen Margot, who visited her dead lover, Joseph Boniface de La Mole, to kiss the lips of his severed head. She makes a shrine of his tomb in the Italian fashion. Madame de Rênal, more quietly, dies in the arms of her children.如对于我的解答有问题，欢迎继续追问～如果满意，请点击“采纳为满意答案”，谢谢：）
"It is because I was mad and then that today I am wise. O philosopher, you who take an instantaneous view of filings, how short are your perspectives! Your eye is not desired to follow the underground workings of passions."---W. GOETHE一、Brief introduction to the novel The material of the Red and the Black stems from a judgment of a local court, saying that a tutor murdered his female master since he was fall in love with her heavily and, how terribly it is, he had adultery relationship with his female master. Julien ,who is the key figure in this novel ,was a son of a carpenter in Verrieres(维里埃尔), in which every people was selfish, arrogant and eager to be moneybags .He had seen the troops of Napoléon Bonaparte in his childhood, reed certain works of Loescher and the declaration of Napoléon Bonaparte`s army. Although Julien had dreamed to be a general when he was a child under such influence, he abandoned his ideal but turned to be an excellent curate with the time passing by. Julien acted as a tutor for the mayor of Verrieres in his age of nineteen out of his unique talent for Bible comprehension, undoubtedly, it is a blockbuster for Julien, the commonest in all commons of inhabitants of Verrieres in his lifetime stage. There is an old saying goes that each coin has two sides, Julien was felled in love with M. cie Renal , who was “extremely shy and seemed highly impressionable” (英语学习大书虫研究室:《红与黑》,译林出版社,第13页) , was the wife of M. de Rtenal . It was this love that brings demon to Julien, even to his life. Julien had to give up this fat case after revealing his love story and was recommended by abbe Pirard to De La Mole, the brilliant politician in Paris, as his private secretary. Fortunately, something seems precious, had been lost in the last, and is now on the way home when he set his foot in De La Mole’s home. Julien, after a long period pursuing, achieved his lifetime goal that becoming a member of upper class eventually through his marriage with the daughter of DE La Mole, Mathilde, although De La Mole was forced to acknowledge that. But something unexpected happened, M. cie Renal was lured to write a letter to De La Mole to tell him their love story with Julien, De La Mole was filled with anger at the way he had been tricked by Julien and refused to accept Julien any more immediately. As soon as news of tragedy was taken to Julien, shock waves spread rapidly to all parts of his brain, to get publicity and trust back, Julien used shock tactics, that is to say, taking a shot at M. cie Renal, the wife of the mayor of Verrieres. When it comes to the end, each cool head could have the same image:“ she (Mathilde) was lighting a number of candles…… she had placed Julien’s head on a little marble table in front of her, and she was kissing his forehead…… ”(英语学习大书虫研究室:《红与黑》,译林出版社,第569页) 二、Personal comments on this novel (一) 、Julien is a liberator This viewpoint may be disputed by many people; I still believe that it is Julient which brought free ideology to such women who were being long term oppression. Chairman Mao had said that “You said Julien had destroyed others’ family, even a happy family, this comment is not objective. Actually, such a happy family cannot be destroyed, if it were true, it would be unhappy obviously. That family has oppression, therefore, where is oppression, where is revolt. This is called reacting force, I am sure Julien is the liberator which helps Madame to carry on the revolt.” As every body knows that Julien is the commonest in lower class, he has ambition that changing his mortal status which prevent him from entering upper class and having highly self-development, although his tactics seemed too harsh or, at least, aggressive, he had spared no effort to pursuit what he believes belongs to his inner heart, let alone love between M. cie Renal and Mathilde. What causes Julien’s death is not his immoral or illegal behaviors but the need of the politician’s nasty competition for respective political profits. Julien is a liberator because his words and behaviors’ influence had set an idol for the publicity, even the representative of upper class, M. cie Renal, we can see these lines in the ending of this novel: “M. cie Renal was faith to her promise. She did not seek in any way at all to take her own life; but three days after Julien (Julien’ death), she died with her children in her arms.” (英语学习大书虫研究室:《红与黑》,译林出版社,第569页). Without Julien’s influences, the ideology of revolt, even lightly disobey to such oppression could not be a little spark. Julien’s death just the incident which sparked off a whole chain of disasters to the system of society, Julien became the deaf lamb of political tricks, whose miserable life showing to us just the initial intention of the writer to write this tragedy, that is to say, to reveal such nasty secrets behind pert faces. (二) 、The artistic feature of this novel 1、Realism Stendhal , the author of this novel, who was “the first one to reveal capitalism’s feature after its victory ”(《列宁选集》，中华书局，第473页), is a realist writer. In this novel , all sentences and words 、attitudes and behavior based on the acceptance of facts and the rejection of sentiment and illusion. He is loyal to portrayal of familiar things as they are without idealizing them a little, the material of the story stems from a judgment of a local court, saying that a tutor murdered his female master since he was fall in love with her heavily and, how terribly it is, he had adultery relationship with his female master. It was that document which gives Stendhal inspiration to write this world-famous work and aim at revealing the cruelty、 darkness 、bitterness of living in capitalism society and extremely selfish for respective profits. 2、Educational No one could dispute that each reader of this novel would find the experience of such characters most educational, you could find out your own shadow somehow when compared to them, which is the extraordinary charming, having unique power, or, overwhelming. Let me go straightly, Julien’s personal experience was a mirror to us youth who want to make difference in the world in his lifespan and his tragedy just justify what said by Arabham Lincon: “you can fool all the people some of the time, some of the people all the time, but you cannot fool all the people all the time.” 3、Critical The Red and the Black is not popular in the current critical climate of that age, some literary criticism even spoke critically of S. History always goes forward by justice, she taught us trying to develop a more critical attitude, instead of accepting everything at face value. With time went by, this terrific work receive palms from publicity gradually, hundreds of years gone, it has formed formidable influence and dominated Google searching net last three years. What he intents to reveal is becoming obviously in modern capitalism society nowadays, more and more literalists has learnt his literary style, making more and more extraordinary contribution to the harmonious relationship to each respect. It is the Red and the Black that help us to know capitalism more profoundly.
红与黑的英文毕业论文
可以这样写，如果你单纯写文学作品的对比，不如反映社会想象的好，具体你可以加我！
英语专业论文选题可分为以下几个学科方向
英语是全球化时代绝大多数国际型活动的首选工作语言。作为公认的使用最普遍的国际通用语言或全球通用语，英语被广泛地运用于会议、期刊和图书出版、新闻传播等方面。以下是我精心整理的英语专业论文选题可分为以下几个学科方向，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
一、 语言学(语言学一般理论的研究);
二、 英美文学(英美文学的文化研究、作品分析等);
三、 翻译学(翻译理论与实践探讨、译本研究以及名家名著翻译作品对比研究等);
四、 英美文化(英美加澳新等西方国家文化以及与汉文化的比较研究);
五、 教学法(英语教学法、测试学等方面的研究)。
英语专业毕业论文什么题目最好写?
