英语项目设计论文模板

英文论文的详细格式：

一、标题

一篇较长的英语论文(如英语毕业论文)一般都需要标题页,其书写格式如下:第一行标题与打印纸顶端的距离约为打印纸全长的三分之一,与下行(通常为by,居中)的距离则为5cm,第三、第四行分别为作者姓名及日期(均居中)。

如果该篇英语论文是学生针对某门课程而写,则在作者姓名与日期之间还需分别打上教师学衔及其姓名(如:Dr./)及本门课程的编号或名称(如:English 734或British Novel)。打印时,如无特殊要求,每一行均需double space,即隔行打印,行距约为(论文其他部分行距同此)。

二、提纲

英语论文提纲页包括论题句及提纲本身,其规范格式如下:先在第一行(与打印纸顶端的距离仍为左右)的始端打上 Thesis 一词及冒号,空一格后再打论题句,回行时左边须与论题句的第一个字母上下对齐。

主要纲目以大写罗马数字标出,次要纲目则依次用大写英文字母、阿拉伯数字和小写英文字母标出。各数字或字母后均为一句点,空出一格后再打该项内容的第一个字母；处于同一等级的纲目,其上下行左边必须对齐。

需要注意的是,同等重要的纲目必须是两个以上,即:有Ⅰ应有Ⅱ,有A应有B,以此类推。如果英文论文提纲较长,需两页纸,则第二页须在右上角用小写罗马数字标出页码,即ii(第一页无需标页码)。

三、摘要

1、英文摘要是应用符合英文语法的文字语言，提供论文内容梗概为目的的短文。（内容基本与中文摘要相同，但不用完全逐句对应）。

2、英文题目、摘要、关键词自成一页（1页即可），放在中文摘要页之后。

3、英文字体与行间距：统一使用“西文字体”中的“Times New Roman”，倍行间距。

4、英文题目：使用三号字加粗。

5、英文摘要： “Absract”顶格，使用四号字，并加粗。

英文摘要具体内容使用四号字。

6、英文关键词： “Key Words”顶格，使用四号字并加粗。

四、正文

有标题页和提纲页的英语论文,其正文第一页的规范格式为:论文标题居中,其位置距打印纸顶端约5cm,距正文第一行约。段首字母须缩进五格,即从第六格打起。

正文第一页不必标页码(但应计算其页数),自第二页起,必须在每页的右上角(即空出第一行,在其后部)打上论文作者的姓,空一格后再用阿拉伯数字标出页码；阿拉伯数字(或其最后一位)应为该行的最后一个空格。

在打印正文时尚需注意标点符号的打印格式,即:句末号(句号、问号及感叹号)后应空两格,其他标点符号后则空一格。

五、文中引述

正确引用作品原文或专家、学者的论述是写好英语论文的重要环节；既要注意引述与论文的有机统一,即其逻辑性,又要注意引述格式（即英语论文参考文献）的规范性。

引述别人的观点,可以直接引用,也可以间接引用。无论采用何种方式,论文作者必须注明所引文字的作者和出处。美国学术界通行的做法是在引文后以圆括弧形式注明引文作者及出处。

六、文献目录

论文作者在正文之后必须提供论文中全部引文的详细出版情况,即文献目录页。美国高校一般称此页为 Works Cited, 其格式须注意下列几点:

目录页应与正文分开,另页打印,置于正文之后。

目录页应视为英语论文的一页,按论文页码的顺序在其右上角标明论文作者的姓和页码；如果条目较多,不止一页,则第一页不必标出作者姓和页码(但必须计算页数),其余各页仍按顺序标明作者姓和页码。

标题Works Cited与打印纸顶端的距离约为,与第一条目中第一行的距离仍为；各条目之间及各行之间的距离亦为,不必留出更多空白。

各条目内容顺序分别为作者姓、名、作品名、出版社名称、出版地、出版年份及起止页码等；各条目应严格按各作者姓的首字母顺序排列,但不要给各条目编码,也不必将书条与杂志、期刊等条目分列。各条目第一行需顶格打印,回行时均需缩进五格,以将该条目与其他条目区分开来。

英语论文摘要又称文摘，是论文的重要组成部分，它是以提供文献内容梗概为目的，不加评论和补充解释，简明、确切地记述文献重要内容的短文。摘要应具有独立性和自明性，并拥有与文献同等量的主要信息，即不需阅读全文，就可获得重要的信息。

摘要通常置于文题之后，文章之首。在论文发表后，论文摘要常被文献检索系统所收集。英语论文摘要一般为200-300单词，并有与英文摘要表达观点一致的中文摘要与之对应。

扩展资料：

发表论文作用：

论文是指进行各个学术领域的研究和描述学术研究成果的文章。它既是探讨问题进行学术研究的一种手段，又是描述学术研究成果进行学术交流的一种工具。不同的人发表论文的作用也不同：

1、评职称（晋升职称）：研究生毕业需要；教师、医护人员、科研院所的人员、企业员工等晋升高一级的职称时，发表期刊论文是作为一项必须的参考指标。

2、申报基金、课题：教育、科技、卫生系统每年申报的国家自然科学基金项目、其它各种基金项目、各种研究课题时，发表论文是作为基金或课题完成的一种研究成果的结论性展示。

3、世界性基础领域的研究，比如在医学、数学、物理、化学、生命科学等领域开展的基础性研究，公开发表论文是对最新科技科学研究成果、研究方法的一种展示和报道。以推动整个社会的科技进步等。

参考资料来源：百度百科——英文论文

英语论文的标准格式参考

在学习、工作生活中，大家总少不了接触论文吧，论文写作的过程是人们获得直接经验的过程。那么，怎么去写论文呢？以下是我收集整理的英语论文的标准格式参考，欢迎大家分享。

英语论文用激光打印机打印，打印稿为黑白稿，彩色打印件会影响出版效果。版心：a4纸，上、下页边距 cm，左、右页边距均为 mm。论文内容宽不得超过, 长不得超过。

字体和字号：正文，标题，作者联络信息和图表中的文字均为times new roman 12号字。可以跟据需要使用同类字体中的粗体，斜体。

行距：单倍行距。

页码：论文正文和文后所附图例都需添加页码。页码为阿拉伯数字，位于页面下方居中。

文体：文章应语法正确，技术用词准确。标题应该以最简洁的语言概括文章内容。如果标题较长，请采用title: subtitle的形式。

数学公式：文中的数学公式不得手写，必须打印。公式如果在文中多次被引用，应该编号。公式之间，公式和正文之间都应该空一行。单位：文中所用的度量衡单位应为国际单位。可在括号内，单位对应表中列出其他单位。有关国际单位的使用(standard practice for use of the international system of units)可以通过电话1-向asce索取。其他相关使用参考文献，如anmc metric editorial guide， 5th ed，1992 可向美国国家公制协会索取(american national metric council， 1735n. lynn street, suite 950, arlington, va 22209-2022)

图表：

标题说明和图例：插入的图表应该以出现顺序编号(figure 1，figure 2，table 1，table 2)。图的说明和标题，包括图的序号应该位于图的下方。表的说明和标题，包括表的序号应该位于表格上方。

位置：图可以插入到正文中，或者集中放在文章最后。如果在正文中插入图，尽量放在页面的顶部或尾部。不要选择文字环绕图形的对齐方式，可选择上下环绕方式。

底纹：插图中不要选择带阴影或底纹，否则会影响印刷效果。

照片：如果文中需要附上照片，在文中出现照片的地方贴上其黑白光面冲洗照片，标题说明位于照片下方。照片将和正文一起缩印，请不要提供彩色照片，以免影响印刷效果。

扫描图：印刷后的扫描图不如原件清晰。如果文中有扫描图，请提供灰色色标扫描图。

作者联络信息：请用横线和正文隔开。联络信息可以为一位作者或所有作者的，包括以下内容：作者全名；所属学会；学历或授予的荣誉；所在单位；通讯地址和电子邮箱；电话和传真。

参考文献：所有参考文献为单倍行距，放在文章最后，按照第一作者姓氏的字母顺序排列。如有同一作者的两篇以上文献，按出版年代先后排列。正文中引用参考文献时，作者和出版年代应该放入括号内。由于上标缩印后会变小，难于辨认，正文中不使用上标标注参考文献。所列出的参考文献应当在正文中都有所引用，如果正文中没有引用，请将文献列入文章最后的附加信息(additional information)部分，或者相关材料(related materials)部分。

扩展：英语学术论文格式

1、TITLE标题

既然是标题,不言而喻,就要力求新颖、简明、扼要,例如以下几个例子。Advances in Control of Cancer Pain控制癌肿疼痛方法的进展。Semiquantitatie Analysis of the Autoradiographs放射自显影半剂量分析The Higher the Diffusion Rate,the Higher thdChance of Each NewlyIodinated Tgb Molecule Cominginto Repeated Contact with the Peroxidase Site at theApical Membrane弥散率越高,新碘化的Tgb分子与实膜过氧物酶部位所接触的机会越多。

有些杂志,某些作者除采用正标题之外,还采用副标题,这种情况在国外刊物上的各类论文中可谓俯拾即是。采用副标题,一般是在正标题过于简单、笼统的情况下,起到补充和系统说明正题等的作用,或是要强调某一个方面或几个方面,以其引起读者注意等等。Ultra-Low-Volume Administration:SystemsEvaluation and Date Analysis超低量用药一系列评价和数据分析(补充正题)。Medical News:Adjuvant Chemotherapy Works forBreast Cancer with Involved Nodes医学新闻:辅助性化学疗法对伴有淋巴结转移的乳腺癌奏效(说明上题)。Unresolved Issue:Do Smokers Catch Less LungCancer?尚未解决的问题:吸烟者患肺癌少吗?(提醒人们注意吸烟者患肺癌的数量增加)。

有时,为了避免标题太长而使用缩写词。Effect of LATS(=Long-Acting Thyroid Stimula-tor)and LATS Protectoron HTACA(=Human Thy-roid Adeny Cyclase Activity)长效甲状腺刺激素和长效甲状腺刺激素保护物对人体甲状腺甙酸环化酶活性的作用。考虑文章较长,可在统一的标题下,用不同的副标题分成若干相对独立的篇章。例如:Factors Influ-encing one's Ability to Adopt to Chronic Illness影响个人对慢性疾病适应能力的因素(1)CARE保健；(2)TECHNOLOGY技术学；(3)FAMILY RELATION-SHIPS家庭关系；(4)DEVELOPMENTAL LEVEL发展水平(研究标准)；(5)CULTURAL VALUESAND BELIEFS文化价值和信仰。

2、ABSTRACT(SUMMARY)摘要、提要

这部分是对整篇文章的高度概括或浓缩,故要简单、明了。常用的词汇和句型有:Somebody studied(examined investigated,determined,found,reported,interviewed,measured,documented,considered,though evaluated,observed,…)。运用这些动词,所采用的时态通常是一般过去时和现在完成时。被动语态也屡见不鲜,常见有:This study was taken to ex-amine… ；Patients with…were followed up for+时间；It is showed that… ；It is concluded that… ；Indicationswere obtained that… ,等。结尾时常用的表达方法有:The results indicate(show,state,suggest,demon-strate,conclude,express…)that… ；These findingshave special importance in showing that… ；The find-ings have general significance in that… ；This possibilityis strengthening by the observation that… ,等等。例:

Enzyme Linkel Immunosorbent Assay(ELISA)isused to the detection for antibody of anti-thy oglobulinin normal human serum,cord serum,and amniotic results demonstrate that it seemed to be an cer-tain rule that the lower appeared in the amniotic fluid,the highest in cord is decreasing for anormal level with the grown-up age after isthus concluded that antibody of anti-thyroglobulin wemeasured may play a certain significance in diagnosis ofcretinism by ELISA.作者采用ELISA对正常人的血清、脐带血清和羊水中的抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体进行了测定。其结果有一定规律:抗体在胎生期首先出现,分娩时浓度达高峰,而后随年龄增长逐渐降至正常水平。故测定该抗体对地方克汀病之诊断有一定意义。

