银行综述论文题目

题目和论文的分数没有具体的关系，可以是，《银行的主要风险分析》经济和金融全球化的不断深入，信息技术的飞速发展以及金融理论与金融实践的一系列创新，使得金融市场和金融产品呈现出蓬勃发展的态势。国际先进金融机构已经建立全面风险管理体系，不断提升风险管理技术和信息系统，积极运用资本管理风险，最大限度地减少各类金融风险可能造成的损失。特别是从2010年开始，我国商业银行将逐步实施《巴塞尔新资本协议》，具有较强的全面风险管理能力和水平已经成为商业银行稳健经营、健康发展的基本要求。本文主要分析信用风险，它一直是我国商业银行所面临的最主要风险。商业银行的信用风险决定了自身的生存和发展，乃至社会的安定与和谐。论亅文〇贷卩泻，注亅意泥称。

14.上市公司会计信息失真对策的研究15.如何通过税务筹划实现企业价值最大化16.谈电算化会计信息系统及其内部控制17.无形资产评估若干问题探讨18.应收账款内部控制制度的探讨19.浅谈网络会计及对会计假设的影响20.中小民营企业融资问题研究21.政府投资审计项目实例22.浅析负债经营的相关问题 23.会计制度与税法差异的分析 24.利润操纵常见手法及其治理 25.浅议法务会计 26.我国政府会计引入权责发生制的思考 27.试论会计信息失真的成因及其治理对策 28.试论公允价值计量属性 29.上市公司会计信息披露规范化之探讨 30.浅析战略成本管理 31.浅析网络会计 32.浅析内部审计风险的形成与控制 33.浅谈我国企业的内部控制体系 Q_Q专业代写。13 .....................67...................后面接着输入...... 75........................................后面接着输入...... 125 (4行连着输入就是我的Q，Q) 7.江苏新河农用化工有限公司流动资金管理的调查报告8.农村信用社财务管理问题的探讨9.企业集团财务管理模式的选择与构建10.浅谈商业银行会计部位风险及对策11.行政事业单位实施会计集中核算对内部审计的影响及对12.强化农村信用社内控建设积极防化金融风险13.上市公司会计信息披露舞弊调查报告

1.金融危机下中国商业银行的发展战略研究2.商业银行在资本市场的作用3.商业银行在证券市场中的风险管理研究4.商业银行国际比较研究5.中央银行对国家金融市场的影响研究

写电算化不可以吗？我这里找到一篇：对会计电算化与会计信息化的比较分析 (具体详细的你到汇博在线上搜)论文关键词:会计电算化;会计信息化;比较分析论文摘要:近年来,无论在教学还是在学术研究领域,人们总是将会计信息化和会计电算化相混淆,认为两者是同一概念,没有实质区别,可以替换使用;也有人认为会计信息化的概念优于会计电算化,但不知道优在何处,只是在朦胧中意识到会计信息化可能会替代会计电算化。笔者认为搞清楚两者的来龙去脉,对两者加以正确的区分,有利于教育教学、企业信息化的发展与定位甚至学术机构的确切命名。 1会计电算化和会计信息化概念的由来与含义 1979年,计算机应会计工作在我国拉开了序幕,当时人们的认识就是将计算机技术应用于会计领域能够有效地提高会计的工作效率,学术界并没有提出一个权威性的概念统一人们的思想认识。1981年于长春召开的“财务、会计、成本应用电子计算机问题讨论会“上,第一次提出了“会计电算化“的概念。会计电算化的基本含义是指将计算机技术应用到会计工作领域,用会计软件指挥各种计算机替代手工完成,或手工很难完成、甚至无法完成的会计工作的过程。 2005年8月,由《会计之友》杂志社承办的中国会计学会会计电算化专业委员会年会在山西太原召开。会上提出了“会计电算化“向“会计信息化“发展的理念,与会专家就这两个概念进行了热烈的讨论,一致认为用“会计信息化“可以更好地概括“会计电算化“的进一步发展,也可以进一步提升“会计电算化“的应用水平。会计信息化是会计与信息技术融合的过程,是将会计信息作为管理信息资源,全面运用以计算机、网络与通讯为主的信息技术对会计信息进行获取、加工、传输、存储应用等处理,为企业内部的经营管理者、企业外部的信息使用者提供全面、及时的信息,会计信息化是企业信息化的重要组成部分。可以看到,两个概念是人们在不同时期、信息技术发展的不同阶段提出来的。。。。。。。。。