作为英专毕业学姐，我认为翻译实践报告最好写，因为翻译一篇文章的论文只需要自己好好翻就行，不需要出门做实践调查问卷。
附：英语专业论文参考选题(Suggested Topics of Graduation Papers for English Majors)
1. A Brief Analysis of the Heroine Personality in Jane Eyre 《简爱》的主人翁个性分析
2. A Brief Comment on O’Henry Short Stories 亨利的短篇小说述评
3. A Comment on Hardy’s Fatalism 评哈代的宿命论
4. A Comparison between the Themes of Pilgrimage to the West and Pilgrim’s Progress 《西游记》与《天路历程》主题的比较
5. A Probe into the Feminist Idea of Jane Eyre 《简爱》男女平等思想的探索
6. A Study of Native American Literature 美国本土文学的研究
7. A Study of Student-Centered English Vocabulary Teaching 以学生为中心的英语词汇教学
8. A Study of the Translation of Sports Terms 体育专有名词的翻译
9. A Study of Transitional Words and Expressions 过渡词及表达法的研究
10. About the Breaking of American Dream from the Great Gatsby 从《了不起的盖茨比》看美国梦的破碎
11. About the Quality-oriented Education in English Language Teaching 英语教学中的素质教育
12. About Transform of Parts of Speech in Translation 论翻译中词性的转换
13. Application of English Idioms in Daily Life 英语习语在日常生活中的运用
14. Body Language Difference in Meaning in Cross-cultural Communication 体态语在跨文化交际中的意义差异
15. Characterization in Charles Dickens’ Novels 狄更斯小说中的人物塑造
16. Choice of Correct Words in Translation在翻译中如何准确选词
17. Comment on Bernard Shaw’s Dramatic Art 评肖伯纳的戏剧艺术
18. Comparing First and Second Language Acquisitions 二语习得与母语的比较研究
19. Cross-culture Failures by Chinese learners of English中国英语学习者跨文化交际中的误区
20. Cultural Differences and Idiomatic Expressions in Translation 论翻译中的文化差异及习惯表达法
21. Cultural Factors and Limitations in Translation 翻译的文化因素局限性
22. Developing Students’ Cultural Awareness through Foreign Language Teaching 通过外语教学培养学生的文化意识
23. Dialectics in Translation 翻译中的辩证法
24. Differences between Audio-lingual Method and Functional Approach 听说法与交际法的区别
25. Effects of Learner’s Motivation in Foreign Language Learning 外语学习中学习动机的影响
26. English Classroom Teaching: Teacher-dominant or Student-centered 英语课堂教学——教师主宰还是学生中心
27. Error Analysis in English Learning as a Foreign Language 英语学习中的错误分析研究
28. Euphemistic Expressions in Foreign Affairs 外事用语中的委婉表达
29. Features of Network English 网络英语的特点
30. Food Culture in America and China 中美饮食文化比较
31. How to Appreciate English Prose: Traditional and Modern Ways 如何欣赏英语散文——传统与现代方法比较
32. Humor and Satire in Pride and Prejudice 《傲慢与偏见》的幽默与讽刺
33. Influence of Mark Twain’s Works in China 马克吐温的`作品在中国的影响
34. Influence of Science and Technology on English Vocabulary 科学技术对英语词汇的影响
35. Information Theory and Translation 信息论与翻译
36. Inter-Translation of English and Chinese Proverbs 英汉谚语的互译
37. Jane Austen and the Heroine in Pride and Prejudice 简奥丝丁和《傲慢与偏见》的女主人
38. Lexical Gaps in Chinese and English Inter-Translation 英汉互译的词义差异
39. Linguistic Features of Abraham Lincoln’s Addresses 论林肯演说词的语言特征
40. Linguistic Features of Business Contracts 商务合同的语言特征
41. Linguistic Features of English Advertisements 英语广告的语言特征
42. Linguistic Taboos in Chinese and English Languages 谈汉英语言中的禁忌现象
43. Logical Fallacies in English Writing 英文写作中的逻辑谬误
44. Metaphoric Expressions in Poem … 论《…》诗中的暗喻
45. Methods and Procedures in Language Teaching 语言教学的方法及过程
46. Needs Analysis of Language Learners 语言学习者的需求分析
47. On Attitudes and Motivation in Second Language Learning 论第二语言学习的态度及动机
48. On Charles Dickens Style in … 论狄更斯的《…》中的语言风格
49. On . Eliot’s Mythological Consciousness 论艾略特的神话意识
50. On Teacher-Learner Classroom Communication 论教师与学生之间的课堂交流
51. On the Character of Shylock in The Merchant of Venice 论《威尼斯商人》中的人物夏洛克
52. On the Criteria of Translation 议翻译标准
53. On the Development of Jane Eyre’s Character 论简爱的性格发展
54. On the Feasibility of Communicative Approach in China 谈交际法在中国的可行性
55. On the Functions of Ambiguity in English 论英语歧义的功能
56. On the Humour of Mark Twain 马克吐温的幽默观
57. On the Importance of Translation Theory 翻译理论的重要性
58. On the Learning Strategy of English as a Foreign language 谈英语的学习策略
59. On the Linguistic Features of the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 《哈克贝利费恩历险记》的语言特点
60. On the Poetry of Robert Frost (1874-1963) 评议弗罗斯特的诗歌
61. On the Poetry of William Wordsworth (1770-1885) 评议沃兹沃斯的诗歌
62. On the Principles for Translation 浅议翻译原则
63. On the Relations of Basic Language Skills 基本语言技能的关系
