广告语言翻译论文

英语广告的语言论文参考文献参考文献 [1] English TV Ads Collection[M].Nanchang: Hong Xing Electric Sound Press,1998. [2] Hu Zhuanglin,Linguistics. A Course Book[M].Beijing: Beijing University Press,2001. [3] Wang Shouyuan. Essentials of English Stylistics[M].Jinan: Shandong University Press,2000. [4] 杨志松.一句话打动你我[M].昆明:云南大学出版社,1993. [5] 肖颖.浅析英语广告的语言特点、修辞手法以及对广告英译的启示[J].吉林省学院学报,2010(5). [6] 卞瑞晨.广告英语中的押韵修辞及其翻译对策[J].山西财经大学学报,2006(2).请继续阅读相关推荐：毕业论文应届生求职毕业论文范文查看下载查看的论文开题报告查阅参考论文提纲查阅更多的毕业论文致谢

美可以天生,但气质却是后天的修炼! 简单说,我认为一个人的气质是指一个人内在涵养或修养的外在体现.气质是内在的不...自己在性格和外表方面,对别人具有更大的吸引力.那么,怎样才能修炼出良好的气质呢?懂得如何去发挥自己的优点及克服...

不知道这里生产商利用其商标WEAR-EVER一词多义的特点，大力推销其产品：一方面WEAR-EVER为其品牌名称，另一方面该词又另有含义：既为wear forever（体现产品结实耐用），又为wherever（说明到处受人欢迎）。该广告从多角度推销其产品，能够激起顾客的购买欲望，具有一定的劝说作用

谈跨文化背景下商业广告翻译赏析【论文关键词】跨文化广告翻译【论文摘要】在经济发展日趋一体化的当今社会，广告作为一种传播信息的方式，加强了东西方文化的交流。本文通过剖析那些跨文化背景下具有典型性的广告翻译个案，对其进行了赏析，从而加深英语学习者对商业广告翻译的认识和了解。引言 “跨文化交际”即“cross-cultural communication（或inter-cultural communication）”。它指本族语者与非本族语者之间的交际，也指任何在语言和文化背景方面有差异的人们之间的交际。在世界经济日益发达的今天，广告作为一种传播信息的方式，既是两种语言间的交流，又是两种文化间的交流。因此，英语广告翻译的准确性、优美性，对于增强广告的效力十分重要。广告英语翻译实质上是一种跨文化交际活动，广告英语翻译是融语言翻译和文化翻译为一体的。因此在广告翻译中应对译入语的不同民族语言文化、心理文化、文化观念及文化审美予以足够的重视，从而使译文保持原广告的宣传效果。本文拟通过剖析那些跨文化背景下具有典型性的翻译广告个案，对其进行赏析，从而加深英语学习者对商业广告翻译的认识和了解。一、英语双关语在广告翻译中的应用双关语最早是在民间流传的趣味性文字游戏，在《朗文当代英语词典》和《韦氏新世界词典》当中对双关语的释文都不约而同的用到了“play on word”的字眼，即“文字游戏”.英语双关语是一种表现力极强的修辞手段，因而在广告中得到了广泛的应用。例如： “in”idea in business travel-Hilton Inns. 译文：宾至如归-希尔顿旅馆。这是希尔顿旅馆的广告，“in”表示“最时尚，最潮流的”与“inn”谐音，告诉消费者来希尔顿旅馆是最时尚的选择，另外其隐含的意思“宾至如归”表达出假如你身在旅馆的话，一定会让你感受到旅馆贴心的服务，让你感觉到舒适就像在自己家里一样。同时又点出了希尔顿旅馆的名字，达到广告宣传的作用。 ahead. 译文：成功之路，从头开始。宝洁公司飘柔洗发水经典广告语，双关语的使用增强了广告的说服力和感染力，从而给消费者留下深刻的印象。译文洗练而内涵丰富，完美的诠释了原文。 inside.（Intel Pentium）译文：给电脑一颗奔腾的“芯”。（英特尔，奔腾） Apple thinks different. 译文：苹果电脑，不同凡“想”。（苹果电脑）以上两则广告均与计算机有关，而且原文中均无双关语。译者巧妙地利用了汉语的双关，“芯”与“心”，“想”与“响”谐音双关，两则广告语言机智，富于文字情趣，使商品连同广告词一起印在读者了的记忆里。二、典故在广告翻译中的应用 1.希腊罗马神话那种“神人同形同性”的特征，深深地影响着西方人的.文化生活。许多希腊神话故事经过千百年的流传，早已融入人们的日常生活和词汇中，成为人们普遍使用的具有特殊意义的语言。在英语的广告中，就常可见到利用希腊、罗马神话典故中的人名或喻意，以满足英美人崇尚神话中英雄和神灵的文化心态的实例。例如：美国的耐克（Nike），就是借用希腊神话中胜利女神的名字Nike，达芙妮（Daphne）品牌的鞋借用希腊神话中风姿绰约、艳丽非凡的月桂女神的形象。 2.《圣经》中包含着丰富的文化典故、警世喻理，不了解《圣经》，就很难实现英文广告的商业价值。，《圣经》的语言在英语形成过程中也占有一席重要之地，今日英语中使用的词汇，有许多来自《圣经》，至于说《圣经》中的典故变成习语进入英语语汇的例子，更是比比皆是。例如：州农场保险公司所做的广告Like a good neighbor，State Farm is there（State Farm Insurance），便是借用《圣经·马太福音》第22章37-40节中“Love thy neighbor as thyself”（爱邻如己）的训导，于是可译为：州农场保险公司，亲如近邻。这样就把州农场保险公司可以随时为客户服务的宗旨表现得一览无遗，亲切之情，溢于言表。三、仿拟修辞格在广告翻译中的运用仿拟是根据交际需要，模仿人们耳熟能详的词语、句子、篇章等而临时创造出新的词语、句子和篇章等一种常见的修辞手段。许多外国广告商，在向我国进行广告宣传时，挖空心思地调查研究中国消费者的心理特征和文化内涵，创造出既能塑造产品形象，又能为中国消费群喜闻乐见的广告词来打动人心。其中很多广告仿拟中国古往今来的名诗佳句，在中国消费者心中产生共鸣。例如： know Eggsactly how to sell eggs. 这是一则售蛋广告。“Eggsactly”乃“exactly”的谐音拼写变异，与后边的“egg”遥相呼应，在语义上也相互映衬。这种别出心裁的构词游戏给消费者留下深刻的印象。 who lasts last laughs best. 这是英国一则轮胎广告，意思是“谁跑在最后，谁笑得最好”。英语中有一句谚语诫其汉语译文是“谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好”。该广告就是仿拟这句谚语而得，将”laughs”改为“lasts”。动词last的意思是to remain of use，of good condition，与同音同形的副词一道使用，突出了该轮胎坚固耐磨的上乘品质。四、文化背景知识在广告翻译中的应用 1.汉语中，“雅”、“柔”、“娇”、“碧”、“丝”、“娜”、“莲”、“露”和“梦等词都暗含有“温柔”、“舒适”、“美丽”等语用意义，常与女性相联系，因而一些女性化妆品牌汉译名就利用这些词内含的语用意义，取得广告效应。如“Avon”译为“雅芳”，“Arche”译为“雅倩”，“Hazelive”译为“夏士莲”等。虽然这些化妆品的译名偏离了原文语义意义，但在中国广受女士们的欢迎，取得了很好的广告效果。 2.龙，在汉民族文化中不仅是美的，而是一种图腾，成为中华民族的象征，历来被视为权利、力量、吉祥的象征。然而在英语文化中，龙却是恐怖的怪物，不具任何美感，谈“龙”色变。“亚洲四小龙”在英美报刊上因此被变通译为“亚洲四小虎”，东风“雪铁龙”被译为Citron。五、结语文化的不同会造成价值观念、象征意义上的差异，反应在广告语的翻译实践活动中时，就是要求译文以符合目的地的话语文化为基础，以富有想象力和创造力的表现手法使商品在新市场上更具竞争力，而文字翻译与文化翻译正是实现该目标的有用策略。中西方的文化差异是客观存在的，我们应着力于在中西方文化中找到一个契合点，两种文化相互交融，从而促进商标和广告语的翻译语言深入消费者人心，激发其美好想象和购买欲望，更好地步入中西商务交流和文化交流的亮丽路径。参考文献 [1]刘海瑛.广告翻译中应注意不同的文化因素[J].成都信息工程学院学报,2004,19. [2]陈宏薇.新实用汉译英教程[M].武汉:湖北教育出版社,1996. [3]崔刚.广告英语[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1993. 请继续阅读相关推荐：毕业论文应届生求职毕业论文范文查看下载查看的论文开题报告查阅参考论文提纲查阅更多的毕业论文致谢相关毕业论文格式查阅更多论文答辩 ;