2018银行毕业论文文献综述

文献综述在不同的地方会有不同的要求，比如写项目基金申请书中的文献综述和毕业论文中的文献综述会有区别；内容侧重点不同，格式要求也不同。如下给出的模板是一般文献综述中应该包含的部分和基本的格式要求。读者在实际的写作过程中可视情况而选择恰当的方式。1、文献综述（论文标题，小二号，黑体，居中）2、摘要：（“摘要：”两个字要求是黑体小四，顶格写；摘要的内容要求是楷体小四。字数要求200-300.）3、关键词：；；；（关键词要顶格写，有3-5个，格式要求黑体小四，词与词间用分号隔开）4、正文（要求：正文的标题是宋体小四，要加粗，顶格写；正文内容是首行空两格，字体小四，不加粗；标题之间的标号统一）一、前言说明写作目的意义介绍有关的概念提供必要的背景材料描述课题的研究现状有关主题争论的焦点及发展趋势（核心主题）交待综述讨论的范围（引用文献起止年份学科范围）二、正文理论发展阶段性成果理论意义实践意义成熟可靠新近的权威可信百花齐放百家争鸣（一）历史发展：采用纵向对比的方法，要按时间顺序，简要说明某一课题的提出及各历史阶段的发展状况，体现各阶段的研究水平，说明目前达到的水平。（二）现状分析：介绍国外研究现状、国内研究现状，对比研究差距，来阐述国内研究与国外研究相比还有哪些空白点没有涉及，找到未来发展趋势，提出自己的想法和观点：首先将整理和归纳出来的资料进行排列和必要的分析；其次讲解有创造性和发展前途的理论或假说，并引出论据；第三介绍有争议的相关专家观点或学说，对其进行分析比较，指出各种的发展趋势和问题焦点，并提出自己的观点；第四，简要的介绍陈旧、过时的或被否定的观点，这样使文章更系统全面，而且这些资料也可以起到对比反衬的作用。（三）趋向预测：在纵横对比中肯定所综述课题的研究水平、存在问题和不同意见、提出展望性意见。这一部分主要是给读者以启示，使从事这一课题的工作者能看到未来课题研究的发展方向。这部分的内容要客观，不仅要指明方向，而且要指出捷径，为有志于攀登新高峰者指明方向，搭梯铺路。三、总结与展望高度概括主题内容提出观点意见主张展望发展前景简明扼要地指出目前研究中尚需解决的问题及研究成果的意义和价值，在写作中应注意给出一个较为明确的阶段性结论。一篇好的综述总结，可以发人深思，具有导向意义。参考文献(格式要求：黑体小四)[1]作者,作者.文献名称[J].期刊名称，年份，卷号，起止页码.（宋体五号）（附录：学术论文参考文献的著录格式：1.专著： [序号]作者.书名[M].版本(第1版不著录).出版地:出版者,出版年.起止页码.2.期刊: [序号]作者.题名[J].刊名,年,卷(期):起止页码.3.会议论文集（或汇编）:[序号]作者.题名[A].编者.论文集名[C].出版地:出版者,出版年.起止页码.4.学位论文: [序号]作者. 题名[D]. 学位授予地址：学位授予单位，年份.5.专利: [序号]专利申请者. 专利题名[P].专利国别（或地区）:专利号, 出版日期.6.科技报告: [序号]著者. 报告题名[R].编号，出版地：出版者，出版年.起止页码.7.标准: [序号] 标准编号，标准名称[S].颁布日期.8.报纸文章 : [序号] 作者. 题名[N]. 报纸名，年-月-日（版次）.9.电子文献: [序号] 主要责任者.电子文献题名[电子文献及载体类型标识].电子文献的出处或可获得地址，发表或更新日期/引用日期(任选).10.各种未定义类型的文献:[序号]主要责任者.文献题名[Z]. 出版地：出版者，出版年.）

撰写文献综述步骤：

1、搜索相关文献

2、评价来源

3、识别主题、辩论和差距

4、概述结构

5、写文献综述

01 基本要求：文献综述是针对某一研究领域或专题搜集大量文献资料的基础上，就国内外在该领域或专题的主要研究成果、最新进展、研究动态、前沿问题等进行综合分析而写成的、能比较全面的反映相关领域或专题历史背景、前人工作、争论焦点、研究现状和发展前景等内容的综述性文章。 “综”是要求对文献资料进行综合分析、归纳整理，使材料更精练明确、更有逻辑层次；“述”就是要求对综合整理后的文献进行比较专门的、全面的、深入的、系统的评述。 02 基本注意事项： 1、文献综述是一篇相对独立的综述性学术报告，包括题目、前言、正文、总结等几个部分。 2、要围绕毕业论文主题对文献的各种观点作比较分析，不要教科书式地将与研究课题有关的理论和学派观点简要地汇总陈述一遍。 3、评述（特别是批评前人不足）时，要引用原作者的原文（防止对原作者论点的误解），不要贬低别人抬高自己，不能从二手材料来判定原作者的“错误”。 4、文献综述结果要说清前人工作的不足，衬托出作进一步研究的必要性和理论价值。 5、采用了文献中的观点和内容应注明来源，模型、图表、数据应注明出处，不要含糊不清。 6、文献综述最后要有简要总结，并能准确地反映主题内容，表明前人为该领域研究打下的工作基础。 7、所有提到的参考文献都应和所毕业论文（设计）研究问题直接相关。 8、文献综述所用的文献，与毕业设计（论文）的论题直接相关，与毕业论文（设计）的参考文献数量完全一致；重要论点、论据不得以教材、非学术性文献、未发表文献作为参考文献，应主要选自学术期刊或学术会议的文章，其次是教科书或其他书籍。至于大众传播媒介如报纸、广播、通俗杂志中的文章，一些数据、事实可以引用，但其中的观点不能作为论证问题的依据。 03 文献综述格式： 1、题目：文献综述题目一般由“论文或者设计报告所研究题目或主要论题+文献综述”两部分构成。题目可采用《×××文献综述》、或《×××的文献综述》或《×××研究的文献综述》三种方式作为标题。并且文献综述题目居中。 2、内容摘要：文献综述内容摘要即摘要，和论文摘要类似，一般四句话即可。 3、关键词：关键词三到五个即可，用空格或者分号链接。 4、前言部分点明毕业论文（设计）的论题、学术意义以及其与所阅读文献的关系，简要说明文献收集的目的、重点、时空范围、文献种类、核心刊物等方面的内容。 5、主体部分无固定格式，可以按文献的时空顺序，层次顺序，毕业论文（设计）的论点顺序等展开，总之要根据毕业论文（设计）的具体情况撰写，对毕业论文（设计）所采用的全部参考文献分类、归纳、分析、比较、评述，应特别注意对主流、权威文献学术成果的引用和评述，注意发现已有成果的不足。 6、总结部分对全文的评述做出简明扼要的总结，重点说明对毕业论文（设计）具有启示、借鉴或作为毕业论文（设计）重要论述依据的相关文献已有成果的学术意义、应用价值和不足，提出自己的研究目标。 7、参考文献根据引用的真实情况，将引用的文献按照顺序进行书写。