64. On the Similarities and Differences of the Speeches by Elder and Younger Bush 论老布什、小布什语言风格的异同
65. On the Style of Withering Heights 《呼啸山庄》的文体分析
66. On the Tragedy of Loman’s Family in Death of A Salesman 《推销员之死》中罗曼一家的悲剧
67. On the Vividness and Images in Poem … 论《…》诗文的生动性与比喻
68. On the Words and Expressions Belittling the Female 蔑视女性的词汇和表达法
69. On the Writing / Translation of Foreign Trade Contracts 论涉外经济合同写作/翻译
70. On Translation of Computer Terms 论计算机的术语翻译
71. On Translation of Tourist Guide 论旅游指南的翻译
72. On Translation of Trade Names and Names of Export Commodities 论商标、出口商品名称的翻译
73. On Winston Churchill’s Prose Writing 评邱吉尔的散文写作
74. Parallelism in English英语中的排比现象
75. Personality Factors to the Success of Foreign Language Learning 个性因素在外语学习中的作用
76. Points of View and the Mode of Discourse in Vanity Fair 论《名利场》的观点及言语方式
77. Politeness and Indirect Speech Acts 礼貌与间接言语行为
78. Pragmatic Failures in the Cross-cultural Communication 跨文化交际中的语用失误
79. Professional Skills for Foreign Language Teachers in Chinese Middle Schools 中国中学外语教师的专业技能
80. Relations of Speed and Understandability in Reading Comprehension 阅读理解中速度与理解性之间的关系
81. Relationship between … Theory and Language Research 论…理论与语言研究的关系
82. Relationship of Age to SLA (Second Language Acquisition) 论年龄与第二语言习得的关系
83. Rhetorical and Narrative Devices in A Farewell to Arms 《永别了，武器》的修辞与描写手法
84. Scarlet and Black in The Scarlet Letter 《红字》中的红与黑
85. Semantic Analysis of Nominalisation in EST 科技英语名词化语义分析
86. Sex Differentiation and Sexism in English Language 论英语中的性别现象及性别歧视
87. Similarities and Dissimilarities of British and American Englishes论英式英语和美式英语的异同
88. Social Context in the Foreign Language Teaching and Learning 外语教学中的社会语境
89. Study of “Hemingway Style” 论“海明威风格”
90. Symbolism in Idiomatic Expressions 论习语中的象征手法
91. Syntactical Features of Business English 谈商务英语写作的句法特征
92. Syntax in John Milton’s Paradise Lost 弥尔顿的《失乐园》的句法探讨
93. Techniques of Theme Production in Wuthering Heights 《呼啸山庄》主题的表现手法
94. The Application of Communicative Approach Techniques in Modern Foreign Language Teaching and Learning 交际法的教学手段在现代外语教学中的运用
95. The Characteristics of Computer Language Vocabulary 计算机语言词汇的特点
96. The Cognitive and Affective Factors in Task-based English Teaching英语任务型教学中的认知和情感因素
97. The E/C Translation of Metaphors 暗喻的英汉翻译
98. The Function of Grammar in English Study 英语学习中语法的功能
99. The Influence of L1 on the Learning of a Foreign Language 母语对外语学习的影响
100. The Influence of Wars on American Literature 战争对美国文学的影响
101. The Linguistic Charms of the Adventures of Tom Sawyer 《汤姆索亚历险记》的语言魅力
102. The Negation in Translation 论正说反译和反说正译
103. The Role of Grammatical Rules in English Language Learning 语法规则在英语学习中的地位
104. The Significance of Communicative Competence in Foreign Language Testing 外语测试中交际能力的重要性
105. The Theory of “Dynamic Equivalence” and its Application in E/C Translation 等效翻译理论及其在英汉翻译中的应用
106. The Translation of Proper Names 专有名词的翻译
107. The Understanding and Translation of Attributive Clause 定语从句的理解与翻译
108. The Use of Nouns in English 英语中名词的使用
109. The Ways of Expressing Emphatic Ideas in English 英语中强调语气的表达方式
110. Thomas Hardy and his Tess of the D’Urbervilles 哈代和他的《苔丝》
111. Translation of Rhetoric Devices in EST (English for Science and Technology) 论科技英语中修辞格的翻译方法
112. Translation Techniques of Idioms and Slangs 成语、俚语的翻译技巧
113. Translation Techniques of Proverbs, Loanwords and Colloquialisms 谚语、外来语和俗语的翻译技巧
红与黑读后感 范文一：Read the red and black "is a time too long process, because time already gave writers and works most selfless and impartial judge, I like reading attitude to bestseller since can't, and can't be like that unbridled fiction was noncommittal on that. I'm in with the mind talking with that era, the key is in history outside of the inquiry and me finish the book is gnaw its own great charm. The authors from a paper simple criminal case showed that time data broader social screen, turn an ordinary criminal improve to early nineteenth century French bourgeoisie social system, make the level of the research history and philosophy. Novel makes me see history books in curt inability to feel, that France and bourgeois big noble alternating the key period of ruling the condition. I learn realistic works of