英语广告语翻译论文开题报告

英语专业翻译方向论文开题报告范文

以下是由我整理的.英语专业翻译方向论文的开题报告范文，供大家参考!

How to Deal with Ellipsis in English-Chinese Translation

I. Purpose and Significance

With the development of globalization, the world’s political, economic and cultural communications are becoming increasingly frequent. Therefore, the role of translation cannot be ignored. However, the differences between English and Chinese cultures that are reflected in the two languages pose considerable difficulty.

It is acknowledged that when doing translation one can not translate word for word, or sentence by sentence. Therefore, we must use some translation strategies such as amplification, ellipsis, conversion and so on. Ellipsis as one of the basic translation methods plays an essential role in English-Chinese rendition. Translators apply it in order to make their versions more coherent and understandable.

According to the Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary, ellipsis means leaving out a word or words from a sentence deliberately, when the meaning can be understood without them. Ellipsis in translation does not mean cutting some content from the original articles. What could be omitted are words that are useless in translated works or else they will make the versions redundant or disobey the manner of expression in another language.

Some words and phrases are useless in Chinese but necessary in English. Articles in English are the most significant phenomenon from this aspect. They are very important in English, but we can hardly see any reflection of this part in Chinese. Ellipsis is designed on the basis of faithfulness to the original text, making it more fluent, smooth, concise, thus conforming to idiomatic Chinese. The paper will explore ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from five aspects, which are ellipses of pronouns, conjunctions, articles, prepositions, modifications, so as to achieve smoother and clearer communications among China and English-speaking countries.

II. Literature Review

Long before, some people began to learn other countries’ languages to understand others cultures. In China, Xuanzang was the first translator who not only translated the Sanskrit sutras into Chinese, but introduced the first Chinese writings to foreign countries, making foreigners understand China’s ancient culture. Meanwhile, he was the first to translate Lao Tse's works into Sanskrit. Indian scholars had a high opinion of Xuanzang, "In China, there is no such great translator, and also in the human cultural history, we can only say that Xuanzang is the first great translator."(Ye Lang, 2008) We can say that it was Xuanzang who motivated people to know the different parts of the world, their cultures and the peoples who live there. Then, some big countries such as America, China, and so on became a melting pot.(Gu Zhengkun, 2000) People have imperceptibly spent thousands of years in knowing each other.

With China’s entry into WTO and its open-up policy, cross-cultural exchanges are increasingly frequent between this country and others. A lot of foreign tourists come to visit China. While traveling, these foreigners are not satisfied with the translations of the scenic spots. Sometimes, they even feel confused. A lot of problems exist in the translation, such as misuse of words, poor expression of meaning and so on. All of these poor translations do harm to our country’s international image, and cause a lot of inconveniences for the foreign visitors. (Ma Zuyi, 2000). I am fond of tourism and being a free tourist like the others who are good at enjoying their wonderful lives. The love of tourism makes me feel the need to improve the translation. But every time when I have a trip, many unsuitable translations of the names of those scenic spots will embarrass me. Tourism is part of intercultural communication, so proper translation of the scenic spots become more and more important to our country.

Communication plays a significant role in the globalized society. In order to know each other better, people from all over the world have tried a verity of ways. Of course, translation is one of them. All translators have done their best to make the translated works more consistent with the needs of people.(Gu Jinming, 1997) From my perspective, they really have done a great job. And I want to retrospect the cause of their development. After a thorough evaluation, I choose a branch of translation—ellipsis in translation from English to Chinese, then I did the following jobs.

I put all my researches and other stuffs together, and then I found that it is a common case in English and Chinese which draws much academic interest. In 1976, Halliday and Hsan classified ellipsis into nominal, verbal and clausal ellipsis. This classification exerts great influence in academic circle. Thereafter, ellipsis in Chinese and English has been studied according to this theory, which is based on different layers of structure. This kind of study underlines differentiations and similarities of ellipsis in Chinese and English.

Another famous theory to explain ellipsis is Economy Principle. Economy Principle was put forward by Chomsky (1991,1993, and 1995) in his Generate Crammer. It maintains that language and linguistic study follow Economy Principle, which means using the least effort to express the most information. This principle just coincides with ellipsis in function.

In this thesis, I think that brevity is the most obvious and common function of ellipsis, especially in daily language. And in both English and Chinese, people advocate brevity. Shakespeare once remarked, “brevity is the soul of wit”, and in Chinese there are numerous idioms like “yan jian yi gai” (meaning compendious). However, apart from the function of brevity, ellipsis embodies other functions which are also pretty common in the two languages but less noticed.(Hua Xianfa,2002)These functions distribute in both English and Chinese unevenly and represent great colorfulness of language. Exploring other functions of ellipsis and searching for functional recreation in translation will be of much benefit to both English to Chinese and Chinese to English translation.

I found that when Chinese authors try to analyse ellipsis in English to Chinese translation, they always initially put articles in the list. They consider that it is a common phenomenon that Chinese always leave out personal articles. While it is obviously different in English that almost every sentence has a subject, we can see articles fluently. That is because when we translate from English to Chinese, personal articles can be omitted, even though sometimes it may appear once, it can also be omitted if necessary. Furthermore, if the objects can be seen obviously, personal articles should also be omitted. However, it never happens in English. From this point, it is not only allowable but also necessary when we translate personal articles which are objects in sentences into Chinese.