3、INTRODUCTION引言

本项除课题意义外,主要涉猎前人研究情况的评述及本研究的目的,后两者有时分别列出。兹分述如下:

、REVIEW OF PREVIOUS WORK

以往研究评论还有用其它题目的,例如:REVIEW OF LITER-ATURE(文献评述),LITERATURE CITED(文献引述),PRIOR RESEARCH(以前的研究),SOMEPAST DESIGNS(过去的某些设计),BACK-GROU-ND(背景材料),等等。而这些资料引文的重点要放在引述与本文有关的以往研究的结果,否则会喧宾夺主。句式常有 (reported,gave,car-ried out experiment on… ；Sb found(showed…)that… .还有若干不同的其它表达方法,写在下边:our exper-iments show that… ；The present study was undertakentoidentify… ,Date are presented that suggest… ,Ourresults supported… ；The distribution has reported by… ；Our laboratory has undertaken a reexamination of… ；This article(paper)documents… ；We trace(evi-dence)…This model extends… ；Our findings demon-strate… ；We reasoned that… ；The effect…were evalu-ated by means of… ；The present results add some fur-ther elements to… .A recent study analyzed he effect of aspirin(ASA)on primaryhemostasis in uremia,measuring bleedingtime(BT).It was found that the same dose of ASA pro-longed BT more in uremic that in control subjects,sug-gesting platelets were more susceptible to the inhibitory-of might be due to different ASA pharma-cokinetics and bioavailability that might be influenced bythe uremic condition.新近一项研究分析了乙酰水扬酸对尿毒症第一期出血的影响,测定了出血的时间。我们发现,同样剂量的ASA均可延长出血时间,而尿毒症受验者比对照受验者要多。这提示尿毒症的血小板对ASA的抑制更具敏感性。这可能是由于ASA的药物动力学和生物可用性不同所致。

、OBJECTIVES目的

这一条还可写作OBJEC-TIVES OF STUDY(研究的目的),有时OBJEC-TIVES不列在INTRODUCTION之内,而独立列为一项。多采用开门见山,直接点出目的方式。常见的用语有:The(major main,overall,broad,primary…)objectives(purpose goal,aim…)of this study(research,article,paper,project,experiment),were(was)… ；The study aims at doing something…。例:The objec-tive of this article was to suggest that pulmonaryimpedance rheograph is one of the methods for differen-tial diagnosis of early pulmonale cor and hyperthyroi-dism。本文的目的在于提示肺阻抗图是早期肺心病和甲状腺机能亢进的鉴别诊断方法之一。

4、METHODS or EQUIPMENT AND TEST(EX-PERIMENT)PROCE DURI方法、设备和试验程序

这一部分内容须视论文的类别而有所不同,但就该题目而论,则多系试验研究和技术报告一类。还可以用以下名称等:TEST AND EQUIPMENT(试验与设备),MATERIALS AND METHODS(材料及方法),EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE(试验过程),DESCRIPTION OF EXPERIMENT(试验描述),或者只写PROCEEDURE(过程),及METHODS(方法),较常见的句式有:Sb or Sth was(were)tested at… ；Sb or Sth participated in this study；或者The equip-ment which was used(consisted of,constructed from,furnished to…by,…)is… .例:Three groups of sub-jects participated in this study:(a)18 patients(10 menand 8 women with a medianage of 46 year,range 24～69)with chronic renal failure with anuria…参加本研究的有:(a)18例无尿慢性肾衰竭患者,其中男性10人,女性8人,平均年龄为46岁,年龄范围为24～69岁… …。The test equipment which was used consisted of acupboard complete with temperature measuring trans-ducers and recording equipment.所有的试验装置由一个配有测温传感器和记录器的.小柜组成。

5、RESULTS AND DISCUSSION结果和讨论

这个项目是全文的重点,其篇幅约占整个文章的一半或三分之二。它将对研究、试验、观察等结果加以分析和讨论,其中包括曲线、图表和照片等。大都采用分题逐一讨论的方法。常用语有:The test(experi-mental)results presented(obtained)show(indicate,con-firm)…that… ；It should be noted that…等。例:Ourresults have shown that T-cell deplection iseffective inthe prevention of acute and chronic GVHD.我们的结果已经说明,T细胞缺失对预防GVHD有效。

6、CONCLUSION结论

其它的表达方法还有:SUMMARY AND CON-CLUSIONS(小结及结论),CONCLUSIONS ANDRECOMMENDATIONS(SUGGESTIONS)(结论与建议)。常用语有:From(On the basis of)… ,the fol-lowing conclusions can(may)be made(drawn,reached)…或者The following recommendations(SUGGES-TIONS…)may be made(PUT FORWARD)…。例:The following recommendations may be made for theimprovement of the method of this kind of operations…对这类手术方法的改进可作下述改进…

7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS感谢

这项的常用语是:We acknowledge with… ；Thisstudy was supported by… ,We thank…for… ；Thisstudy was supported grants from…。例:We wish tothank profeor for his valuable suggestionsand thank also for herassistance at the initial stage of this work and Ms,Be-better wilkerson for typing the manuscript.通常,thank和support均可用以人和单位,而前者多用于人,后者多用于单位。有时,在这一项之后还有一行内容:Correspondence should be addresed MRC Cancer Trials office,Medical ResearchCouncil Centre,Hills Road,Cambridge CB22 QH这是表示致函的地点和单位。

8、REFERENCES参考文献

参考文献的写法有多种,但都有一定格式。无论采用哪一种,前后要一致。众所周知,列出参考文献是为了查看或查证与文章叙述或引用部分有关的资料。通常的办法是在论文中的引用部分按出现的先后顺序编上号码。参考文献要按号码顺序排列。每一条书目要包拓以下几个内容:作者姓名、书名、出版者和出版年份、页数等。也可以不按文中引用先后编号,而按作者姓氏的字母顺序排列,而出版年份紧跟在姓名之后。例:

文章正文:The capillary tube is used in such appli-ances ashousehold refrigerauors,small freezers and roomair conditioners,usually up to three ton system[1].Cen-tral air conditioning systems insmall residence,small ice-making machins and small beverage cooler also use thecapillary is not practicle in large commercial-systems because of its lack of sensitivity to loadchanges。

如上所述,我们把参考的文献,按照作者的姓氏的字母排序,写在下面:(1978)Modern Refrigeration andAir Michael Wallace,et al.(eds)New Developments in University (1976)Selected Writings of MaxBlack in Modern Air-conditioning Engineering( ).Oxford University (1972a)Principles of York:McGra-wHill(1972)Commercialand Industrial Science,May1972,～68,(1972b)ibid,～74注意:(1)若文章选自一本论文集,则先写作者姓名、篇目,然后另起一句注明该文集的编辑者姓名及文集名称。如不另起一句,中间要用逗号。ed,eds分别为editor和editors的缩写。(2)作者姓名和书名一般不用逗号隔开。而书名和出版社之间用句号分开。每条书目的最后用逗号,也可不用。(3)出版年份指的是所引出书籍或文章的印刷年份,不是第一版的出版年份。(4)P、PP分别是page和pages的缩写,ibid意为“同上”。(5)若论文多次引出同一篇文章,则可以引文后面写上作者的姓名和文章、书籍的出版年份,并注上页次,前后用括号括上,如(Nelson,1972,)。如果出现引用同一作者,同一年份的几本着作,要在印刷年份加上a,b… ,以示区别,如(Nels on,1972a,),(Nelson,1972b,～68)。

9、APPENDIX附录、补遗

这一项包括LIST OF SYMBOLS AND DEFINI-TIONS(符号及定义表),NOME NCLATURE(技术术语表),等。如何用英语撰写医学论文,笔者认为,对很多作者来说,耗时最多的工作不是本文所谈及的,而应是扎扎实实地搞好平时的英语学习和阅读；加强文学修养及本专业知识的学习、提高和更新等。如果做好这些工作,用英语撰写医学论文,并且撰写较高水平论文的问题便会迎刃而解。

英语论文格式模板

英文论文格式均以美国土木工程师协会出版社发布的标准格式为准。

英语论文用激光打印机打印，打印稿为黑白稿，彩色打印件会影响出版效果。版心：a4纸，上、下页边距 cm，左、右页边距均为 mm。论文内容宽不得超过，长不得超过。

字体和字号：正文，标题，作者联络信息和图表中的文字均为times new roman 12号字。可以跟据需要使用同类字体中的粗体，斜体。

行距：单倍行距。

页码：论文正文和文后所附图例都需添加页码。页码为阿拉伯数字，位于页面下方居中。

文体：文章应语法正确，技术用词准确。标题应该以最简洁的语言概括文章内容。如果标题较长，请采用title: subtitle的形式。

图表：

底纹：插图中不要选择带阴影或底纹，否则会影响印刷效果。

扫描图：印刷后的扫描图不如原件清晰。如果文中有扫描图，请提供灰色色标扫描图。

作者联络信息：请用横线和正文隔开。联络信息可以为一位作者或所有作者的，包括以下内容：作者全名;所属学会;学历或授予的荣誉;所在单位;通讯地址和电子邮箱;电话和传真。

基本论文格式

论文一般由题名、作者、摘要、关键词、正文、参考文献和附录等部分组成，其中部分组成(例如附录)可有可无。论文各组成的'排序为：题名、作者、摘要、关键词、英文题名、英文摘要、英文关键词、正文、参考文献、附录和致谢。

1、毕业论文格式的写作顺序是：标题、作者班级、作者姓名、指导教师姓名、中文摘要及关键词、英文摘要及英文关键词、正文、参考文献。

2、毕业论文中附表的表头应写在表的上面，居中;论文附图的图题应写在图的下面，居中。按表、图、公式在论文中出现的先后顺序分别编号。

3、毕业论文中参考文献的书写格式严格按以下顺序：序号、作者姓名、书名(或文章名)、出版社(或期刊名)、出版或发表时间。

4、论文格式的字体：各类标题(包括参考文献标题)用粗宋体;作者姓名、指导教师姓名、摘要、关键词、图表名、参考文献内容用楷体;正文、图表、页眉、页脚中的文字用宋体;英文用TimesNewRoman字体。

5、论文格式的字号：论文题目用三号字体，居中;一级标题用四号字体;二级标题、三级标题用小四号字体;页眉、页脚用小五号字体;其它用五号字体;图、表名居中。

6、格式正文打印页码，下面居中。

7、论文打印纸张规格：A4210297毫米。

8、在文件选项下的页面设置选项中，字符数/行数选使用默认字符数;页边距设为上：3厘米;下：厘米;左：厘米;右：厘米;装订线：厘米;装订线位置：左侧;页眉：厘米;页脚厘米。

9、在格式选项下的段落设置选项中，缩进选0厘米，间距选0磅，行距选倍，特殊格式选(无)，调整右缩进选项为空，根据页面设置确定行高格线选项为空。

10、页眉用小五号字体打印XX大学XX学院20XX级XX专业学年论文字样，并左对齐。

11、使用软件：MicrosoftWord2000以上版本。

文献注释

注释不同于参考文献。参考文献是作者写作论著时所参考的文献书目，集中列于文末。而注释则是作者对正文中某一内容作进一步解释或补充说明的文字，不要列入文末的参考文献，而要作为注释放在页下，用①②标识序号。注释中提到的论著保持通常格式，如：

①与正文部分空出两行;②按照文中的索引编号分别或合并注释;③注释采用五号黑体，注释内容汉语采用小五号宋体，英语采用Times New Roman 9号。

论文英语作业设计模板

初中英语作业优化设计策略初探的论文

一、初中英语作业的重要性

随着初中英语新课程的深度改革与有效实施，新课程理念逐步深入人心。教学过程、方法及其策略较之以前都有很大改进，教学效果显著提高。然而，教学中的一个重要环节——课后作业布置却时常为一些英语教师所忽视。

课后作业是课堂教学的自然延续和补充，是教师了解学生的学习情况、检查教学效果、调整教学方法的重要依据。它能使学生更好地吸收、消化所学的知识，是巩固、掌握和深化课堂所学知识必不可少的手段。它能改善学生的学习技能，发展学生自我指导和自我负责的能力，培养学生良好的学习习惯，促使家长关心子女的学习和教育。然而，长期以来，英语作业布置仍然存在着与新课程理念相悖的现象：很多老师在作业的形式、层次、完成方式等诸多方面存在着形式单一、层次单调、方式呆板的问题，从而制约了英语教学质量的提高，不利于培养和发展学生的个性。

二、调查结果和分析

现在大多数英语教师对英语课后作业的布置只是沿袭传统的练习和试卷，不管学生是否接受，作业是否适合学生的实际，这使得作业只体现教师的意志，而缺乏学生个性的体现。那么学生对英语课后作业的评价及其期望是什么呢?