another kind of artistic characteristics of the world of people - 1783 stendhal "soul dialectics"; This and I had from the high old man ", "ouye ni · lattice lang sets of Balzac in" the experience "caused a person's circumstances" very most dazzling encyclopedia is literary history famous characters, in SuoLeiEr natural is even higher, "civilian background, culture, as happened with the hostess governess, relationships, dew, the shot that lover, was sentenced to death" is his life's skeleton, "pursue" happy "warm" and "perseverance and class differences revolt showed almost hero's spirit is moving flesh and blood. The author USES desalt material description and highlight the gimmick of mind tracking, it is to strengthen the impulse even in youth pursuit of "the hero's dream" experience, this is the social form of resistance, but also for proudlly, our lost youth ambition in social reality when hampering only two choices: retreats or resistance. Those small staff in advance, not all the youth is complaining life tedious withdraws person, they maybe mediocrity comfortably was social forward eliminated. Can continually establish a life goal, decided to achieve the ideal of life is and YuLianYou masculine-looking same protesters. The era of course not welcome false words as the method, but still need enthusiasm for life to oppose empty to live. So, in the end even tragic except shows "personal rebellion won't work" outside, the more practical significance in today's so far, leads to the novel to a "firsts" -- made with DE pepe reina in even Mrs "spiritual love" and to connect with DE la Moore young lady "mind love" set each other off becomes an interest. Although the two aristocratic way of love, a very different deep, a frantic, they in these two basic points is consistent, that is: to this class of disgust, MenFa system and rebellious feudal. Remember when julien jeanvier find their love is morphing into vanity said "I put their tools can be destroyed", after the detail is "a proud with malicious expression between the most sincere quickly replaced the most intense love, look." The noble from miss is always slow as the tortoise climb, like life, with a loss of dignity method. Evoked love Book two paragraphs of tragic love has always been with the progress of the upstart dominated and even inferiority in the suspect, until brought life shall be the end, love that broke the futility of primitive sparks, a I will put pen to write with consciousness, found that when the time already can feel with the time with a psychic reading the original compared. I'm excited to gain against mediocre revelation, moved by those although distortion and still heroic love segments. When someone mentioned "red and black", I can proudly in response to "I read" behind plus a "I also YanJuan meditation of".红与黑读后感 范文二：In even the fate of bellaire. Cable gladne affects me. Throughout his extremely short, but is full of twists of young life, flowing turmoil with too many contradictions and complex. To this, people can make a lot of judgment -- a small SiYouZhe blind pursue personal interests tragedy. An ambitious destruction; A feudal fighter sacrifice, etc. All have views, but are sensible. I think, said even a individualism in would be nice but ambitious than a the pursuit of happiness and unfortunate went wrong people more precisely. Natural this wrong not simply take a memorized the means of social morality, but from his mind deeper contradictions in all his life in the pursuit of happiness. Though he, but humble origins to education, and by good with outstanding wisdom, so his future in the so-called these parisians of society. What is happiness, and how to achieve happiness, is puzzling humanity for thousands of years, also puzzling our in even. In their mind, happiness and no exact standard, just in his deceit, in his vigilance, his another "battle plan" in its implementation. He is the first out of the abuse and happiness, custom for Mrs. Leonard lauder's front perform "some responsibility" and happiness, as proud mathilde in front of your happiness, for yield fictions and happy again the hell. He desire happiness, eager to