In my point of view, the development of society has in some way has deliberately promoted the way of people’s thinking, translation system has become more and more perfect, people from all over the world have enjoyed the convenience. However, we can not neglect that there are still some problems in this field in China, and we have less influential Chinese translators in the world. Therefore, we still have a long way to go in translation.

III. Feasibility Analysis

This academic paper is a feasible project and the reasons are as follows:

have great interests in the way of English-Chinese translation.

have already studied translation methods and have been familiar with the functions and applications of ellipsis .

have collected enough references both Chinese and Western on ellipsis in

translation and do a scrupulous study of the relationship between them.

have a carefully planned schedule and have worked out a detailed outline of this thesis.

have acquainted myself with the correct format, a clear and complete structure required by the academic paper, and my adequate English competence will enable me to write in fluent and precise English.

instructor is a qualified translator who is familiar with the subject I havechosen.

IV. Problems of the research and solutions

1. Problems

Despite the references I have collected and read, a thorough study of ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from the point of freely using still needs far more. What’s more, owing to the limited ways of getting references in Xinjiang, I will have to make full use of my present resources. Also, this is the first time I have ever written such a serious academic paper. I am therefore a learner and lack the needed training and experience.

2. Solutions

(1) I shall make full use of my already acquired references which come from books, magazines and the Internet as well.

(2) I shall value my own original thoughts and mainly rely on detailed analysis that I have read from the books which have closely idea with my purpose.

(3) When I have difficulties in the writing process, I shall consult my instructor and seek for help.

V. Necessary conditions

1. Our university and school of foreign languages have provided the basic study and research conditions and facilities, including books and journals in the library and reading rooms.

2. The Internet is another source of information and on the campus we have easy access to the Internet.

3. I have been assigned an instructor to guide me through the whole process of planning and writing.

VI. Outline

I. Introduction

A. A Brief Introduction of Ellipsis in Translation

B. What Should We Pay Attention to When Dealing with Ellipsis

C. The Reason Why Ellipsis Is So Widely Used in Translation

1. Chinese Expressions Are Much Briefer Than That of English

2. English Grammar Is Wee-Knit and Complete in Sentence Structure

II. The Principles of Ellipsis

A. Omitted Words Must Be Useless And Unnecessary in the Translated Works

B. The Meaning of the Omitted Words Is Implied in the Test

C. Omitted Words Which Are Self-Evident

Ш. The Functions and Applications of Ellipsis

A. The Coherence of the Meaning of Expression

B. The Coincidence of the Manner of Expression

1. Ellipsis of Articles

a. Ellipsis of Definite Articles

b. Ellipsis of Indefinite Articles

2. Ellipsis of Prepositions

3. Ellipsis of Pronouns

a. Ellipsis of Personal and Impersonal Pronouns

b. Ellipsis of Indefinite Pronouns

c. Ellipsis of Relative Pronouns

4. Ellipsis of Conjunctions

a. Ellipsis of Coordinating Conjunctions

b. Ellipsis of Subordinate Conjunctions

5. Ellipsis of Rhetoric

a. Ellipsis of Repeated Words

b. Ellipsis of Synonyms

开题报告是我们在完成文献调研后写成的关于学位论文选题与如何实施的论述性报告。下文是我为大家整理的关于商务英语毕业论文的开题报告的范文，欢迎大家阅读参考!

以英语广告语为例

一、课题背景

当今广告已成为我们生活不可或缺的一部分。我们对于中文广告词或许很了解，但用英文说出广告词却有些难度，同样让你看着英文广告词说中文广告词也是有难度的。本文针对这些问题，从词汇、句法、修辞三方面介绍了广告英语的语言特点，使读者对英语广告的中文含义有更好的、更深的了解;并通过实例分析介绍了广告英语翻译的方法和策略，使读者在了解广告词的同时，能够自己翻译广告词的意思。

二、毕业设计方案或毕业论文研究方案

本文以英语广告语为对象，从而总结出广告语的创新与否对人们的影响以及广告的重要性。在这个研究目标的指向下，本文采取了理论与文本分析相结合的方法，在进行文献分析总结代写硕士论文前人研究经验的基础上，对各类创意广告语的使用技巧进行详细的文本分析。

目前我已收集了大量的相关信息，以及查阅了很多关于广告英语的资料，所以论文的大致思路已定，提纲如下：

浅论广告英语语言特点及翻译策略

1 英语广告的语言特点

英语广告的词汇特点

使用形容词的比较级和最高级

使用简单动词和口语词汇

使用错别字和杜撰新词

英语的句法特征

使用短语代替整句

使用简单句和省略句

使用祈使句

使用第一、第二人称

英语广告的修辞特征

比喻

排比

拟人

对比

仿拟

押韵

2 英语广告的翻译策略

英语广告的翻译方法

直译

意译

套译

再创型翻译

英语广告的翻译原则

功能定位翻译

语言审美性翻译

文化矫正性翻译

三、毕业设计(论文)预期成果及创新

本文的预期成果是通过分析资料信息，研究广告英语语言特点及翻译策略，以推进大学生对广告英语的认知及翻译能力。从词汇、句法及修辞三方面介绍英语广告的语言特征，并通过实例分析介绍了英语广告翻译的技巧、策略与原则。透彻地了解广告产品和广告语篇的内容及其艺术形式，遵循英汉两种不同语言的特点和表达习惯。

创新点：探索和研究了广告英语语言特点及其对大学生翻译英语广告的影响。

一、选题的背景与意义：

(一)课题研究来源

在考研过程中遇到类型相关的题目，本人很感兴趣，于是确定选择该题。

(二)课题研究的目的

本文通过对《呼啸山庄》中象征主义，来叙述《呼啸山庄》中文明与自然的冲突。

(三)课题研究的意义

艾米莉·勃朗特是英国维多利亚时期着名小说家和作家，是着名的勃朗特姐妹之一，也是三姐妹中最具天赋的一个。她一生只写了一部小说《呼啸山庄》，但是这部伟大的作品却使她扬名于世。通过《呼啸山庄》，艾米莉·勃朗特以维多利亚时代为背景，通过写两个截然不同的家族，三代人之间的爱恨情仇，充分表现了维多利亚时期文明和自然之间的冲突以及怎样反映了艾米莉·勃朗特对自然的偏爱。小说中自然和文明冲突不断，艾米莉·勃朗特在小说中多次运用对比和象征来表现此冲突，例如，呼啸山庄和画眉山庄的冲突，凯瑟琳两种不同的爱情观的冲突。这种冲突正是基于艾米莉·勃朗特对自然异于常人的热爱和当时现代文明盛行的背景。英国文学史上着名的三姐妹从小生活在荒原上，自然在她们心中是神圣之物，这点很像新英格兰超验主义的观点。并且英国浪漫主义时期沃兹沃斯和柯律利治等着名诗人影响，自然，情感和哥特式元素在艾米莉·勃朗特的作品中都发挥着举足轻重的作用。而且，艾米莉·勃朗特生活在物欲横流的维多利亚时代，当时的人们以自然之情为基础的生活受到现代文明的激烈冲击。作为维多利亚时代批判现实主义的代表人物，艾米莉·勃朗特看到了现代文明带来的种种罪恶，内心更加执着于对自然的喜爱。因此，要想真正读懂这部伟大的着作，就必须要了解小说中艾米莉·勃朗特对自然和文明的观点。只有了解艾米莉·勃朗特对自然和文明的态度，才能真正明白在这爱恨情仇下有着更深刻的寓意-人类生活应该顺应自然和本性。通过《呼啸山庄》中自然和文明的从图矛盾，由此来叙述《呼啸山庄》中回归自然的观点。