笔者针对英语课后作业情况以问卷形式对本校初一、初二的300名学生进行随机抽样调查。调查结果显示大多数学生并不喜欢传统的作业布置形式，在完成作业的过程中体会不到快乐，有些还产生厌烦情绪，从而使作业的实效性很难得到落实。那么，这就跟我们时下提倡的英语课程教学任务的新目标相违背。学生们都表示更喜欢形式多样、趣味性和实践性强的作业，这就需要我们改革传统的作业形式，认真探索新的作业形式。为此，我们必须解放思想、更新观念、以学生喜闻乐见的形式，有针对性地布置作业，以提高英语作业的实效性。

三、初中英语作业的优化设计策略

在“减负增效”背景下，培养学生自主学习和自我管理能力显得格外重要。而作业的优化是培养学生这些能力的有效手段之一。笔者通过近期的尝试和探究，摸索出了以下几种英语作业设计的新途径：

(一)作业设计应讲究趣味性、新颖性和多样性

苏霍姆林斯基在他的《给教师的建议》一书中说到:“所谓课上得有趣，就是说:学生带着一种高涨、激动的情绪从事学习和思考，对面前所显示的真理感到惊奇和震惊，在学习中意识到自己的智慧和力量，体会到创造的快乐，为人的意志和智慧的伟大而感到骄傲。”饶有兴趣的作业题具有一定的吸引力，能调动学生的学习积极性，能促进学生充分发挥自己的智力水平去完成它。笔者通过设计多种形式多变、实践性很强的作业，让学生在作业中体会快乐，在作业中学习。如译林牛津版英语7aunit5shopping的reading部分，这部分内容是关于如何在商店用简单的英语进行购物。这节课我采用了区别于其他课的教法，让学生自己充分利用小学所学的英语基础先去预习本课的学习内容，然后在课堂上进行实际的操练。布置的预习作业如下:

1.让学生根据课本内容，并结合以前所学的一些知识，查找并熟记一些与购物相关的日常用语。比如，canihelpyou?whatcanidoforyou?howmuchisit?hereyouare.等。

2.让学生准备好课堂上购买所需的“货币”。对货币的要求是:不能使用真的人民币，可以准备历史上曾经出现过的货币，如贝壳等。如果实在找不到的话，也可以自己用纸来制作。

正如我所料，这次的作业非常受欢迎，并且增强了学生的求知欲；并且随后的那节课由于学生的参与热情高，教学效果非常好。由此可见，作业布置得有趣、新颖和有效合理，不仅会吸引学生努力去完成，还会促进课堂教学效率的提高，并深入学生的心里。

(二)作业设计应注重开放性、探究性和合作性

《课程标准》指出:“教师要创造各种合作学习的.活动，促使学生互相学习、互相帮助，发展合作精神。”学生与学生之间、学生与教师之间、学生与家长之间可相互切磋，共同合作完成作业。由独立走向合作，是作业改革的必然趋势。教师可以有意识地把学生划分成各学习小组，也可以允许学生自由地结对子，在完成作业的过程中，可以寻求同伴、家长、教师的帮助。

例如，在学习译林牛津版7aunit3halloween的reading部分之前，笔者让学生预习课文，查找一下在万圣节，人们往往会有哪些活动；而在学完halloween之后，可以给学生布置如下作业:

1.向你的同学和老师介绍一下西方的万圣节。(用英语口头陈述)

2.学生自己组队制作万圣节所用的道具：例如，南瓜灯、糖果、奇装异服等。

3.学生组队课后演练万圣节的各项活动，然后让他们在课堂上亲身体验一下西方的万圣节，玩一下“不招待就使坏”的游戏等。

这样的作业可以使学生了解更多的西方文化知识，锻炼其真实运用英语的能力。由笔者在教学实践中的尝试可见，形式多样、内容贴近学生生活、能让学生学以致用的作业最受学生欢迎，从而激发学生的学习热情。

(三)作业设计应强调层次性和自主性

为了面向全体学生，作业也要根据学生的学习动机、基础、能力等做到分层设计。我们可以把作业设计为“必做”和“选做”两个层次。“必做”题要求全体学生都要完成，以达到教学的基本要求。对于“选做”习题，学生可以根据自己的情况尽力完成。另外，我们也可以把班级学生按层次从高到低分为a、b、c三个等级，科学明确地制定分层目标，设计分层作业。课堂内不同层次的学生分别选用各层次练习，教师进行组间巡视，指导c级学生落实双基，启发b级学生独立完成练习，点拨a级学生进一步发挥创造潜能。课后分层布置家庭作业，鼓励c级学生有余力可做一些b级作业，鼓励b级学生，有余力做a级作业。分层作业针对个别差异，可以使不同层次的学生各得其所，在不同基础上都有各自的提高和发展。

(四)作业设计应体现复现性

德国著名心理学家艾滨浩斯的遗忘曲线告诉我们，对所学的知识应该赶在遗忘以前迅速地、及时地进行巩固、复习、重现和运用，才能更好地强化记忆的效果。在巩固新知识时，有计划地将新旧语言材料结合起来，让学生看到新出现的语言材料和已学过的是相互联系的。这样可以让学生温故而知新，符合认识规律，有利于提高学习效果。此外，学生在熟悉的话题中学习新知，会让他觉得这题目好像是做过的，“我会做”，无形中使其信心大增。

总之，作业的设计要以课程标准中的基本理论为先导；要围绕教学要求，拓展视野，努力从听说、读写、表演、视听等多角度入手。经过优化设计的作业，摆脱了传统单一的书面作业，可以给学生们一个想象的空间，给他们创造一个主动学习的环境，一个开放宽松的学习氛围，为他们提供一个展现风采、实现自我发展的平台，让他们在完成作业的同时，还可以掌握查找搜集资料的各种方法，并学会如何与他人合作。此外，在材料的搜集、活动的准备和表演中，潜移默化地扩大了学生们的词汇量，也提升了他们的跨文化意识。这样的作业，增强了学生学习英语的兴趣，调动了学生学习的自主性与积极性，更为重要的是，培养了学生的语言综合运用能力。

一、新课标下初中英语作业设计存在的问题

初中英语家庭作业设计的不足之处主要表现有下几个方面：单一的作业内容，没有充分利用丰富的英语教学资源；死板的作业形式，不容易激起学生的学习积极性；一致的作业内容，忽视了学生学习水平的差异性，不利于学生的自我良好发展；过大的作业量，学生花大量的时间用于做作业，从而影响学生的心理健康和身体健康。从以上一系列问题，我们不难发现：对于旧的家庭作业设计的改革势在必行，不然可能会使得学生的英语学习跟周围的社会生活相互脱节，也影响良好的师生关系的建立，不仅不利于教师的教学工作，也不利于学生的学习。因此，如果想成功地解决这些问题，作为英语老师，必须在作业设计上勤动脑子，结合学生的实际情况，设计有效的家庭作业，充分发挥出家庭作业应有的积极作用。

二、优化初中英语作业设计的策略

作业的趣味性

兴趣是我们最好的老师，它是激发学生学习的内在动力，因此有效的作业设计不仅要关注教学所需，更要结合学生自身的好奇心、求知心等一系列心理特点和他们所处的年龄阶段，使得作业设计充满趣味性，远离单调乏味的作业设计，燃起学生学习的积极主动性。教师所设计的作业要尽量彰显作业的自主性、开放性、多元性。同时，教师要寓教于乐，玩练结合，让学生从游戏中找到做作业的快乐。

作业的多样性

教师在设计英语作业时要注意作业的多样性，从而丰富作业的类型。例如，有侧重于“双基”的记忆型作业、也有侧重于锻炼学生丰富的想象力的.专项练习、更有注重学生实际应用所学知识的应用型作业、还包括一些让学生亲自参与并体验的体验型作业等等。作业类型的多样性，不仅满足学生的不同需求，同时也把学生学习的积极性充分调动起来。

作业的分层性

英语教师在布置作业是要注意作业的层次性，由于不同的学生的学习能力以及他们各自知识的基本功存在差异性，这就要求教师在设计作业这一环节必须要根据不同学生实际情况进而设计出不同层次的作业，达到不同层次学生的实际要求。例如，教师可以采用不同“层次”——A、B、C三种类型的难度有别的作业。学生在完成作业过程中，都有机会体验成功的喜悦，自然而然就会对英语的学习产生浓浓的兴趣，从而爱上学英语。

着眼学生个体差异

学生与学生之间都是有差异的个体，所以不同的学生做相同的作业，必然会有一些优秀的学生吃不饱的现象存在。鉴于此，教师在设计布置学生作业的时候，确保作业有保持一定的梯度，进而满足不同学习层次学生的需要。教师在布置作业时，优秀生、中等生、后进生这三方面的学生都要考虑到，确保可以让后进生跳一跳就能摘到“桃子”，又能保证优秀生免受“饥饿”之苦。

尊重学生不同学习水平

当今的课堂教学往往呈现作业“一刀切”的现象。不仅导致有的学生“吃不饱”，还会影响个别学生“吃不掉”或是吃了“不消化”。长期下来，学生的学习积极性被统一的作业形式所打击，深深地影响了学生的学习效果。因此教师要针对自己班的学生的学习能力和水平差异，将学生分成不同的层次，设计难度层次有别的作业。

充分考虑不同家庭情况

家庭作业是联系家庭和学校的纽带。通过布置层次不同的作业，家长能够更好了解自己孩子的学习状况，而且能够主动地参与到孩子的课程学习中去。针对一些英语程度不好的家长，可以让这些家长主要负责监督孩子认真地听读，等孩子听读完毕后，家长签上自己的姓名和日期，以及孩子相应的完成情况。针对于一些英语程度好一点的家长，不仅要监督孩子认真听录音，还要仔细听孩子的读音是否标准，同时也可以激励学生与家长开展简短的英语会话。通过会话训练，提高和巩固学生的英语口语水平和所学的知识。而且在此过程中使学生跟父母的感情更加亲近，也便于将来家庭与学校进一步良好的沟通。

作业的量度要适中

教师所布置的作业量会直接影响着学生完成作业所花的时间和完成的质量。2004年,上海市教育工作会议提出的《关于切实减轻中小学生过重课业负担的若干意见》其中规定，初中一、二年级的作业在小时之内。为此,教师在设计作业时态度一定要认真，用心揣摩课堂作业的内容与量度。

三、结语

总之，初中英语作业设计是教学中的重要环节，教师要从新课程标准的角度去设计初中英语作业。不断地创新作业形式,让学生在自主作业中提高学习能力，在自主发展中获得学习乐趣，将作业这门苦差事变成乐事。

英语毕业论文设计模板

英语毕业论文提纲模板

紧张又充实的`大学生活即将结束，毕业前要通过最后的毕业论文，毕业论文是一种有准备的检验学生学习成果的形式，毕业论文应该怎么写才好呢？以下是我整理的英语毕业论文提纲模板，希望能够帮助到大家。