rocketing, he vowed that he would rather die a thousand times will make a meteoric rise. Therefore, he made a and a "war plan", use all sorts of false means, he superman wisdom play incisively and vividly. But after all, he is a good young plant, so in often of happiness, he will ask yourself, deeply remorse. Therefore, his plan always loopholes, always is found that even in this kind of happiness in the standard in society and others standard for the standard, the pursuit of others and the society admits. In essence, he didn't get much joy and happiness, on the contrary make him in a tense state, just feel "happy to the extreme," running in excitement, an "ambitious ecstasy" realization, just a moment's passion, the rest is thinking about then should make a plan. These so-called happiness is only in summons, even to sacrifice the representation essence. When he thought Mrs. Leonard lauder's letter ruined his happiness, he thought of revenge, was eventually put into prison. Instead, make him in prison released from social bondage, freedom. He unloaded all camouflage and masks a bygone, find the true self, also found the essence of happiness. He gave up the escape and appeal, can sincerely treat every friend, frankly, in in the love, we also even with strong interest. Because in the successful happiness then destruction even with his love of close contact. His two lovers - Mrs. Leonard lauder's and mathilda with short and struggle of life, so might as well to see even respectively with the two lovers in the romance. Julien jeanvier and Mrs. Leonard lauder's love for her even began to temptation. At first, he just in the performance of the so-called "responsibility", this is a kind of noble Lord retaliation, a vanity of satisfy. But Mrs. Leonard lauder's the kind, honest, gentle deeply moved to even. A period of time, he fell madly in love with Mrs. Leonard lauder's. Unfortunately this loving and soon occupied by various ambition, until finally and grubby, outbreaks.红与黑读后感 范文一：读《红与黑》是一段太过漫长的过程，因为时间已给了作家和作品最无私而又公正的评判，我的阅读态度自不能像对畅销书那样肆无忌惮，又不能像对言情小说那样不置可否。我是在用心灵去与那个时代交谈，重点也放在历史以外的探究和思考。引领我啃完着本书的是其本身的巨大魅力。作者从一纸简单的刑事案件资料中展示出那个时代广阔的社会画面，把一个普通的刑事罪行提高到对十九世纪初期法国资产阶级社会制度，进行历史和哲学研究的水平。小说令我看到在生硬的历史书上无法感受的，那段法国大贵族和资产阶级交替执政的关键时期的状况。我从中了解到现实主义作品的另一种艺术特色——司汤达倾心的人的“灵魂辨证法”；这与以往我从《高老头》、《欧也妮·格朗台》中体会的巴尔扎克的“造成一个人的境遇”有很大不同。全书最耀眼也是文学史上著名的人物自然是于连·索雷尔，“平民出身，较高文化，任家庭教师，与女主人发生恋情，事露，枪杀恋人，被判死刑”是他一生的骨架，“追求”幸福的“热情”和“毅力”、对阶级差异的反抗所表现出近乎英雄的气概就是动人的血肉。作者用淡化物质描写而突出心灵跟踪的手法强化的，正是于连处在青年的冲动下追求“英雄的梦想”经历，这是对那个社会形态的反抗，也是对碌碌无为、虚度青春的反抗。在社会现实阻碍实现抱负时只有两种选择：退避或是反抗。那些当着小职员不求上进、整天抱怨生活乏味的青年就是退避者，他们或许平庸得舒适却被社会的前进所淘汰。能不断树立人生目标、决定实现人生理想的便是和于连有同样气概的反抗者。这个时代当然不欢迎虚伪的言行作为手段，但仍然需要对生活的热情来反抗空虚的度日。这样，于连悲剧性的结局除了昭示“个人反抗行不通”外，就有了对当今社会更实际的意义。写至此，不得不引到这部小说的一个“创举”——使于连与德·雷纳尔夫人“心灵的爱情”和于连与德·拉莫尔小姐“头脑的爱情”相映成趣。尽管这两个贵族女性的爱情方式迥然不同，一个深沉，一个狂热，他们在这两个基本点上却是一致的，那就是：对本阶级的厌恶，对封建门阀制度的叛逆。记得当于连发现自己的爱情正蜕变成虚荣的工具时说“我把自己毁了”，可之后的细节是“一种高傲之间带着恶意的表情很快的代替了最真挚、最强烈的爱情的表情。”这时的贵族小姐却是摆脱了一向慢得像乌龟爬一样的生活，用丧失尊严的方法博得爱情。书中两段悲剧爱情的进展始终伴随着新贵的若即若离和于连的自卑带来的怀疑，直至生命将要终结时，爱情才爆发出无济于事的原始的火花，令人感怀。当我将落笔时，发现用意识写出感想的时间已可与用精神阅读原著的时间相比较了。我兴奋于自己得到反抗平庸的启示，感动于那些尽管扭曲而依然壮烈的爱情片段。当有人提及《红与黑》，我可以自豪地在回答“我读过”后面加上一句“我也掩卷沉思过”。红与黑读后感 范文二：于连.索莱尔的命运时时刻刻牵动着我。综观他极其短暂，却满是波折动荡的年轻生命，流淌着太多矛盾和复杂。对此，人们可以作出很多评判——是个小私有者盲目追求个人利益的悲剧；一个野心家的毁灭；一个反封建斗士的牺牲等等。各有各的看法，但又都在情理之中。就我以为，说于连是个个人主义野心家固然不错，但不如说他是个追求幸福而又不幸走上歧途的人更为确切些。自然这种歧途不是简单地采取了某种有背社会道德的手段，而是来自他心灵更深处的矛盾本质。于连的一生都在追求幸福。他虽出身卑贱，却有幸受到良好的教育，又有着杰出的智慧，所以他日后能厕身在所谓的上流社会中。什么是幸福，怎样得到幸福，是困惑着人类几千年的问题，也同样困惑着我们的于连。在他心目中，幸福并没有确切的标准，只是在他的心计，在他的警觉，他的一个又一个的“作战计划”及其实施当中。他为第一次摆脱了父兄的虐待而幸福，为德.莱纳夫人面前履行“某种责任”而幸福，为骄傲的玛蒂尔德在自己面前屈服而幸福，为一次次地发迹而幸福得要命。他渴望幸福，渴望飞黄腾达，他发誓宁可死一千次也要飞黄腾达。为此，他制出了一个又一个“作战计划”，使出各种虚伪手段，他超人的智慧发挥的淋漓尽致。但他毕竟是个好苗子，所以在每每幸福之时，他又会扪心自问，深深自责。因此，他的计划总会漏洞百出，总会让人怀疑。我们不难发现于连在这种幸福的标准是以社会和他人标准为标准，追求他人和社会的承认。实质上，他并没有获得多少快乐和幸福，反而使他处在一种紧张状态，仅仅是感到“快乐的到了极点”，兴奋地跑来跑去，一种“野心家实现后的狂喜”，只是片刻激情而已，剩下的是想着紧接着应该在制定一个计划。这些所谓的幸福仅仅是表象而已，于连为了表象而牺牲了本质。当他以为德.莱纳夫人的一封信断送了他的幸福时，他想到了报复，最终被投进了监狱。在狱中反而使他从社会的束缚解脱出来，获得了自由。他卸下了往日一切伪装和面具，找到了真实的自我，也找到了本质的幸福。他放弃了逃跑和上诉，能够真诚地对待每一位朋友，坦然地面对死亡。对于于连的爱情，我们同样怀着强烈的兴趣。因为于连的成功幸福既而毁灭都与他的爱情紧密联系着的。他的两个恋人——德.莱纳夫人和玛蒂尔德伴着短暂而奋斗的一生，所以不妨分别来看看于连与两个恋人的恋情。于连和德.莱纳夫人的爱情始于于连对她的诱惑。起初，他只是在履行所谓的“责任”，这是一种对贵族老爷的报复，一种虚荣的满足。但是德.莱纳夫人的善良、淳朴、温柔深深地打动了于连。一段时间，他疯狂地爱上了德.莱纳夫人。可惜这颗爱心又很快被种种野心占有了，直至最后才又复燃，爆发。英中文对照