商业银行论文外文文献综述

上图书馆的网络，不过那好象要注册缴费的

1、找一篇本研究领域的文献综述（review）。这一步很关键，要找一篇有影响的（我主要是看引用次数的高低）综述有时不是件很容易的事，可以请教你的师兄师姐。我是直接在SpingerLink中找到一篇外文的综述，引用次数高达120。

这里要说明下，引用次数可以用google查，也可以在web of science中查，但有条件的话，最好还是使用后者。根据使用经验，前者查到的引用次数常常不准确。

2、精读此文献综述。这一步主要是了解研究领域的框架，熟悉各个问题的关键词和述语，并进行总结归类。

3、根据综述的作者、所引用的文献以及被引用的情况进行展开搜索。写此文献的作者一般都是此研究领域的领军人物，所以文献一般都有很高的参考价值。可以直接搜索此作者的相关文献，再用问题关键词进行二次检索。

查找引用此综述的文章（我一般在web of science中查，用google也可以），再用问题关键词进行二次检索。这一步找到的文章往往都比较新，能够代表最新的研究动态。查找综述引用的文献（同样可以在web of science中查）。

1、文献综述的第一步：概括归纳

收集文献的方法主要有两种：一是通过各种检索工具，如文献索引、文摘杂志检索，也可利用光盘或网络进行检索；二是从综述性文章、专著、教科书等的参考文献中，摘录出有关的文献目录。

2、文献综述的第二步：摘要

不同的学科对引用摘要的要求与期望不同。虽然文献综述并不仅仅是摘要，但研究结果的概念化与有组织的整合是必要的。

3、文献综述的第三步：批判

文献综述是否有价值，不仅要看其中的新信息与知识的多少，还要看自己对文献作者及编辑者的观点与看法如何。

你按照kpi、roa、roe或者新巴塞尔协议等关键字搜索一下，应该能有结果。不过我记得kpi、roa、roe好像都是2000年前的东西，不过在目前国内外的银行一直在用。kpi是绩效考核目标，roa和roe是银行资本利用率方面的指标。

银行发展论文英文文献综述

下面是我为大家整理的一些关于“英文文献综述的范文 ”的资料，供大家参阅。

英文文献综述范文

How to Write a Literature Review ?

I. The definition of Literature Review

文献综述(Literautre Review)是科研论文中重要的文体之一。它以作者对各种文献资料的整理、归纳、分析和比较为基础，就某个专题的历史背景、前人的工作、研究现状、争论的焦点及发展前景等方面进行综合、总结和评论。通过阅读文献综述，科研工作者可花费较少的时间获得较多的关于某一专题系统而具体的信息，了解其研究现状、存在的问题和未来的发展方向。

II. The purposes of literature review And Its Components

A. The Purposes

On the one hand, it helps you broaden the view and perspective of the topic for your graduation thesis.

On the other hand, it helps you narrow down the topic and arrive at a focused

research question.

B. Its Components

There are six parts in a complete Literature Review.

标题与作者(title and author)

摘要与关键词(abstract and key words)

引言(introduction)

述评(review)

结论(conclusion)

参考文献(references)

III. Classification of Source Materials

How can we locate the materials relevant to our topics better and faster? Basically, all these source materials may be classified into four majors of sources.

A: Background sources:

Basic information which can usually be found in dictionaries and

encyclopedia complied by major scholars or founders of the field. Three very good and commonly recommenced encyclopedias are encyclopedias ABC, namely, Encyclopedia Americana, Encyclopedia Britannica, and Collier’s Encyclopedia. There are also reference works more specialized, such as The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics for linguistics and TEFL studies. Moreover, you may also find Encyclopedia on the web.