Acknowledgements 4-6

Contents 6-10

List of Figures 10-12

List of Tables 12-20

Abstract 20-22

摘要 23-25

Chapter 1 Introduction 25-32

Purpose of the study and research questions 28-29

Significance of the study 29-30

Organization of the study 30-31

A note on terminology 31-32

Chapter 2 Literature review 32-51

T/TP and coherence in English writing 32-35

Defining coherence 32-33

T/TP as means to realize coherence 33-35

T/TP in EFL/ESL writing 35-42

T/TP and coherence in EFL/ESL writing 35-37

T/TP in EFL/ESL writing as compared to NS writing 37-42

T/TP in English research articles by EFL/ESL scholars 42-44

The factors that influence T/TP in EFL/ESL writing 44-47

Training in T/TP 47-49

Summary 49-51

Chapter 3 Theoretical background 51-70

Systemic Functional Grammar 51-55

Five dimensions of language as a semiotic system 51-53

Three metafunctions of language as a functional system 53-54

Three lines of meaning from metafunctions 54-55

Theme and thematic progression 55-70

Theme 56-62

Thematic progression 62-70

Chapter 4 Research Design 70-88

The participants and the educational context 70-73

Background of the participants and the participating school 70

The allocation of participants to the training 70-71

The sample sizes 71-72

The pilot study 72-73

The interventional procedures 73-74

The questionnaire 74-75

The training 75-80

Considerations behind the training 75-76

The training material 76-79

The role of the researcher as the trainer 79-80

Data analysis 80-86

Analysis of the writing 80-86

Analysis of the questionnaire 86

Ethical considerations 86-88

Informed consent 86-87

Anonymity 87

Harm 87-88

Chapter 5 Results and analysis of pre-training writing 88-115

Comparison of Themes in EEL pre-training writing and CEL pre-writing 88-102

Topical,textual and interpersonal Themes 88-91

Topical Themes:marked and unmarked Themes 91-95

Textual Themes:continuatives,conjunctions and conjunctive adjuncts 95-100

Interpersonal Themes 100-102

Comparison of thematic progression in EEL pre-training writing and CEL pre-writing 102-110

Linear,constant,summative and split progressions 102-107

Back,contextual and new Themes 107-110

Summary 110-115

Chapter 6 Results and analysis of post-training writing 115-137

Comparison of Themes in EEL post-training writing and CEL post-writing 115-129

Topical,textual and interpersonal Themes 115-117

Topical Themes:marked and unmarked Themes 117-121

Textual Themes:continuatives,conjunctions and conjunctive adjuncts 121-126

Interpersonal Themes 126-129

Comparison of thematic progression in EEL post-training writing and CEL post-writing 129-132

Linear,constant,summative and split progressions 129-131

Back,contextual and new Themes 131-132

Summary 132-137

Chapter 7 Results and analysis of pre- and post- training writing 137-155

Comparison of Themes in pre- and post- training writing 137-147

Topical,textual and interpersonal Themes 137-139

Topical Themes:marked and unmarked Themes 139-142

Textual Themes:continuatives,conjunctions and conjunctive adjuncts 142-145

Interpersonal Themes 145-147

Comparison of thematic progression in pre- and post- training writing 147-150

Linear,constant,summative and split progressions 147-149

Back,contextual and new Themes 149-150

Summary 150-155

Chapter 8 Results and analysis of the questionnaire 155-165

Findings from closed questions 155-160

EEL participants' general attitude to training on T/TP 155-157

EEL participants' perception of the usefulness of the training on T/TP 157-158

EEL participants' perception of the learnability of T/TP 158-159

EEL participants' perception of the applicability of T/TP in writing 159-160

Findings from open questions 160-164

The changes that occurred 161-162

The perceived difficulty of applying the theory of T/TP in writing 162-163

The reasons for the perceived difficulty in learning 163

EEL participants' suggestions for future training 163-164

Summary 164-165

Chapter 9 Discussion 165-195

Findings with regard to research questions 165-187

Chinese college students' use of T/TP in pre-training writing 165-172

Chinese college students' use of T/TP in post-training writing 172-181

Effects of the training on T/TP in Chinese college students' English writing 181-187

Positioning the study within the literature 187-190

T/TP in Chinese college students' English writing 187-189

Effects of training on Chinese college students' use of T/TP 189-190

Implications 190-194

Pedagogical implication 190-193

Methodological implication 193-194

Limitations 194-195

Chapter 10 Conclusion 195-200

Summary 195-197

Putting everything together 197-199

Suggestions for future work 199-200

Notes 200-202

References 202-214

Appendix 1: Plan for the interventional procedures 214-215

Appendix 2: The post-training questionnaire 215-217

Appendix 3: Training material 217-229

Appendix 4: Teachers' guide to the training 229-237

Appendix 5: Consent form for EEL group 237-238

Appendix 6: Consent form for CEL group 238-239

Appendix 7: Consent form for NS group 239

中文摘要 3-4

ABSTRACT 4

Chapter One Introduction 7-10

Motivation of the present study 7-8

Significance of this study 8

Composition of this thesis 8-10

Chapter Two Literature Review 10-19

Language production 10-14

L1 Production 10-11

L2 Production 11-12

Dimensions of language production 12-14

Theories on oral output 14-15

Skehan’s dual-model system 14

Swain’s Output Hypothesis 14-15

Task Repetition 15-17

Task 15-16

Task repetition 16-17

Relevant studies on effects of task repetition on L2 oral output 17-19

CHARPTER THREE THE CURRENT STUDY 19-25

Research justification and questions 19

Hypothesis 19-20

Methods 20-25

Participants 20-21

Material 21

Research design 21-23

Measures 23-25

Chapter Four Results and Discussion 25-41

Results and Analysis 25-34

Quantitative analysis 25-27

Qualitative analysis 27-34

Discussion 34-41

Fluency 34-36

Complexity 36-38

Accuracy 38-39

interlanguage development path of learner L 39-41

Chapter Five Conclusions 41-44

Conclusion and implication 41-43

Limitations and recommendations 43-44

Acknowledgements 44-45

References 45-49

Appendixes 49-54

A. Instructions of the experiment 49-50

B. The same-content task 50-51

C. The different-content task 51-52

D. Sample of oral pre-task 52-53

E. Sample of oral post-task 53-54

F. Sample of writing repetition task 54

Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction

Research Background

Significance of the Study

Research Goals and Questions

Data Collection and Methodology

Analysis Procedures

Organization of the Thesis

Chapter 2 Literature Review

Introduction to Appraisal Theory

Studies on Appraisal Theory

Studies on Appraisal Theory Abroad

Studies on Appraisal Theory at Home

Studies on Personal Statements

Introduction to Personal Statement

Summary

Chapter 3 Theoretical Framework

An Overview of Attitude System

Affect Resources

Judgment Resources

Social Esteem

Social Sanction

Appreciation Resources

Interactions of Affect, Judgment and Appreciation

Borders of Affect, Judgment and Appreciation

Summary

Appendix 1: Papers Published during Graduate Studies

Appendix 2: Some Samples of the Study

References

Acknowledgements

英语教育专业毕业论文提纲模板

所谓论文提纲，是指论文作者动笔行文前的必要准备，是论文构思谋篇的具体体现。构思谋篇是指组织设计毕业论文的篇章结构，以便论文作者可以根据论文提纲安排材料素材、对课题论文展开论证。下面我以英语教育专业毕业论文提纲为例，为大家介绍论文提纲的写法。

英语教育专业毕业论文提纲模板一

摘要 2-3

Abstract 3

引言 6-13

一、研究的背景 6-7

二、文献综述 7-11

(一) 国外研究状况 7-9

(二) 国内研究状况 9-11

三、研究方法 11-12

四、创新之处 12-13

第一章小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学的理论思考 13-22

一、相关概念的界定 13

二、小学高年级实施英语语篇整体性教学的必要性 13-14

(一) 小学高年级学生心理发展的特点 13

(二) 小学高年级英语语篇的特点 13-14

三、小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学的理论基础 14-18

(一) 心理学中的整体性原则 14-15

(二) 心理学中的认知理论 15-16

(三) 三种阅读教学模式 16-18

四、小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学的主要类型 18-22

(一) 对话类语篇整体性教学要素 18-19

(二) 故事类语篇整体性教学要素 19-22

第二章小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学课堂模式实施的现状调研 22-38

一、调研设计 22-23

(一) 调研对象 22

(二) 调研方法 22

(三) 调研内容 22-23

二、对小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学推进情况的调研 23-38

(一) 对语篇整体性教学实施态度的调研 23-25

(二) 对语篇整体性教学实施过程的调研 25-27

(三) 对语篇整体性教学实施效果的调研 27-34

(四)对语篇整体性教学实施困惑的调研 34-38

第三章小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学调研的问题及原因分析 38-46

一、在实施语篇整体性教学过程中存在的问题 38-41

(一) 过于重视“整体”，完全放弃了 “局部”知识点学习 38-39

(二)为了体现“学生主体”，大胆放弃“教师主导” 39-40

(三)误解“阅读语篇”的意义，变成“反复朗读语篇” 40

(四)为了“整体情境”，拘泥于“单一情境” 40

(五)为了“立足语篇”，拒绝“适当有效拓展” 40-41

二、小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学问题产生原因的分析 41-46

第四章优化小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学的途径 46-54

一、小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学课堂实施的原则 46-51

(一) 整体理解为主,细节理解为辅 46-48

(二) 语感训练为主,语法理解为辅 48-50

(三) 思维训练为主,知识技能掌握为辅 50-51

二、小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学的策略研究 51-54

(一) 确立明确的教学目标 51

(二) 分配合理的预习任务 51-52

(三) 关注有效的情景创设 52

(四) 把握清晰的主线设置 52

(五) 关注丰富的拓展阅读 52-54

结语 54-55

参考文献 55-59

致谢 59-60

英语教育专业毕业论文提纲模板二

Idiom Translation under the Chinese and English Cultures

Class XXX Number XXX Name XXX

Abstract: Nida, a famous translator, says, "For truly successful translation, it is much more important to familiarize two cultures than master two languages, because words are assigned meanings in its particular cultures."(Background information) This is to say, translation is closely related with not only languages but also cultures. Studies of the cultural distinction in idiom translation are still relatively weak in the field of translation in China. Exclusive research on the translation of Chinese and English idioms is still incomplete. In the last twenty years, idiom translation has mostly emphasized the level of inter-lingual communication, but cultural differences were rarely involved in it.(Identify problem) This thesis analyses the cultural differences in Chinese and English idioms, then studies English-Chinese\Chinese-English idiom translation methods(Research subject) from the angle of culture(Method) and points out some warnings concerning idiom translation: pay attention to context and choose the right version in line with the style and meaning of the original passage(Results); culture is a whole way of life, when new culture emerges, new idioms also appear, therefore idiom translation should develop with the time.(Conclusion)

Key Words: idioms; culture; translation

论英汉文化背景下的习语翻译

摘要 :著名翻译学家奈达指出:“对于真正成功的翻译而言，熟悉两种文化甚至比掌握两种语言更为重要，

因为词语只有在其作用的'文化背景下才有意义。”也就是说，翻译不仅与语言有关也和文化有关。习语翻译中对文化差异的研究在中国的翻译领域中仍然较弱，专门对中英习语翻译的研究还不很完善。近20年来，习语翻译大多强调语际的交流，而很少涉及文化差异。本文通过分析中英习语的文化差异，进而从文化角度研究中英习语翻译方法，并指出中英习语翻译要注意的问题:联系上下文，选择与原文风格，意思相符的翻译;文化是一种生活方式，文化在变化，出现新的习语，习语翻译要与时俱进。

关键词：习语;文化;翻译

1. Introduction

Idioms universally exist in every language. An Idiom is a word or an expression

that cannot be literally translated from the source language into the target language because its idiomatic meaning cannot be understood by literally defining its component parts.(Background) In a broad sense, idioms contain set phrases, proverbs, colloquialisms, slangs, maxims, allusions, etc. (YinLi, 2007:9) In Chinese, they also include enigmatic folk similes. Newmark, a British translation theorist, in his work A Textbook of Translation, said, "I define as culture the way of life and his manifestation that are peculiar to a community that uses a peculiar language as its means of expression. "(Previous research) English Idioms derives from English cultures and daily life. In real context, idioms explain themselves: nine times out of ten they carry their own explanations. If we are unaware of these, we will find ourselves in a state of confusion since we will assign literal meaning to them. The Chinese Idioms, especially the four-character idioms, have their own unique origins which are closely correlative to the Chinese history and cultures. In view of the difficulties in understanding idioms, we should pay due attention and efforts to understand their cultures and customs. This thesis is designed to dig into the cultural differences between Chinese and English and then elaborates on the translation theories applied to idioms. (Subject + Method)

2. A Comparison Between English and Chinese Idioms

The Cultural Differences Between English and Chinese Idioms Geographical Conditions

The formation of culture is closely related with natural geographical conditions. A specific geographical environment produces a specific culture, which also leads to a particular expression.