毕业论文红与黑
论文的题目是画龙点睛的神来之笔,是提纲挈领的综述概要。下面是我带来的关于英国文学 毕业 论文题目大全的内容，欢迎阅读参考! 英国文学毕业论文题目大全(一) 1. 《浮士德》的善恶冲突论 2. 论《浮士德》思想体系的矛盾 3. 论卢梭《忏悔录》的自审意识与超俗意识 4. 济慈及其《夜莺颂》的美学魅力 5. 欧洲社会的讽刺画卷——《唐璜》浅析 6. 论雨果的人道主义思想 7. 《巴黎圣母院》中的美丑对照原则 8. 论《红与黑》中于连的形象 9. 论司汤达小说心理描写的艺术 10. 司汤达在现代小说史上的地位 11. 成功与幻灭——拉斯蒂涅(《高老头》)与吕西安(《红与白》)之比较 12. 巴尔扎克小说的现代 文化 意蕴 13. 论《包法利夫人》 14. 19世纪英国女小说家研究 15. 《傲慢与偏见》的戏剧叙述 16. 夏洛蒂·勃朗笔下的女性形象系统 17. 《呼啸山庄》的叙述技巧与结构艺术 18. 试析《简·爱》和《呼啸山庄》的情感模式 19. 《呼啸山庄》与《金锁记》情感世界之比较 20. 梅里美中短篇小说的艺术魅力 21. 《茶花女》的悲剧艺术 英国文学毕业论文题目大全(二) 1. 茶花女与杜十娘比较 2. 从蒙太里尼形象看《牛虻》的反宗教主题 3. 论哈代小说中的新女性形象 4. 莫泊桑、契诃夫、欧·亨利艺术风格之比较 5. 论威尔斯的科学幻想小说 6. 论《恶之花》的历史地位与意义 7. 略论马克·吐温的艺术风格 8. 易卜生《玩偶之家》娜拉形象 9. 易卜生有肖伯纳的“社会问题剧”的异同论 10. 19世纪俄国文学中“多余人”的形象 11. 俄罗斯文学中的妇女形象 12. 果戈理《死魂灵》的讽刺艺术 13. 屠格涅夫笔下的女性形象 14. 屠格涅夫的抒情手法 15. 屠格涅夫与郁达夫比较研究 16. 论陀思妥耶夫斯基的长篇小说 17. 谈陀思妥耶夫斯基小说中的景物描写 18. 陀思妥耶夫斯基与现代派文学 19. “现代性”历史文化语境中的鲁迅与陀思妥耶夫斯基 英国文学毕业论文题目大全(三) 1. 古希腊神话 传说 中的文化精神 2. 英雄符码及其解构——荷马史诗主要史诗主要形象论析 3. 论《俄狄浦斯王》的冲突艺术美 4. 论《美狄亚》在戏剧发展史上的重要意义 5. 从古希腊到18世纪西方文学中人的观念 6. 《埃涅阿斯纪》主题的原型意义 7. 试论__伦理在西方文学中的演变 8. 但丁与__文化 9. 哥特式小说的原理与发展 10. 中国武侠小说与骑士文学的比较 11. 《堂吉诃德》的多重意义 12. 论流浪汉小说的艺术特征 13. 试论《威尼斯商人》的冲突艺术 14. 《奥瑟罗》悲剧冲突艺术 15. 论《李尔王》的人文主义思想 16. 论《亨利四世》中的福斯塔夫形象 17. 《罗密欧与朱丽叶》与《西厢记》抒情艺术之比较 18. 试论莎士比亚喜剧风格 19. 莎士比亚悲剧风格的特殊性及其历史意义 20. 论《汤姆·琼斯》人物刻画的美学原则
1、 透过《傲慢与偏见》看现代社会爱情观2、生与死的抗争--《厄舍古厦的倒塌》主题解读3、浅谈“欧·亨利式结尾”及其文学影响4、从宗教角度解读简爱的多重性格5、从女权主义角度剖析《小妇人》中的乔6、 “英雄”的陨落--悲剧美学角度分析《老人与海》7、 从《菊花》中看女主人公Elisa实现自我价值的障碍8、奉献与宽容---浅析《双城记》中的仁爱精神9、 《格列佛游记》中对理性的反思与批判10、浅析《警察和赞美诗》的戏剧化特色11、一场失败革命的反思---论《动物庄园》中所表现的象征意义12、论詹姆斯·乔伊斯《阿拉比》的精神顿悟13、从后印象主义角度解读《到灯塔去》中的双性同体观14、 从中西方道德观差异谈《伊利亚特》与《封神演义》人物品德15、 韦伯《猫》中的女性主义英国文学毕业论文选题题目大全论文的题目是画龙点睛的神来之笔,是提纲挈领的综述概要。下面是我带来的关于英国文学 毕业 论文题目大全的内容，欢迎阅读参考!英国文学毕业论文题目大全(一)1. 《浮士德》的善恶冲突论2. 论《浮士德》思想体系的矛盾3. 论卢梭《忏悔录》的自审意识与超俗意识4. 济慈及其《夜莺颂》的美学魅力5. 欧洲社会的讽刺画卷——《唐璜》浅析6. 论雨果的人道主义思想7. 《巴黎圣母院》中的美丑对照原则8. 论《红与黑》中于连的形象9. 论司汤达小说心理描写的艺术10. 司汤达在现代小说史上的地位11. 成功与幻灭——拉斯蒂涅(《高老头》)与吕西安(《红与白》)之比较12. 巴尔扎克小说的现代 文化 意蕴13. 论《包法利夫人》14. 19世纪英国女小说家研究15. 《傲慢与偏见》的戏剧叙述16. 夏洛蒂·勃朗笔下的女性形象系统17. 《呼啸山庄》的叙述技巧与结构艺术18. 试析《简·爱》和《呼啸山庄》的情感模式19. 《呼啸山庄》与《金锁记》情感世界之比较20. 梅里美中短篇小说的艺术魅力21. 《茶花女》的悲剧艺术英国文学毕业论文题目大全(二)1. 茶花女与杜十娘比较2. 从蒙太里尼形象看《牛虻》的反宗教主题3. 论哈代小说中的新女性形象4. 莫泊桑、契诃夫、欧·亨利艺术风格之比较5. 论威尔斯的科学幻想小说6. 论《恶之花》的历史地位与意义7. 略论马克·吐温的艺术风格8. 易卜生《玩偶之家》娜拉形象9. 易卜生有肖伯纳的“社会问题剧”的异同论10. 19世纪俄国文学中“多余人”的形象11. 俄罗斯文学中的妇女形象12. 果戈理《死魂灵》的讽刺艺术13. 屠格涅夫笔下的女性形象14. 屠格涅夫的抒情手法15. 屠格涅夫与郁达夫比较研究16. 论陀思妥耶夫斯基的长篇小说17. 谈陀思妥耶夫斯基小说中的景物描写18. 陀思妥耶夫斯基与现代派文学19. “现代性”历史文化语境中的鲁迅与陀思妥耶夫斯基英国文学毕业论文题目大全(三)1. 古希腊神话 传说 中的文化精神2. 英雄符码及其解构——荷马史诗主要史诗主要形象论析3. 论《俄狄浦斯王》的冲突艺术美4. 论《美狄亚》在戏剧发展史上的重要意义5. 从古希腊到18世纪西方文学中人的观念6. 《埃涅阿斯纪》主题的原型意义7. 试论__伦理在西方文学中的演变8. 但丁与__文化9. 哥特式小说的原理与发展10. 中国武侠小说与骑士文学的比较11. 《堂吉诃德》的多重意义12. 论流浪汉小说的艺术特征13. 试论《威尼斯商人》的冲突艺术14. 《奥瑟罗》悲剧冲突艺术15. 论《李尔王》的人文主义思想16. 论《亨利四世》中的福斯塔夫形象17. 《罗密欧与朱丽叶》与《西厢记》抒情艺术之比较18. 试论莎士比亚喜剧风格19. 莎士比亚悲剧风格的特殊性及其历史意义20. 论《汤姆·琼斯》人物刻画的美学原则美国文学方向论文选题论文的题目是一篇论文的灵魂，好的题目可以吸引人们的眼球。下面是我带来的关于美国文学方向论文选题的内容，欢迎阅读参考!美国文学方向论文选题(一)1. 从《在路上》看五六十年代美国社会价值观2. 评希思克利夫被扭曲的心路历程3. 试论马克·吐温短篇小说的幽默特色4. 惠特曼的死亡哲学5. 论《呼啸山庄》--原始古朴与文明理性的交错色彩6. 论《了不起的盖茨比》中“二元主角”手法的运用7. 透过小说《威廉·威尔逊》和《黑猫》看艾伦·坡的善恶观8. 从《飘》看内战对美国文学的影响9. 论《美国丽人》一片中人物的两面性10. 论海明威小说中的死亡主题11. 浅析艾丽丝·沃克的《紫颜色》12. 女性作家的共性13. 《倾城之恋》与《飘》的女权意识比较研究14. 《失乐园》 与《圣经》中撒旦形象的对比15. 《老人与海》与《鲁宾逊漂流记》的比较研究16. 哥特式风格在《弗兰克斯坦》中的体现17. 浅议反讽手法在《蝇王》中的运用18. 分析麦尔维尔《白鲸》中的象征主义19. 艾略特早期诗歌中的人物形象分析20. 《丧钟为谁而鸣》中的女性形象分析美国文学方向论文选题(二)1. 从《简爱 》看早期女权主义的理想和追求2. 十九世 纪英国小说家笔下的真、善、美3. 英国十 八世纪浪漫主义诗人的自然观4. Romanticism in Mark Twin's works5. 批评方法之我见 段燕6. 浅谈泰戈尔的生命 段燕7. 浅谈《红字》中珠儿形象的作用8. 论《 红字》中的道德主题9. 论海丝特·白兰的性 格发展10. 《红字》中象征手法的运用11. 论霍桑《红字》中“A”的象征意义12. 象征意向在《了不起的盖茨比》中的运用13. 论《了不起的盖茨比》的艺术特点14. 伍尔夫创作中的女权主义立场15. 弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的女权思想16. 伍尔夫女 性视角中的女性形象分析17. 流派研究18. 世纪美国浪漫主义与英国浪漫主义19. 超现实主义20. 魔幻现实主义21. Jane as a narrator and as a character22. Character Analysis of Nancy, the “criminal” in Oliver Twist23. Virginia Woolf and Modern Feminine Independence24. An Analysis of Charles Dickens' Great Expectation美国文学方向论文选题(三)1、 透过《傲慢与偏见》看现代社会爱情观2、生与死的抗争--《厄舍古厦的倒塌》主题解读3、浅谈“欧·亨利式结尾”及其文学影响4、从宗教角度解读简爱的多重性格5、从女权主义角度剖析《小妇人》中的乔6、 “英雄”的陨落--悲剧美学角度分析《老人与海》7、 从《菊花》中看女主人公Elisa实现自我价值的障碍8、奉献与宽容---浅析《双城记》中的仁爱精神9、 《格列佛游记》中对理性的反思与批判10、浅析《警察和赞美诗》的戏剧化特色11、一场失败革命的反思---论《动物庄园》中所表现的象征意义12、论詹姆斯·乔伊斯《阿拉比》的精神顿悟13、从后印象主义角度解读《到灯塔去》中的双性同体观14、 从中西方道德观差异谈《伊利亚特》与《封神演义》人物品德15、 韦伯《猫》中的女性主义16、 浅析《儿子与情人》中的心理冲突17、浅析中西方喜剧文化---以《武林外传》和《老友记》为例18、从女性主义看《傲慢与偏见》中的女性形象19、《瓦尔登湖》中自然主义的现实意义20、 从男性角色解读《简爱》中的女性反抗意识猜你喜欢：1. 英美文学方向毕业论文2. 文化方向论文题目3. 英美文学方向论文4. 美国文化学术论文格式5. 美国文化学术论文格式要求