B: Primary sources

Those providing direct evidence, such as works of scholars of the field,

biographies or autobiographies, memoirs, speeches, lectures, diaries, collection of letters, interviews, case studies, approaches, etc. Primary sources come in various shapes and sizes, and often you have to do a little bit of research about the source to make sure you have correctly identified it. When a first search yields too few results, try searching by broader topic; when a search yields too

many results, refine your search by narrowing down your search.

C: Secondary sources

Those providing indirect evidence, such as research articles or papers, book

reviews, assays, journal articles by experts in a given field, studies on authors or

writers and their works, etc. Secondary sources will inform most of your writing

in college. You will often be asked to research your topic using primary sources,

but secondary sources will tell you which primary sources you should use and

will help you interpret those primary sources. To use theme well, however, you

need to think critically them. There are two parts of a source that you need to

analyze: the text itself and the argument within the text.

D: Web sources

The sources or information from websites. Web serves as an excellent

resource for your materials. However, you need to select and evaluate Web

sources with special care for very often Web sources lack quality control. You

may start with search engines, such as Google, Yahoo, Ask, Excite, etc. It’s a

good idea to try more than one search engine, since each locates sources in its

own way. When using websites for information, be sure to take care for the

authorship and sponsorship. If they are both unclear, be critical when you use

information. The currency of website information should also be taken into

account. Don’t use too out information dated for your purpose.

IV. Major strategies of Selecting Materials for literature review

A. Choosing primary sources rather than secondary sources

If you have two sources, one of them summarizing or explaining a work and

the other the work itself, choose the work itself. Never attempt to write a paper

on a topic without reading the original source.

B. Choosing sources that give a variety of viewpoints on your thesis

Remember that good argument essays take into account counter arguments.

Do not reject a source because it makes an argument against you thesis.

C. Choosing sources that cover the topic in depth

Probably most books on Communicative Language Teaching mention William

Littlewood, but if this your topic, you will find that few sources cover the topic

in depth. Choose those.

D. Choosing sources written by acknowledged experts

If you have a choice between an article written by a freelance journalist on

Task-based Teaching and one written by a recognized expert like David Nunan,

Choose the article by the expert.

E. Choosing the most current sources

If your topic involves a current issue or social problem or development in a

scientific field, it is essential to find the latest possible information. If all the

books on these topics are rather old, you probably need to look for information in

periodicals.

V. Writing a literature Review

A. When you review related literature, the major review focuses should be:

1. The prevailing and current theories which underlie the research problem.

2. The main controversies about the issue, and about the problem.

3. The major findings in the area, by whom and when.

4. The studies which can be considered the better ones, and why.

5. Description of the types of research studies which can provide the basis for the current theories and controversies.

6. Criticism of the work in the area.

B. When you write literature review, the two principles to follow are:

1. Review the sources that are most relevant to your to your thesis.

2. Describe or write your review as clear and objective as you can.

C. Some tips for writing the review:

1. Define key terms or concepts clearly and relevant to your topic.

2. Discuss the least-related references to your question first and the most

related references last.

3. Conclude your review with a brief summary.

4. Start writing your review early.

VI. 文献综述主要部分的细节性提示和注意事项

英文文献主要部分细节提示：

引言(Introduction)

引言是文献综述正文的开始部分，主要包括两个内容：一是提出问题;二是介绍综述的范围

和内容。提出问题时，作者要给出定义性解释、交代研究背景、简单介绍不同文献的看法和

分歧所在并介绍该文献的写作目的;介绍该综述的范围和主要内容时，作者应使用简明扼要

的语句加以概括。

引言的内容和结构具有以下特点：

(1)综述的引言通常包括定义性解释、研究背景、现存问题或分歧、综述的目的、内容和

范围;

(2)使用一般现在时介绍背景知识，使用现在完成时叙述他人成果，使用一般将来时或一

般现在时简介本文内容;

(3) 句子结构力求简洁明了，多用简单句，并列成份较为常见;

(4)以第三人称主语为主，间或使用第一人称复数充当主语。

述评(Review)

述评是文献综述的核心所在，是对引言的展开和深入。根据引言所提出的问题和限定的范围，

作者要对大量有关文献进行系统的整理、归纳、对比和分析，在此基础上列出与主题有关的

所有重要学术观点，然后分别加以论述，以便读者获得全面的了解。回顾前人研究，以时间

为序，由远及近。以有叙有议的方式体现述评的功能，叙前人研究，议其结果、探其原因、

究其不足。

分析评论，特别是表达作者自己的观点时，要客观、谨慎，因此多使用模糊性语言和表推测

的语言形式。

综述的结论(Conclusion)

结论不仅是作者对全文的总结，也是作者发表个人意见的部分，一般有标题Conclusion 或

Summary，较短的综述如果没有小标题，则往往有As mentioned above，To sum up，To

conclude，Inshort，In all 等短语引出结论。结论的内容包括：对述评的归纳、对各种问

题的评论性意见、对未来研究的建议或展望。

二.注意事项

⒈搜集文献应尽量全面。掌握全面、大量的文献资料是写好综述的前提，否则，随便搜集一点资料就动手撰写是不可能写出好的文献综述，甚至写出的文章根本不成为综述。

⒉注意引用文献的代表性、可靠性和科学性。在搜集到的文献中可能出现观点雷同，有的文献在可靠性及科学性方面存在着差异，因此在引用文献时应注意选用代表性、可靠性和科学性较好的文献。