Great Britain covers islands including the Northern one-sixth of the island of

Ireland between the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea, northwest of France. It has a moist climate with much rainfall. Rivers and lakes are numerous. No wonder that fishery is thriving and most important in Britain. Accordingly, idioms concerning fish and navigation constitute a great part in English idioms. (LiYuping, 2008:20)(Theory/Results of previous research)

For example, "like a fish out of water". If you feel like fish out of water, you feel awkward and uncomfortable because you are in an unusual and unfamiliar situation. Fish in the air 缘木求鱼 An odd fish 怪人 Miss the boat 错过机会

Trim the sails to the wind 顺势前进

A small leak will sink a great ship 小洞不补要沉大船 (Examples)

On the other hand, China is located in the Asian Continent and reputed as an agricultural country with a large population of peasants. It is not surprising to find many idioms relevant to farming, such as "骨瘦如柴，对牛弹琴, 众人拾柴火焰高,竹篮打水一场空......". Chinese people also have a mysterious and awe feeling for sea, so they have idioms like "海角天涯，海枯石烂，海阔天空，海底捞针，海市蜃楼......". (Analysis)

History

The Similarities Between English and Chinese Idioms

Colours

Numbers

3. Methods of Idiom Translation

Translation is far more than a science. It is also a skill, and at the ultimate analysis, fully satisfactory translation is always an art. (Nida, 1982:49) Translation is considered as the cultural bridge and media between two languages. As there are wide differences in vocabulary and syntax between English and Chinese, translation is no easy job. Therefore, in order to keep the flavor of the original as well as cater for both the Chinese and English languages, translation skills should be reasonably employed in the process of translating, such as the following translating methods:

Literal Translation

Free Translation

Translation with Notes

Replacement with Similar Idioms

The Translation of Corresponding Idioms with the Same Meaning

A Combination of Literal and Free Translation

4. Some Warnings Concerning Idiom Translation

5. Conclusion

One of the major characteristics identifying us as human is our ability to use language. Language plays a very important role in people’s daily life; it enables people communicate with each other and understand others' feelings. Language has close relations with culture. It is impossible to separate language from culture. As the essence of language, idioms also have close relations with culture. The contents of them range from society, history, psychology to customs and other various social phenomena. So, in the process of translation, translators should pay more attention to the cultural factors, in doing this, he can dig up the implicit meanings. (Conclusion of research) Only the cultural factors are concerned, translators can have a satisfactory translation. Besides, people should get acquaintances with the cultural background when using idioms to avoid embarrassment in communication. (Suggestions)

References

[*] 作者. 书名(英语的斜体). (出版地：)出版社，年份：参考内容页码 [*] 作者. 文章名(英语的斜体). 刊物名称. (出版地：)出版社，年份

[1] Li Mei. Mother tongue and translation. Shanhai: Shanhai Foreign Language Education Press,2008

[2] Li Qingming. A Comparison of the Cultures between the Chinese and English Language. Xi'an: Northwest University of technology Press, 2007

[3] Nida Eugene. The theory and Practice of Translation. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1982

[4] Nida Eugene. Language, Culture, and Translating. Shanhai: Shanhai Foreign Language Education Press, 1993

[5] Susan Bassnett, Andre Lefevere. Translation, History, Culture. Shanghai: Shanhai Foreign Language Education Press, 1987

[6] Luo Shiping. A Research on English Idioms. Shanhai: Shanhai Foreign Language Education Press, 2006

[7] Li Yuping. English Idioms and their Cultural Origin. Tianjin: Nankai University Press, 2008

[8] Yin Li. English-Chinese Idioms and Folk Culture. Beijing: Bejing university Press, 2007

[9] Zhang Yajun. A Kaleidoscope of Chinese Culture. Beijing: Sinolingua, 2008\

[10] 李云(Li Yun).《新编大学翻译教程》. 北京：世界知识出版社, 2007 [11] 马爱英(Ma Aiying).《中英文化翻译》. 北京：科学出版社, 2006

高中英语教案设计模板论文

到学校找个老师

英语快速阅读的培养不可能一天就学会和掌握，必须有一个循序渐进的过程。本文的出发点在于平时学习过程中的培养和训练，才能在考试过程中发挥得淋漓尽致，达到满意的效果。因此，在日常学习中，要有意识地按照精英特快速阅读的要求进行大量的训练，制定出计划和严格的要求，一步一个脚印地进行。只要持之以恒，必然会见效。接下来是我为大家整理的2020高中英语教案范文，希望大家喜欢!

2020高中英语教案范文一

《Unit 3 A taste of English humour》

教学准备

教学目标

Teaching Objectives

1. Students are able to learn more about nonverbal humour as well as Charlie Chaplin through network-based.

2. Students are able to get the gen eral idea and detailed information of the passage by skimming, scanning as well as interpreta tion and appreciation.

3. Students will learn to face difficulties in life with optimism and humour as well as learn to cooperate with others in groups.

教学重难点

Teaching difficult points

1. How to guide students to search for and sort out related information according to the assigned task through the Internet.

2. How to cu ltivate students’ learning ability through teamwork based on network.

Teaching important points

1. Help students to get the general idea and detailed information of the text effectively by skimming and scanning.

2. Help students to analyze the reasons for Charlie Chaplin’s success by interpreting the key sentences and get them inspired.

教学过程

Step 1

Lead-in(3 mins)

’ Activities：

Purpose of Activities

Students are to appreciate a video clip performed by Mr. Bean.

Students will be guided to acquire the form of nonverbal humour in a vivid way,

thus eage r to learn about the main character of the text with interest.

Step 2

Network-based Interactive Learning(25 mins)

’ Activities

(1).Students are divided into five groups to search for and sorted out the related information according to the assigned task online

(2)A representative of each group is to share the information with the others.

Purpose of Activities

Students will develop their ability to effectively sort out information on the Internet throug h group cooperation as well as feel a sense of achievement by their oral presentation.

Step3 Text-based Reading(17 mins)

Students’ Activities 1. Students are to read the text quickly, and then answer the questions according to the text. 2. Read Paragraph 3 carefully, and then answer the question ---Why did “the little tramp”become Charlie Chaplin’ famous character ?3. Read Paragraph 4 and fill in the blanks

。4. Find out the sentences that can account for Charlie Chaplin’s success from the text.

Purpose of Activities

(1)Students will get the general idea as well as the structu re of the text by skimming.

(2)Students will get the detailed information and have a deeper understanding of the text.

(3) Students will get inspired while analyzing the secret to Charlie Chaplin’s success by interpre ting and appreciating some key sentences in the text.

课后习题

Step 5 Homework

1. Students are to read the text carefully again and underline the phrases and sentences difficult to understand after class.

2. Write a summary (about 130 words).

2020高中英语教案范文二

教学准备

教学目标

1. 通过学生分享自己的旅游经历，用英语进行交流与表达。

2. 通过略读与找读，使学生获取文章主要信息，练习阅读技巧。

3. 通过小组讨论为旅游准备的物品，使学生用英语简单的语言实践活动。

教学重难点

教学重点：利用阅读技巧，获取文章大意及细节

教学难点：用英语交流并进行简单实践活动—旅游需要准备的物品

教学过程

I、Warming Up:

1. I’d like to share my travelling experience with you, and would you like to share your travelling experience?

2. The world has many great rivers. Have you been to these rivers?

设计意图：大部分学生都喜欢旅游，老师谈谈自己旅游的经历,询问学生的旅游经历。列举世界上的河流图片，让学生来欣赏认识美好的河流。能有效地调动学生的学习积极性。河流图片的展示，学生猜测河流的名字，唤起学生的学习兴趣以及对大自然的热爱。

II. Pre-reading

Have you been to the Mekong River? What countries does the Mekong River flow through?

设计意图：展示沿湄公河的地图，引起学生的兴趣，让学生观察地图，说出湄公河流经的国家，为随后的阅读做好了内容和词汇上的铺垫。

III. Reading

1. Skimming

Skim the passage and find the main idea for each paragraph

Para 1: Dream

Para 2: A stubborn sister

Para 3: Preparation

设计意图：略读：学生快速浏览课文，寻找相关信息并搭配段落大意。点拨阅读技巧：注意每段开头及结尾。

2. Scanning

1). Read Para 1 and find the key word for the information:

Who and What

Where and How

Why and When

设计意图：1.寻找who，what，where，how，why and when等关键信息,让学生把握这类记叙文的阅读要点。2. 根据图表复述，练习学生语言整合与连贯的能力。

2). Please use at least three adjectives to describe Wang Wei according to Para2, and give your reasons.

设计意图：研读课文第二段，思考至少3个形容词来描写王薇，并利用文章说出依据，目的是让学生研读，并挖掘支持自己观点的信息。

3). Read 3 and answer: what can they see along the Mekong River?

Suppose you are a tourist guide, please introduce the Mekong River briefly to your audience.

设计意图：先让学生从文中找到表示地貌的地理术语，利用形象生动的幻灯片，为学生扫清生词及读音障碍，然后让学生扮演导游的角色，结合示意图向游客介绍湄公河，从而达到复述的目的。

IV. Group work

Imagine that you are preparing for your own trip down the Mekong. In your groups of four: choose 5 things that you think are the most useful, and give your reasons why you choose them.

设计思路：读后讨论，学生想象去湄公河前必备的5件物品，并说明选择的理由。为学生准备地图，收音机，毯子，水杯，救生圈，雨伞，火柴，手机，照相机，药物，防晒霜等，学生小组讨论，并用英语表达个人看法与观点。

V. Summary

What have we learned in this class?

设计思路：引导学生反思本节课主要内容及重难点。

课后习题

Homework

1. Read the passage as fluently as possible after class.

2. Preview Learning about Language.

板书

板书设计：

Unit 3 Travel Journal

Part 1 The dream and the plan

careless waterfall

determined entire

excited view

crazy

stubborn

risk-taking

2020高中英语教案范文三

一、案例实施背景

任何语言的习得和学习都离不开大量阅读的实践。许多教师也意识到高中阅读对于学生综合语言能力培养的重要性，用尽各种办法来培养学生的阅读微技能。当然这样做的目的确实也提高了学生测试性阅读的能力。如阅读前讲解重点生词或词组，阅读中找main idea, 设计不同程度的问题帮助不同层次学生理解阅读，呈现表格，运用复述，角色扮演，采访等不同形式来开展阅读任务。以上虽均衡了话题及功能两方面，但这些方法仍只停留在字，词，句及其他细节的表层理解上。要想真正让学生内化阅读材料，除了表层的理解外,阅读也要关注语言文字背后的深层理解和文化内涵。这点我们可以从语文学习上得到启示。《英语新课程标准》就阅读的知识性和欣赏性上提出了指导思想：语言有丰富的文化内涵。英语学习就是要关注说英语国家的历史地理、风土人情、传统习俗、生活方式、文学艺术、行为规范、价值观念等，从而加深对世界文化的理解。因此，笔者认为高中英语阅读课除了训练测试性阅读之外，需要大量的欣赏性阅读材料来补充教学。教师应该冲破词汇，语法的束缚，在阅读中突出技能渗透的同时，应将课文阅读教学提高到欣赏性阅读的美学高度，真正培养他们的英语学习兴趣。

二、教学内容分析

教学内容为高一NSEFC Book 1 Unit 4的reading task。作为地震内容的阅读补充材料，它是作家Jack London的笔下之作。以一个目击者的身份，介绍了旧金山大地震的所见所闻所感。语言地道优美，描述性较强。重点是欣赏阅读中训练略读和查读两大阅读微技能，逐步加深对旧金山地震及细节理解，并对地震中发生的一切形成自己的观点看法和情感态度，体会人们地震后表现出来的勇敢精神。本课难点是如何引导学生paraphrase 课文中的几个句子如A list of the brave men and women would fill a library. A list of buildings undestroyed was now only a few addresses.