二、国内外研究现状：

(一)国内研究现状

1.陈茂林从艾米莉·勃朗特所受的自然的影响来分析，他的《回归自然返璞归真--<呼啸山庄>的生态批评》认为《呼啸山庄》是一部自然颂歌。小说中自然有着独特的作用，它使人精神放松，包容所有人，它似乎是一个有血有肉的灵魂，分享着人的痛苦和换了。作品表达了作者对自然的深深热爱，同时也反映了自然和文明的冲突和矛盾。叶利荣则在其《追寻自我的历程--<呼啸山庄>主题探析》一文中提出：艾米莉·勃朗特在小说中塑造的两个富于激情和叛逆的人物形象--希斯克里夫和凯瑟琳，展示了他们在迷失之后寻找自我回归的艰难历程表现了处于自我冲突中的人的内心世界。他们充满抗争的一生是生命个体追寻自我历程的真实写照。

2. 王宏洁则在《自然与文明的冲击》中认为，自然和文明的冲突矛盾也就是《呼啸山庄》中的其中一个重要主题。自然，要求人们生活需要顺从内心情感和自然本性，得到自然错给予的舒适和自得。而文明，则是不同于自然的一种新的生活方式，要求人们生活遵从道德和理智。文明由此带来了物欲横流的社会以及追逐自身利益的人类，因此纯净自然之人被文明所污染。而自然不会随着文明的出现和进步消失，自然会一直存在。所以自文明诞生开始，文明和自然的冲突就不断。

(二) 国外研究现状

1.英国着名女作家弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫在一九一六年就写过《〈简爱〉与〈呼啸山庄〉》一文。她写道：“当夏洛蒂写作时，她以雄辩、光彩和热情说我爱,我恨,我受苦.她的经验，虽然比较强烈，却是和我们自己的经验都在同一水平上。但是在《呼啸山庄》中没有我,没有家庭女教师，没有东家。有爱，却不是男女之爱。艾米莉被某些比较普遍的观念所激励，促使她创作的冲动并不是她自己的受苦或她自身受损害。她朝着一个四分五裂的世界望去，而感到她本身有力量在一本书中把它拼凑起来。那种雄心壮志可以在全部小说中感觉得到--一种部分虽受到挫折，但却具有宏伟信念的挣扎，通过她的人物的口中说出的不仅仅是我爱或我恨,却是我们，全人类和你们，永存的势力……这句话没有说完。”

2.英国进步评论家阿诺·凯特尔(Arnold Kettle)在《英国小说引论》一书中第三部分论及十九世纪的小说时，他总结说：“《呼啸山庄》以艺术的想象形式表达了十九世纪资本主义社会中的人的精神上的压迫、紧张与矛盾冲突。这是一部毫无理想主义、毫无虚假的安慰，也没有任何暗示说操纵他们的命运的力量非人类本身的斗争和行动所能及。对自然，荒野与暴风雨，星辰与季节的有力召唤是启示生活本身真正的运动的一个重要部分。《呼啸山庄》中的男男女女不是大自然的囚徒，他们生活在这个世界里，而且努力去改变它，有时顺利，却总是痛苦的，几乎不断遇到困难，不断犯错误。”

三、课题研究内容及创新

(一)课题研究内容

艾米莉·勃朗特在《呼啸山庄》中多次运用象征主义，例如，呼啸山庄和西斯科拉里夫与儿时的凯瑟琳代表自然，他们崇尚自由，顺应自然和暴风雨似的生活原则而与呼啸山庄对立存在的画眉山庄以及林顿家庭则代表文明，他们彬彬有礼，服从一切社会原则。自然和文明表面风平浪静一直到西斯克里夫和凯瑟琳偶然闯进画眉山庄，于是冲突不断。凯瑟琳的自然之情开始受到文明的真正挑战，她开始背叛自己的内心情感，越来越像淑女，最终她舍弃对西斯克里夫的真爱嫁给埃德加·林顿，表面上文明占取了绝对优势。但是婚后的凯瑟琳被内心的自然之情折磨致死。而西斯克里夫也因为凯瑟琳的背叛自然性扭曲到极端，他变成了复仇的恶魔。文明的侵犯使人性扭曲，约束人的真实自然之情，造成了悲剧。尽管文明带来了进步，但是文明却扼杀了人性。最终，艾米莉·勃朗特让西斯克里夫在死前打开阻碍之窗-文明，让两人的游魂在荒野间游荡。种种表明艾米莉·勃朗特对两人爱情的同情以及要求人顺应人性，重返自然的思想。本选题拟从三个部分加以阐述：

1. 自然和文明的定义

2. 自然和文明的较量： a.自然和文明的象征：呼啸山庄和画眉山庄;西斯克里夫和林顿及其哈的顿 b.自然和文明的斗争：凯瑟琳的爱情选择和西斯克里夫的疯狂报复导致人性的扭曲

3. 结论人应该顺从自然，归顺自然。文明的侵犯使人性扭曲以及给人带来毁灭性的灾害。

(二)课题研究创新

本文主要通过对《呼啸山庄》中象征主义的运用，来解析自然和文明的冲突。艾米莉·勃朗特不仅塑造两个截然不同的庄园，分别代表自然和文明，还赋予住在两个山庄中类似他们山庄的性格，通过他们的对比以及他们交织时所产生的矛盾分歧来说明自认和文明之间的对抗。

四、课题的研究方法：

本选题拟采用多种研究手法，然后再结合定性分析研究法、综合查找法、归纳法、翻译法、文献综述法、文献检索法等多种研究方法加以详述。主要包括： 1、定性分析法：根据主观的判断和分析能力，推断出事物的性质和发展趋势的分析方法。 2、归纳法：通过许多个别的事例或分论点，然后归纳出它们所共有的特性，得出一般性的结论。 3、文献法：即历史文献法，就是搜集和分析研究各种现存的有关文献资料，从中选取信息，以达到某种调查研究目的的方法。 4、文献综述法：即针对某个研究主题，对与之相关的各种文献资料进行收集整理，对所负载的知识信息进行归纳鉴别，清理与分析，并对所研究的问题在一定时期内已取得的研究状况，取得的成果，存在的问题以及发展的趋势进行系统而全面的叙述，评论，建构与阐述。其中，确定一个研究主题，收集整理专题文献，阅读与挖掘文献内容，清理与记述专题研究状况，建构与阐明专题研究发展趋势。