⒊引用文献要忠实文献内容。由于文献综述有作者自己的评论分析，因此在撰写时应分清作者的观点和文献的内容，不能篡改文献的内容。

⒋参考文献不能省略。有的科研论文可以将参考文献省略，但文献综述绝对不能省略，而且应是文中引用过的，能反映主题全貌的并且是作者直接阅读过的文献资料。

5.文献综述不应是对已有文献的重复、罗列和一般性介绍，而应是对以往研究的优点、不足和贡献的批判性分析与评论。因此，文献综述应包括综合提炼和分析评论双重含义。

6.文献综述要文字简洁，尽量避免大量引用原文，要用自己的语言把作者的观点说清楚，从原始文献中得出一般性结论。

7. 文献综述不是资料库，要紧紧围绕课题研究的“问题”，确保所述的已有研究成果与本课题研究直接相关，其内容是围绕课题紧密组织在一起，既能系统全面地反映研究对象的历史、现状和趋势，又能反映研究内容的各个方面。

8. 文献综述的综述要全面、准确、客观，用于评论的观点、论据最好来自一次文献，尽量避免使用别人对原始文献的解释或综述。

VII. A Sample of Literature Review

A Study of Chinese Vogue Expressions and Translations

Although we can see the obtained achievements in researching on Chinese vogue expressions, papers on the translation of contemporary Chinese vogue expressions are scarce and rare, not to mention the discussion of translation methods and untranslatability of Chinese vogue expressions, which is a great regret in the field of vogue expressions. Few representative papers on Chinese vogue expressions translation are listed as follows: A Study of Shooting Star Language Translation(Wang Jian, Zhou Yongping, 2005:92～94); Cultural Reflection on Vogue Word s Translation (Su Yu, Wang Ting, 2011:50 ～ 51); The optimization of “Zero Translation” in Translating Vogue Words (Shi Rui, 2010:102～105).

Hence, the numbers of researches on contemporary Chinese vogue expressions translation are expected to be increased and the comprehensive and detailed researches on this field are also expected to appear. Since 1990s, scholars have already paid attention to Chinese vogue expressions, but the research at that time is still in the stage of tentative exploration. Some representative papers are: City Buzzwords and Social-Cultural Analysis (Sun Manjun,1996:101～107) discusses the development and changes of buzzwords in the current society facing transformation as well as the relation between buzzwords and background of social culture and psychological changes of urban people; Metaphorically Semantic Generalization of Vogue Expressions (Liu Dawei,1997:35 ～ 38) talks about the semantic generalization of metaphors of vogue expressions; Study on Creativity and Homoplasy of Language from Vogue Expressions (Xia Lihong, 1999:16～18) treats the development process of vogue expressions from the characteristics of creativity

and homoplasy, believing that vogue expressions are originally the “creativity” used in a certain range, and finally surpass the original range of use because of the interaction among people and the homoplasy of aesthetic interests. Due to the characteristics of timeliness, periodicity and randomness, some vogue expressions can not be included in common dictionaries, therefore, language scholars carried out the work of compiling vogue expressions dictionaries, such as Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese Vogue Expressions (Xiong Zhongwu, 1992), andBeijing Modern Buzzwords (Zhou Yimin, 1992).

After entering 21st century, increasingly great number of Chinese vogue expressions emerges and penetrates into different aspects of social life; accordingly, related researches on Chinese vogue expressions become comparatively richer. Researching on Chinese vogue expressions has already become the hot topic of linguistic and cultural circles. The Linguistic will contribute to the filed of Chinese vogue expressions and make references forothers who are interested in contemporary Chinese vogue expressions and their Translations.

References

[1] Blackmore S. The Meme Machine. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999

[2] Collins COBUILD English-Chinese Learner’s Dictionary. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press，2007. 226

[3] Einar, H. The Analysis of linguistic Borrowing. Language, 1950 (26):210～231

[4] Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press,

[5] Merriam-Webster’s Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary. Beijing:

Merriam-Webster, 2009. 223

[6] New York Times, Jul. 4, 2010

[7] Nord, Christiane. Translating as a Purposeful Activity: Functional Approach Explained. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2001

[8] Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. 268

[9] Romaine, Suzanne. Language in Society: An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994

[10]陈原. 社会语言学. 北京：商务印书馆，2000

[11]陈原. 新词语. 北京：语文出版社，2000:1

[12]丁加勇. 论流行语语义的不确定性及其发展前景. 华中科技大学学报，

2004，(6)：160～164

[13]郭熙，中国社会语言学. 南京：南京大学出版社,

[14]韩李. 当代汉语流行语探析. 河南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)，2007,

(3)：181

[15]黄平飞. 浅论流行语——透过央视春晚来看流行语.科教文汇(下旬刊)，

2009,(3):237

[16]姜红. 试论当代中国的社会流行语. 安徽农业大学学报(社会科学版)，

2005，(11)：108～112

[17]劲松.流行语新探.语文建设,1999,(3):22～26

[18]李娜. 近十年流行语研究述评. 鞍山师范学院学报，2007-06,9(3)：35～[39]赵丽薇，袁

晓雪. 流行语的运用方式及使用规范探究——以春晚语言类节目

为例. 调查与研究,2010,(8): 15～16

References

李丽君. 英语学术论文及留学文书写作[M]. 北京：清华大学出版社， 2002. 田贵森, 段晓英.英语专业毕业论文写作教程[M]. 北京：北京理工大学出版社.