三、学生分析

教学对象为高一学生，他们的认知能力较初中学生有了一定的发展，有着更强的求知欲。不满足单一的课本教材学习，具备对于兴趣的话题会去网上搜索知识来获得信息的能力。半个学期的英语教学已经让他们意识到高中英语阅读不同于初中的手把手阅读，更多的是他们自主思考，对疑惑提出自己的观点和见解。本次欣赏性阅读材料是美国文学原著，他们也是第一次碰到，有些句子理解上比较难，注意给学生学法上的指导。另外为了帮助学生逐层进行理解课文，设计的问题一定要考虑到不同学生的认知识水平，注意因材施教。

四、案例实施过程

(一) warming-up引入

1.教师用播放San Francisco的音乐录音，让学生带着问题what is the song about? 去欣赏.

( Now listen to an English song.. After listening, tell me What the song is about)

2.然后问问题：

What country is it in? In what part of the country does it lie?

PPT呈现一张地球板块分布图，并让学生说出旧金山位于哪两个板块交界处。(San Francisco lies where the American plate and pacific plate meet. The two jump and an earthquake may be felt)

教师自然引入：This was just what happened in 1906.

由于学生刚学过唐山大地震的相关知识，了解板块运动会引起地震，图片即或学生原由有背景知识，为下文的阅读做好铺垫。

(二)pre-reading：预测全文。

浏览题目 the story of an eyewitness呈现两个问题帮助学生预测大意。

Q1: What does an eyewitness mean? Q2: If you were an eyewitness, what would you see and hear during the earthquake?

播放一短视频让学生用几个句子来描述所见所闻。

学生一般都这样描述： The world was at an end! The bridges cracked and broke; the people were killed; buildings were destroyed…The houses were shaking and then the buildings collapsed and were destroyed; Everything was in ruins…..

predicting是一项重要的阅读微技能，目的是让学生猜测文章可能会讲什么。提前预测能够更快激活学生脑中原有的图式，帮助学生更快建构新的知识体系。唐山大地震的学习学生已经对地震前，中，后发生的有所了解，让学生用句子或小篇来描述所见所闻符合有效的输入---输出的英语学习规律。当然直观的视频教学也更能激发学生说的兴趣。这环节目的也是为了让学生更快地找到作者在旧金山地震中的所见所闻。

(三)Skimming

Q: What did the author see and hear? 划出作者的所见所闻句子。

Skimming是训练学生迅速获取文章大意或中心思想的一种阅读能力。本文的中心就是地震后的所见所闻，引导学生可跳过某些细节，围绕问题，加快阅读速度。在阅读时，有意识地引导读读段落的段首或段尾。该环节目的就是让学生熟悉如何进行略读。

(四)Scanning

Q1: Can you find an adj to describe how the author felt about the earthquake? Why?

Q2: Can you find an adj to describe how the people felt about the earthquake? Why?

Scanning称扫读或寻读。目的是找出某些特定信息或回答阅读理解题所需要的事实及依据。在对通篇文章疏而不漏的快速扫描中，迅速定位信息点，而和内容无关或关系不大的部分则可一带而过。该阅读材料文学性强，所描述的细节也很多，学生很难以找出一主线去分析地震景象。以上的两个问题解决了这一教学难点。这两个问题十分有效地让学生去思考人们在震中和震后的感受。通过第一个班的教学，笔者发现可以先将Q2提前解决。因为学生很快就能说出人们的感受。They are kind, sad…教师顺势抓住学生的思维，马上问Why?

Can you find some sentences to support your opinion? 进一步提升问题的本质，启发学生的思维,学生很快也能找到支撑的信息：They helped one another climb the high hills around the city. Never in all San Francisco’s history were her people so kind as on that terrible night. 第二个班级教学中说到人们为什么很悲伤难过，学生的兴趣一下子被激发出来。有人说他们失去了家人，亲人，朋友;有人说他们失去了房子，无家可归;由于课文中的一句话还能证明他们可能会由于失去财产和至爱而悲伤。我也趁机问学生：What can you conclude from the sentence?

“whole families put everything they owned and could save into wagon” 引导学生这样思考they may lose possessions and beloved ones so they are very sad.然后问学生what do you think of the earthquake?你能在文中找出几个形容词来描述么?其实这也就回答了第一个问题。在这整个过程中，教师起到的作用是组织，参与和引导，重视了学生在学习中的主体能动作用。

(五)Careful Appreciation

structure

让学生观察以下句子结构，引导学生发现重复和排比的修辞现象。

1) San Francisco is gone.

2) Its businesses are gone.

3) The factories, hotels and palaces are gone too.

1) A list of buildings undestroyed was now only a few addresses.

2) A list of the brave men and women would fill a library.

3) A list of all those killed will never be made.

让学生文中找出并有感情地朗读，让学生能体会其中的情感并提出一个问题让学生进一步思考：What did the writer want to tell us by using these sentences?

some important sentences:

A list of the brave men and women would fill a library.

A list of buildings undestroyed was now only a few addresses.

让学生第一次做意译，先渗透一些paraphrase的技巧：可以使用句子中的同义词、反义词，注释性说明，改换说法，倒换顺序等。帮助学生抓住关键词brave, library, address等的同义来意译。

reading

NSEFC Book 1 Unit 4中前后两篇阅读文章“A Night The Earth Didn’ t Sleep”和“The Story Of An Eyewitness”虽然都是描写地震，但风格截然不同。为了让学生体会到不同的体裁风格，教师设计了一表格来进行对比阅读。

Tangshan earthquake San Francisco earthquake

Main idea

Details

Point of view

Response of people

Where the writer shows more feeling

(六)布置作业：写一篇描写台风之后的小短文the story after a typhoon。

本单元中心是自然灾害及自我保护，让学生联系生活实际，描写家乡最常见的灾害台风之后情景。

五、课后反思

本课以任务型为教学原则，本案例的每一个任务都是围绕学习者“学”的角度设计的。通过小组活动，培养自主探究能力。学生的每一个活动都具有明确的目的指向和具体的操作要求,较好地体现有效性的教学。教学成功之处是引导学生一步接一步从阅读文章表层意思，到探讨深层意思，使学生体会地震后人们相互帮助并勇敢面对的精神。引入部分达到预期效果，用自己准备了录音和图片自然衔接，时间短但有效能引起学生兴趣，猜测旧金山地震的相关内容。在各个环节中能运用激励评价和过程评价来鼓励学生去说。

不足之处是在于很多设计问题难度过高，教师一开始没有预料到，直到第一个班级的教学发现诸如这样的句子让学生去意译有很大困难，A list of the brave men and women would fill a library.问题给出后一片沉默，即使是程度比较好的同学也是难以入手。到了二次教学中引导学生通过抓住关键词的同义词去替换解释。In what kind of situation are they called brave people? What does “library” mean? 这两个问题的铺垫较好地处理了教学难点。在今后类似的教学过程中，我想可以提供几个选择项，降低难度，以便更有效地进行因材施教。

教无定法，高中阅读欣赏课也不例外。阅读可分导入，快速阅读，表层理解，深层理解，欣赏，拓展等步骤进行。但教学过程不能只将重点放在处理词汇或讲解句子上。阅读欣赏课可对开设英语文学欣赏选修课也有一定的借鉴意义：首先，阅读欣赏课的文学作品要符合学生的认知水平，要满足学生的求知欲。其次，阅读中启迪学生思维，由表层及深层理解语言背后的文化内涵，丰富学生的审美体验。

Focus: Reading

activate the Ss in learning “music”.

2. To develop the Ss’ ability of reading.

3. To help the Ss know something about the different styles of music.

1. Enable the Ss to understand the details about the passage The Band that Wasn’t.

2. Help the Ss to sum up the main idea of each paragraph.

Step 1Warming up

1) Lead in

Before class, T plays a song I’m a believer which was sung by The Monkees, with the words of

the song printed on the screen.

Then tell them: This is one of my favorite music. The music is a little show. When I listen to it,

it will remind of many old things. So I like it very much. What is your favorite music? And whydo you like it? So your favorite music belongs to pop music/rock… What other kinds of music do

you know?(classical music, pop, folk, jazz, dance, rock and roll, hip-hop, rap etc.)

2) Task: Brain-storming

Ask the students to name different music styles. Show some styles of music that they are not

familiar with.

folk

pop

Step 2 Listening and Matching

1)Tell Ss: we are going to listen to eight kinds of music. Here are the pictures for them. Listen

to them carefully and choose the proper picture for each of them.

2) Guide the Ss to sum up the Characteristics for each music style.

3) Check the answers on the computer screen.

Step 3 Pre-reading

1）Task :Listing

Have you heard about any of the famous bands in the world? List some of them.

Which one do you like best? Why?

2) Presentation

Ask the Ss to search the information about “The Monkees” before class, and now encourage them to share their information with their teammate.

3) Background information and language support

If necessary , the teacher should provide some background information about “The Monkees” , or explain some key words in the reading passage (P 35, Learning about language part 1 may be a good choice. )

Step 4While-reading

1) Task: Jumbles (Fast reading)

(Group work, four Ss) each student in every group is only given a part (one paragraph)of the complete article and read alone. One minute later, they exchange their own information to the other students of the same group. Then they discuss together and decide the order of the story.

2) Listen and Check

Listen to the tape and check the correct order of the article.

Q: What is the best title of the article?

3) Task : Memory Challenge Task (Scanning)

(Students are given the complete pieces of the article—ask them to open their books.)Get them to read the passage in detail and then work in group raising two questions for other group to answer.(books closed)

4) Reading and Matching

Read the passage again very carefully, and join the parts of the sentences together. (P 35, Part 2)More detailed questions:

①Why do most m

usicians like to be in a band with others?

②Which two musical bands are mentioned in the passage?

③How do some bands formed by high school students earn extra money?

④When did the Monkees break up?

5) Brainstorming

Ask the Ss to brainstorm as many suitable adjectives as possible to describe “The Monkees”. Then give the reasons for the choices.

Step 5Post-reading

1) Language Focus

Get the students to sum up the phrases of the article.

Then get the Ss to play a game called “What is your dream?”. Work in pairs and tell each other your dream and what you expect to happen. Use the phrases dream of and be honest with in the sentences.

2) Discussion

Do you think “The Monkees” was really a band? Why and why not?

Step 6Homework

1. Read more about “The Monkees”.

2. Find out some sentences in the reading passage that contain of Whom /in which attributive clauses?

3. Preview “Learning about Language” and finish the relevant exercises.

Period 3 Vocabulary & Grammar

Focus: Grammar

1)To help Ss master the vocabulary about “music”

2)To arouse Ss’ language awareness .

3) To consolidate the Attributive Clauses.

1) The Attributive Clauses with preposition + which/ whom

2) The relevant words about “music”

Step 1 Revision

1) Listening and Recognizing

Ask the Ss to listen to some pieces of music from the computer and write down the style of each piece of music belongs to.

Music 1 : Country Roads by John Denver (country music)

Music 2: Beat itby Michael Jackson (rock music)

Music 3: 步步高（folk music）

Music 4: 老鼠爱大米（pop music）

Music 5: 命运交响曲(classical music)

…

2) Discussion

What kind of music do you like better, Chinese or Western, Classical or modern? Why? How does music make you feel?

3) Check the homework the day before. Step 2Word Power

1) Word Ladder

Complete these sentences. Then write the missing words in the puzzle on the right and find the hidden word. (WB P 70)

2) Word Building

Study the vocabulary list in the appendix and list the words with un-,dis-, -less, -ful, -ment, -ity, -en, -ern, -al , -tion. Tell what part of speech they are. This will you help English words.

3) Recognizing and Listing

Tick （√）the words which are connected with “music”and find out the meanings of those unfamiliar ones.