五、研究计划及预期成果

(一)研究计划

4月15日-4月18日：指定论文指导教师，学生选定题目; 4月19日-4月25日：完成任务书部分和开题报告; 4月26日-5月12日：完成论文第一稿; 5月13日-5月22日：完成并上交论文第二稿; 5月23日-5月31日完成论文三稿(5月31日上午11点之前上交，以便答辩老师阅读)，指导教师分组阅读论文，师生做好答辩准备; 6月1日-6月9日：论文答辩(答辩后，学生对教师提出的意见要及时修改，以便装订论文终稿)。 6月10日-6月12日：二次答辩及论文装订、成绩评定。

(二)预期成果

按照规定的时间和进度提交一份具有一定的理论或应用价值的，字数在5000英文单词左右、英美文学方向的的学术论文。

六、参考文献：

[1] Bronte Emily. Wuthering Heights [M].Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, Oxford University Press, 1999.

[2] Cecil, Victorian Novelists: Essays in Revaluation. . 1934

[3] 艾米莉·勃朗特(Emily Bronte)着，方平译。呼啸山庄[M]. 上海译文出版社， 2001

[4] 夏洛蒂·勃朗特(Charlotte Bronte)着，宋兆霖译。勃朗特两姐妹全集[M]. 河北教育出版社， 1996

[5] 陈茂林。 --回归自然返璞归真《呼啸山庄》的生态批评 [J]. 外语教学。 2007(01)：69-73

[6] 栗华。 “野孩子”的爱与恨--对《呼啸山庄》意象和主题的一种阐释[J]. 北方论丛。 2001(6)：80-83

[7] 裴双。 --人类应有的前行姿态论《呼啸山庄》对野性与文明的取舍 [J]. 绍兴文理学院学报(哲学社会科学版)。 2007(04)：80-85

[8] 邵旭东。何以写出《呼啸山庄》?--也谈艾米丽·勃朗特创作源泉问题[J]. 外国文学研究。1996(04)：77-81

七、指导教师评语：

广告翻译英语毕业论文

我的论文也是写这个的。。不给，留着自己用

英语广告中双关语的运用技巧及翻译摘要：双关语是英语广告中一种较为常见的修辞手段。双关语的翻译本身就是一个难点，而广告中双关语的翻译则更加复杂。本文从语音双关、语义双关、语法双关和成语、俗语双关等几方面对双关语的运用技巧作了阐述。并在考虑双关语的双重含义及广告语体风格的基础上，从契合译法、分别表义法、套译法、侧重译法和补偿译法等方面对英语广告双关语的翻译作了初步的探讨。关键词：广告语言；双关语；翻译 Punning and the Translation of Puns in English Advertisements MENG Lin & ZHAN Jing-hui (Foreign Languages Dept., Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China) Abstract: Punning is one of the most common rhetorical devices used in advertisement. This paper is about the techniques of punning and the translation of puns in English advertisements. There are various ways to form puns in advertisements. The translation of puns is difficult because of the double meanings, and the translation of puns in advertisements is even more difficult because one must keep both the double meanings of a pun and the style of the advertisement in mind. Key words: advertising language; pun; translation 1. 双关语在广告中的运用作为一种修辞手段，双关语在广告中比较常用，它存在于语音、词汇、句法等各个语言层面。在广告中，广告制作者为了增加广告的吸引力，挖空心思地追求新的创意，使得双关语在广告中的运用技巧更加纷繁复杂。巧妙的双关能使语言含蓄、幽默、生动、给人以回味和想象的余地。较为常见的有以下几个方面。 . 谐音双关 “谐音双关是用拼写相似，发音相同或相近的词构成的” 1 。广告制作者非常乐于使用谐音双关，因为此类双关具有风趣、幽默、俏皮、滑稽的语言风格，能增强广告的说服力和感染力，从而给消费者留下深刻的印象。 (1) More sun and air for your son and heir. 2 译文：这里有充足的阳光，清新的空气，一切为了您的子孙后代。在这则海滨浴场的宣传广告中，制作者巧妙地运用了sun-son, air-heir这两对谐音字，使广告语言不仅和谐悦耳，读来朗朗上口，而且颇风趣、幽默，具有感召力。 (2)Trust us. Over 5000 ears of experience. 3 译文：相信我们吧。历经5000多只耳朵的检验，有着5000多年的经验。这是一则助听器推销广告。从字面看，它说明了该产品已经接受了众多消费者的考验，但字里行间巧妙地嵌入一对谐音字ears-years，充分暗示了该产品悠久的历史，久经考验的上乘质量。许多广告都在商品品牌的名称上做文章。品牌名称中的双关语不仅能增加广告的趣味性和幽默感，更重要的是使品牌名称更能吸引人们的注意力，便于记忆，增加宣传攻势力度，以此达到宣传产品的目的。品牌名称中的双关语大多采用谐音的方法。 (3) WEAR-EVER introduces a new concept in glass oven ware: CLEANABILITY. 4 译文：“恒久”玻璃炉具带给你一个全新的概念：洁净。这里生产商利用其商标WEAR-EVER一词多义的特点，大力推销其产品：一方面WEAR-EVER为其品牌名称，另一方面该词又另有含义：既为wear forever（体现产品结实耐用），又为wherever（说明到处受人欢迎）。该广告从多角度推销其产品，能够激起顾客的购买欲望，具有一定的劝说作用。