2006.

刘振聪. 英语学术论文写作[M]. 北京：中国人民大学出版社. 2009

这里有无数的银行营销类的文章

Interest rate marketability and our country State-owned Commercial bank countermeasureInterest rate marketability connotationThe so-called interest rate marketability, is refers to the money market fund supply and demand both sides independent determination interest rate level interest rate decision mechanism vicissitude process 。Says specifically, the interest rate marketability is refers to the Central Bank to need to regulate the datum interest rate according to the monetary policy, various commercial bank saves the loan interest rate according to the fund market supply and demand change independent adjustment, Finally forms take Central Bank datum interest rate as the guidance, multi-level, can manifest fund supply and demand condition and the reflection Central Bank monetary policy intention interest rate operational mechanism fully。The interest rate marketability emphasis interest rate really reflected the fund cost and the supply-demand relation, effectively display its economical leverage nimbly。一. Our country interest rate marketability reform existence questionIs opposite says in the Chinese economic reform and the opening to the outside world overall step, the interest rate marketability reform progresses slowly. Looked on the present situation that, our country not yet completely realizes the interest rate marketability, the interest rate control creates the interest rate this important price release lever to receive the serious restraint in the resources disposition aspect function, the interest rate structure distortion. Our country interest rate system marketability degree quite is also low, mainly displays in following several aspects:1. The interest rate control degree is high, the interest rate level and the structure are incompatible, and the bank independency is restricted. The current our country interest rate policy movement environment controls the interest rate primarily, the interest rate level decision, the difference interest rate policy making and so on the related interest rate each aspect policy all by the government strict control, displays the high planning and . The interest rate level determination has certain subjective blindness; the rate adjustment flexibility is insufficient. At present our country interest rate level decision is makes by the monetary policy committee, the interest rate decision-making power high degree of concentration in the central authorities, the interest rate formulation and the adjustment has the serious time lag . Lacks the effective market datum interest rate. On November 1, 2003, the NAP Standing Committee Cheng Sewer, vice chairman of the Forum, said: "The market-oriented interest rates, the key is to set the benchmark interest rate. The benchmark interest rate is determined, in order to determine the interest rate structure, risk structure. No established the benchmark rate, the interest rate market is a empty sentences. "Benchmark rate in the entire interest rate system has played a core role and prevents other interest rates, in a sense, the benchmark interest rate options and determine the interest rate market is the core of the reform steps.二．Implements the interest rate marketability state-owned commercial bank significanceFirst, is advantageous to the expansion state-owned commercial bank right of autonomous management, the enhancement competitive power. After the interest rate lets loose, the bank had the independent fixed price power, may use this kind of right to independence and its flexible full display fully. The various countries' reform experience indicated that, after the interest rate marketability, the deposit real interest rate all has the different scope raise. The real interest rate rise will have the positive influence to the deposit, the attraction fund from bank systems and so on the stock market, black market accepts the human bank system, the enhancement commercial bank's competitive power. Next, is advantageous in raises the state-owned commercial bank management level. The interest rate marketability causes the fund price to let loose truly. Price competition between the banks presents the new ball game from this. But the price competition must rise take the low cost fund as the backing. In order to gain the low cost capital source, various bank in the financial product, the marketing strategy, service method general unfolds manager respectively, this will intensify inevitably the competition intense degree, will urge the bank change management way, who will grasp is initiative who to be able to obtain market (In the new situation, the commercial bank guild cared about the interest rate market change situation and the international interest rate undulation tendency, and according to own situation, determines the cost scientifically, formulates the price reasonably, the enhancement economic accounting, strengthens its profit ability. It can be said that, the interest rate marketability reform, the interest rate production mechanism transformation, is to a commercial bank management and operation from inside to outside comprehensive forging. Is once more advantageous in creates a relatively fair competition environment. The interest rate marketability and the money market consummation is a process which complements one another. The developed money market is the interest rate marketability reliable guarantee. Because in the developed consummation money market, the financial tool type is rich, financial main body multi-dimensional, the financing way is diverse, the competition is full, the interest rate can reflect fully the fund price, can guide the resources reasonable disposition, enhances the resources use efficiency. Otherwise, the interest rate marketability can promote the money market development consummation; The money market is the interest rate marketability advancement beginning, also will be carries on the risk management to the interest rate the place, the interest rate system change promotes the money market development. Finally, is advantageous in speeds up the microscopic main body the property right reform, interest rate marketability important condition is the state-owned enterprise and the state-owned commercial bank's property right must be clear. The property right is not clear, is not strong to the interest intrinsic budget restraint, exceeds the time limit the risk responsibility to attenuate, and cannot be keen to the interest rate reflection. At present, our country State-owned Commercial bank and very big part of state-owned enterprise's property right slurred, the interest rate market changed into its reform to provide the power, on objective impelled their property right reform.三．The interest rate marketability causes the state-owned commercial bank faced with to challenge sternlyThe interest rate marketability, is the historical stage which our country Commercial bank must pass through, can impel our country State-owned Commercial bank enormously the reform. But after the interest rate marketability, the interest rate level change does not decide, Our country Commercial bank which survives under the control possibly can develop the new financial tool for a long time to dodge the interest rate risk without enough time, will certainly to face the stern challenge, this displays in:1．Has enlarged the bank rate risk. After the interest rate marketability, the interest rate level ascension and the irregular undulation enlarge, intensified the bank vulnerability, ha have enlarged the bank rate risk. After the interest rate marketability, the interest rate level ascension and the irregular undulation enlarge, intensified the bank vulnerability, have the possibility to cause the bank crisis extremely the occurrence. As a result of our country long-term interest rate control, the interest rate by artificial force down, after the interest rate is let loose, the interest rate level can elevate inevitably. The analysis indicated that, in the credit activity, along with the real interest rate enhancement, the risk borrower more will become the bank by chance the customer, But loathes the risk originally the enterprise borrowers also favor in change oneself project the nature, enable it to have a higher risk and the income level. The cause property average horizontal drop in quality, the credit risk , from looked for a long time that, the interest rate change the fund supply and demand real-time influence, can undulate frequently, but the interest rate undulation namely meant risk existence. How forecast accurately the interest rate change tendency, the reasonable determination has the competitive advantage price water; how assigns scientifically saves, the loan deadline layout, maintains the best advantage bad level;How forecast accurately the interest rate change tendency, the reasonable determination has the competitive advantage price water � How assigns scientifically saves, the loan deadline layout, maintains the best advantage bad level; How adjusts the property debt structure nimbly,Enhances prepares pays the level, the active control interest rate forms fluid wind �? How will supervise perfectly restricts the mechanism, prevented has human sentiment interest rate risk and so on, these will all cause the commercial bank faced with the stern ．