Add your own to the list ________________________________________________________

4）Discussion and Listing

Which instruments are used in pop and rock music?

Which instruments are used in classical music?

Which instruments are used in jazz?

Which instruments are used in traditional Chinese music?

Which of the instruments do you like listening to?

Is the Chinese instrument different from the other instruments? Describe the difference, if there is Step 3 Grammar

1) Study the Rule

Read these sentences.

a. The musicians of whom the band was formed played jokes on each other…

b. However, after a year or so in which they became more serious about their work…

c. The musicians for whom they worked were very popular.

d. The guitar with which “The Beatles” played their first hit was lost while they were touring. Now answer these questions.

1. If you take away the relative clauses, do the sentences still make sense? Why or why not ?

is there a relative pronoun before the relative clause?

3. Can the preposition be removed from the sentences without changing the meaning?

4. Can that replace which and whom in the sentences? Why or why not?

Look at the sentences carefully and try to think of the questions.

2) Find the rule

Get the Ss to think of the questions above and sum up the grammar rule of preposition + the relative clause.

Teaching aims:

1. 能力目标：

a. Listening: get information and views from the listening material;

b. Speaking: express one’s attitude or views about friends and friendship in appropriate words.

c. Reading: enable the Ss to get the main idea

d. Writing: write some advice about making friend as an editor

2. 知识目标：

a. Talk about friends and friendship; how to make friends; how to maintain friendship

b. Use the following expressions:

I think so. / I don’t think so.

I agree. / I don’t agree.

That’s correct.

Of course not.

Exactly.

I’m afraid not.

c. to enable the Ss to control direct speech and indirect speech

d. vocabulary: upset , calm , concern , loose, Netherlands, German, series,

outdoors, dusk,crazy , purpose , thunder , entire, entirely,power , curtain, dusty, partner, settle, suffer , highway, recover, pack, suitcase, overcoat, teenager, exactly, disagree, grateful, dislike, tip , swap , item

add up calm down have got to e concerned about walk the dog go

through set down a series of on purpose in order to at dusk face to face no longer ot …any longer suffer from gete tired of pack sth. up get along with fall in love join in

3. 情感目标:

a. To arose Ss’ interest in learning English;

b. To encourage Ss to be active in the activities and make Ss to be confident; c. To develop the ability to cooperate with others.

4. 策略目标：

a. To develop Ss’ cognitive strategy: taking notes while listening;

b. To develop Ss’ communicative strategies.

5. 文化目标：to enable the Ss to get to know different opinions about making friends from different countries.

Teaching steps:

Period one

Step1. Warming up

1. Ss listen to an English song AULD LANG SYNE.

2. Brainstorming: let Ss say some words about friendship – honest, friendly, brave,

humorous, funny, wise, kind, open-minded, responsible, helpful….

Step 2. Talk about your old friends

1. Ss talk about their old friends in Junior Middle School, talk about their

appearance, personality, hobbies, etc.

2. Self-introduction

Step 3. Make new friends

1. Ss go around and ask their new friends some information and fill in the following

Step 4. Do a survey

Ss do the survey in the text ,P1

Sep 5. Listening and talking

Do Wb P41 (Talking). While Ss listen to the material, ask them to take notes about the speaker’s views of making friends.

When Ss make their conversation, ask them to try to use the following expressions. I think so. / I don’t think so. I agree. / I don’t agree.

That’s course . I’m afraid not.

Step 6. Discussion

Divide Ss four in one group and each group choose a topic to discuss. There are four topics.

Topic 1: Why do you need friends? Make a list of reasons why friends are important to you.

Topic 2: There is a saying “to have a good friend, you need to be a good friend.” What do you think of the saying and how can you be a good friend?

Topic 3: Does a friend always have to be a person? What else can be your friend? Why? Topic 4: List some qualities of a person who does not make friend easily.

Step 7. Summary

1. Ask Ss themselves to summarize what is friendship and what is the most important in making friends.

2. T shows more information about friendship and a poem about friendship. What is friendship?

I want to find the answer to the question

What is friendship?

When it rains, I think friendship is a small umbrella.

It can give me a piece of clear sky.

When I’m crying, I think friendship is a white handkerchief.

It can wipe my tears dry.

When I am sad, I think friendship is a warm word.

It can bring me happiness again.

When I am in trouble, I think friendship is a strong hand.

It can help me escape my troubles.

When I sit in a quiet place, I think friendship is a very wonderful feeling.

It can’t be pulled and torn, because it is in everyone’s heart.

It is there from the beginning to the end of our lives.

3. Tell Ss: make new friends and keep the old; one is silver and the other is gold. Step 8. Evaluation

1. Look up the new words and expressions in warming up and pre-reading in a dictionary.

2. Write a short passage about your best friend.

Period two

Activity1: Suppose you have to stay indoors to hide yourself for a whole year. You can never go outdoors, otherwise you will be killed. You have no telephone, computer, or TV at home.

How would you feel?

What would you do?

Four students a group discuss with each other for 2 minutes.

Activity2: Play a short part of the movies Step2. Predicting

Students read the title of the passage and observe the pictures and the outline of it to guess:

Who is Anne’s best friend?

What will happen in the passage?

Step3. Skimming

Students skim the passage in 2 minutes to get the main idea :

Who is Anne’s best friend?

When did the story happen?

Step4. Scanning

Students work in pairs to find the information required below:

Anne

in World War Ⅱ

Step5. Intensive reading

Students work in group of four to discuss the following open questions:

did the windows stay closed?

did Anne feel?

do you think of Anne?

the meanings of “spellbound”, “ hold me entirely in their power” from the discourse(语篇,上下文).

sentences attract you in the passage?

Step6. Activity

Four students a group to discuss the situation:

Suppose you four have to hide yourselves for 3 months. During the three months, you will be offered the basic food, water and clothes. Your group can take 5 things with you.

What will you take? Why?

How will you spend the 3 months?

How will you treat each other and make friends ?

the internet to find Anne’s Diary and read some of it. Print out a piece of the diary and write down your feelings after reading it on the page. We will share the pieces and your feelings with the whole class.

、3 、4on Page3

Period three

Step 1. Warming up

Check the Ss’ assignment: task 2

Step 2. Language points:

1. add (v.)

1). To put together with something else so as to increase the number, size, importance, etc.增加，添加

Please add something to what I’ve said, John.

2). To join numbers, amount, etc so as to find the total 相加

Add up these figures for me, please.

add to something: to increase 增加

What he did has added to out difficulties.

add up to: to amount to 加起来等于；总计

The cost added up to 100 million yuan.

2. go through

1). To examine carefully 仔细阅读或研究

I went through the students’ papers last night.

2). To experience 经历，遭受或忍受

You really don’t know what we went through while working on this project.

3. crazy (adj.)

1). mad, foolish 疯狂的.，愚蠢的

It’s crazy to go out in such hot weather.

2). wildly excited; very interested 狂热的，着迷的

She is crazy about dancing.

4. be concerned about/for: be worried about 担心

We’re all concerned about her safety.

Step 3. Learning about language

1. Finish , 2 and 3. on Page 4.

2. Direct speech and indirect speech: Ss do and 2 on Page 5. Then let the Ss themselves discover the structures.

Step 4. Practice

Using structures on Page 42: ask the Ss to use indirect speech to retell the story. Step 5. Assignment

Finish Wb. Ex, 1 and2 on page 41 and 42.

Period four

Step 1. Revision

Check the Ss’ assignment.

Step 2. Reading

Ss read the letter on page 6

Notes:

1. get along with

2. fall in love

Step 3. Listening

Ss should take notes while they are listening.

1. first listening: Ss listen and answer the questions of part 2 on page 6.

2. second listening: Ss listen again and finish part 3 on page 6.

Step 4. Listening

Ss listen to a story about Anne and try to finish Wb. Ex 1 and 2 on page 43 and page 44.

英语毕业设计论文格式模板范文

在Word里面有template的，theses就是了。

呵呵，说真的，这要看学校要求啦！因为学校的有不同的等级之分，所以国家对学校所培养的学生毕业论文的要求也是不一样的！一般来说地方院校的外语系论文是3000字左右，省一级的学校的话要求大概是4000到5000左右，而且论文的要求是大不一样的！所以建议你最好咨询一下系里或学校！

这个没确定性的，因为灭个学校的要求都是不一样的。这个你应该去问问你们老师。一般英语论文最少3000字以上，至于具体是多少字，看你们学校的要求

这么说，你去你们学校图书馆看你们学姐的毕业论文或者直接问导师！

先写一万多点吧，老师肯定帮你改的，这样修修改改，精简一下，刚好。

建议您看看根据我搜集的一些网站来看，建议看看这个，要做毕业论文以及毕业设计的，推荐一个网站 :lw54. ，里面的毕业设计什么的全是优秀的，因为精挑细选的，网上很少有，都是相当不错的毕业论文和毕业设计，对毕业论文的写作有很大的参考价值，希望对你有所帮助。别的相关范文很多的，推荐一些比较好的范文写作网站，希望对你有帮助，这些精选的范文网站，里面有大量的范文，也有各种文章写作方法，注意事项，应该有适合你的，自己动手找一下，可不要照搬啊，参考一下，用自己的语言写出来那才是自己的。如果你不是校园网的话，请在下面的网站找：毕业论文网： :wsdxs. 分类很细栏目很多毕业论文： :lw54. 毕业设计： :. 开题报告： : 实习论文： : 写作指导： :

我会帮你。我有论文范文，范文能够大致反映作者能否运用所学得的根底常识来剖析和处理本学科内某一根本疑问的学术水平缓才干。

本科5000,研究生15000英文

我有一个是英语文学方面的.不知道是不是你想要的.这可是我的得意之作.我就是靠这个论文拿了优秀毕业论文的.如果你满意,一定要把我选为最佳哦,谢谢! 题目是:The *** ysis of Symbolic Images in Tony Morrison's Beloved Thesis statement: The paper intends to *** yze the symbolic images in Tony Morrison's Beloved. I. Introduction introduction of the author brief review of symbolid appraisal brief of the paper Origin of Tony Morrison's Symbolic Images production of the work with other works in symbolic images Categories of Symbolic Images in Beloved figures C. Body marks D. Linguistic application Interpreation with Reference to Symbolic Images A. Memory of the past self-recognition Afro-American traditional culture D. Maternal love contribution to Afro-American literature. influence produced by Symbolic Images and its profound meaning.