红与黑毕业论文论点
《红与黑》是一本很著名的文学书，你可以看下别人（世界文学研究）里面的文学论文，看下别人的框架， 然后结合你自己的思路，就可以了~
《红与黑》：批判现实主义之宗教批判 ——兼论作者的世界观《红与黑》一书是法国批判现实主义长篇小说的伟大的开篇之作，他集中力量主要批判了封建总趋势没落和暂时复辟时期的政治和宗教现实。1789年到1794年的法国大革命对教会势力一场沉重的打击，但是这种打击是随着统治阶层的态度而不断变化的。1789年8月4日，革命党废除了主要的封建制度，同时也就废除了教会的一大经济来源，即取消了十一税。接着没收了教会的土地和其他财产，变卖它们，补充国库。革命派还对天主教会的神职人员做出了试图防止日后反抗新政权的重大规定，即有关僧侣的非宗教体制条例，使神职人员在政府和教会之间作出两者必居其一的决定。几经波折， 到1794年5月7日，议会根据罗伯斯庇尔的建议，通过了建立崇拜“最高实体”的决议，其中第一条称法国人民承认最高实体和灵魂不灭。 但到了拿破仑时代天主教教会的命运就同拿破仑的活动及其妄图主宰世界的欲望紧密相连了。拿破仑为笼络天主教会实力为自己的统治服务，在占领意大利之后，于1801年同罗马教廷缔结条约。但条约于1809年就遭撕毁，拿破仑称教皇的领地使法兰西帝国的一部分。同时，罗马教皇当即颁布敕令，把拿破仑及其反教会的支持者开除教籍，而拿破仑也下令将教皇押解法国。拿破仑垮台后，教皇庇护七世才返回罗马，作为国际教会势力的罗马教廷的历史才得以继续下去。此后的十五年，是波旁王朝在神圣同盟支持下在法国复辟的十五年。这十五年里，也是罗马教廷在经过拿破仑的洗劫之后进行恢复和巩固的十五年。在这十五年里，神圣同盟竭尽全力帮助天主教会，首先重建教皇国，紧接着为其建立显如中世纪的崇高的地位。被拿破仑摧毁了的那些反动制度有重新建立起来，而且还建立起新的修士网体系等制度。但是无论如何，此时天主教会的势力已经鞭长莫及，支配力已经大大削弱了。作品中，为了组织起一只镇压资产阶级起义的队伍，教会和封建政权联合起来，甚至采用勾结远在三千里的地方的罗马教廷的手段，控制神甫、五万教士，进而控制士兵（一般百姓）。而罗马教廷也显然非常乐意去做虽然违背宗教道德的在宗教领袖指定的日子里，可以都经同样的话的事，因为法国人首先愿意说一切都应归于教士所有这样的话。贵族们还特派于连到英国向某要人口传密信，无非是以国家的林产和人民的自由为代价，换取无爱国刽子手和贵族的封建利益。所有这一切，没有别的原因，唯有利益，政治上的和经济上的。我们说，宗教和政治从来就是同源异流，紧密联系的，都源出于一定的经济基础，有把人余人之间关系的结果（政治）和人与自然之间关系的虚幻反映（宗教），归结余人于自然之间关系的结果（经济）和人与自然之间的真实反映（经济）。宗教和政治的紧密关联性在小说中虽未表现出政教合一的高级形态，但事实是，大到整个罗马教廷，小到教士个人如卡斯塔奈德神甫之流，都在为政治上的地位和自己的经济利益而奋斗。宗教和政治相互利用。可以说，宗教是政治和法律，而非哲学，艺术和伦理。因为他既是观念性的，又是体制性的；既可以作为西向理论控制民众，又可以作为一种组织和制度去统辖民众。这便注定了它与政治关系更紧密，更容易为社会斗争各方所利用。宗教有时哲学、艺术和伦理，有不是政治和法律，因为宗教具有一种超脱的外表，比如贝尚松神学院走廊墙上的字句：“六十年的苦修，比起永世的身安心乐或地狱里的刀山火海，那算得什么？”宗教企图宣讲这样的思想来势民众放弃目前的政治斗争和经济利益，并用以掩盖自己的世俗意图。卡斯塔奈德神甫每一句当众讲出的话都是对天主教教义和天主教宗教道德的解释，而他的每一个背后作出来的动作都是阴谋家职业精神的体现。这个神甫的形象是教民眼里的牧师，使政治家受理的刽子手。当然，教徒中的个别形象与政治中的个别角色却始终没有放弃过斗争，甚至矛盾甚深，如弗利赖神甫与拉穆尔侯爵。但是这种矛盾只是有权有势的集团或个人为取得更多的权势而作的斗争，是狗咬狗的斗争。这种矛盾始终没有上升至主要矛盾，而且当有了第三方（国家或民众）的利益作为自己损失的补偿时，他们之间所谓的矛盾也就不了了之了。教会中达神甫之间的斗争是壮烈的，声势号大的。相比之下，教会中小教士一面听这信徒的倾诉，一面也受着主教的颐指气使。而在神职人员或准神职人员之中，神学院的那些小学士的命运则是最悲哀的。神学院，在于连“望见大门上的镀金铁十字架”时，就认为是“人间地狱”了。神学院的大门只乐意为金钱敞开。于连的朋友傅凯第一次见到于连时说：“两枚锃亮的五法郎银币教我明白，自己真是蠢货，没在第一次来就摸出来。”而那些农家子弟学士来神学院也并不是为了研习教义、教规、教理，而是好像在学习和实践着某种潜规则：在眉山的宗教道德的外表下追求丑恶的世俗利益。“他们呕心沥血，弄到几乎病倒”，学问上却无所进步；他们可以说出“卡斯塔奈德神甫把彼拉先生当地人对待”这样的话，也可以从“从他们死气沉沉的眼里，饭前只看到期待饱吃一顿的生理需求，饭后之看到口腹之欲满足后的生理快感”。“神学院里每份每秒都得饰行欺世。”任何一个学时都不能破坏这种潜规则。于连破坏了，他被人猜忌，被人告密，也只有懂得并履行这种潜规则才能生存。作者对于这些农家子弟学士应没有什么蔑视和歧视，但是对他们所履行的这种潜规则则既是同情的，有时批判的。一方面，教会和教士的社会地位和经济收入相对来讲是相当高的，但同时教士发迹的机遇却是极有限的，这就迫使他们在积极追求“理想”的同时又不能有所暴露，这样就形成了他们呆里耍奸的表现形象。但是，这种表现形象的根本原因却在与宗教教会的稳步发展需要被欺又能欺别人的人。所以可以说，学士们既已是悲剧的演员，有梦想这座悲剧的导演。但是，作者显然是批判的，在批判他们的言行中就包含这对潜规则的批判，他批判“长时间的苦修仪规”，批判“食用带壳煮的溏心蛋吃法”，批判聪明的夏泽尔“总不忘说两句糊涂话，被发落到第五十名”。在《红与黑》中，有两位神甫给我们留下了美好的深刻的印象：彼拉神甫和贝尚松大主教。他们都是聪明善良的人，所不同的是前者严厉，而后者更“可爱”。彼拉神甫自从与于连在神学院相识之后，就一直没有停止帮助过他，事业上的和情感上的。在神学院时，处处关照，对于陷害于连的那封信并没有深加追究；临走将于连隆重推荐给后来改变他人生的拉穆尔侯爵，有不厌其烦地提醒其在拉穆尔府的为人处世，还帮他联系了个神学院继续学习。可以说彼拉神甫是于连的严父，有是于连的慈父。在事发之前，他防微杜渐，严格要求于连的言行举止；一旦于连落难，彼拉神甫深深引咎自责，顾不得老命而为之奔走。而于连也是彼拉神甫忠实的儿子和朋友。事发之后，于连想到的第一个人正是彼拉神甫。至于这个贝尚松大主教，他“是个可爱的老人，生来就该住在京城巴黎，现在来贝尚松，简直是流放”；他又是“慈祥的”，“是个很有才情的人，虽长年迁徙，饱经忧患，却并不消沉”；他“与神学识（于连）讨论起贺拉斯有没有钱”，“但他的记性时而有点偷懒”；他在把羽翎花球搁在华盖顶上，“弄得胆战心惊，生怕手下哪个人会丢了性命”；他“爱看大家吃的高高兴兴，津津有味”；他“礼贤下士的态度，尤使于连受宠若惊。想不到温文尔雅如许，与平时那种天然的独尊之概，竟相得无间”。在这里，作者没有否定大主教的一个字。相反，全文的直接叙述和字里行间自觉或不自觉地倾注了作者的无限敬重和爱戴之情。在作者心目中，这样的神职人员是完美的，人格上更是完整的。他们不仅心灵中有一个“最高实体”，而且处处表现出友爱和救人危厄的精神，他们既是神圣而严肃的，又是可接近甚至可爱的。可以说，作者并没有彻底否定宗教的每一个方面，而是在试图寻找一个宗教道德与人道主义道德的和谐的紧密的契合点，这便是作者的宗教观。但是，我们认为宗教道德和人道主义道德在根本上是对立的。宗教道德寻找着一种和谐的人神关系；这个关系的产生和维持下去实质上要求人对神盲目的信仰，绝对的敬畏和单方面的服从；要求神在支配和操纵人类命运方面的主宰作用，要求人神关系的实质是主奴关系、君民关系。当以宗教道德“审时度势”时，人的独立地位便不复存在了。而人道主义道德旨在规定人于人之间的社会关系，要求人要爱人类，爱他人，爱社会，爱集体，要求对人的肯定而对神的否定，人于人之间互爱关系才是至高无上的。当然，根本上的对立并不完全意味着随时随处都对立。当在人之爱神的前提时，人道主义的道德便得以体现；否则的话，人之爱人会付出惨重的代价。作者正是通过对这个神甫形象的塑造来阐释自己的宗教观。但是，我们认为，在宗教道德沦丧的大背景下，提倡这样的宗教观只会是徒劳。这实在没有科学的世界观和宗教观理论下，产生的片面和不彻底。唯愿没有苛求前人之意。
这样做，辅导老师在网上一授就知道你抄的啊！！！~~~
红与黑毕业论文范文
引导语：当看完一本著作后，你有什么总结呢？此时需要认真思考读后感如何写了。为了让您不再为写读后感头疼，下面是我为大家整理的《红与黑》读后感精选范文，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。
在我看过的所有外国名著中。《红与黑》是我最喜欢的一部。