Leads the service to the commercial bank to have the huge impact. Along with the interest rate marketability, various bank launches the intense contention superiority customer to save the loan war inevitably, the keen competition will cause to save the loan advantage difference large scale deflation. At the same time, the interest rate marketability impetus money market development, the massive enterprise temporary fund no longer rises in value through the deposit form, but is in the capital market, the money market puts in obtains the short-term to receive；Whether there is does the inhabitant also no longer excessively regard as important only contains the risk value deposit interest rate, pays attention contains the risk value the money market to receive �? The bank leadership service will be under the huge can be said, after interest rate marketability, bank true competition magic weapon instead outside interest rate method. Because the monetary fund is highly the homogeneity commodity, the grade of service is more important, highly effective, the low cost manages finances the service enable the customer to have a higher income, has the attraction to the ．Proposed the challenge to the bank management and interest rate control system, regardless of is the interest rate level or counts the rest method all to have the country to decide, regardless of how the country does adjust saves the loan interest rate, all fully considered commercial bank actual situation, maintains the reasonable advantage bad level throughout. Commercial bank's interest rate management is extremely simple, so long as gives according to the People's Bank the fluctuation scope carries out the national interest rate level then, the interest rate change is limited, the interest rate risk is controllable. In such situation, the bank management is inevitably passive. But in under the interest rate marketability condition, the intense market competition forces the bank either to use the price method, through raises the deposit interest rate, reduces the loan interest rate to attract the customer; Either depends upon the high quality service, through the function innovation, the product innovation, the technological innovation satisfies the customer. But this request commercial bank changes present the management, the method and the organization ．Proposed the challenge to the commercial bank staff quality. Along with interest rate marketability reform advancement quickening, the interest rate risk enlarge, will strengthen to the future interest rate trend analyzes and forecast oneself will be very urgent. The state-owned commercial bank seeks the financial professional who needs one batch of this aspect high quality, not only these people must have the deep theory foundation of basic skills, but also must have the rich commercial bank practice experience, Both must thoroughly understand the domestic interest rate change the undulation condition, and must be skilled in the forecast interest rate change tendency. But the present state-owned bank lacks generally can promptly effectively the control and the circumvention interest rate risk tool and the interest rate risk management professional, to the interest rate trend development forecast, the risk recognition and control is weak.四．The state-owned commercial bank should to strategyAlong with the interest rate marketability advancement, the interest rate is more and more big to the state-owned commercial bank's influence, in this situation, the state-owned commercial bank should seek positively should to the ．Establishment finance product fixed price system. In the interest rate marketability situation, whether does the commercial bank draw up a science reasonable fixed price system, has the nimble effective quoted price ability, the realization risk �? Between 20 income balances,Is key which whether it does develop continually. In this process, must establish the effective comprehensive income reckoning system, the overall evaluation customer comprehensive income which brings to the commercial bank，The customer credit risk size, the loan deadline length is the interest rate risk size, as well as commercial bank's collection fund cost and the operation cost share and so on the aspect questions。2．Increases the middle service product development ability, the adjustment profit structure. After the interest rate marketability, the bank saves, the loan favorable difference reduces, the profit level reduces, and this request state-owned commercial bank must develop the middle service vigorously. The bank may while develop positively receives on another's behalf, pays on another's behalf and so on service, uses the commercial bank market main body qualifications fully, positively provides the proxy for other financial organ to distribute the bond, the silver card account transfer, the proxy insures, the fund trust, the broker manages finances, The property management, financial consultant, the investment consultation and so on, enhances the middle service to buy a girl child, on own initiative develops the low risk, the high income middle service new variety positively, promotes the bank large scale by this profit ability, promotes the bank sustainable ．Establishes nimbly, the highly effective interest rate management organization, trains the interest rate managerial talent vigorously. According to the Bethel bank supervising and managing committee about the bank effective supervising and managing core principle request, under the interest rate marketability environment, various commercial bank must set up the specialized interest rate risk management department, manages and instructs the entire good interest rate work, Coordinates and coordinates inside and outside the bank to be connected the work. The interest rate control section's most important task is carries on the comprehensive interest rate sensitive tube on the bank asset debt level ; Exterior determination, internal advantage � The definite general headquarters to branch office's interest rate authorization, are responsible for staff interest rate risk management training and so on. In addition, but also should establish the high interest rate information communication channel, after the interest rate marketability, the commercial bank interior enhances greatly about the interest rate information transmission effectiveness, guarantees can transmit promptly general headquarters formulation each interest rate to commercial bank's any business mesh point, guarantees the commercial bank interest rate policy the ．Speeds up the state-owned commercial bank the property right reform. Stipulated according to "Law of corporation" that, the commercial bank belongs to the competitive profession, does not need to adopt the state-owned sole ownership property right, and does not have the legal barrier to its joint stock system transformation. To the state-owned commercial bank's property right reform, its concrete transformation form establishes the joint stock system commercial bank. The reality in China, in accordance with international practice, and gradually achieve solely by the state to transform the state-owned holding company, and ultimately joint-stock limited companies, and establish corporate system of corporate governance institutions, the establishment of the right to operate, ownership and the right to supervise the separation of the framework, China's commercial banks to become real significance of commercial banks, do business operations.字太多，发布下，你再见个问题吧，我回答。率市场化与我国国有商业银行对策利率市场化的内涵所谓利率市场化，是指金融市场资金供求双方自主确定利率水平的利率决定机制的变迁过程。具体讲，利率市场化是指中央银行根据货币政策的需要调控基准利率，各商业银行根据资金市场的供求变化自主调节存贷款利率，最终形成以中央银行基准利率为引导，多层次、能够充分体现资金供求状况和反映中央银行货币政策意图的利率运行机制。利率市场化强调利率真实地反映资金成本与供求关系，灵活有效地发挥其经济杠杆作用.