英语专业论文格式规范 A Contrastive Study beeen English and Chinese Idioms （题目：二号，黑体，加粗，居中,除了英语小词外，其他单词首字母都要大写；另外：除了题目外，论文中所有英文的字体均采用“Times New Roman”）（学院、专业、学号、作者姓名、指导教师姓名（小四号宋体字，加粗），依次排印在论文题目下，上空二行，居中）【Abstract】 This paper centers on the different expressions of …… （英文摘要：上空二行；题目采用五号“Times New Roman”字体，加粗，置于粗体方括号【】内，顶格放置；随后的内容与前面的粗体方括号【】之间空一格，不用其他任何标点符号；采用五号“Times New Roman”字体，不加粗；单倍行距。）【Key Words】 idiom; parison; English; Chinese （英文关键词：题目采用五号“Times New Roman”字体，加粗，两个单词的首字母要大写，置于粗体方括号【】内，顶格放置；随后的内容与前面的粗体方括号【】之间空一格，不用任何其他标点符号，采用五号“Times New Roman”字体，不加粗，除了专有名词外，其他单词的首字母不大写，各单词之间用分号“；”隔开，分号之后空一格；最后一个关键词之后不用任何标点符号；单倍行距。） 1. Introduction (顶格，除了第一个单词及专有名词外，其他单词首字母都不要大写；标题最后不用任何标点符号，上空两行) In both English and Chinese, …. So, this essay is trying to focus on the differences beeen Chinese and English idoms in terms of their essential meaning, customary usage and typical expression (Chang Liang, 1993:44; Li Guangling, 1999). (段落第一行缩进4个英文字符；夹注的标注法：出现在夹注中的作者必须与文后的参考文献形成一一对应关系；注意一个或多个作者间的标点符号，时间、页码等的标注法；另外，汉语参考文献的作者要以拼音形式出现，不能出现汉语姓氏；夹注出现在标点符号之前) 2. The similarities beeen English idioms and Chinese idioms In English, …. And it can be clearly seen in the below examples: (1) I don’t know。我不知道。 (2) I am not a poet. 我不是诗人。 (正文中的例子以（1），（2）…为序号排列，直至最后一个例子；而①, ②…则为脚注或尾注的上标序号) 3. The differences beeen English idioms and Chinese idioms The characteristics of English idioms （正文章节序号编制：章的编号：1. ，2.， 3.，…；节的编号：…，…；小节的编号为：, …。小节以下层次，采用希腊数字加括号为序，如（i），（ii）…；之后再采用字母加括号，如(a), (b),…;每章题目左顶格，小四号字，加粗；每节（及小节以下）题目左顶格，小四号字，不加粗但要斜体；所有章节的题目都单独一行，最后不加任何标点符号） …. In conclusion, …. The characteristics of Chinese idioms …. Feng (1998) found some problems as shown in the following examples (注意此句中夹注的另一种写法): (9) We never know the worth of water till the well is dry. (10) People take no thought of the value of time until they lose it. …. The *** ysis of the differences beeen English and Chinese idioms … (i) …. …. (ii) …. …. 4. Conclusion …. Bibliography (References) （小四号，加粗，后面不加任何标点符号） Sanved, ed. The Oxford book of American literary anecdotes[C]. New York: OUP, 1981. 一、英语论文的标题一篇较长的英语论文(如英语毕业论文)一般都需要标题页,其书写格式如下:第一行标题与打印纸顶端的距离约为打印纸全长的三分之一,与下行(通常为by,居中)的距离则为5cm,第三、第四行分别为作者姓名及日期(均居中)。如果该篇英语论文是学生针对某门课程而写,则在作者姓名与日期之间还需分别打上教师学衔及其姓名(如:Dr./)及本门课程的编号或名称(如:English 734或British Novel)。打印时,如无特殊要求,每一行均需double space,即隔行打印,行距约为(论文其他部分行距同此)。就学生而言,如果英语论文篇幅较短,亦可不做标题页(及提纲页),而将标题页的内容打在正文第一页的左上方。第一行为作者姓名,与打印纸顶端距离约为,以下各行依次为教师学衔和姓、课程编号(或名称)及日期；各行左边上下对齐,并留出左右的页边空白(下同)。接下来便是论文标题及正文(日期与标题之间及标题与正文第一行之间只需隔行打印,不必留出更多空白)。二、英语论文提纲英语论文提纲页包括论题句及提纲本身,其规范格式如下:先在第一行(与打印纸顶端的距离仍为左右)的始端打上 Thesis 一词及冒号,空一格后再打论题句,回行时左边须与论题句的第一个字母上下对齐。主要纲目以大写罗马数字标出,次要纲目则依次用大写英文字母、 *** 数字和小写英文字母标出。各数字或字母后均为一句点,空出一格后再打该项内容的第一个字母；处于同一等级的纲目,其上下行左边必须对齐。需要注意的是,同等重要的纲目必须是两个以上,即:有Ⅰ应有Ⅱ,有A应有B,以此类推。如果英文论文提纲较长,需两页纸,则第二页须在右上角用小写罗马数字标出页码,即ii(第一页无需标页码)。三、英语论文正文有标题页和提纲页的英语论文,其正文第一页的规范格式为:论文标题居中,其位置距打印纸顶端约5cm,距正文第一行约。段首字母须缩进五格,即从第六格打起。正文第一页不必标页码(但应计算其页数),自第二页起,必须在每页的右上角(即空出第一行,在其后部)打上论文作者的姓,空一格后再用 *** 数字标出页码； *** 数字(或其最后一位)应为该行的最后一个空格。在打印正文时尚需注意标点符号的打印格式,即:句末号(句号、问号及感叹号)后应空两格,其他标点符号后则空一格。四、英语论文的文中引述正确引用作品原文或专家、学者的论述是写好英语论文的重要环节；既要注意引述与论文的有机统一,即其逻辑性,又要注意引述格式（即英语论文参考文献）的规范性。引述别人的观点,可以直接引用,也可以间接引用。无论采用何种方式,论文作者必须注明所引文字的作者和出处。目前美国学术界通行的做法是在引文后以圆括弧形式注明引文作者及出处。现针对文中引述的不同情况,将部分规范格式分述如下。 1.若引文不足三行,则可将引文有机地融合在论文中。如: The divorce of Arnold's personal desire from his inheritance results in “the familiar picture of Victorian man alone in an alien universe”(Roper9). 这里,圆括弧中的Roper为引文作者的姓(不必注出全名)； *** 数字为引文出处的页码(不要写成)；作者姓与页码之间需空一格,但不需任何标点符号；句号应置于第二个圆括弧后。 2.被引述的文字如果超过三行,则应将引文与论文文字分开,如下例所示: Whitman has proved himself an eminent democratic representative and precursor, and his “Democratic Vistas” is an admirable and characteristic diatribe. And if one is sorry that in it Whitman is unable to conceive the extreme crises of society, one is certain that no society would be tolerable whoses citizens could not find refreshment in its buoyant democratic ideali *** .(Chase 165) 这里的格式有两点要加以注意。一是引文各行距英语论文的左边第一个字母十个空格,即应从第十一格打起；二是引文不需加引号,末尾的句号应标在最后一个词后。 3.如需在引文中插注,对某些词语加以解释,则要使用方括号(不可用圆括弧)。如: points out that“he [Charles Darw in] has been an important factor in the debate beeen evolutionary theory and biblical creationi *** ”(9). 值得注意的是,本例中引文作者的姓已出现在引导句中,故圆括弧中只需注明引文出处的页码即可。 4.如果拟引用的文字中有与论文无关的词语需要删除,则需用省略号。如果省略号出现在引文中则用三个点,如出现在引文末,则用四个点,最后一点表示句号,置于第二个圆括弧后(一般说来,应避免在引文开头使用省略号)；点与字母之间,或点与点之间都需空一格。如: Mary Shelley hated tyranny and“looked upon the poor as pathetic victims of the social system and upon the rich and highborn...with undisguised scorn and contempt...(Nitchie 43). 5.若引文出自一部多卷书,除注明作者姓和页码外,还需注明卷号。如: Professor Chen Jia's A History of English Literature aimed to give Chinese readers“a historical survey of English literature from its earliest beginnings down to the 20thcentury”(Chen,1:i). 圆括弧里的1为卷号,小写罗马数字i为页码,说明引文出自第1卷序言(引言、序言、导言等多使用小写的罗马数字标明页码)。此外,书名 A History of English Literature 下划了线；规范的格式是:书名,包括以成书形式出版的作品名(如《失乐园》)均需划线,或用斜体字；其他作品,如诗歌、散文、短篇小说等的标题则以双引号标出,如“To Autumn”及前面出现的“Democratic Vistas”等。 6.如果英语论文中引用了同一作者的两篇或两篇以上的作品,除注明引文作者及页码外,还要注明作品名。如: Bacon condemned Platoas“an obstacle to science”(Farrington, Philosophy 35). Farrington points out that Aristotle's father Niachus, a physician, probably trained his son in medicine(Aristotle 15). 这两个例子分别引用了Farrington的两部著作,故在各自的圆括弧中分别注出所引用的书名,以免混淆。两部作品名均为缩写形式(如书名太长,在圆括弧中加以注明时均需使用缩写形式),其全名分别为 Founder of Scientific Philosophy 及 The Philosophy of Francis Baconand Aristotle。 7.评析诗歌常需引用原诗句,其引用格式如下例所示。 When Beowulf dives upwards through the water and reaches the surface,“The surging waves, great tracts of water, / were all cleansed...”(). 这里,被引用的诗句以斜线号隔开,斜线号与前后字母及标点符号间均需空一格；圆括弧中小写的1是line的缩写；21不必写成1621。如果引用的诗句超过三行,仍需将引用的诗句与论文文字分开(参见第四项第2点内容)。五、英语论文的文献目录论文作者在正文之后必须提供论文中全部引文的详细出版情况,即文献目录页。美国高校一般称此页为 Works Cited, 其格式须注意下列几点: 1.目录页应与正文分开,另页打印,置于正文之后。 2.目录页应视为英语论文的一页,按论文页码的顺序在其右上角标明论文作者的姓和页码；如果条目较多,不止一页,则第一页不必标出作者姓和页码(但必须计算页数),其余各页仍按顺序标明作者姓和页码。标题Works Cited与打印纸顶端的距离约为,与第一条目中第一行的距离仍为；各条目之间及各行之间的距离亦为,不必留出更多空白。 3.各条目内容顺序分别为作者姓、名、作品名、出版社名称、出版地、出版年份及起止页码等；各条目应严格按各作者姓的首字母顺序排列,但不要给各条目编码,也不必将书条与杂志、期刊等条目分列。 4.各条目第一行需顶格打印,回行时均需缩进五格,以将该条目与其他条目区分开来。现将部分较为特殊的条目分列如下,并略加说明,供读者参考。 Two or More Books by the Same Author Brooks, Cleanth. Fundamentals of Good Writing: A Handbook of Modern Rhetoric. NewYork: Harcourt, 1950. ---The Hidden God: Studies in Hemingway, Faulkner, Yeats, Eliot, and Warren. New Haven: Yale UP,1963. 引用同一作者的多部著作,只需在第一条目中注明该作者姓名,余下各条目则以三条连字符及一句点代替该作者姓名；各条目须按书名的第一个词(冠词除外)的字母顺序排列。 An Author with an Editor Shake speare, William. The Tragedy of Macbeth. Ed. Louis B. Wright. New York: Washington Square, 1959. 本条目将作者 Shakespeare 的姓名排在前面,而将编者姓名(不颠倒)放在后面,表明引文出自 The Tragedy of Macbeth；如果引文出自编者写的序言、导言等,则需将编者姓名置前,如: Blackmur, Richard . The Art of the Novel: Critical Prefaces. By Henry James. New York: Scribner's, . 如果引言与著作为同一人所写,则其格式如下例所示(By后只需注明作者姓即可): Emery, Donald. Preface. English Fundamentals. By Emery. London: Macmillan, . A Multivolume Work Browne, Thomas. The Works of Sir Thomas Browne. Ed. Geoffrey Keynes. 4 vols. London: Faber, 1928. Browne, Thomas. The Works of Sir Thomas Browne. Ed. Geoffrey Keynes. . London: Faber, 1928. 4 vols. 第一条目表明该著作共4卷,而论文作者使用了各卷内容；第二条目则表明论文作者只使用了第2卷中的内容。 A Selection from an Anthology Abram, M. H.“English Romantici *** : The Spirit of the Age.” Romantici *** Reconsidered. Ed. Northrop Frye. New York: Columbia UP,. 被引用的英语论文名须用引号标出,并注意将英语论文名后的句点置于引号内。条目末尾必须注明该文在选集中的起止页码。 Articles in Journals, Magazines, and Newspapers Otto, Mary L.“Child Abuse: Group Treatment for Parents.” Personnel and Guidance Journal 62(1984): 336-48

我是福建师范大学协和学院英语专业的大三学生，想选择福建师范大学的美术学...复试主要方式：1.专业素质和能力：专业写生（书法篆刻研究方向为不少于3000字...

英语专业毕业论文其实格式和一般其它专业差不多，具体论文格式要以你学校提供的毕业论文模板为准，因为每个学校的论文格式多多少少都是不一样的，如果找不到合适的格式，可以百度下：普刊学术中心，也提供有很多论文格式模板和范文，可以多学习下

英语专业毕业论文标准格式模板免费下载英语专业毕业论文范文的方法英语专业毕业论文不限量免费下载的方法中国知网免费入口不限量免费下载英语专业毕业论文的方法英语专业毕业论文职称论文范文的不限量免费下载方法参考文献的标准格式的免费不限量下载方法【超实用】