主人公于连是小业主的儿子，英俊且聪明好学。19岁那年，凭借聪明才智，于连到市长家做一名家庭教师，并与市长夫人有了一段温情，事情败露后被迫离开小城，去神学院学习。后经举荐，来到巴黎拉莫尔侯爵家里当秘书。于连出众的才华不仅得到了侯爵的赏识与重用，还博得了侯爵女儿玛蒂尔德的好感。就在于连将和马蒂尔德结婚的时候，在教会的策划下，市长夫人的揭发信使他飞黄腾达的美梦成了泡影。于连在愤怒之下，开枪击伤了市长夫人。事后不为自己辩诉，被送上了断头台。
作者以细腻的笔触生动的再现了十九世纪资本主义的画卷。一个知识青年，带着拿破仑式的梦想融入上流社会，却不得不把梦想掩藏起来。于连拒绝了朋友富凯为他设计的一条发财的道路，他不想过平庸的生活。于连在乱石林立的上流社会寻求一条飞黄腾达的道路，结果碰的头破血流，败下阵来，失败的结果就是死亡。
于连的一生就像蜉蝣一样的短暂，又像抹过夜空的流星一样璀璨，他人生的高潮是两次悲剧似的爱情，结尾是一场近乎悲壮的覆灭，光荣与梦想，幻灭与死亡同样幻化成红与黑两种色彩。于连是一个矛盾的结合体，他狡猾而诚实，卑怯而勇敢。
于连是个有魅力的人。任家教时，使一向有贞洁名声的市长夫人为他心动；在木尔侯爵家时，又赢得了冷漠的玛蒂尔徳的心。他死后，市长夫人随他而去，玛蒂尔德高价买下他的头颅，并亲手埋葬。
他是个爱憎分明的人。当得知市长夫人的信是被迫写的后，他后悔不已；当他得知市长夫人为改善他在监狱里的生活花很多钱的时候痛哭流涕。
他为自己的理想不惜献出生命。在审判时他大可向自己所仇视的那个阶级低头以求自保，但他没有，他宁死也没有向自己所仇视的阶级低下头颅，因为即使他保住了生命，但他的灵魂已经死了。
相信每一位读过《红与黑》的人都不会忘记与连这个经典的人物形象，尽管他的人生并不完美，并不漫长，他也存在不小的缺点，但我们都不会忘记他，以及本书伟大的作者。
《红与黑》是法国作家司汤达创作的长篇小说，小说以主人公于连个人奋斗的经历与最终失败为线索。于连是一个木匠家庭出身的富有才干的青年，他嫌恶自己贫贱的出身和低微的地位，向往上层社会生活。后来他借助个人的努力与奋斗跻身了上层社会，他于十九岁时到了市长家里当家庭老师，与市长夫人产生了暧昧关系。在上流社会中他看到官场的 欺诈，对他产生了深刻影响，他学会了迎合和口是心非。后来到了巴黎又受到侯爵赏识并且赢得侯爵小姐的芳心。然而当他扶摇直上之际，贵族阶级和教会狼狈为奸，对他设下圈套，威逼市长夫人写了揭发信，侯爵因此取消他和小姐的婚约。于连愤怒之下，向市长夫人射击，市长夫人虽未致命，他却因此被处死刑，最后上了断头台，结束了短促的一生。作者通过于连的生活道路，广泛地展现了19世纪初宗教和贵族统治下法国社会的黑暗和丑恶，强烈地抨击了教会的黑暗和资产阶级贵族的卑鄙腐朽。
于连是一个野心勃勃一心想跻身上流社会的人物。他拥有惊人的记忆力和一些才华，当然他也有一副美好的面容。如果他是一个一心只想过安稳日子的`人，那他会和同他的阶级一样的人过着平淡但安稳的日子。但他不是，他为自己的地位感到自卑，为跻身与他地位完全不同的阶级里，他付出了多大的代价，他得时刻注意他的言行，以便伪装自己，明明看不惯身边的人，还装作顺从，而且大部分时间他都失去了自我。时刻怕被上流社会的贵族们藐视。我认为与其说于连是个人主义野心家，不如说他是个追求幸福而又不幸走上歧途的人。他将本来雄心的抱负引入歧途，其奋斗之路更像一条自我毁灭之路。
书中法国正是七月革命前夕，统治者剧烈交替的变动时代。在这个完全没有选择的时代，于连要么继续做一个木材商人，要么就用野心取代自己原本善良的内心向上攀登。其实，一个人不管他所处的地位多么的显赫或多么的卑微，只要做好自己就可以了，何必歧视自己的所有，为了追求心中的目标而竭尽全力，急于求成，不择手段呢？但不幸的是，现实中大多数人都会情不自禁地像于连一样，对当下的痛苦不能自拔，沉溺于自己臆造的幻想中，对他人已获得的成就虎视眈眈，并嫉妒仇恨之;同时不愿通过自己的人生努力和正确的道路去奋斗，急于求成。这些人就如同于连，膨胀的欲望使他们双眼蒙蔽，伤害他人更毁灭自己。
《红与黑》是一本批判现实主义小说，但我得到更多的是人生方面的收益，于连身上的点点滴滴都值得我们去深思。每个人似乎也都能从于连身上找到一点自己的影子，只是或多或少的问题。在一个人的生活经历中，也许我们就在某一个时期，或是在某一个方面面临着与他相同或相似的处境。或是贫穷，或是卑贱，有满腹的理想和满腔的热情。面对新时代有两种选择：退避或是反抗。那些不求上进、整天抱怨生活乏味的人就是退避者，他们或许平庸得舒适却被社会的前进所淘汰。能不断树立人生目标、决定实现人生理想的便是和于连有同样气概的反抗者。当然我们不应该像于连那样以虚伪的言行作为手段，仍然需要用正确的道路和对生活的热情来不断走向美好的人生。
书中给予于连的描写常常是大段大段的内心独白，其中有句话我仍记忆深刻：在得到侯爵赠予的十字勋章的后，他想道：“为了成功，我会做出更多不公平的事。”是的，这世上总有着许多的不公平，想事事都达到公平是不可能的，我们需要学习于连奋发向上的精神，但同时别忘了自己的良心，去理解自己存在的真正意义的生存状态尤为重要。
阅读了司汤达的《红与黑》，我对于19世纪当时的法国人们生活有了一些了解。很多人在看完《红与黑》以后都觉得这是一部思考社会状况的小说，带给人很多关于时代的思考。
《红与黑》主要讲述了一个当时时代的青年人于连一路发展直到灭亡的故事，通过这一个个故事向我们揭示了当时法国的社会现状，带给读者很多思考。《红与黑》的主人公于连是一个有才华、有野心、有自尊的人，可是很多对于连的评价是负面的，我想这些评价者恰恰忽略了当时社会的一个背景。
于连平民出身，可是又具备较高文化，担任教师，从而与女主人发生恋情，一步步在追求幸福与荣誉的过程当中呈现不同人生境遇。于连这样的青年至少是一个热血青年，知道奋斗去创造人生精彩，远远比那些上层青年终日只知道奢侈颓废要好得多。然而，于连又是悲剧的，在那样的社会当中，于连这样的孤身奋斗是无济于事的。
读完《红与黑》，我明白了这是一部关于人生的文学作品，作者以他的视角向我们诠释了一份人生存在的真正意义。
当细细品完一本名著后，大家心中一定有不少感悟，这时候，最关键的读后感怎么能落下！那么我们该怎么去写读后感呢？下面是我为大家收集的《红与黑》读后感范文（精选3篇），希望对大家有所帮助。
我是个爱静的人，打小起业余时间就大多泡在书房里，读书是我最大的乐趣。
古人读数为的是求取高官厚禄、美人谷黍，而我读书完全是为了寻找一种感觉。早上醒来时捧起书读上它几句，就像是已经吃过一顿美味的早餐。睡觉前读一段，便会带着书中的故事一同进入梦乡。上厕所时也会捧着本书，进去便是半个小时，全然不知环境的恶劣。我喜欢在没人的时候读书，周围是那么安静，仿佛也和我一起分享着书中的乐趣与风景。
《少年文摘》是我最钟情的一本杂志。当我拿起它时我总会先细细的看一遍目录，然后从中选择那些篇幅最小、最不吸引人的文章去读，把那些精彩的文章留在最后，这样越到后面就越觉得是一种享受。但我从不放弃任何一篇文章，因为每一篇文章都会给我不同的感受。
有时我读书到了痴迷的地步。当读到《侏罗纪公园》时便会心惊胆战，觉得身后便有只红眼睛、尖牙齿的恐龙；当读到《天龙八部》时便会按着书中的方法学着段誉练就“六脉神剑”；当读到《红与黑》时便觉得自己是那个苦命的于连，在社会中无助地挣扎；当读到“三英战吕布”则会不由自主地有感情地朗读一段。这也就是读书的一种味道，一种感觉。
细细地读书，品味书中的故事，体会书中的人物，这就是读书的感觉。读书是享受。
“除了男女情恨，《红与黑》还逼真而深入地反映了资本主义社会的唯利是图，政治的勾心斗角，神圣教会的黑暗坠落，贵族阶层的庸俗势力等等，这一切都说明了《红与黑》不是一本单纯的爱情小说。”这是莫雅平对《红与黑》的评价。
《红与黑》讲述的是一个平民青年于连·索莱尔一心想飞黄腾达。聪明过人的他被聘请为市长家的`老师，因与女主人发生恋情不得不到贝桑松神学院学习。不久成为候爵的心腹，与拉莫尔小姐结婚，却被市长夫人告发，心甘情愿走上了断头台。
如同一千个人眼中有一千个哈姆莱特，一千个人眼中也有一千种《红与黑》。有人读出了政治，有人读出了爱情，我读出的却是于连在富贵中迷失的幸福。
于连总是说要飞黄腾达，要成功，可还来的却是自己被送上了刑场。他正是在盲目追求富贵中迷失了自我，走上了歧途，他为了所谓的“幸福”，不止一次地放弃了真正的幸福。他宁愿为了富贵，生活在尔虞我诈，勾心斗角的社会中，也不愿过平淡的清贫日子。这让我想起了苏武。苏武在单于“千金封侯”的许诺下，仍将祖国铭记于心中，将大汉镌刻在他的心灵深处。苏武被万世景仰，他的英名流芳百世。于连和苏武最大的不同就在于他们对幸福的定义有不同的理解。于连认为富贵就是幸福，苏武认为精忠报国就是幸福。我相信，总有一天，人们会像苏武一样，明白幸福的真正意义！
《红与黑》讲述了一个懦弱腼腆的平凡青年的一生，他靠着自己的聪明才智和坚韧不拔的毅力，为了实现自己的野心，而孤身一个人在一个森严的社会上辛苦奋斗，其间种种不光彩的手段。他自以为踏上飞黄腾达的坦途时，社会却无情的把他送上了断头台。
这本书虽然有着复杂的感却像我们很好的描述了但是法国社会的现实与残酷。有人说，这本书不太适合小学生读而我却不认为，一个在糖水中泡大的孩子永远都不会知道纯咖啡的苦。在现在的中国社会中，这样的事还在发生，我们这些所谓幸福的90后们，有谁亲生体验过旧社会的苦？试问一下，孩子受一点苦，父母们舍得吗？试问一下，你愿意吗？一个过分天真的孩子，在他步入社会时会吃很多苦。如果一个人只知道一件事情的好处而不知道它带来的坏处，那这还叫是非分明吗？早点让孩子看清社会的丑陋有什么不好？
这本书的主角于连是一个自尊心极强的青年，他家并不富有，可以提得上穷了，但书中的人都给了他尊重，一个贵族对平明的尊重，在当时的法国是多么不可思议的啊！但在生活中，在21世纪，穷人受到尊重了吗？没有！这代表着什么？时代在飞跃！人的素质在退步！科技在踏步往前跨，素质在大步往后退。
我很喜欢这本书，因为作者[司汤达]用生动的语言来描述了一位青年短暂的一生，让我们看到了现实的残酷。