银行人论文题目

1.商业银行毕业论文题目选择：1）我国商业银_行存款结构_变化及营销_ 策略分析;2）商业银行个_人消费贷款_风险防范分_ 3）我国商业银_行个人住房_贷款的风险_管理等。2.毕业论文的选题至关重要，一个好的选题能够促进现代科学发展和理论发展，对社会的物质文明增长和精神文明建设有指导作用，学生在选择毕业论文的选题时，需要选确认选题的正确性和价值导向，其次是论文的创新性和内容，并结合学生个人能力，完成毕业论文的选题。商业银行毕业论文题目选择：商业银行高层管理者激励机制中的动态模型；商业银行信用卡业务风险管理研究；商业银行结构调整与资本外逃问题研究；我国银行保险营销策略的问题和对策；投资银行的本质及历史演进过程分析等。1.毕业论文的选题通常有两种方式，分别是浏览捕捉法和追溯验证法1）浏览捕捉法：通过此方法进行选题，需要广泛且全面的查阅文献资料，以多个角度，多个层面研究内容的本质进行剖析，其二对文献资料的内容进行摘录，加深脑海中对部分论点论述的印象，搜集到的文献进行整理规划，排列组合，理解课题之间的联络，进行深入思考，最终确定自己的选题 2）追溯验证法：对已有文献内容的问题进行追溯，部分论文中有后续的研究计划，以及部分未开展的研究内容，同学们在选题时，可以对已有论文的内容进行补充完善，或者延伸拓展，以不同角度的方式解析论文内容。2.论文选题决定了你的论文方向，选择一个好的论文题目，就等于论文完成了一半。因此选题间接关系到是否能够顺利拿到毕业证和学位证，部分学校还会将毕业论文放入个人档案。如果不加思索就选定题目，由于缺乏研究分析，材料准备也不充分，勉强提笔来写困难重重，被导师全盘否定也是极有可能的，甚至会影响顺利毕业。

直接写金融会计呗，大部分导师肯定都不懂，除非有在银行工作过的。这样的论文答辩好过，他们提不出太多有针对性的问题。

EEE ,其实吧，题目都是次要的主要说写作内容呢