Cultural Differences and Advertisement TranslationAbstract At present, with the rapid pace of economy’s development, advertising tends to be a main way to, so it is natural that international Ads translation becomes decisive for the products’ successful launching to the world market. Advertisements’ translation is a cross-cultural communication. Cultural differences determine that it would be far from easy for Ad to reach its function for the world market. The cultural connotation reflected in translation must win receptors’ acceptance. Just like the idiom says “when in Rome do as Romans do”. Advertising language should be kept in corresponding with cultural background of the target language, whenever this is done, it becomes possible for advertisements to exert its function to attract the receptors. Combining with translation practices this paper will analyze how the cultural differences influence Ad function in six aspects, including cultural habits, social political constitution, courteous principle, reasoning, aesthetic thought and language structure, Ad translation will not reach its function if such cultural differences are neglected, and how much importance should be attached to the cultural identity, which plays a positive role in Ad translation Key Words: Ad Translation, Cultural Differences, Cultural Connotation, Cultural Identity 摘要: 广告语言作为一种特殊的实用文体,有其独有的特点,并蕴含一定的文化内涵。广告语言的翻译,是跨文化的交流活动,它不仅仅是将一种语言文字转换成另一种语言文字,而且使读者自然而然地认同广告的深层文化内涵,通过被吸引而产生广告的效应。广告翻译必须注重目的语的文化背景,高质量的翻译不仅可以准确传达信息,还能引发读者的文化联想和审美想象,产生良好的广告效应,同时也宣传了本民族的文化,起到了对外交流的作用。为能灵活、有效和得体地表达出原语中的文化内涵以及广告信息,这就要求译者必须了解原语言和译语言的文化,确保信息准确传递。本文结合广告翻译成功和失败的案例,从风俗习惯、社会政治制度、礼貌原则、推理模式、审美思想、语言结构六个方面文化差异对广告翻译的影响，忽视文化的差异，必将一定程度上影响广告信息的传递，产生误解，使广告翻译难以实现信息的等效交流，而进一步探讨应如何注重文化认同,分析其对广告功能、目的产生的影响。关键词：广告翻译、文化差异、文化内涵、文化认同Contents Introduction Chapter 1:Introduction of Cultural Differences Chapter 2: Misunderstandings Caused by Cultural Differences Different Cultural Habits Cause Misunderstanding Different Social Political Constitution May Hinder the Convey of Information Different Courteous Principle May Lead to Communication Failure Different Reasoning May Cause Misunderstanding Different Aesthetic Thought Result in Different Appreciation View Different Language Structure May Make Information Depart from the Original Meaning Chapter 3: Role of Cultural Identity Conclusion References Introduction Advertisement should express a certain expectation. It is a special pragmatic type of writing with a unique feature, and it also contains a certain cultural connotation. It should not as easy as a word-to-word exchange, but much of a flexible work. Cultural background of the target language is significant to Ad translation; much impotence should be attached. A good translated version will not only convey the information in accuracy, reaching a good advertising effect, but also stimulate receptor’s cultural and appreciating association, which will be of much help to the cultrural communication, thus it also is a impulse in cultural diffusion. Cultural differences as the main factor give much hindrance to the translation work. Misunderstandings will come about if it is ignored, the advertisement may consequently fail to meet its goal. How the cultural differences influence the advertisement’s function and target and how to make the cultural differences optimized when translating? What kind of role does culture identity play in this course? All these questions are the main discussions in this 1 Cultural Differences As the product of culture, advertisement can show the close relationship between language and culture. Advertisement is a comprehensive art with commercial identity, which persuades people for a certain publicity goal. On some extent, it is a special pragmatic type of writing with unique feature, which contains a certain cultural connotation; only when put into the same or a similar social culture can its function and efficiency be completely explored. However, Ad translation is an across-cultural communication, which determines that it is not as easy as word-to-word exchange. It must win the receptor’s acceptance on the cultural connotation reflected in the Ads, then receptors are attracted and be willing to follow the Ad’s guide. Thus only by knowing the grammar, lexical and relating capabilities of listening, writing and speaking about the two languages is far from enough to ensure cultural connotation of the source language is properly and effectively expressed. The translator is required to know both cultures of the source language and target language to guarantee the best convey of the original information. For instance, “延年益寿”, “宫廷秘方”, “百年陈酿”,etc. These advertising language always turn up in domestic Ads, which are difficult to be translated, even though translated, target receptors would not understand the original cultural connotation, and a doubt to the quality of the product may arises in their minds. Different culture leads to different cultural identity. Domestic receptors are deeply influenced by the traditional culture. They like following the public, showing great awe to the authoritative people, this psychological phenomenon results in the existence of much advertising language with Chinese specialty, like “……,用了都说好”, “我们都喝……,今天你喝了没有”, “……时尚内衣”, “部优”, “省优”, “中国消费者协会推荐产品”, etc. While in western countries, people pursue independence. Everyone tends to be independent. Everyone is unique (why should I do the same as others? They always think in this way). So Advertisements there never advocate people to follow the public, rather to arise admiration to the so-called authoritative people. What reflects in the advertisement are “individuality”, “independence” and “privacy”.Different cultures determine that the product’s promotion will turn out failure if the Ad succeed inland is translated literally. Severe research must be done on the cultural differences, or a bad impression of irresponsible or muddling through might arise, a certain doubt about the quality might strike the consumer. Ad’s natural duty will end up with a failure. Thus, when conducting international propagation it is very important to study the differences between Chinese culture and western culture, and make sure not too much exaggeration is contained in the Ad. Cultural differences make their existence in many aspects, political, language, religion, custom, habits, etc. They have much importance to Ad translation. Once they were neglected, misunderstandings must turns up. Chapter 2 Misunderstandings Caused by Cultural Differences Advertising language is a special art form, which has profound cultural background and can be influenced by the tendency of the day. Ad translation is a motion of cultural communication. To avoid misunderstanding, comprehensibility of different cultural background should be strengthened in the translation. When translating, not only the exact meaning of the advertisement should be clear, but also the extended meaning namely the cultural connotation involved should be agreed on. Due to the differences in language, culture, politic, and custom, different understanding and cognition will form; the translation must go in line with the target cultural habits by which the communication shall reach an ideal effect. Mr. Wang zuoliang have said, “what translators deal with are some particular words, but what they face are two completely different cultures.” Another famous translation theorist Eugene A. Nida (1993) said, “Translating means communicating, what important is the extent to which receptors correctly understand and appreciate the translated text.” Different Cultural Habits Cause Misunderstanding Cultural differences and conflicts make their existence wherever and whenever, they influence people’s perspectives and their ways of generalization. Although people of different cultural backgrounds may have different tastes, their psychological inclination has much in common, that is to say, all human should pursue elegance and luck, but avoiding cynic and ominous, thereby translator should respect the cultural customs and be cautious in choosing words to avoid misunderstanding. For example, a pen product of Shanghai named “白翎”, the trade mark is translated as white feather. Unfortunately there is a saying in English, to show the white feather, which means escaping from the forefront. White feather is the symbol of cowardness in English. As a result, this pen got a bad selling in western countries. Another example, “金鸡鞋油，颜色有黑、棕、白、红、黄、蓝等.” It is translated into Golden Cock shoe-polish comes in black, brown, white, red, yellow and blue. In China, Golden has a meaning of valuable and of high quality, as well as “Cock” always leads to a positive association, then the translation of “金鸡” naturally comes to Golden Cock, which seriously mislead receptor’s association, because in English cock is a usual indication of male words containing good cultural connotation in Chinese would mean the opposite in western world. Take Fang Fang a lip-stick as an example , “芳芳” in Chinese is a very nice word , usually it is used to describe beautiful things with flowerlike smell. It might make people imagine a pretty girl with fragrant smell. There is no doubt it is an excellent originality for Chinese consumers, but in English Fang Fang may arise a horror feeling because fang in English means poison fang that causing danger. Another instance Bees scented soap is literal translated from “蜜蜂”, Bee in China history is a very lovely insect as a symbol of diligence, its cultural association should be a flowerlike smell that appealing to bees, certainly this soap may attract a large number of Chinese consumers. On the contrary, westerners would not follow suit, the association of bee gives them an uncomfortable feeling caused by the thinking of fuzz on bee’s body. Different Social and Political Constitution May Hinder the Convey of Information Due to the differences on social politics, words reflecting social specialties may hinder people know little about the reality from understanding. For instance, “某公司自1981年成立以来,在改革开放,加快企业转换机制方针指引下,以强烈的竞争意识,勇于开拓,积极进取,出口额逐年上升与世界80多个国家和地区的120多家厂商建立了良好的业务关系。” “ABC Corporation has built up excellent business relations with more than 120 companies and manufacturers in over 80 countries and regions since it was founded in 1981. We make progress actively with a strong sense of competition. Our exports have been increasing year after year.” Compare the two versions, “在改革开放,加快企业转换机制方针指引下”was neglected, since it will be difficult for foreigners to know about Chinese enterprise’s historical and moral background of management mechanisms shifting, it is not necessary to add some information that should not be helpful to foreigners understanding. In some circumstances, the information about political or that cause difficulty to understanding can be omitted, this omission is reasonable and it makes no influence for the company promotion. Another example, a pencil sharpener with “大鹏” as its trade mark, and it is translated as “ROC hardeners”. Hardener is the biggest bird in Han’s national myth, having a positive meaning of ambitious and prosperous. While in westerners’ minds, “ROC” stands for “Republic of China”, certainly this will lead to a misunderstanding and unnecessary association, consequently this trademark will be neither helpful to create good impression of the products nor to defend national dignity. Different Courteous Principle May Lead to Communication Failure Courtesy is the common conducting norm followed by people when they get to communicate. A mild tone is publicly welcome. Improper wording or harsh tone might result in failure for communication. Here is an example, in china, public good Ads always get “禁止……”, public take this natural, no one think it is amiss, but as you weigh about its commanding tone, a slight domineering must be felt. “禁止” in English should be “Do not”, which is not mild but a word of harsh, . “Do not pick the flower!” “Do not make noise!”……, since such a stiff tone will unavoidably raise a sense of distance, it won’t help to create a happy and sweet public atmosphere, foreign friends might feel uncomfortable; they think their personalities are not fully respected. Changing into a much milder tone the translation should be “keep away from the flower!” “Take care of the flower, please!” which will certainly inspire people love flowers and take care of Different Reasoning May Cause Misunderstanding People speaking different languages may have different ways of thinking or reasoning. The way of using language must be restricted by people’s different cultural backgrounds. In the aspect of Ad’s translation, it may turn out difficult for people to gain the original meaning of the information, or even misunderstandings come up. There is an advertisement for cereal crust, “本品可即购即食，食用方便” describing the convenience of the food, the translation is opening and eating immediately, to westerners, immediately may lead to a negative association food will go bad if not be eaten immediately, this may surely damage product’s image. To keep accordance with English speaking habits, translation should be Always ready to serve, which manages to convey the original meaning. So Ad translation should not only keep literal coincidence with the original, but also reach the accurate closeness with the connotation of information and language. Only when the actual connotation received by the receptors can this translation be called a equivalent one. Different Aesthetic Thought Result in Different Appreciation View To reach elegance in sound, appearance and meaning, Chinese Ad language tends to use lots of couplet, parallel structure or four-character structure. This has much to do with Chinese special aesthetic thought. Look at the following advertisement. A marriage broker advertises like this “寻寻觅觅，韶华转眼飞逝；犹犹豫豫，知音再度难逢。” “寻寻” and “觅觅”, “犹犹” and “豫豫” although these words get the same meaning, they sound good in rhyme. Instead of redundant, it sounds so natural and harmonious. While In English, “synonyms repetition” is always avoided, thus considering their appreciating view, the translation should erase the unnecessary words. Next a successful translation practice will take you to the further notice about the different aesthetic thought. I came back I came back to softness and comfort I came back to Dr. White’s And I wonder why I ever went away. Because only Dr. White’s gives me two kinds of comfort The super comfort of their cotton-wool content have makes them so much softer. And the comfort of a safer, more absorbent towel, with a flush-away design, too, for even more convenience. I tried the rest, but I came back. Isn’t it time you came back to Dr. White’s? Dr. White’s two kinds of -(Woman, April 1997) Following is the Chinese version , “我归来了，那绵绵的柔情，那缕缕的温馨，唤我归。我归来了，白仕！我不解，那时为何离去？唯有那白仕，让我拥有双重舒适。那松软洁白的棉衬，使我倍感柔软适意，那良好的渗透性能，使我倍觉舒爽称意，还有那易冲易消融的特点，让我使用更加方便随意。我曾徘徊踌躇，情有他钟，可我还是归来了。难道您——不想也拥有白仕的那份柔情，那份温馨？” Above is the Ad for “Dr. White” feminine napkin, in which the metaphor rhetoric transfers the affection for home onto the product to make it impressive and stimulate consumers purchasing desire. From the view of cultural connotation, the association for home is the same, whether English speaking country or Chinese has the same affection for home. Where the difference lies is on the taste for language using. The first paragraph of the English version ,which is a English verse with simple words, expresses a nice image, however, Chinese verse always take efforts to make a fine figure to concretize the image. So if translated directly, it cannot keep in line with Chinese aesthetic habit, damage must arise to the text’s infection. To take closer to Chinese taste, this translated version put the image externalized and turn the simple style to luxury, whereby this Ad makes a good performence。 Different Language Structure May Depart the Information from the Original Meaning Ad is to convey information. When Ad receptors from different cultures encounter the same Ad, what do they read from the same content about the product, the Chinese-English translation shall be easy to understand for Chinese consumers, but it cannot raise the same idea to western receptors what so ever. For instance, in an airline waiting room there is a public Ad as follows, “为了您和大家的健康，吸烟请到吸烟区。” For your and others health, the passengers who smoke, please go to the smoking area. What the Ad wants to indicate is that the waiting room is not allowed to smoke, if someone needs smoking he has to go to the smoking area. Chinese-English translation’s meaning is very clear to Chinese readers, but westerners understanding to it tends to be odd, To consider your health you are welcomed to smoke in the smoking area. Another one, on many main roads, there are Ad slogan propagating safe communication, reading like this, “高高兴兴上班去，平平安安回家来” which means to the driver to remind them driving carefully and back home safely. The translation follow Chinese language structure, that is, Go to work happily and come back safely, which is definitely out of line with English expressing way. It fails to convey the ideal information. Westerners may certainly feel puzzled. 未完~~~~~~~

广告语翻译的研究论文

论文关健词：言语行为理论广告语言广告翻译论文摘要：本文主要以言语行为理论为依据来探讨广告翻译问题。言语行为理论是关于语言在实际生活中运用的理论。而广告语言正是体现语言在商业领域的应用。因此本文第一部分介绍广告翻译的重要性。第二部分简要介绍言语行为理论。第三部分介绍广告语言的特点。第四部分只要分析广告语言的特点并详细举例分析言语行为理论在翻译中的应用。最后结论部分提出言语行为理论对广告翻译的启示。引言在现代社会，越来越多的商家通过各种各样广告来宣传他们的商品，广告对人们消费的影响越来越大。在全球化的今天，各商家想要使他们的商品在海外市场站住脚，也要首先依靠广告的效应。因而，广告翻译就显得尤为重要。由于广告语言的特殊特点，及其产生的效果使得广告翻译更加的具有挑战性。为了能够做好广告翻译，我们不仅要考虑广告语言的特点，还要考虑不同国家的文化因素。除此之外我们还要了解言语行为理论。言语行为理论是语用学中一个很重要的理论之一，由英国哲学家奥斯汀提出，后由美国语言学家塞尔将其发展。该理论主要研究语言在日常生活中的应用，因此对广告语言的研究有很重要的启示。一、言语行为理论言语行为理论是由英国哲学家奥斯汀于20世纪50年代创立的。言语行为理论是语用学的一个重要理论。“奥斯汀把语言的使用与人的活动联络起来，直接将语言当成了人类的行为方式，而且充分关注言语活动的参与者的意向以及相关语境等语用因素对语言使用的影响。”他主要研究的是什么时候人们该说什么话以及在什么情况下用什么词。他首先区分了施事语与记述语。奥斯汀反对逻辑实证主义者将无真假值等同于无意义的做法，认为他们并没有把所有各种无意义的东西统统划分清楚，而且也许由一些有意义的东西被当做无意义的东西而被抛弃了。奥斯汀提出用记述语来取代陈述这个传统说法来表示可以判断真假的话语，用施事语来表示那些无法判断真假但却有意义的话语。这些话语的意义在于实施某种行为。他认为当人们在说话时，实际上同时完成了三种行为即1话语行为指通常意思上的行为，发出生音说出带有意义的语句的行为。2施事行为指我们实施一个话语行为本身就是在实施一个行为，并且表达说话者的意图。3取效行为指这个话语行为对说话人产生的影响或结果。另一位对言语行为理论作出贡献的是美国的哲学语言学家约翰·塞尔。他在继承和批判奥斯汀的理论的基础上，是言语行为理论进一步系统化，严密化。塞尔的主要贡献是对施事行为的分类。他把施事行为分为五类即1断言式2指令式3承诺式4表情式5宣告式。塞尔对言语行为理论的另一大贡献是他提出了间接言语行为理论。“在日常的语言交际活动中，说话者的表述意义和语句意义经常会以各种各样的方式分离，即人们通常是用间接的表达方式来实现说话意图的。这就是间接言语行为。” 二、英汉广告语言的特点随着广告业的日益发展，广告语言己成为一种特殊的语言形式。广告是引导公众对某事物关注的一种手段，其目的是为了向公众推介某种观念，某种商品或者服务。因此广告语言要求语言简洁，无论在词汇还是修辞，句法等方面都表现出特有的规律和特点。而掌握这些规律和特点对广告翻译的至关重要。 1广告语言的词汇特点作为传播讯息的一种方式，广告语言用词要做到简洁，严谨，生动，形象，有感 *** 彩才能吸引消费者的注意力。例如，无论何时，享受生活.Take time. Any timeo "`once tasted, always loved.一旦品尝，终生爱之。”这两则广告一则是一个宾馆的广告，另一则是一个食品广告。这两则广告运用简洁而非正式的词语，既表达了商品的资讯同时使消费者非常轻松的了解了商品的品质和特色。为了使广告语言既生动又形象，广告语言还常常用错拼和造词的方法。例如，"Surefit shoe Ltd.舒飞鞋业有限公司”。"Hi-fi, hi-fun, Hi-fashion, only fromSonya”高度保真，高度趣味，高尚名流，来自索尼。这两则广告都很富有新意，利用造词法使消费者能在很短的时间内注意它并留下很深的印象。因此在翻译这类广告时我们也要发挥想象力和创造力来时中英文翻译对等并得到同样的效果。 2.广告语言的修辞特点修辞在广告语言中也是经常用到的手法。语言中用到修辞可以使语言更加生动形象，富有趣味性，把它运用到广告中就使广告的效果更加突出。拟人，比喻，重复和押韵都是一些广告常用的修辞手法。例如，Time willtell时间会作证的。这则手表广告运用拟人的手法充分表明了该手表的质量值得保证和信赖。 The world *** iles with Reader’s Di-gest.《读者文摘》给世人带来欢乐。拟人手法的使用使得广告具有人的特点，能够使广告更具亲和力。 3.广告语言的句法特点广告语言的句式结构多种多样，巧妙的运用简单句，疑问句和祈使句等句式能够有效的达到吸引消费者，激起他们的购买欲，最终使他们采取行动购买商品的目的。例如，"Fresh up with Seven-up.君饮七喜，提神醒脑.""; go better with Coca-Cola.饮可口可乐，万事如意。”这两条广告无论英文还是中文都达到了言简意赅。避免了用复杂句而使消费者厌烦，有效的吸引消费者的同时也节约了广告的成本。三.言语行为理论在广告翻译中的应用根据奥斯汀的言语行为理论三分说，我们可以把广告语言本身作为一个话语行为，广告者用的不同写作方法和意图是施事行为，广告对消费者的影响以及产生的效果就是取效行为。当我们翻译时想让中文版本和英文版本起到同样的效果，我们就要充分考虑这则广告所体现的言语行为理论的这三种行为。经过仔细分析后在进行翻译，不能只凭字面意思而翻译，尤其是广告文字。Spoil的本意为破坏，在这则广告里我们就不能将其翻译为破坏，否则与英文版本产生的效果大不一样。这则广告翻译为“尽兴而不增肥”更好些，既符合广告言简意赅的特点又起到了广告吸引消费者的目的。根据以上分析，广告翻译除了传统的直译法，意译法，创译法，增补型翻译法等外，也可以运用基于言语行为理论的语用翻译法。这种翻译法对广告翻译的启示主要有三点:一要充分考虑广告语的施事行为，也就是广告语的目的。“用简单的话说，施事功能就是我们用话语来表达要做的事情。’，很多时候这种目的不是通过直接的言语行为来表现的，而是通过间接言语行为来实现，从而使广告语言更加意味深长。二要充分考虑广告语的取效行为，也就是广告宣传所起到的效果。一个广告语的好坏是由广告所起到的效果决定的。因此广告语的翻译也要考虑广告译语所起到的效果。三翻译时要充分考虑语境因素。例如广告所针对的不同年龄的群体，中西方不同的文化背景。从而在选词和句子结构上要特殊分析对待。四、结论言语行为理论应用到广告翻译中，能使广告语的翻译更加贴切，使广告语的用意和效果，及其中蕴含的语用含义在译语中运用表现的更加恰当。“广告是集文学，美学，心理学，社会学，语言学等为一体的综合性文体，要求译文简洁，既能传递资讯，又能达到 *** 消费者购买欲望的目的。”因此在进行广告翻译时，我们既要兼顾中外文化形象传统和语言表达习惯的差异，又要根据译语文化的习惯和读者的接受和审美期待，同时兼顾广告语在用词，句法和修辞上的特点和语言的言语行为，使读者与译文的期待程度融合，重塑商品的文化形象，传递原语的语用资讯。

广告英语翻译论文开题报告